CN109601292A - A kind of method of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice - Google Patents
A kind of method of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/24—Compounds of alkaline earth metals, e.g. magnesium
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice, the steps include: the transformation of (1) irrigation facility and optimization；(2) rice field is left nothing usable to the invading enemy and is sterilized；(3) water plant breeding and maintenance；(4) natural bait early period biology is cultivated；(5) shrimp seedling, seed shrimp, which are launched, connects stubble with commercial sized prawn harvest and breeding；(6) feedstuff feeding and management；(7) water quality management and disease prevention and control；(8) breeding integrated management.Harvest a collection of shrimp seedling 3-4 month of the present invention, 4-6 month harvests first commercial sized prawn, 8-9 month harvests second batch commercial sized prawn, mid or late October harvests a collection of high quality paddy, improve shrimp rice under existing aquaculture model cannot abundant mutualism limitation, ecological resources are utilized simultaneously, promote the breeding ahead of time of cray large size seedling seed, avoid the problem that existing shrimp rice mode is made altogether or the output benefit of continuous cropping is low, the death rate is high, it makes full use of paddy ecosystem to carry out comprehensive breeding and green production, improves the benefit and quality of cray and paddy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to a kind of method of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice.
Background technique
Cray, scientific name are Procambius clarkii (Procambarus clarkii), originate in North America, 30 years 20th century
In generation, is passed to China.Cray Natural Population reproductive capacity is strong, can live in various waters, and feeding habits are in extensive range, is suitble to cultivation.Together
When, cray fine and tender taste, unique flavor, full of nutrition, the deep welcome by domestic and international market.
China propagates artificially being taken the lead in by Hubei Province within 2000 or so, spreads then to surrounding, removes Hubei, river now
Main support such as Soviet Union, Anhui, Jiangxi, Hunan saves especially, and Sichuan, Chongqing, Yunnan, Henan, Shandong, Zhejiang, Guangxi etc. save (area, city)
Cray cultivation is also gradually developing, and culturing area and area are expanding year by year, and by 2016, national cray cultivated the gross area
9,000,000 mu are alreadyd exceed, for total output up to 89.91 ten thousand tons, cray has become the mostly important cultivation economic freshwater shrimps in China.
Especially after paddy field is made altogether together with rice, " shrimp rice makees altogether " mode has obtained greatly pushing away cray in the whole nation
Extensively, the effect for playing " water is dual-purpose, double water are double green " is promoting agriculture synergy, is helping agriculture to increase income, meets in mass consumption demand and play
Remarkable effect.
Currently, the comprehensive breeding in rice field, which exists, cannot be neglected problems: existing cray and rice breeding mode compared with
To be simple, without adequately intersecting and coupling between production link, it is shrimp that rice, which is rice, shrimp, and breeding, breeding, pest and disease damage prevention and control do not have
There are sufficiently association and optimization, breeding process kind to expose various problems, sport technique segment sporadicly disperses, and does not form complete technology
System, therefore, current rice shrimp mode culture efficiency are low.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of sides of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice
Method, this method solve the limitations that existing aquaculture model is unable to the comprehensive breeding of duration crop rotation, while taking full advantage of ecology
Resource promotes the breeding ahead of time of cray large size seedling seed, avoids that existing rice field breeding is made altogether or the output benefit of continuous cropping is low
Under, the high problem of the death rate, make full use of paddy ecosystem to carry out comprehensive breeding and green production, improve cray and paddy
Benefit and quality.
Realize technical solution used by above-mentioned purpose of the present invention are as follows:
A kind of method of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice, includes the following steps:
1, the selection in rice field:
Selection water quality is good, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is good and the free of contamination rice field in periphery, the face in rice field
Product is 30-40 mus；
2, the transformation in rice field:
An annular ditch is excavated in rice field on the inside of rice field bank, constructs ditch Nei Geng and ditch respectively inside and outside annular ditch
Pre-buried water inlet pipe and drainpipe are distinguished in the outer ridge, the ridge is opposite outside ditch two sides, and build one at one jiao of rice field and annular ditch
Wide paths for tractors in the countryside；
Be laid with aeration oxygen replenishing disk among annular ditch bottom, aeration oxygen replenishing disk spacing is 15-20 meter/, micropore aeration pipe from
Ditch bottom 10-15cm, annular ditch carry out configuration roots blower by 0.2-0.3kw/ mus/ meter Shui Shen；
3, the preparation of rice field and annular ditch:
3-1, rice field and annular ditch disinfection and leave nothing usable to the invading enemy:
First season seed shrimp is launched first 1 month, intakes into annular ditch, when the depth of water reaches 50-60cm in annular ditch, with raw stone
Ash carries out disinfection and leaves nothing usable to the invading enemy, and the dosage of quick lime is 80-100kg/ mu, continues within 14-16 days to intake to the depth of water in rice field to 10-
It when 20cm, is carried out disinfection and is left nothing usable to the invading enemy with tea cake, the dosage of tea cake is 20-25kg/ mus；
The plantation of 3-2, water plant
The 1-2 month of current year water plant is transplanted in rice field and annular ditch, water plant (watermifoil or Yi Le first in annular ditch
Algae) transplanting require in annular ditch the depth of water 0.6-0.8 meter, continue to intake after 3-5 days, in rice field water plant (waterweed) transplant require rice
Water in field depth 10-20cm after water plant transplants 3-5, continues water inlet to depth of water 30-40cm in rice field；
4, the dispensing and harvest of first season cray:
By the end of March at the beginning of 4 months, uniformly launching shrimp seedling into annular ditch and rice field, shrimp seedling specification be 60-120 only/jin, put in a suitable place to breed
Density is 40-60 pounds/acre；
By the end of April to mid or late May harvest first season commercial sized prawn, during which capture daily specification be 30g or more cray into
Marketing is sold；
5, the plantation and harvest of rice:
Start to drain within 15 days before Rice Cropping, slowly draining 5-7 days, water level in annular ditch made to be lower than 0.2-0.3 meters of field face,
Depth of water 1.0-1.2 meters in annular ditch, mid or late June, the rice transplanting in rice field, rice transplanting takes slotting a line to stay the mode of a null；
Mid or late October gathers in rice；
6, second season cray being put in a suitable place to breed and harvests:
At the beginning of 7 months, shrimp seedling is launched into annular ditch, shrimp seedling specification is 60-100/jin, and breeding density is 30-40 pounds/acre,
Slow raising of water level is to Soil surface water depth 20-30cm；
Harvest the second season commercial sized prawn 8-9 month, the cray that capture specification is 30g or more is sold；
7, the cultivation and harvest of third quarter cray shrimp seedling:
By the end of September, close shrimp is launched in screening, and the breeding density of close shrimp is 30-40 pounds/acre, and controlling close shrimp female-male proportion is 3:1,
Early November, slowly water inlet to the rice field depth of water is 30-50cm, promotes close shrimp carrying juvenile prawn to appear and looks for food and grow；
Start to capture specification to be that 80-120 tail/jin cray shrimp seedling is sold mid-March next year；
8, the daily management of cray:
After first season cray shrimp seedling and second season cray shrimp seedling are launched, fed daily by shrimp seedling weight 4-6%
Artifical compound feed, morning 5-7 point are fed for the first time, and feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point fed second
Secondary, feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, the artifical compound feed nutritional ingredient that first season cray feeds are as follows: crude protein
30-32%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；Second season cray
The artifical compound feed nutritional ingredient fed are as follows: crude protein 30-32%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus
0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；
The close shrimp aquaculture stage is carried out feeding artifical compound feed, morning 5-7 point first daily by cray weight 2-3%
Secondary to feed, feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point was fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume,
The artifical compound feed nutritional ingredient in close shrimp aquaculture stage: crude protein 28-30%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%,
Available phosphorus 0.7%, calcium 2%, crude fibre 10%, coarse ash 13-15%；
The shrimp seed rearing stage is carried out feeding artifical compound feed, morning 5-7 point first daily by cray weight 1-3%
Secondary to feed, feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point was fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume,
The nutritional ingredient of the artifical compound feed in shrimp seed rearing stage: crude protein 32-35%, crude fat 4-6%, lysine 1.2-
1.4%, lecithin 1.5%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2%, crude fibre 10%, coarse ash 13-15%；
9, other are managed:
During cultivation, other management are as follows for first season cray, second season cray and third quarter cray:
It opens oxygen increasing equipment and carries out oxygenation, fine day 12 noon is increased for 12 points to 6 points of morning at 4 points in afternoon and at night
Oxygen, round-the-clock carry out oxygenation rainy days guarantee that breeding water body dissolved oxygen is consistently higher than 4mg/L；
According to rice field and annular ditch water quality situation, every the 1 new water of filling in 3-5 days, the depth for filling new water every time is 5-
6cm, every 15 days exchange rice fields and annular ditch cultivation water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water is the 25-35% in rice field and annular ditch total Water；
The cultivation water of rice field and annular ditch-water periodically use Chinese herbal medicine water disinfectant with the method for full pool spilling head or hanging bag into
Row kill and pre- anti-bacteria, daily observe cray ingest and activity condition, discovery disease check in time, diagnosing and treating.
Further, annular ditch cross section is trapezoidal, and annular ditch top width is 6-8 meters, and bottom width is 3-4 meters, depth
It is 1.5-1.8 meters.
Further, the filter screen of 10-30 mesh is respectively set in the exit of water inlet pipe and drainpipe, and the ridge is higher than field face in ditch
30-40cm, the outer ridge of ditch are higher than 1.2-1.5 meters of field face, the anti-escape network of setting 40-60cm high at the top of the outer ridge of ditch.
Further, in annular ditch water plant line-spacing be 4-6 meters, 8-10 meters of spacing in the rows, 12-15 meters of the line-spacing of water plant in rice field,
8-10 meters of spacing in the rows.
Further, the current year 3-4 month is carried out in the morning of fine day with biological organic fertilizer 7-10 days before the dispensing of first season shrimp seedling
Full pool spilling head, the dosage of biological organic fertilizer are 20-30 kgs/acre.
Further, before the release time of first season shrimp seedling is 9 points of the fine day morning, release time of second season shrimp seedling is early
Before 6 points of morning.
Further, when rice transplanting, 5-6 meters of rice shoot line width, 3-4 meters of null line width, rice shoot spacing in the rows is 30-40cm.
Further, after first season cray shrimp seedling and second season cray shrimp seedling are launched, until cray enters shell peak
2-3 days before phase, full pool spilling head was carried out according to 5-10ppm using water soluble fertilizer containing humic acid or nutrient synergist every 5-7 days.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention and effective it is:
1, the present invention take the lead at home and abroad successfully breaching rice field harvest every year 2 season commercial sized prawn, 1 season shrimp seedling and one season rice
The key of technology has originally carried out progress shrimp rice continuous cropping in 1 year in same paddy field in terms of the comprehensive plant breeding model in rice field
Make organic coupling altogether with shrimp rice and succeeds.
2, throwing shrimp seedling early period of the invention carries out rich water using organic bio-fertilizer and cultivates a large amount of natural bait biology, existing
Conducive to the growth and raising survival rate of shrimp seedling, and reduce rice field to fertilize, reduces cultivation and planting cost, improve small dragon
Shrimp yield, specification and quality.
3, cray different stages of growth of the invention use the artifical compound feed of Different Nutrition content, not only improve small
Demand of the lobster rapid growth stage to nutriment, and improve the utilization efficiency of feed nutrient, reduce residual bait and
Pollution of the excrement to breeding water body.
4, rice cultivation mode of the invention, rice cultivation carry out the mode for planting a line sky a line, enter rice for cray
Field is movable, look for food and eliminate weeds and pest provides sufficient space and place, while making full use of edge effect, both favorably
Growth in rice field reduces the medication in rice field again, reduces planting cost, produces green rice, improves rice quality.
5, of the invention that cray density and specification are rationally launched according to rice field ecology resource, it can be successfully by cray in 4-
Form within 5 weeks commercial sized prawn listing, the speed of growth is fast, and premunition is strong, and individual is big, high efficiency and stablize, for the comprehensive new mould of breeding of shrimp rice
Formula building provides theoretical foundation and practical experience.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram in rice field.
Wherein, the rice field 1-, 2-- annular ditch, the ridge, 4- the ditch outer ridge, 5- water inlet pipe, 6- drainpipe, 7- tractor road, 8- in 3- ditch
Paddy fields, 9- null area.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1
1, the selection in rice field:
Selection water quality is good, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is good and the free of contamination rice field in periphery, the face in rice field
Product is 30 mu；
2, the transformation in rice field:
As shown in Figure 1, excavating an annular ditch 2 in rice field 1 on the inside of rice field bank, 2 cross section of annular ditch is trapezoidal, annular
Ditch top width is 7.0 meters, and bottom width is 4.0 meters, and depth is 1.5 meters, is constructed in ditch respectively inside and outside annular ditch
The outer ridge 4 of the ridge 3 and ditch, the ridge 3 is higher than field face 30cm in ditch, and the outer ridge 4 of ditch is higher than 1.2 meters of field face, the opposite two sides side in the ridge 4 point outside ditch
Not pre-buried diameter is the water inlet pipe 5 and drainpipe 6 of 30cm, and the filtering of 20 mesh is respectively set in the exit of water inlet pipe and drainpipe
Net is escaped with preventing wild fishes from entering in rice field with cray, the anti-escape network of setting 40cm high at the top of the outer ridge of ditch, in rice field and ring
The wide paths for tractors in the countryside 7 that a width is 4.0 meters is built at one jiao of shape ditch；
It is laid with aeration oxygen replenishing disk (diameter 70cm) among annular ditch bottom, aeration oxygen replenishing disk spacing is 18 meters/, and micropore exposes
For tracheae (outer diameter 25mm, internal diameter 12mm) from ditch bottom 12cm, annular ditch carries out configuration roots blower by 0.2kw/ mus/ meter Shui Shen；
3, the preparation of rice field and annular ditch:
3-1, rice field and annular ditch disinfection and leave nothing usable to the invading enemy
First season seed shrimp is launched first 1 month, intakes into annular ditch, when the depth of water reaches 40cm in annular ditch, to annular ditch
Quick lime of inside splashing is left nothing usable to the invading enemy and is sterilized, and the dosage of quick lime is 100kg/ mus, continues within 15 days water inlet to the depth of water in rice field and arrives
When 20cm, the tea cake impregnated 24 hours of splashing into annular ditch and rice field carries out disinfection and leaves nothing usable to the invading enemy, and the dosage of tea cake is 25kg/
Mu；
The plantation of 3-2, water plant
On 2 18th, 2016, water plant is transplanted in rice field and annular ditch, water plant selects she of whole strain or 25-30cm stem section
Happy algae, waterweed transplanting requires 0.8 meter of the depth of water in annular ditch, and waterweed line-spacing is 4 meters, spacing in the rows continue after being 10 meters, 4 days into
Water, waterweed transplanting requires depth of water 20cm in rice field in rice field, and waterweed line-spacing is 20 meters, and spacing in the rows is 10 meters；
3-3, natural bait are cultivated:
On March 27th, 2016, in the morning of fine day, with biological organic fertilizer, (shrimp rice fertilizer 1, agricultural science and technology hair is enriched in Heilungkiang
Open up Co., Ltd) full pool spilling head is carried out, the dosage of biological organic fertilizer is 25 kgs/acre (by 1 meter of depth of water calculating), and application biology has
Machine fertilizer carries out cultivating a large amount of natural bait biology, provides natural bait biology abundant for cray shrimp seedling；
4, the dispensing and harvest of first season cray:
It is April 6, fine after natural bait biology cultivates abundance, before 9 points of the morning, into annular ditch and rice field
High-quality shrimp seedling is launched, shrimp seedling specification is 100/jin, and breeding density is 55 pounds/acre, is launched uniform as far as possible；
After shrimp seedling is launched, until shrimp seedling enters before shell peak period 2-3 days, every 6 days, water soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is used
(Wuhan is white to reach agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) carries out full pool spilling head according to 10ppm, promotes the smooth shell of cray, particularly promotion
Micronutrient element is absorbed and utilized in cray, and then enhancing development；
April 27 to May 18, harvest first season commercial sized prawn, during which catch every morning stay greatly it is small (specification be greater than 30g with
On cray) sold, mitigation deposit field pressure；
5, the plantation and harvest of rice:
Start to drain within 15 days before Rice Cropping, slowly draining 7 days, so that water level in rice field is lower than 0.2 meter of field face, in annular ditch
1.3 meters of the depth of water, June 18, the rice transplanting in rice field, rice transplanting takes slotting a line to stay the mode in a line field face, 4 meters of rice shoot line width, empty
Every trade is 4 meters wide, and rice shoot spacing in the rows is 30cm, forms paddy fields 8 and null area 9；
Gathered in rice October 21；
6, second season cray being put in a suitable place to breed and harvests:
Before 6 points of morning, high-quality shrimp seedling was launched into annular ditch July 11, shrimp seedling specification is 70/jin, breeding density
It is 40 pounds/acre, slow raising of water level to Soil surface water depth 30cm；
After shrimp seedling is launched, until shrimp seedling enters before shell peak period 2-3 days, every 6 days, water soluble fertilizer containing humic acid is used
(Wuhan is white to reach agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) carries out full pool spilling head according to 10ppm, promotes the smooth shell of cray, particularly promotion
Micronutrient element is absorbed and utilized in cray, and then enhancing development；
August 5 days to September 18th, second season commercial sized prawn is harvested, the cray that capture specification is 30g or more is sold；
7, the cultivation and harvest of third quarter cray shrimp seedling:
September 25 days, close shrimp was launched in screening, and the breeding density of close shrimp is 30 pounds/acre, and controlling close shrimp female-male proportion is 3:1, promoted
It digs a hole and overwintering, on November 5th, 2016 into mating the parent shrimps, slowly water inlet to the rice field depth of water is 40cm, and close shrimp is promoted to carry juvenile prawn
It appears and looks for food and grow；
On April 15,15 days to 2017 March in 2017, start capture specification be 80-120 tail/jin cray shrimp seedling into
Marketing is sold；
8, the daily management of cray:
After first season cray shrimp seedling and second season cray shrimp seedling are launched, fed daily by shrimp seedling weight 4-6%
Artifical compound feed, morning 5-7 point are fed for the first time, and feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point fed second
Secondary, feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, and the artifical compound feed that first season cray feeds (adds increasingly aquatic products purchased from Qianjiang
Feed corporation,Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016) nutritional ingredient are as follows: crude protein 30-32%, crude fat 3-5%,
Lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；The artifical compound feed that second season cray feeds
(adding increasingly aquatic feeds Co., Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016 purchased from Qianjiang) nutritional ingredient are as follows: crude protein
28-30%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；
It in the close shrimp aquaculture stage, carries out feeding artifical compound feed by cray weight 2-3% daily and (adds increasingly purchased from Qianjiang
Aquatic feeds Co., Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016), morning 5-7 point is fed for the first time, and it is total that feeding volume accounts for day
The 30% of feeding volume, afternoon, 6-7 point was fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, and artifical compound feed is mainly sought
It forms and is divided into: crude protein 28-30%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.7%, calcium 2%, crude fibre
10%, coarse ash 13-15%；
It in the shrimp seed rearing stage, carries out feeding artifical compound feed by cray weight 1-3% daily and (adds increasingly purchased from Qianjiang
Aquatic feeds Co., Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016), morning 5-7 point is fed for the first time, and it is total that feeding volume accounts for day
The 30% of feeding volume, afternoon, 6-7 point fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, the shrimp seed rearing stage it is artificial
Mixed feed main nutrient composition: crude protein 32-35%, crude fat 4-6%, lysine 1.2-1.4%, lecithin 1.5%, have
Imitate phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2%, crude fibre 10%, coarse ash 13-15%.
9, other are managed:
During cultivation, other management are as follows for first season cray, second season cray and third quarter cray:
It opens oxygen increasing equipment and carries out oxygenation, fine day 12 noon is increased for 12 points to 6 points of morning at 4 points in afternoon and at night
Oxygen, round-the-clock carry out oxygenation rainy days guarantee that breeding water body dissolved oxygen is consistently higher than 4mg/L；
According to rice field and annular ditch-water water quality situation, every the 1 new water of filling in 3 days, the depth for filling new water every time is
6cm, every 15 days exchange rice fields and annular ditch cultivation water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water is the 30% of rice field and annular ditch total Water；
Breeding water body periodically uses Chinese herbal medicine (Sanhuang San, Bao Kang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, agricultural university, Wuhan City) water disinfectant
The method of full pool spilling head or hanging bag carry out kill and pre- anti-bacteria, daily observe cray ingest and activity condition, discovery disease
Evil inspection, diagnosing and treating in time.
Embodiment 2
1, the selection in rice field:
Selection water quality is good, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is good and the free of contamination rice field in periphery, the face in rice field
Product is 50 mu；
2, the transformation in rice field:
An annular ditch is excavated in rice field on the inside of rice field bank, annular ditch cross section is trapezoidal, and annular ditch top width is
6.0 meters, bottom width is 3.5 meters, and depth is 1.4 meters, constructs the ridge outside ditch Nei Geng and ditch, ditch respectively inside and outside annular ditch
It is 35cm that the height on the interior ridge, which is higher than field face, and the height on the outer ridge of ditch is higher by 1.5 meters of field face, and in the two opposite sides ditch Wai Geng, difference is pre-buried straight
Diameter is the water inlet pipe and drainpipe of 30cm, and the filter screen of 20 mesh is respectively set in the exit of water inlet pipe and drainpipe, to prevent open country
Trash fish enters in rice field and cray escapes, the anti-escape network of setting 50cm high at the top of the outer ridge of ditch, at one jiao of rice field and annular ditch
Build the wide paths for tractors in the countryside that a width is 4.5 meters in place；
It is laid with aeration oxygen replenishing disk (diameter 60cm) among annular ditch bottom, aeration oxygen replenishing disk spacing is 20 meters/, and micropore exposes
For tracheae (outer diameter 25mm, internal diameter 12mm) from ditch bottom 10cm, annular ditch carries out configuration roots blower by 0.3kw/ mus/ meter Shui Shen；
3, the preparation of rice field and annular ditch:
3-1, rice field and annular ditch disinfection and leave nothing usable to the invading enemy
First season seed shrimp is launched first 1 month, intakes into annular ditch, when the depth of water reaches 60cm in annular ditch, to annular ditch
Quick lime of inside splashing is left nothing usable to the invading enemy and is sterilized, and the dosage of quick lime is 90kg/ mus, continues within 15 days water inlet to the depth of water in rice field and arrives
When 20cm, the tea cake impregnated 24 hours of splashing into annular ditch and rice field carries out disinfection and leaves nothing usable to the invading enemy, and the dosage of tea cake is 25kg/
Mu；
The plantation of 3-2, water plant
On 2 21st, 2017, water plant is transplanted in rice field and annular ditch, water plant selects she of whole strain or 25-30cm stem section
Happy algae, waterweed transplanting requires 0.6 meter of the depth of water in annular ditch, and waterweed line-spacing is 3.5 meters, spacing in the rows continue after being 10 meters, 4 days into
Water, waterweed transplanting requires depth of water 20cm in rice field in rice field, and waterweed line-spacing is 15 meters, and spacing in the rows is 10 meters；
3-4, natural bait are cultivated:
On March 29th, 2017, in the morning of fine day, with biological organic fertilizer, (shrimp rice fertilizer 1, agricultural science and technology hair is enriched in Heilungkiang
Open up Co., Ltd) full pool spilling head is carried out, the dosage of biological organic fertilizer is 25 kgs/acre (by 1 meter of depth of water calculating), and application biology has
Machine fertilizer carries out cultivating a large amount of natural bait biology, provides natural bait biology abundant for cray shrimp seedling；
4, the dispensing and harvest of first season cray:
It is April 9, fine after natural bait biology cultivates abundance, before 9 points of the morning, into annular ditch and rice field
High-quality shrimp seedling is launched, shrimp seedling specification is 80/jin, and breeding density is 50 pounds/acre, is launched uniform as far as possible；
After shrimp seedling is launched, until shrimp seedling enters before shell peak period 2-3 days, every 6 days, (the Wuhan of synergist containing nutrient is used
It is white to reach agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) according to 5ppm progress full pool spilling head, promote the smooth shell of cray, particularly promotes cray
Micronutrient element is absorbed and utilized, and then enhancing development；
April 29 to May 20, harvest first season commercial sized prawn, during which catch every morning stay greatly it is small (specification be greater than 30g with
On cray) sold, mitigation deposit field pressure；
5, the plantation and harvest of rice:
Start to drain within 15 days before Rice Cropping, slowly draining 7 days, so that water level in rice field is lower than 0.2 meter of field face, in annular ditch
1.3 meters of the depth of water, June 21, the rice transplanting in rice field, rice transplanting takes slotting a line to stay the mode in a line field face, 4 meters of rice shoot line width, empty
Every trade is 4 meters wide, and rice shoot spacing in the rows is 40cm；
Gathered in rice October 25；
6, second season cray being put in a suitable place to breed and harvests:
Before 6 points of morning, high-quality shrimp seedling was launched into annular ditch July 8, shrimp seedling specification is 90/jin, breeding density
It is 40 pounds/acre, slow raising of water level to Soil surface water depth 30cm；
After shrimp seedling is launched, until shrimp seedling enters before shell peak period 2-3 days, every 6 days, (the Wuhan of synergist containing nutrient is used
It is white to reach agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd) according to 5ppm progress full pool spilling head, promote the smooth shell of cray, particularly promotes cray
Micronutrient element is absorbed and utilized, and then enhancing development；
August 5 days to September 18th, second season commercial sized prawn is harvested, the cray that capture specification is 30g or more is sold；
7, the cultivation and harvest of third quarter cray shrimp seedling:
September 25 days, close shrimp was launched in screening, and the breeding density of close shrimp is 30 pounds/acre, and controlling close shrimp female-male proportion is 3:1, water
It needs to keep rice field depth of water 20cm after rice harvesting, promotes mating the parent shrimps to dig a hole and overwintering, on November 7th, 2017, slowly water inlet to rice
Water in field depth is 40cm, promotes close shrimp carrying juvenile prawn to appear and looks for food and grow；
8, the daily management of cray:
After first season cray shrimp seedling and second season cray shrimp seedling are launched, fed daily by shrimp seedling weight 4-6%
Artifical compound feed, morning 5-7 point are fed for the first time, and feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point fed second
Secondary, feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, and the artifical compound feed that first season cray feeds (adds increasingly aquatic products purchased from Qianjiang
Feed corporation,Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016) nutritional ingredient are as follows: crude protein 30-32%, crude fat 3-5%,
Lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；The artifical compound feed that second season cray feeds
(adding increasingly aquatic feeds Co., Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016 purchased from Qianjiang) nutritional ingredient are as follows: crude protein
28-30%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；
It in the close shrimp aquaculture stage, carries out feeding artifical compound feed by cray weight 2-3% daily and (adds increasingly purchased from Qianjiang
Aquatic feeds Co., Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016), morning 5-7 point is fed for the first time, and it is total that feeding volume accounts for day
The 30% of feeding volume, afternoon, 6-7 point fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, the close shrimp aquaculture stage it is artificial
Mixed feed main nutrient composition: crude protein 28-30%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.7%, calcium
2%, crude fibre 10%, coarse ash 13-15%；
It in the shrimp seed rearing stage, carries out feeding artifical compound feed by cray weight 1-3% daily and (adds increasingly purchased from Qianjiang
Aquatic feeds Co., Ltd, product standard number: Q/JYJ001-2016), morning 5-7 point is fed for the first time, and it is total that feeding volume accounts for day
The 30% of feeding volume, afternoon, 6-7 point was fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, man-made feeds Major Nutrient: thick
Protein 32-35%, crude fat 4-6%, lysine 1.2-1.4%, lecithin 1.5%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2%, crude fibre
10%, coarse ash 13-15%.
9, other are managed:
During cultivation, other management are as follows for first season cray, second season cray and third quarter cray:
It opens aeration oxygen replenishing disk and roots blower and carries out oxygenation, 12 points at 4 points in afternoon and at night of fine day 12 noon to morning
6 points of progress oxygenation of morning, round-the-clock carry out oxygenation rainy days guarantee that breeding water body dissolved oxygen is consistently higher than 4mg/L；
According to rice field and annular ditch-water water quality situation, every the 1 new water of filling in 3 days, the depth for filling new water every time is
6cm, every 15 days exchange rice fields and annular ditch cultivation water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water is the 30% of rice field and annular ditch total Water；
Breeding water body periodically uses Chinese herbal medicine (Sanhuang San, Bao Kang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, agricultural university, Wuhan City) water disinfectant
The method of full pool spilling head or hanging bag carry out kill and pre- anti-bacteria, daily observe cray ingest and activity condition, discovery disease
Evil inspection, diagnosing and treating in time.
The production of first season commercial sized prawn, second season commercial sized prawn, paddy in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 and third quarter shrimp seedling
Energy and income are as shown in the table:
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
The selection of 1-1, rice field:
Selection water quality is good, have abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is good and the free of contamination rice field in periphery, the area in rice field are
30-40 mus；
The transformation of 1-2, rice field:
An annular ditch is excavated in rice field on the inside of rice field bank, is constructed outside ditch Nei Geng and ditch respectively inside and outside annular ditch
Pre-buried water inlet pipe and drainpipe are distinguished in the ridge, the ridge is opposite outside ditch two sides, and build one at one jiao of rice field and annular ditch
Wide paths for tractors in the countryside；
Aeration oxygen replenishing disk is laid among annular ditch bottom, aeration oxygen replenishing disk spacing is 15-20 meter/, and micropore aeration pipe is from annular
Ditch bottom 10-15cm, annular ditch carry out configuration roots blower by 0.2-0.3kw/ mus/ meter Shui Shen；
The preparation of 1-3, rice field and annular ditch:
1-3-1, rice field and annular ditch disinfection and leave nothing usable to the invading enemy:
First season seed shrimp is launched preceding 1 month, intakes into annular ditch, when the depth of water is up to 50-60cm in annular ditch, with quick lime into
It row disinfection and leaves nothing usable to the invading enemy, the dosage of quick lime is 80-100kg/ mu, continues to intake after 14-16 days to the depth of water in rice field to 10-20cm
When, it is carried out disinfection and is left nothing usable to the invading enemy with tea cake, the dosage of tea cake is 20-25kg/ mus；
The plantation of 1-3-2, water plant
The 1-2 month of current year water plant is transplanted in rice field and annular ditch, water plant transplanting requires the depth of water in annular ditch in annular ditch
0.6-0.8 meters, continue to intake after 3-5 days, after water plant transplanting requires depth of water 10-20cm in rice field, water plant to transplant 3-5 in rice field,
Continue water inlet to depth of water 30-40cm in rice field；
The dispensing and harvest of 1-4, first season cray:
By the end of March at the beginning of 4 months, uniformly launching shrimp seedling into annular ditch and rice field, shrimp seedling specification be 60-120 only/jin, breeding density
It is 40-60 pounds/acre；
By the end of April to mid or late May, first season commercial sized prawn is harvested, the cray that specification is 30g or more is during which captured daily and carries out pin
It sells；
The plantation and harvest of 1-5, rice:
Start to drain within 15 days before Rice Cropping, slowly draining 5-7 days, water level in annular ditch is made to be lower than 0.2-0.3 meters of field face, annular
Depth of water 1.0-1.2 meters in ditch, mid or late June, the rice transplanting in rice field, rice transplanting takes slotting a line to stay the mode of a null；
Mid or late October gathers in rice；
1-6, second season cray being put in a suitable place to breed and harvest:
At the beginning of 7 months, shrimp seedling is launched into annular ditch, shrimp seedling specification is 60-100/jin, and breeding density is 30-40 pounds/acre, slowly
Raising of water level is to Soil surface water depth 20-30cm；
Harvest the second season commercial sized prawn 8-9 month, the cray that capture specification is 30g or more is sold；
The cultivation and harvest of 1-7, third quarter cray shrimp seedling:
By the end of September, close shrimp is launched in screening, and the breeding density of close shrimp is 30-40 pounds/acre, and controlling close shrimp female-male proportion is 3:1, November
In the first tenday period of a month, slowly water inlet to the rice field depth of water is 30-50cm, promotes close shrimp carrying juvenile prawn to appear and looks for food and grow；
Start to capture specification to be that 80-120 tail/jin cray shrimp seedling is sold mid-March next year；
The daily management of 1-8, cray:
After first season cray shrimp seedling and second season cray shrimp seedling are launched, feed by shrimp seedling weight 4-6% daily artificial
Mixed feed, morning 5-7 point are fed for the first time, and feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point was fed second, are thrown
The amount of feeding accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, the artifical compound feed nutritional ingredient that first season cray feeds are as follows: crude protein 30-
32%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；Second season cray is thrown
The artifical compound feed nutritional ingredient fed are as follows: crude protein 30-32%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, available phosphorus
0.8%, calcium 2% and crude fibre 8%；
The close shrimp aquaculture stage is carried out feeding artifical compound feed daily by cray weight 2-3%, and morning 5-7 point is thrown for the first time
Hello, feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point was fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, close shrimp
The artifical compound feed nutritional ingredient of cultivation stages: crude protein 28-30%, crude fat 3-5%, lysine 1.1-1.3%, effectively
Phosphorus 0.7%, calcium 2%, crude fibre 10%, coarse ash 13-15%；
The shrimp seed rearing stage is carried out feeding artifical compound feed daily by cray weight 1-3%, and morning 5-7 point is thrown for the first time
Hello, feeding volume accounts for the 30% of day total feeding volume, and afternoon, 6-7 point was fed second, and feeding volume accounts for the 70% of day total feeding volume, shrimp seedling
The nutritional ingredient of the artifical compound feed of breeding phase: crude protein 32-35%, crude fat 4-6%, lysine 1.2-1.4%, ovum
Phosphatidase 1 .5%, available phosphorus 0.8%, calcium 2%, crude fibre 10%, coarse ash 13-15%；
1-9, other management:
During cultivation, other management are as follows for first season cray, second season cray and third quarter cray:
Open oxygen increasing equipment and carry out oxygenation, fine day 12 noon at 4 points in afternoon and at night 12 points to 6 points of progresss oxygenation of morning, it is negative
Rainy day round-the-clock carry out oxygenation guarantees that breeding water body dissolved oxygen is consistently higher than 4mg/L；
According to rice field and annular ditch water quality situation, every the 1 new water of filling in 3-5 days, the depth for filling new water every time is 5-6cm,
Every 15 days exchange rice fields and annular ditch cultivation water 1 time, quantity of exchanged water is the 25-35% in rice field and annular ditch total Water；
The cultivation water of rice field and annular ditch-water is periodically killed with Chinese herbal medicine water disinfectant in the method for full pool spilling head or hanging bag
Go out and pre- anti-bacteria, daily observe cray ingest and activity condition, discovery disease check in time, diagnosing and treating.
2. the method for the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: annular ditch cross section is in
Trapezoidal, annular ditch top width is 6-8 meters, and bottom width is 3-4 meters, and depth is 1.5-1.8 meters.
3. the method for the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: water inlet pipe and drainpipe
Exit the filter screen of 10-30 mesh is respectively set, the ridge is higher than field face 30-40cm in ditch, and the outer ridge of ditch is higher than field face 1.2-1.5
Rice, the anti-escape network of the outer ridge top setting 40-60cm high of ditch.
4. the method for the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: water plant in annular ditch
Line-spacing be 4-6 meters, 8-10 meters of spacing in the rows, 12-15 meters of the line-spacing of water plant in rice field, 8-10 meters of spacing in the rows.
5. the method for the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: month current year 3-4, first
7-10 days before the dispensing of season shrimp seedling, full pool spilling head is carried out with biological organic fertilizer in the morning of fine day, the dosage of biological organic fertilizer is 20-
30 kgs/acre.
6. the method for the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the throwing of first season shrimp seedling
It puts before the time is 9 points of the fine day morning, before release time of second season shrimp seedling is 6 points of morning.
7. the method for the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when rice transplanting, seedling
5-6 meters of seedling line width, 3-4 meters of null line width, rice shoot spacing in the rows is 30-40cm.
8. the method for the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first season cray shrimp
After seedling and second season cray shrimp seedling are launched, until cray enters before shell peak period 2-3 days, every 5-7 days using containing humic
Sour water soluble fertilizers or nutrient synergist are according to 5-10ppm progress full pool spilling head.
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| CN107047409A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-18 | 华中农业大学 | Do sth. in advance mating system in a kind of rice field of spring cray large size seedling seed |
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| CN111543268A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-08-18 | 南县亮景苑生态农业发展有限公司 | Green and efficient comprehensive shrimp and rice planting and breeding method |
| CN111903453A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-11-10 | 华中农业大学 | Breeding and separating method for crayfishes in rice field |
| CN111758630A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-13 | 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding crayfish and controlling blue algae in rice field by utilizing microporous aeration oxygenation |
| CN111903577A (en) * | 2020-08-17 | 2020-11-10 | 华中农业大学 | Method for breeding, separating and planting large-size finished crayfishes |
| CN112293323A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-02-02 | 成都市农林科学院 | Paddy field-based lobster breeding method |
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| CN113396787A (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-09-17 | 安徽公牛农业发展有限公司 | Symbiotic natural enemy-preventing green three-dimensional planting and breeding method for rice and shrimps |
| CN113455431A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-01 | 华中农业大学 | Grass-free efficient clean three-dimensional shrimp breeding method |
| CN113841643A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2021-12-28 | 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 | Rapid breeding method of paddy field shrimps |
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