CN109819656A - 热塑性树脂组合物、其制备方法和使用其制造的模制件 - Google Patents

热塑性树脂组合物、其制备方法和使用其制造的模制件 Download PDF

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CN109819656A
CN109819656A CN201780059399.2A CN201780059399A CN109819656A CN 109819656 A CN109819656 A CN 109819656A CN 201780059399 A CN201780059399 A CN 201780059399A CN 109819656 A CN109819656 A CN 109819656A
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weight
thermoplastic resin
resin composition
compound
graft
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CN109819656B (zh
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李周炯
姜秉逸
韩世镇
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LG Corp
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LG Chemical Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种热塑性树脂组合物、其制备方法和使用所述热塑性树脂组合物制造的模制件,其中,所述热塑性树脂组合物包含:a‑1)1重量%至30重量%的第一接枝聚合物,该第一接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;a‑2)5重量%至45重量%的第二接枝聚合物,该第二接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.2μm至0.5μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;b)50重量%至80重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物‑乙烯基氰化合物共聚物;以及c)1重量%至10重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物。根据本发明,所述热塑性树脂组合物的机械性能等于或优于常规热塑性树脂组合物的机械性能。此外,在使用毒性减小的无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺的过程中,所述热塑性树脂组合物具有优异的电镀粘合力、热循环特性和外观。此外,由于使用所述热塑性树脂组合物不引起工艺成本的增加,因此,本发明可以提供经济优势。

Description

热塑性树脂组合物、其制备方法和使用其制造的模制件
技术领域
[相关申请的交叉引用]
本申请要求于2017年9月19日在韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2017-0120158的优先权,该申请的公开内容通过引用并入本说明书中。
本发明涉及一种热塑性树脂组合物、其制备方法和使用该热塑性树脂组合物制造的模制件,更具体地,涉及一种具有等于或优于常规热塑性树脂组合物的机械性能的热塑性树脂组合物、其制备方法和使用该热塑性树脂组合物制造的模制件。根据本发明,所述热塑性树脂组合物在使用毒性减小的无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺的过程中具有优异的电镀粘合力、热循环特性和外观。此外,由于使用所述热塑性树脂组合物不引起生产成本的增加,因此,本发明可以提供经济优势。
背景技术
丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)树脂具有来自丙烯腈的优异的刚度和耐化学性,以及来自丁二烯和苯乙烯的优异的加工性能、机械强度和外观。由于这些性能,ABS树脂用于诸如汽车零部件、电气/电子产品和办公设备的各种产品中。
ABS树脂经常进行电镀。电镀工艺以脱脂、蚀刻、中和、催化、活化、化学镀和电镀的顺序进行。蚀刻工艺是使ABS树脂内的橡胶部分熔化以在树脂的表面上形成不规则度(irregularities)从而形成孔的步骤。这些孔用作锚固点,以在树脂和镀层之间提供物理粘合力。因此,蚀刻工艺是提供电镀粘合力并且防止发生非电镀的必要步骤。
用于蚀刻常规ABS树脂的蚀刻剂包括六价铬(Cr6+)的铬酸酐,其被认定是人体致癌物。因此,蚀刻剂会对工作者有害。此外,为了蚀刻剂的安全的废水处理,必须进行将六价铬还原为三价铬并且中和和析出还原的三价铬的复杂过程。因此,考虑到工作者安全和废水处理,已经开发毒性减小的无铬电镀工艺。
然而,与常规工艺(使用蚀刻剂)相比,在毒性减小的电镀工艺的情况下,电镀粘合力会降低或者会发生非电镀。这引起热循环性能容易劣化的另一问题。
作为解决这些问题的方法,已经提出增加橡胶含量的方法,但是由于模塑性能降低并且线性膨胀系数增加而会引起热循环性能的劣化。作为另一方法,有增加电镀工艺过程中的蚀刻温度或时间的方法,但是该方法增加了整体工艺时间,这在效率和工艺成本方面不理想。因此,在相关技术中避免使用该方法。
因此,越来越需要一种树脂组合物,该树脂组合物在毒性减小的无铬电镀工艺的过程中表现出改善的电镀粘合力和减少的非电镀现象,而不表现出ABS树脂的固有机械性能和热性能的任何劣化。
[现有技术文献]
[专利文献](专利文献1)KR 10-2013-0006551A
发明内容
技术问题
因此,鉴于上述问题而作出本发明,并且本发明的一个目的是提供一种具有优异的外观的热塑性树脂组合物。根据本发明,当使用所述热塑性树脂组合物时,在毒性减小的无铬电镀工艺的过程中,所述热塑性树脂组合物表现出优异的电镀粘合力,而不表现出机械性能和热性能的任何劣化,并且非电镀现象大大减少。因此,所述热塑性树脂组合物在电镀工艺之后具有优异的外观。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种所述热塑性树脂组合物的制备方法和使用该热塑性树脂组合物制造的模制件。
本发明的上述目的和其它目的可以通过下面描述的本公开实现。
技术方案
根据本发明的一个方面,提供一种热塑性树脂组合物,包含:a-1)1重量%至30重量%的第一接枝聚合物,该第一接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;a-2)5重量%至45重量%的第二接枝聚合物,该第二接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.2μm至0.5μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;b)50重量%至80重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物;以及c)1重量%至10重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种热塑性树脂组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:对a-1)1重量%至30重量%的第一接枝聚合物,该第一接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;a-2)5重量%至45重量%的第二接枝聚合物,该第二接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.2μm至0.5μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;b)50重量%至80重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物;以及c)1重量%至10重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物进行捏合和挤出。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供一种模制件的制造方法,包括:对所述热塑性树脂组合物进行注射成型以得到注塑件的步骤;使用含有KMnO4和磷酸的无铬蚀刻剂蚀刻所述注塑件的步骤;以及对蚀刻后的注塑件进行电镀的步骤。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供一种包含本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的模制件。
有益效果
从上述内容显而易见的是,本发明有利地提供一种具有等于或优于常规热塑性树脂组合物的机械性能的热塑性树脂组合物、该热塑性树脂组合物的制备方法,以及使用所述热塑性树脂组合物制造的模制件。根据本发明,所述热塑性树脂组合物在使用毒性减小的无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺的过程中具有优异的电镀粘合力和热循环特性。此外,由于使用所述热塑性树脂组合物不引起工艺成本的增加,因此,本发明可以提供经济优势。
具体实施方式
下文中,将详细描述本发明的热塑性树脂组合物。
本发明人证实,当对通过混合特定的含量范围内的分别含有具有不同的平均粒径的橡胶粒子的两种类型的ABS树脂、苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)树脂而制备的树脂组合物进行毒性减小的电镀工艺时,制备的树脂组合物表现出优异的电镀粘合力而不表现出机械性能和热性能的任何劣化,并且非电镀现象大大减少。基于这些发现,完成本发明。
在本发明中,毒性减小的电镀工艺包括使用无铬蚀刻剂的蚀刻工艺,术语“无铬”表示在组合物中没有特意添加被认定是有毒化学品的含铬成分。
例如,无铬蚀刻剂可以是含有高锰酸(或其盐)和各种无机酸或有机酸的溶液。作为一个具体的实例,无铬蚀刻剂可以是含有高锰酸(或其盐)和磷酸的溶液。
本发明的热塑性树脂组合物包含:a-1)1重量%至30重量%的第一接枝聚合物,该第一接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;a-2)5重量%至45重量%的第二接枝聚合物,该第二接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.2μm至0.5μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;b)50重量%至80重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物;以及c)1重量%至10重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物。
第一接枝共聚物和第二接枝共聚物可以各自通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到共轭二烯橡胶上得到。所述共轭二烯橡胶可以是,例如,共轭二烯橡胶分散在水中以形成胶体的胶乳。
共轭二烯橡胶指通过使双键和单键交替排列的共轭二烯化合物聚合得到的聚合物或共聚物,并且作为一个具体的实例,可以是选自丁二烯聚合物、丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物和丁二烯-丙烯腈共聚物中的一种或多种,优选地为丁二烯聚合物。在这种情况下,组合物的机械强度和加工性能会优异。
例如,第一接枝共聚物(a-1)的共轭二烯橡胶的平均粒径可以为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm、0.05μm至0.18μm或0.07μm至0.15μm。在所述范围内,机械性能、加工性能和热循环特性会优异。
例如,第二接枝共聚物(a-2)的共轭二烯橡胶的平均粒径可以为0.2μm至0.5μm、0.23μm至0.45μm或0.25μm至0.4μm。在所述范围内,机械性能、电镀性能和加工性能会优异。
在本发明中,所述共轭二烯橡胶的平均粒径可以,例如,根据动态激光散射使用强度高斯分布(Nicomp 380)测量。
例如,第一接枝共聚物和第二接枝共聚物可以分别包含选自苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、对甲基苯乙烯和乙烯基甲苯中的一种或多种,优选地为苯乙烯,作为芳香族乙烯基化合物。在这种情况下,加工性能和机械性能会优异。
例如,第一接枝共聚物和第二接枝共聚物可以分别包含选自丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈和乙基丙烯腈中的一种或多种,优选地为丙烯腈,作为乙烯基氰化合物。在这种情况下,组合物的机械强度、加工性能和电镀性能会优异。
例如,相对于各个共聚物的总重量,第一接枝共聚物和第二接枝共聚物可以各自通过将10重量%至70重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物和1重量%至30重量%的乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到20重量%至80%的共轭二烯橡胶上得到。在这种情况下,可以改善整体物理性能平衡,并且电镀粘合力和热循环特性会优异。
作为另一实例,相对于各个共聚物的总重量,第一接枝共聚物和第二接枝共聚物可以各自通过将15重量%至65重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物和3重量%至25重量%的乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到30重量%至75%的共轭二烯橡胶上得到。在所述范围内,诸如抗冲击性和加工性能的物理性能、电镀粘合力和热循环特性会优异。
作为另一实例,相对于各个共聚物的总重量,第一接枝共聚物和第二接枝共聚物可以各自通过将20重量%至60重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物和5重量%至20重量%的乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到45重量%至70%的共轭二烯橡胶上得到。在所述范围内,组合物的物理性能平衡、电镀粘合力和外观会优异。
例如,组合物中第一接枝共聚物的含量可以为1重量%至30重量%、1重量%至25重量%、5重量%至20重量%或5重量%至15重量%。在所述范围内,组合物的抗冲击性、流动性和电镀粘合力会优异。
例如,组合物中第二接枝共聚物的含量可以为5重量%至45重量%、10重量%至45重量%、10重量%至35重量%或15重量%至30重量%。在所述范围内,组合物的物理性能平衡,如机械性能和加工性能会优异,并且电镀粘合力也会优异。
例如,第一接枝共聚物与第二接枝共聚物的重量比可以为1:0.5至1:4、1:1.5至1:3.5、或1:2至1:3。在所述范围内,组合物的抗冲击性、加工性能、电镀粘合力和热循环特性会优异,并且可以减少非电镀的发生。
对第一接枝共聚物(a-1)和第二接枝共聚物(a-2)的制备方法没有特别地限制,并且可以适当选择本领域中常用的方法。作为一个优选的实例,第一接枝共聚物和第二接枝共聚物可以通过常规的乳液聚合方法制备。在这种情况下,接枝效率会优异,由此,可以进一步提高机械性能和加工性能。
芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物(b)是通过使芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物聚合得到的非接枝共聚物。例如,相对于共聚物(b)的总重量,乙烯基氰化合物的含量可以为10重量%至40重量%、15重量%至40重量%或20重量%至35重量%。在所述范围内,组合物的流动性适当,由此,组合物的加工性能会优异,并且,在使用无铬蚀刻剂的蚀刻工艺中,在树脂的表面上充分地形成不规则度,使得电镀粘合力和外观会优异。
所述芳香族乙烯基化合物可以是,例如,选自苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯、对甲基苯乙烯和乙烯基甲苯中的一种或多种,并且所述乙烯基氰化合物可以是,例如,选自丙烯腈、甲基丙烯腈和乙基丙烯腈中的一种或多种,优选地为苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物。在这种情况下,组合物的机械强度和加工性能会优异,并且可以提高电镀粘合力。
例如,所述芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物的重均分子量可以为50,000g/mol至200,000g/mol、60,000g/mol至190,000g/mol、70,000g/mol至180,000g/mol、80,000g/mol至140,000g/mol或80,000g/mol至120,000g/mol。在所述范围内,流动性适当,由此,加工性能会优异。此外,可以提高诸如冲击强度的机械强度以及电镀粘合力。
在本发明中,例如,将树脂以1mg/ml的浓度溶解在四氢呋喃(THF)中并通过0.45μm的注射器式过滤器过滤,并使用GPC测量重均分子量。此时,使用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)作为标准物质进行校准,然后测量分子量。
对共聚物(b)的制备方法没有特别地限制,并且可以适当地选择本领域中常用的方法。优选地,采用本体聚合方法制备所述共聚物。更优选地,考虑到降低生产成本,采用连续本体聚合方法制备所述共聚物。
为了在毒性减小的电镀工艺的过程中提高电镀粘合力并且减少非电镀现象同时提高机械性能、热性能和加工性能,添加(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物(c)。
例如,组合物中所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物的含量可以为1重量%至10重量%、3重量%至10重量%、5重量%至10重量%、5重量%至8重量%或3重量%至7重量%。在所述范围内,组合物的机械性能和热性能、加工性能会优异,并且可以提高电镀粘合性能。
例如,所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物可以通过使含有具有1至20个碳原子的烷基的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯化合物聚合得到。作为一个具体的实例,所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物可以通过使选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯和乙基丙烯酸甲酯中的一种或多种聚合而得到,并且优选地为甲基丙烯酸甲酯均聚物。在这种情况下,可以提高组合物的物理性能平衡和电镀粘合力,并且可以减少非电镀现象,使得组合物的外观会优异。
作为另一实例,所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物可以是由(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物和芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物组成的嵌段共聚物;使用芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物作为基体树脂的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物母料;或以上两者。在这种情况下,可以提高第一接枝共聚物、第二接枝共聚物和芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物之间的相容性,从而组合物的机械性能、加工性能和热性能会优异,并且可以提高电镀粘合力。
更优选地,所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物是由(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物和芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物组成的嵌段共聚物。在这种情况下,可以进一步提高物理性能平衡和电镀性能。
本发明的树脂组合物还可以任选地包含选自热稳定剂、抗氧化剂、冲击改性剂、光稳定剂、增塑剂、润滑剂、抗静电剂和调色剂中的一种或多种添加剂。例如,相对于100重量份的全部组合物,添加剂的用量可以为0.1重量份至5重量份或0.5重量份至3重量份。在所述范围内,可以提高物理性能,并且可以降低生产成本。
例如,根据本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的熔融指数可以为14g/10分钟至40g/10分钟、15g/10分钟至35g/10分钟或15g/10分钟至30g/10分钟。在这种情况下,流动性适当,由此,加工性能会优异。
例如,根据本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的冲击强度可以为20kgfcm/cm2以上、20kgfcm/cm2至30kgfcm/cm2或28kgfcm/cm2至30kgfcm/cm2
例如,根据本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的电镀粘合力可以为8.0N/cm以上、9.0N/cm至12N/cm或9.0N/cm至10N/cm。在所述范围内,电镀之后的外观会优异。
下文中,将详细描述本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的制备方法和包含该组合物的模制件。在描述本发明的组合物的制备方法和模制件时,将省略与上面描述的热塑性树脂组合物重复的描述。
根据本发明的热塑性树脂组合物的制备方法包括以下步骤:对a-1)1重量%至30重量%的第一接枝聚合物,通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;a-2)5重量%至45重量%的第二接枝聚合物,通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.2μm至0.5μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;b)50重量%至80重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物;以及c)1重量%至10重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物进行捏合和挤出。
当进行捏合步骤时,还可以包含上述添加剂,如热稳定剂、抗氧化剂、冲击改性剂、光稳定剂、增塑剂、润滑剂和抗静电剂。
例如,捏合和挤出步骤可以使用单螺杆挤出机、双螺杆挤出机、班伯里密炼机等进行。使用所述装置将组分均匀地混合然后挤出,以得到,例如,小球形状的热塑性树脂组合物。
另外,根据上述制备方法得到的热塑性树脂组合物可以通过注射工艺制造为模制件。
如上所述,本发明的热塑性树脂组合物可以是电镀材料,并且可以使用利用毒性减小的无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺来电镀所述组合物。作为一个具体的实例,所述模制件可以通过以下方法制造,包括:对所述热塑性树脂组合物进行注射成型以得到注塑件的步骤;使用含有KMnO4和磷酸的无铬蚀刻剂蚀刻所述注塑件的步骤;以及电镀蚀刻后的注塑件的步骤。
例如,在蚀刻的步骤中,蚀刻时间可以是5分钟至15分钟或7分钟至10分钟,并且蚀刻温度可以是60℃至75℃或65℃至70℃。在所述范围内,可以在不增加工艺成本的情况下得到具有优异的电镀粘合力和外观的模制件。
在电镀的步骤中,对电镀方法没有特别地限制,并且可以适当选择和使用本领域中常用的方法。
所述模制件的用途可以包括,例如,汽车的内部或外部材料,而不限于此。
在描述根据本发明的热塑性树脂组合物、模制件及其制备方法时,在本说明书中未明确描述的构件的情况下,对在本领域中常用的构件没有特别地限制,并且可以适当地选择和使用。
下文中,将参照下面的优选实施例更详细地描述本发明。然而,提供这些实施例仅用于说明的目的,并且不应理解为限制本发明的范围和精神。此外,对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,可以进行各种改变和修改,并且这些改变和修改也在所附权利要求书的范围之内。
在实施例和比较例中使用的材料如下。
a-1)第一接枝共聚物:使用平均粒径为0.1μm的橡胶进行乳液聚合得到的ABS树脂(DP229M,LG Chem.)
a-2)第二接枝共聚物:使用平均粒径为0.3μm的橡胶进行乳液聚合得到的ABS树脂(DP270M,LG Chem.)
b)芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物:苯乙烯-丙烯腈共聚物(SNA)(95HCI,LG Chem.)
c)(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物:聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)(XT510,LG Chem.)
[实施例和比较例]
根据下面的表1中所示的组成和含量将各组分添加到双螺杆挤出机中,并在220℃下进行熔融和捏合以得到小球形状的树脂组合物。对得到的树脂组合物进行注射成型以制备用于测量物理性能的试样。在这种情况下,将试样形成为尺寸为100mm×100mm×3mm的正方形或尺寸为150mm×80mm×3mm的帽形。
通过下面的电镀方法在制备的试样上形成具有30μm以上的均匀厚度的镀层。
首先,在55℃下用表面活性剂处理试样5分钟以除去油,并在68℃下在含有25g/L的KMnO4和600ml/L的磷酸的无铬蚀刻剂中培养10分钟以使丁二烯氧化。然后,在30℃下在钯-锡催化剂的存在下培养试样2分钟以吸附试样的锚孔中的钯。在55℃下进行活化步骤2分钟,并使用硫酸水溶液除去锡,并在30℃下使用硫酸镍进行化学镀5分钟。在化学镀之后,使用铜、镍和铬进行电镀。在这种情况下,在25℃下以3A/dm2使用硫酸铜进行铜电镀35分钟,在55℃下以3A/dm2使用硫酸镍进行镍电镀15分钟,并在55℃下以15A/dm2使用铬酸酐溶液进行铬电镀3分钟。
[表1]
(表1中各组分的含量以基于a-1、a-2、b和c的总重量的重量%给出)
[试验例]
通过下面的方法测量根据实施例和比较例制备的试样的性能,结果示于表2中。
*熔融指数(g/10分钟):根据ASTM D1238在220℃和10kg下测量制备的试样的熔融指数。
*冲击强度(缺口悬臂梁式冲击强度,kgfcm/cm2):根据ASTM D256使用厚度为6.4mm的试样测量试样的冲击强度。
*电镀粘合力的评价:在电镀后的正方形试样(尺寸:100mm×100mm×3mm)的正面上施加10mm宽的划痕,并使用推拉式测量仪在垂直方向上以80mm的距离剥离试样的同时测量电镀粘合力的程度。计算测量的值的平均值。
**发生非电镀的评价:用肉眼观察150mm×80mm×3mm的帽形试样的外观。此时,当试样上未发生非电镀时,用○表示。当在试样的一部分上发生非电镀时,用X表示。
*热循环特性:在腔室中对帽形试样进行下面的过程①至⑤,并用肉眼观察镀层的外观。此时,当未观察到裂纹或电镀凸起时,用○表示。当在试样的一部分上观察到裂纹或电镀凸起时,用X表示。
①将腔室中的温度保持在-40℃下60分钟。
②在1分钟内将腔室中的温度升高至80℃。
③将腔室中的温度保持在80℃下60分钟。
④在1分钟内将腔室中的温度冷却至-40℃。
⑤将过程①至④重复四次。
[表2]
如表2中所示,在根据本发明的分别以适当的量包含分别含有具有不同的平均粒径的橡胶的两种类型的ABS树脂、SAN树脂和PMMA树脂的实施例1至实施例7的情况下,熔融指数合适并且加工性能优异,而且冲击强度不降低。此外,在毒性减小的电镀工艺中,电镀粘合力和热循环特性显著提高。
特别地,在实施例中,当PMMA树脂(c)的含量为5重量%至10重量%时,在使用无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺中电镀粘合力进一步提高。
另一方面,在不含有PMMA树脂(c)的比较例1的情况下,在使用无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺中电镀粘合力显著降低,并且非电镀现象没有改善。此外,基于热循环特性的评价结果,在镀层中存在凸起或裂纹。因此,比较例1的组合物不适合于使用毒性减小的无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺。
另外,与实施例相比,在含有过量的PMMA树脂(c)的比较例2和比较例5的情况下,机械强度显著降低。此外,未检测到非电镀,但是电镀粘合力低,因此,电镀之后的外观没有改善。
相反,在含有少量的PMMA树脂(c)的比较例6和比较例7的情况下,机械强度好,但是电镀粘合力和电镀性能如非电镀现象以及热循环特性没有改善。
另外,与实施例相比,在不使用分别含有具有不同的平均粒径的橡胶聚合物的两种类型的ABS树脂而是仅包含一种类型的ABS树脂的比较例3和比较例4的情况下,熔融指数、冲击强度和电镀粘合力显著降低。特别地,与实施例相比,当仅包含仅含有大直径橡胶聚合物的ABS树脂(比较例4)时,热循环特性也低。
换言之,当分别以适当的量包含分别含有具有不同的平均粒径的橡胶聚合物的两种类型的ABS树脂、SAN树脂和PMMA树脂时,ABS树脂的固有特性如机械强度和加工性能得以保持,并且在毒性减小的电镀工艺中电镀粘合力和热性能改善,而且非电镀现象显著减少。此外,由于可以使用无铬蚀刻剂进行电镀工艺,因此,可以确保工作者的安全,并且可以实现环境友好的工艺。

Claims (16)

1.一种热塑性树脂组合物,包含:
a-1)1重量%至30重量%的第一接枝聚合物,该第一接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;
a-2)5重量%至45重量%的第二接枝聚合物,该第二接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.2μm至0.5μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;
b)50重量%至80重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物;以及
c)1重量%至10重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述热塑性树脂组合物是电镀材料,并且使用利用无铬蚀刻剂的电镀工艺来电镀所述热塑性树脂组合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述第一接枝聚合物与所述第二接枝聚合物的重量比为1:0.5至1:4。
4.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述第一接枝共聚物和所述第二接枝共聚物各自通过将10重量%至70重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物和1重量%至30重量%的乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到20重量%至80重量%的共轭二烯橡胶上得到。
5.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物包含10重量%至40重量%的乙烯基氰化合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物的重均分子量为50,000g/mol至200,000g/mol。
7.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物通过使选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯和乙基丙烯酸甲酯中的一种或多种进行聚合得到。
8.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物是由(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物和芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物组成的嵌段共聚物;使用芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物作为基体树脂的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物母料;或以上两者。
9.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述热塑性树脂组合物在220℃和10kg下的熔融指数为14g/10分钟至40g/10分钟。
10.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述热塑性树脂组合物的电镀粘合力为8.0N/cm以上。
11.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述热塑性树脂组合物的冲击强度为20kgfcm/cm2以上。
12.根据权利要求1所述的热塑性树脂组合物,其中,所述芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物的重均分子量为50,000g/mol至200,000g/mol。
13.一种热塑性树脂组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:对a-1)1重量%至30重量%的第一接枝聚合物,该第一接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.05μm以上且小于0.2μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;a-2)5重量%至45重量%的第二接枝聚合物,该第二接枝聚合物通过将芳香族乙烯基化合物和乙烯基氰化合物接枝聚合到平均粒径为0.2μm至0.5μm的共轭二烯橡胶上得到;b)50重量%至80重量%的芳香族乙烯基化合物-乙烯基氰化合物共聚物;以及c)1重量%至10重量%的(甲基)丙烯酸烷基酯聚合物进行捏合和挤出。
14.一种模制件的制造方法,包括:
对根据权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物进行注射成型以得到注塑件的步骤;
使用含有KMnO4和磷酸的无铬蚀刻剂蚀刻所述注塑件的步骤;以及
对蚀刻后的注塑件进行电镀的步骤。
15.一种模制件,包含根据权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的热塑性树脂组合物。
16.根据权利要求15所述的模制件,其中,所述模制件包括包含所述热塑性树脂组合物的基底和涂布在该基底的表面上的镀层,其中,所述镀层通过锚固结合到所述基底上。
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