CN107047409A - Do sth. in advance mating system in a kind of rice field of spring cray large size seedling seed - Google Patents

Do sth. in advance mating system in a kind of rice field of spring cray large size seedling seed Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107047409A
CN107047409A CN201710270755.7A CN201710270755A CN107047409A CN 107047409 A CN107047409 A CN 107047409A CN 201710270755 A CN201710270755 A CN 201710270755A CN 107047409 A CN107047409 A CN 107047409A
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water
field
rice
rice field
cray
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CN107047409B (en
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顾泽茂
胡骞
金玉立
胡瑞雪
柳阳
翟艳花
刘静霞
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Wuhan Xuyu Aquatic Technology Co.,Ltd.
Huazhong Agricultural University
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Huazhong Agricultural University
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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Abstract

Do sth. in advance the steps such as mating system, including irrigation facility transformation, pasture and water breeding, parent's dispensing, feedstuff feeding, water quality management and water table management the invention discloses a kind of rice field of spring cray large size seedling seed.The present invention can breed out big specification cray seedling in early three months in spring, so as to avoid the peak period of disease outburst, improve the yield and quality of cray cultivation.The overall accounting of more than 5g big specification cray seedling is brought up to more than 40% by the present invention simultaneously, and can significantly improve the total output of cray seedling, with larger ecology, economic and social benefit.

Description

Do sth. in advance mating system in a kind of rice field of spring cray large size seedling seed
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture field, and in particular to the mating system of cray seed.
Background technology
Cray scientific name Procambius clarkii, originate in North America, 1930s incoming China, be now distributed widely in China And as the Yangtze river basin and the important economic freshwater crust breed variety of Basin of Huaihe River.Cray delicious flavour, in the last few years, with The development of food and drink process technology, cray enters the dining table of huge numbers of families, as popular aquatic products delicacies, thus led Domestic consumption demand is caused to steeply rise, its cultivation scale also expands rapidly.At present, the cultivation of cray mainly uses low-lying Rice field, cold immersed field etc. carry out rice field and integrate breeding, and this plant breeding model both meets Stabilizing Grain Output, farmers' income is improved again, With good ecological benefits, economic benefit and social benefit.
High-quality seed and disease prevention and control are always the guarantee that aquaculture develops in a healthy way.At present, the seed source of cray Mainly the seeding-growth of natural water and propagate " hatchery juveniles " of natural breed in water body artificially, seeding-growth day in the case of excessively capturing Benefit falls sharply, and " hatchery juveniles " are influenceed very big by natural conditions, breeding water body.Therefore, the seed of cray turns into industry development The bottleneck factor;In addition, the disease of harm cray healthy aquaculture is mainly guttate morphea syndrome (WSSV), the disease explosion time It is concentrated mainly on the 5-6 months.Result of study shows that at this moment the breeding of phase (25 DEG C or so of water temperature) and infection ability are most strong by WSSV, When water temperature rises to 30 DEG C or so, virus virulence declines, and disease can also be reduced.If cray is cultivated and arrived by that before May Listing specification, it is possible to avoid disease from breaking out peak.However, the mating the parent shrimps spawning of cray concentrates on 9-October, pure day Shrimp seedling is main in the case of so reaches 5g in 3-April of next year, and cultivation could be listed to 5-June.Therefore, to avoid cray disease Onset and concentrate time of listing, can be by breeding big specification shrimp seedling ahead of time and reaching this purpose.The present invention is exactly By a series of measures, the method for establishing the seed for breeding big specification ahead of time in rice field.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortage of rice field spring shrimp seedling output increased practice technology, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of spring is small Raising technology is done sth. in advance in the rice field of lobster large size seedling seed, and this method can do sth. in advance shrimp seedling and go out the pool time, and provides stable big rule Lattice high-quality seed.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
Raising technology is done sth. in advance in a kind of rice field of spring cray large size seedling seed, is comprised the following steps:
(1) irrigation facility is transformed:Selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong and the pollution-free source in periphery rice Field, the circular grooves of wide 4-5 meters 1.5-2 meters of depth are excavated along ridge inner side, are excavated between Tanaka wide 1.5-2 meters, 1-1.5 meter of depth " one " font field ditch;Field platform surrounding edge builds field Nei Geng 40 centimetres high, and the soil of ditching is used to widen, increase ridge, makes it Higher than 70-80 centimetres of field platform, pre-buried drainpipe in rice field, and prevent wild fishes from entering rice field, field in drainpipe outlet screening sieve Set asbestos shingle or plastic sheeting anti-escape on the ridge;
(2) pasture and water breeding:Transplant pasture and water annual 1-March in rice field and circular groove, pasture and water select whole strain or 15-20 centimetres of stems Pasture and water, which are transplanted, in the waterweed of section, circular groove requires 1-1.5 meter of the circular groove depth of water, transplants at intervals of 4-5 meters;Pasture and water, which are transplanted, in rice field wants 10-15 centimetres of the depth of water in rice field are sought, are transplanted at intervals of 2.5 × 5 meters;
(3) parent delivers:It is 30-50 grams of parent lobster in circular groove to deliver body weight by 20-30 jin every mu in annual 7-August In, it is 3 to control parent's female and male ratio:1;Also may be selected 3-April by every mu 40-60 jin deliver body weight for 4-7g juvenile prawn in In rice field, cultivate to 30 grams to stay in June and be parent;
(4) feedstuff feeding:Man-made feeds are fed by the 3-5% of juvenile prawn body weight when starting daily afternoon 5 mid-February, directly To shrimp seedling harvest mid-March, the composition and weight proportion of man-made feeds are:Crude protein 30%, crude fat 5%, lysine 1.15%th, phosphorus 1%, calcium 2%, crude fibre 8%, crude ash content 15%, surplus are water;
(5) water quality management:Fermentation muck is administered once a month in 1-2 month, amount of application is 100 jin every mu, cultivates rice field Planktonic organism, increases water column stability and reduces moss;Monthly carry out once bottom to change, it is to avoid rice straw is rotted and lobster excrement Just accumulation makes water quality deterioration and keeps water quality pH 7-8.5;The morning and evening 3-6 months each extraction water 3 hours, water impact of drawing water water surface shape Into miniflow water, rainy weather should substitute water in advance, dissolved oxygen is maintained at more than 3 mg/litres, it is to avoid the generation of floating head phenomenon;
(6) water table management:Rice Cropping the last fortnight starts to discharge water, and the lobster having had no harvest is entered in the circular groove of rice field, Discharging water slowly should avoid shrimp from being dug a hole in rice field;Upper water keeps 20-30 centimetres of water level in paddy field after rice harvesting, promotes close shrimp to exist Low water level digs a hole mating, keeps 20-30 centimetres of water level to survive the winter;Increase water level in paddy field in early Febuary to 40 centimetres to promote to dig a hole In-laws shrimp carries juvenile prawn and appeared, and makes shrimp seedling do sth. in advance to start growth of ingesting.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) big specification cray seedling can be bred out in early three months in spring using the method for the present invention, so as to avoid disease The peak period of outburst, improves the yield and quality of cray cultivation.
(2) the overall accounting of more than 5g big specification cray seedling is brought up to more than 40% by the present invention, and can be significantly improved The total output of cray seedling.
(3) operation is simple, ecological efficient by the present invention, is suitable for the popularization of produce reality, with larger ecological, warp Ji and social benefit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of irrigation facility transformation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below;It should be appreciated that be preferable to carry out case only for Illustrate the present invention, the protection domain being not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
(1) irrigation facility is transformed:Selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong and the pollution-free source in periphery rice Field, the circular grooves of wide 4-5 meters 1.5-2 meters of depth are excavated along ridge inner side, are excavated between Tanaka wide 1.5-2 meters, 1-1.5 meter of depth The effect of " one " font field ditch, circular groove and field ditch be easy for close shrimp dug a hole under deeper water level breeding and survive the winter;Field platform Surrounding edge builds field Nei Geng 40 centimetres high, and the soil of ditching is used to widen, increase ridge, makes it higher than 70-80 centimetres of field platform, rice Pre-buried drainpipe in field, and prevent wild fishes enters from asbestos shingle or plastics are set on rice field, ridge in drainpipe outlet screening sieve Film is anti-escape;
(2) pasture and water breeding:Transplant pasture and water annual 1-March in rice field and circular groove, pasture and water select whole strain or 15-20 centimetres of stems Pasture and water, which are transplanted, in the waterweed of section, circular groove requires 1-1.5 meter of the circular groove depth of water, transplants at intervals of 4-5 meters;Pasture and water, which are transplanted, in rice field wants 10-15 centimetres of the depth of water in rice field are sought, are transplanted at intervals of 2.5 × 5 meters;
(3) parent delivers:It is 30-50 grams of parent lobster in circular groove to deliver body weight by 20-30 jin every mu in annual 7-August In, it is 3 to control parent's female and male ratio:1;Also may be selected 3-April by every mu 40-60 jin deliver body weight for 4-7g juvenile prawn in In rice field, cultivate to 30 grams to stay in June and be parent;
(4) feedstuff feeding:Man-made feeds are fed by the 3-5% of juvenile prawn body weight when starting daily afternoon 5 mid-February, directly To shrimp seedling harvest mid-March, the composition and weight proportion of man-made feeds are:Crude protein 30%, crude fat 5%, lysine 1.15%th, phosphorus 1%, calcium 2%, crude fibre 8%, crude ash content 15%, surplus are water, are stirred and evenly mixed;
(5) water quality management:Fermentation muck is administered once a month in 1-2 month, amount of application is 100 jin every mu, cultivates rice field Planktonic organism, increases water column stability and reduces moss;Monthly carry out once bottom to change, it is to avoid rice straw is rotted and lobster excrement Just accumulation makes water quality deterioration and keeps water quality pH 7-8.5;The morning and evening 3-6 months each extraction water 3 hours, water impact of drawing water water surface shape Into miniflow water, rainy weather should substitute water in advance, dissolved oxygen is maintained at more than 3 mg/litres, it is to avoid the generation of floating head phenomenon;
(6) water table management:Rice Cropping the last fortnight starts to discharge water, and the lobster having had no harvest is entered in the circular groove of rice field, Discharging water slowly should avoid shrimp from being dug a hole in rice field;Upper water keeps 20-30 centimetres of water level in paddy field after rice harvesting, promotes close shrimp to exist Low water level digs a hole mating, keeps 20-30 centimetres of water level to survive the winter;Increase water level in paddy field in early Febuary to 40 centimetres to promote to dig a hole In-laws shrimp carries juvenile prawn and appeared, and makes shrimp seedling do sth. in advance to start growth of ingesting.
Reference examples:The cray seed bred according to a conventional method.
Experimental group 1 and control group 1 started harvesting since March 10, and statistics March 10 to emergence peak phase March 25 compares Example 1 and the harvesting shrimp seedling number of embodiment 1 and specification, as a result as shown in table 1 and table 2.
Table 1:Shrimp seedling harvesting amount is contrasted
Index Experimental group 1 Control group 1
Total output 940.0kg 836.3kg
Unit catch (single cage daily be averaged harvesting amount) 1.81kg 1.30kg
Table 2:Shrimp seedling specification is contrasted
Specification (ratio) Experimental group 1 Control group 1
>15g 5% 2.4%
10-15g 10% 7.9%
5-10g 27% 16%
<5g 58% 73.7%

Claims (1)

1. mating system is done sth. in advance in a kind of rice field of spring cray large size seedling seed, it is characterised in that comprised the following steps:
(1) irrigation facility is transformed:Selection is had abundant water resources, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water holding capacity is strong and the pollution-free source in periphery rice field, edge Wide 4-5 meters, deep 1.5-2 meters circular groove is excavated on the inside of ridge, wide 1.5-2 meters, deep 1-1.5 meter " one " font is excavated between Tanaka Field ditch;Field platform surrounding edge builds field Nei Geng 40 centimetres high, and the soil of ditching is used to widen, increase ridge, makes it higher than field platform 70-80 centimetres, pre-buried drainpipe in rice field, and prevent wild fishes from entering setting on rice field, ridge in drainpipe outlet screening sieve Asbestos shingle or plastic sheeting are anti-escape;
(2) pasture and water breeding:Transplant pasture and water annual 1-March in rice field and circular groove, pasture and water select whole strain or 15-20 centimetres of stem sections Pasture and water, which are transplanted, in waterweed, circular groove requires 1-1.5 meter of the circular groove depth of water, transplants at intervals of 4-5 meters;Pasture and water are transplanted and require rice in rice field Water in field is deep 10-15 centimetres, transplants at intervals of 2.5 × 5 meters;
(3) parent delivers:It is 30-50 grams of parent lobster in circular groove to deliver body weight by 20-30 jin every mu in annual 7-August, It is 3 to control parent's female and male ratio:1;Also it may be selected to deliver juvenile prawn of the body weight for 4-7g in rice by 40-60 jin every mu in 3-April Tanaka, cultivates to 30 grams to stay in June and is parent;
(4) feedstuff feeding:Man-made feeds are fed by the 3-5% of juvenile prawn body weight when starting daily afternoon 5 mid-February, until March The middle ten days shrimp seedling is harvested, and the composition and weight proportion of man-made feeds are:Crude protein 30%, crude fat 5%, lysine 1.15%, phosphorus 1%th, calcium 2%, crude fibre 8%, crude ash content 15%, surplus are water;
(5) water quality management:Fermentation muck is administered once a month in 1-2 month, amount of application is 100 jin every mu, cultivates rice field and swims Biology, increases water column stability and reduces moss;Monthly carry out once bottom to change, it is to avoid rice straw is rotted and lobster excrement product It is tired to make water quality deterioration and keep water quality pH 7-8.5;The morning and evening 3-6 months each extraction water 3 hours, water impact of the drawing water water surface forms micro- Flowing water, rainy weather should substitute water in advance, dissolved oxygen is maintained at more than 3 mg/litres, it is to avoid the generation of floating head phenomenon;
(6) water table management:Rice Cropping the last fortnight starts to discharge water, and the lobster having had no harvest is entered in the circular groove of rice field, discharges water Slowly shrimp should be avoided to be dug a hole in rice field;Upper water keeps 20-30 centimetres of water level in paddy field after rice harvesting, promotes close shrimp in low water Position is dug a hole mating, and 20-30 centimetres of water level of holding is survived the winter;Increase water level in paddy field in early Febuary to 40 centimetres to promote the in-laws that dig a hole Shrimp carries juvenile prawn and appeared, and makes shrimp seedling do sth. in advance to start growth of ingesting.
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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109601292A (en) * 2018-07-03 2019-04-12 华中农业大学 A kind of method of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice
CN109952987A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-02 长江大学 It is a kind of to control the pond culturing system and method that cray spring and summer autumn persistently emerges
CN110973026A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-10 江苏省淡水水产研究所 Method for breeding crayfish seedlings in advance
CN111758633A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-13 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 Batch ecological breeding method for rice field crayfishes
CN111758632A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-13 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 Method for breeding and raising rice field crayfish in early autumn
CN111771791A (en) * 2020-07-16 2020-10-16 徐州市水产技术推广站 Method for ecologically breeding crayfishes in rice field
CN111903453A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-11-10 华中农业大学 Breeding and separating method for crayfishes in rice field
CN112753630A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-05-07 华中农业大学 Method for breeding shrimp fries in autumn and application
CN113854212A (en) * 2021-10-29 2021-12-31 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 Directional cultivation method for crayfish seedlings
CN114342751A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-04-15 华中农业大学 Rice and shrimp co-culture method capable of improving rice maturity uniformity
CN115362965A (en) * 2022-08-12 2022-11-22 南京农业大学 Soil slope structure for breeding crayfishes in paddy field without circular ditches and using method of soil slope structure

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CN106305558A (en) * 2016-10-29 2017-01-11 天津蕴华农业科技发展有限公司 Method for culturing lobster in rice field

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109601292A (en) * 2018-07-03 2019-04-12 华中农业大学 A kind of method of the comprehensive breeding of green high-efficient shrimp rice
CN109952987A (en) * 2019-04-02 2019-07-02 长江大学 It is a kind of to control the pond culturing system and method that cray spring and summer autumn persistently emerges
CN110973026A (en) * 2019-12-12 2020-04-10 江苏省淡水水产研究所 Method for breeding crayfish seedlings in advance
CN111903453A (en) * 2020-06-28 2020-11-10 华中农业大学 Breeding and separating method for crayfishes in rice field
CN111758633A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-13 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 Batch ecological breeding method for rice field crayfishes
CN111758632A (en) * 2020-07-14 2020-10-13 和县明信水产养殖专业合作社 Method for breeding and raising rice field crayfish in early autumn
CN111771791A (en) * 2020-07-16 2020-10-16 徐州市水产技术推广站 Method for ecologically breeding crayfishes in rice field
CN112753630A (en) * 2021-01-12 2021-05-07 华中农业大学 Method for breeding shrimp fries in autumn and application
CN114342751A (en) * 2021-09-23 2022-04-15 华中农业大学 Rice and shrimp co-culture method capable of improving rice maturity uniformity
CN113854212A (en) * 2021-10-29 2021-12-31 海南归耘田农业科技有限公司 Directional cultivation method for crayfish seedlings
CN115362965A (en) * 2022-08-12 2022-11-22 南京农业大学 Soil slope structure for breeding crayfishes in paddy field without circular ditches and using method of soil slope structure

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