CN109618853B - Selenium-rich angelica sinensis and planting method thereof - Google Patents
Selenium-rich angelica sinensis and planting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109618853B CN109618853B CN201910022154.3A CN201910022154A CN109618853B CN 109618853 B CN109618853 B CN 109618853B CN 201910022154 A CN201910022154 A CN 201910022154A CN 109618853 B CN109618853 B CN 109618853B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N57/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds
- A01N57/10—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds
- A01N57/14—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic phosphorus compounds having phosphorus-to-oxygen bonds or phosphorus-to-sulfur bonds containing aromatic radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Abstract
The invention discloses selenium-rich angelica sinensis and a planting method thereof, and the selenium-rich angelica sinensis comprises the following steps: land preparation and fertilization; pre-treating seedlings; managing the field; and (6) harvesting. The invention provides a new planting method of selenium-rich angelica, the selenium-rich angelica planted by the method has high selenium content and high organic selenium content, the human body can easily and directly absorb the organic selenium, the demand of the human body can be met, in addition, the yield of the selenium-rich angelica planted by the method is high, and the survival rate is high; the method of the invention can improve the absorption of the angelica seedlings to selenium in the fertilizer after the seedlings are soaked in the sterilization liquid medicine and then are continuously soaked in the glucose solution, thereby the selenium content of the planted angelica is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Chinese herbal medicine planting, and particularly relates to selenium-rich angelica sinensis and a planting method thereof.
Background
Angelica sinensis, also known as Qinqui, Xiangelicae sinensis, Langgui, Minangelicae sinensis, and the like, is a perennial herb of Umbelliferae. The Chinese angelica is used as a medicine by root, has long medicinal history and wide application, and is called as 'ten prescriptions and nine return' in essence. Chinese angelica has multiple medicinal functions of enriching blood and activating blood, removing stasis and promoting tissue regeneration, relaxing bowel, regulating menstruation and relieving pain and the like, is especially mainly used for treating irregular menstruation, menstrual pain and metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, amenorrhea and abdominal pain, pain and plague pyogenic infections, traumatic injury and other symptoms, and is a Xue Jia Sheng medicine. It is a main drug in many famous prescriptions in our country, so it is said to be "ten prescriptions and nine returning". In recent years, Chinese angelica is also used for producing beauty and health care products, is also a traditional export commodity in China, particularly regains produced in regains county in the province of Min, and has high reputation internationally.
Selenium is an important component of antioxidant enzyme and selenium-P protein in animals and human bodies, plays a role in balancing oxidation-reduction atmosphere in the bodies, has the function of improving the immunity of animals through research, has important significance on the research of immunity influence and cancer prevention internationally, can be used as a trace additive of animal feed, can also be used as a plant fertilizer added with trace element fertilizer, and improves the selenium content of agricultural and sideline products. Research shows that the angelica and selenium have synergistic effect, so that the drug effect of the angelica can be improved, and the angelica is easier to absorb by a human body; and the inorganic selenium is not easy to be directly absorbed by human body, and the content of the organic selenium which can be absorbed and utilized by human body in natural organism is low, thus far not meeting the physiological requirement of human body.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides the selenium-rich angelica sinensis and the planting method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a planting method of selenium-rich angelica sinensis comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and fertilization: selecting the altitude of 2200-2400m, the annual rainfall of 570-650mm, the annual average temperature of 4.5-5.5 ℃, the annual average temperature of 7-8 months of 15-16 ℃, the soil is black soil or brown soil, the soil is fertile and loose, spreading mixed base fertilizer on the ground surface, and turning and leveling;
(2) seedling pretreatment: selecting seedlings with rough epidermis, long lateral roots and hard seedling quality, soaking the selected seedlings in a sterilization liquid medicine after the seedlings are 2-6mm, and then continuously soaking in a glucose solution to obtain pretreated seedlings;
(3) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the pretreated seedlings by adopting equal row spacing from late 3 to early 4 months, wherein the row spacing is 35-40cm, and the plant spacing is 16-20 cm;
(4) field management: carrying out first weeding after 35-40 days of seedling transplantation, carrying out second seedling removal after 65-70 days of seedling transplantation, applying fertilizer in the middle of 6 months, spraying selenium nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces after 7-10 days of fertilizer application, irrigating, turning soil and managing insect damage prevention;
(5) harvesting: digging out roots, removing stems, leaves and soil, drying in the sun until water is evaporated, and drying in the air to obtain the selenium-rich angelica.
According to the invention, the selenium-rich angelica seedlings are soaked in the first sterilization liquid medicine, so that the insect prevention and the disease prevention are realized, and the insect prevention can be realized without spraying pesticides in the later period through the early-stage soaking treatment, so that the prevention and the treatment of pollution-free pesticides are realized; in addition, the inventor surprisingly discovers in experiments that the seedlings are continuously soaked in the glucose solution after being soaked in the sterilizing liquid medicine, so that the absorption of the angelica seedlings to selenium in the fertilizer can be improved, and the selenium content of the planted angelica is higher.
Further, the sterilization liquid medicine in the step (2) is a mixed solution of 15-20 mass percent of phoxim and 12-16 mass percent of carbendazim, and the soaking time is 20-30 min.
Further, the mass fraction of the glucose solution in the step (2) is 8-12%, and the soaking time is 10-15 min.
Further, the seedlings in the step (3) are transplanted into the holes with the hole depth of 18-22cm and the width of 18-22cm, and 2-3 seedlings are transplanted into each hole.
The inventor finds that the survival rate of the angelica sinensis seedlings is high and the yield is high by adopting the planting mode through experiments.
Further, the fertilizer in the step (4) comprises 40-45 parts of urea, 16-18 parts of potassium chloride, 1.2-1.6 parts of sodium selenite, 30-35 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 20-30 parts of farmyard manure according to parts by weight per mu.
The inventor finds out through a large number of experiments that the yield of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis can be obviously increased by adopting the fertilizer, and the selenium absorption of the angelica sinensis is facilitated by adopting the raw materials in the proportion, so that the organic selenium content of the planted angelica sinensis is high.
Further, the fertilizer in the step (4) comprises 42.5 parts of urea, 17 parts of potassium chloride, 1.4 parts of sodium selenite, 32.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 25 parts of farmyard manure according to parts by weight per mu of land.
Further, in the step (4), the selenium nutrient solution is 5-10% of sodium selenite aqueous solution by mass fraction.
Further, in the step (4), the selenium nutrient solution is 7.5% by mass of sodium selenite aqueous solution.
Furthermore, the selenium nutrient solution is sprayed once every 5 to 7 days and is continuously sprayed for 3 to 4 times.
The method of the invention is matched with a fertilizer containing selenium and the selenium nutrient solution sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the angelica, can promote the absorption of selenium in angelica from two aspects, and converts inorganic selenium into organic selenium in photosynthesis.
The selenium-rich angelica planted by the planting method of the selenium-rich angelica has the selenium content of 11300-12100mg/kg in the selenium-rich angelica, and the organic selenium content accounts for 82-86% of the total selenium content.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention provides a new planting method of selenium-rich angelica, the selenium-rich angelica planted by the method has high selenium content and high organic selenium content, the human body can easily and directly absorb the organic selenium, the demand of the human body can be met, in addition, the yield of the selenium-rich angelica planted by the method is high, and the survival rate is high;
(2) the method of the invention can improve the absorption of the angelica seedlings to selenium in the fertilizer after the seedlings are soaked in the sterilization liquid medicine and then are continuously soaked in the glucose solution, thereby the selenium content of the planted angelica is higher.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The planting method of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis comprises the following steps:
(1) land preparation and fertilization: selecting the altitude of 2200-2400m, the annual rainfall of 570-650mm, the annual average temperature of 4.5-5.5 ℃, the annual average temperature of 7-8 months of 15-16 ℃, the soil is black soil or brown soil, the soil is fertile and loose, spreading mixed base fertilizer on the ground surface, and turning and leveling;
(2) seedling pretreatment: selecting seedlings with rough skins, long lateral roots and hard seedlings, soaking the selected seedlings in a sterilization liquid medicine for 30min after the seedlings are 2-6mm thick, wherein the sterilization liquid medicine is a mixed solution of 15 mass percent of phoxim and 12 mass percent of carbendazim, and then continuously soaking in a glucose solution, the mass percent of the glucose solution is 8 percent, and the soaking time is 15min, so as to obtain pretreated seedlings;
(3) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the pretreated seedlings at equal row spacing from late 3 to early 4 months, wherein the row spacing is 35-40cm, the plant spacing is 16-20cm, the seedlings are transplanted into holes with the depth of 18-22cm and the width of 18-22cm, and 2-3 seedlings are transplanted into each hole;
(4) field management: carrying out first weeding in 35-40 days of seedling transplantation, carrying out second seedling removal in 65-70 days of seedling transplantation, and applying fertilizer in the middle of 6 months, wherein the fertilizer comprises 40kg of urea, 16kg of potassium chloride, 1.2kg of sodium selenite, 30kg of monopotassium phosphate and 20kg of farmyard manure in parts by weight per mu of land. After fertilizing for 7-10 days, spraying a selenium nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces, wherein the selenium nutrient solution is a sodium selenite aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%, and the selenium nutrient solution is sprayed once every 5 days and continuously sprayed for 4 times, and is irrigated, turned over and managed for insect prevention;
(5) harvesting: digging out roots, removing stems, leaves and soil, drying in the sun until water is evaporated, and drying in the air to obtain the selenium-rich angelica.
Example 2
(1) Land preparation and fertilization: selecting the altitude of 2200-2400m, the annual rainfall of 570-650mm, the annual average temperature of 4.5-5.5 ℃, the annual average temperature of 7-8 months of 15-16 ℃, the soil is black soil or brown soil, the soil is fertile and loose, spreading mixed base fertilizer on the ground surface, and turning and leveling;
(2) seedling pretreatment: selecting seedlings with rough skins, long lateral roots and hard seedlings, soaking the selected seedlings in a sterilization liquid medicine for 25min after the seedlings are 2-6mm in length, wherein the sterilization liquid medicine is a mixed solution of 17.5% of phoxim and 14% of carbendazim in mass fraction, and then continuously soaking in a glucose solution for 12.5min, so as to obtain pretreated seedlings;
(3) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the pretreated seedlings at equal row spacing from late 3 to early 4 months, wherein the row spacing is 35-40cm, the plant spacing is 16-20cm, the seedlings are transplanted into holes with the depth of 18-22cm and the width of 18-22cm, and 2-3 seedlings are transplanted into each hole;
(4) field management: carrying out first weeding in 35-40 days of seedling transplantation, carrying out second seedling removal in 65-70 days of seedling transplantation, and applying fertilizer in the middle of 6 months, wherein the fertilizer comprises 42.5kg of urea, 17kg of potassium chloride, 1.4kg of sodium selenite, 32.5kg of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 25kg of farmyard manure in parts by weight per mu of land. After fertilizing for 7-10 days, spraying selenium nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces, wherein the selenium nutrient solution is 7.5% sodium selenite aqueous solution by mass fraction, and the selenium nutrient solution is sprayed once every 6 days and continuously sprayed for 4 times, irrigated, turned over and managed for insect prevention;
(5) harvesting: digging out roots, removing stems, leaves and soil, drying in the sun until water is evaporated, and drying in the air to obtain the selenium-rich angelica.
Example 3
(1) Land preparation and fertilization: selecting the altitude of 2200-2400m, the annual rainfall of 570-650mm, the annual average temperature of 4.5-5.5 ℃, the annual average temperature of 7-8 months of 15-16 ℃, the soil is black soil or brown soil, the soil is fertile and loose, spreading mixed base fertilizer on the ground surface, and turning and leveling;
(2) seedling pretreatment: selecting seedlings with rough skins, long lateral roots and hard seedlings, soaking the selected seedlings in a sterilization liquid medicine for 20min after the seedlings are 2-6mm in length, wherein the sterilization liquid medicine is a mixed solution of 20 mass percent of phoxim and 16 mass percent of carbendazim, and then continuously soaking in a glucose solution for 12 mass percent and 10min to obtain pretreated seedlings;
(3) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the pretreated seedlings at equal row spacing from late 3 to early 4 months, wherein the row spacing is 35-40cm, the plant spacing is 16-20cm, the seedlings are transplanted into holes with the depth of 18-22cm and the width of 18-22cm, and 2-3 seedlings are transplanted into each hole;
(4) field management: weeding for the first time is carried out in 35-40 days of seedling transplantation, removing seedlings for the second time in 65-70 days of seedling transplantation, and applying fertilizer in the middle of 6 months, wherein the fertilizer comprises 45kg of urea, 18kg of potassium chloride, 1.6kg of sodium selenite, 35kg of monopotassium phosphate and 30kg of farmyard manure in parts by weight per mu of land. After fertilizing for 7-10 days, spraying selenium nutrient solution on the leaf surfaces, wherein the selenium nutrient solution is a sodium selenite aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 10%, and the selenium nutrient solution is sprayed once in 7 days and continuously sprayed for 3 times, and is irrigated, turned over and managed for insect prevention;
(5) harvesting: digging out roots, removing stems, leaves and soil, drying in the sun until water is evaporated, and drying in the air to obtain the selenium-rich angelica.
Comparative example 1
The planting method of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis in the comparative example is the same as that in the example 2, except that the seedlings in the step (2) are only soaked in the sterilization liquid medicine and are not continuously soaked in the glucose solution.
Comparative example 2
The planting method of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis in the comparative example is the same as that in the example 2, except that the selenium nutrient solution is not sprayed on the leaf surfaces in the step (4).
Test example 1
The contents of selenium and organic selenium in the selenium-enriched angelica planted in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1 and 2 were determined by atomic spectroscopy and morphological analysis, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Sample (I) | Selenium content (mg/kg)) | The content of organic selenium accounts for the mass fraction (%)% of the total selenium |
| Example 1 | 11300 | 82 |
| Example 2 | 12100 | 86 |
| Example 3 | 11700 | 84 |
| Comparative example 1 | 8600 | 43 |
| Comparative example 2 | 7900 | 39 |
As can be seen from the above table, the selenium nutrient solution treated by the glucose solution and sprayed on the leaf surface is beneficial to the absorption of the angelica to selenium, and the content of organic selenium is high.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. The planting method of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) land preparation and fertilization: selecting the altitude of 2200-2400m, the annual rainfall of 570-650mm, the annual average temperature of 4.5-5.5 ℃, the annual average temperature of 7-8 months of 15-16 ℃, the soil is black soil or brown soil, the soil is fertile and loose, spreading mixed base fertilizer on the ground surface, and turning and leveling;
(2) seedling pretreatment: selecting seedlings with rough epidermis, long lateral roots and hard seedling stems of 2-6mm, soaking the selected seedlings in the sterilization liquid medicine, and then continuously soaking in a glucose solution, wherein the mass fraction of the glucose solution is 8-12%, and the soaking time is 10-15min, so as to obtain pretreated seedlings;
(3) transplanting seedlings: transplanting the pretreated seedlings by adopting equal row spacing from late 3 to early 4 months, wherein the row spacing is 35-40cm, and the plant spacing is 16-20 cm;
(4) field management: applying a fertilizer in the middle ten days of 6 months, spraying a selenium nutrient solution on leaf surfaces after applying the fertilizer for 7-10 days, irrigating, turning soil and managing insect damage, wherein the fertilizer consists of 40-45 parts by weight of urea, 16-18 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 1.2-1.6 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 30-35 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate and 20-30 parts by weight of farmyard manure;
(5) harvesting: digging out roots, removing stems, leaves and soil, drying in the sun until water is evaporated, and drying in the air to obtain the selenium-rich angelica.
2. The planting method of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sterilization liquid medicine in the step (2) is a mixed solution of 15-20% by mass of phoxim and 12-16% by mass of carbendazim, and the soaking time is 20-30 min.
3. The planting method of Se-enriched angelica sinensis of claim 1, wherein in step (3), seedlings are transplanted into the holes with the depth of 18-22cm and the width of 18-22cm, and 2-3 seedlings are transplanted into each hole.
4. The planting method of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fertilizer in the step (4) comprises 42.5 parts by weight of urea, 17 parts by weight of potassium chloride, 1.4 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 32.5 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate and 25 parts by weight of farmyard manure.
5. The planting method of the selenium-rich angelica sinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selenium nutrient solution in the step (4) is a sodium selenite aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 5-10%.
6. The planting method of the selenium-enriched angelica sinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selenium nutrient solution in the step (4) is a sodium selenite aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 7.5%.
7. The planting method of selenium-rich angelica sinensis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the selenium nutrient solution is sprayed once every 5 to 7 days and continuously sprayed for 3 to 4 times.
8. The planting method of Se-enriched angelica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Se content in Se-enriched angelica is 11300-12100mg/kg, and the organic Se content accounts for 82-86% of the total Se content.
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