CN109496768A - A kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN109496768A CN109496768A CN201910014380.7A CN201910014380A CN109496768A CN 109496768 A CN109496768 A CN 109496768A CN 201910014380 A CN201910014380 A CN 201910014380A CN 109496768 A CN109496768 A CN 109496768A
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- sprout
- peat
- rosewood
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- yellow soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
- A01G22/67—Dwarf trees, e.g. bonsai
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings, including step A, seed collection to store；Step B, seedbed is handled；Step C, pre-treatment is sowed；Step D, it sows；Step E, management after planting；Step F, sprout transplanting and management；Step G, shoot cutting.It is at low cost, easy to operate, germination percentage is high the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is using mechanical breaking-wall method method and impregnates the method that combines and breaks rosewood seed dormancy.The processing in seedbed of the present invention makes the sprout fast growing, strong of rosewood, is conducive to the growth in rosewood later period.The treated spray high survival rate that cutting propagation is chosen, well developed root system are suitble to expand the select tree elite stand of numerous shape that has specific characteristics, or make up nursery needs when seed lacks.The present invention has good economic benefit and social benefit, is suitble to promote the use of.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for culturing seedlings, specially a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings belongs to method for culturing seedlings application technology
Field.
Background technique
Rosewood is pulse family red bean platymiscium, evergreen dungarunga or arbor, up to 13 meters, national second class protection plant in imminent danger
Object, China endemic species.Rosewood wood structure is thin, uniformly, and weight is medium, and hardness is moderate, resistance to rotten, be production top-grade furniture,
The high-grade commerical tree species of the preciousness of technique engraving and specialty decor product.Rosewood is even more a kind of excellent afforestation ornamental tree species,
Its tree performance is graceful, and the four seasons are emerald green, and full-blown flowers are completely set, and pod is spat red, can be used as shade tree, shade tree, isolated planting avenue system, group planting are suitable
Preferably.Since material is excellent, the big tree of rosewood is cut down more, and natural renovation is bad.Its distributed area is narrow, slow growth, to ecology
Environmental requirement is harsh, and with the destruction of ecological environment, wild resource is less and less.Due to denudating and lacking protective awareness, at present
Rosewood is based on being sporadicly distributed, mostly seedling, seedling, and the above nursery stock of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground 15cm is less, and the standing forest being distributed in flakes is rare, adds
The research of the rare tree is protected by force, grasps the efficient raising technology of rosewood to its protection of resources utilization, artificial cultivation ten
Divide necessity.
However traditional rosewood method for culturing seedlings there are many deficiencies place, it is specific as follows:
A, traditional rosewood method for culturing seedlings low efficiency, first sow after because rosewood seed kind skin hard and compact,
Permeable breathable is poor, causes germination percentage low, and high using acid and alkali corrosion seed costs, technical risk is big, is not easy to promote.
B, nursery stock transplanting is difficult, and slow growth or stagnation after transplanting, cutting propagation survival rate is low, and rarely seen Root cutting reproduction report
Road.In consideration of it, the present invention proposes a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings, have the following characteristics that
(1) present invention is conducive to improve the germination percentage of rosewood using the method that mechanical breaking-wall method method and immersion combine, and has
Conducive to the suspend mode for breaking through rosewood, keep the germination effect of rosewood more preferable, the processing in seedbed of the present invention keeps the sprout of rosewood raw
Length is quick, strong, is conducive to the growth in rosewood later period.
(2) the spray high survival rate that the present invention is chosen using cutting propagation, well developed root system are suitble to expand numerous shape that has specific characteristics
Select tree elite stand, or nursery needs when seed lacks are made up, there are good economic benefit and social benefit, is suitble to promote the use of.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is that a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings is provided to solve the above-mentioned problems, it is broken using machinery
Wall method and the germination percentage for impregnating the method raising rosewood combined, are conducive to the suspend mode for breaking through rosewood seed, make rosewood
Germination effect it is more preferable, the processing in seedbed of the present invention makes the sprout fast growing of rosewood, strong, is conducive to the rosewood later period
Growth；The spray high survival rate that the present invention uses cutting propagation to choose, well developed root system are suitble to the select tree for expanding numerous shape that has specific characteristics female
Tree, or nursery needs when seed lacks are made up, there are good economic benefit and social benefit, is suitble to promote the use of.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose, a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings, comprising the following steps:
Step A, seed collection is stored: seed is harvested in mid-November, artificial abate, pod is put to dry in the shade at shady and cool ventilation,
It is packed into plastic bag sealing after seed screening impurity elimination, shading is stored at room temperature, and is laid equal stress on every 30 days or so opening sack ventilation half an hour
Novel sealing；
Step B, seedbed is handled: selecting width for the seedbed of 120cm, high 15cm, medium of seedling bed is by surface layer, upper layer, middle layer
It is formed with bottom；Wherein:
Surface layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil and is formed by decomposed husk, peat, decomposed husk, peat, yellow soil
Volume ratio be 1:3:6；
Upper layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 4:6；
Middle layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 3:7；
The all yellow soils of bottom；
Step C, it sows pre-treatment: since seed exosper is finer and close, sowing after being handled, planted with small scissors
Kind of a skin is cut in sub- one end, keeps endosperm exposed, length 2-3mm, and wound needs to be placed on room temperature using seed after mechanical breaking-wall method far from hilum
It soaks seed 48 hours in clear water, changed that water is primary every 12 hours, the carbendazim solution of effective component content 625mg/kg is added in water
Disinfection；
Step D, it sows: by the end of March at the beginning of -4 months, taking the seed for handling completion in step C to be sowed, be seeded in seedbed
Or be directly seeded in bore be 15cm, be highly 18cm beauty plant bag in, beauty plant bag in depth of planting be 3cm, seeding in nursery bed be spread
It is sowed in overlayer matrix, about 450 Li/㎡, surface layer matrix is covered after broadcasting sowing；
Step E, management after planting: after planting sprinkling profoundly water and sterilize, and builds plastics Small plastic shed moisturizing heating；After planting arrive
Seeding stage frequently sprays water, and pours weekly primary permeable, and other times keep matrix surface layer wet, opens when temperature is up to 25 DEG C or more
Small plastic shed both ends plastic foil is aerated cooling；It with effective ingredient concentration is every other week 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl after emergence
Solution or 625mg/kg carbendazim solution rotation are sprayed with controlling disease；
Step F, sprout transplanting and management: sprout can transplant after putting on display 2 leaf, 1 bud, pull out sprout with wide 2cm bamboo chip, repair
Transplanting is to cultivation container seedlings after going too long, and Light media container, which is selected, thickeies non-woven bag (120g/ ㎡), and diameter 15cm is high
18cm is spent, matrix formulations are yellow soil, peat and the wooden chaff composition, wherein yellow soil: peat: the wooden chaff is 3:5 according to volume ratio:
2；3 kilograms of mouthful Ai Beishi Controlled Release Fertilizer is added in every cubic metre of substrate material, transplanting the previous day drenches the seedbed water at dusk；
Sprout neatly puts container after transplanting, vessel clearance 8cm, upper cover shade net, and 70% or more sunshade sprays one comprehensively
Secondary root water sufficiently contacts sprout root system to improve survival rate with matrix；Such as the rainy day, do not have to water spray, and opens shady net, every
It is that 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl solution and 625mg/kg carbendazim solution prevent seedling that rotation, which sprays effective ingredient concentration, after 3-5 days
The wooden disease；After 15-20 days, when nursery stock transplanting survives and takes out hair young leaves, remove shady net, spray a liquid fertilizer weekly, urea or
Person compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%-0.5%；Mid-September stops fertilising, promotes young sprout lignifying, is conducive to overwintering；
Step G, shoot cutting:
Branch selection, select the elite stand age 10 years or more, robust growth no disease and pests harm is pruned prior to season of growth the previous year
1-2 times, promote branch childrenization, after the sprouting at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March next year sprout before clip semi-lignified branch, it is excessively tender to cut off terminal bud
Part, cuttings length 12cm, top at least retain an axillary bud, by branch cutting in matrix, depth 6cm；Cutting medium by
2:1:1 is mixed by volume for yellow soil, peat, perlite；
Cutting is handled, vaseline is smeared to the branch upper end wound trimmed and avoids bacterium, fungal infection
With reduce moisture loss, and use effective ingredient concentration for 500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate root-growing agent impregnate fringe bar base portion 3 hours；Cuttage
After sprinkle profoundly water and come into full contact with matrix with fringe bar, plastics Small plastic shed, the same sprout cultivating of specification, shady net sunshade 30% are built in seedbed；
Spray cooling and combination sunshade, venting practice above canopy when temperature is higher than 35 DEG C in Small plastic shed；After fringe bar opens up young leaves and takes root
It gradually opens arched shed plastic foil, remove sunshade net, spray a liquid fertilizer, urea or compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%- weekly
0.5%.
Specifically, in the treatment process of the seedbed the step B be laid with matrix surface layer with a thickness of 0.5-1cm, the thickness on upper layer
Degree is 1-3cm, intima-media thickness 3-10cm, underlayer thickness are less than 10cm.
Slow-release fertilizer 2kg/m is added when specifically, being laid with upper layer in the treatment process of the seedbed the step B3, slow-release fertilizer it is complete
Nitrogen content is 180g/ ㎏, and available phosphorus content is 80g/ ㎏, and full potassium content is 80g/ ㎏.
Specifically, in the step F sprout transplanting and management process in, fine day transplant sprout when, should on a small quantity repeatedly,
Completion is transplanted within 1 hour with the sprout risen is advisable, and rainy weather can be more, but needs to complete transplanting work on the day of,
When fine day is transplanted, moisturizing on the vinyl disc of storage sprout is covered on using wet towel etc..
Specifically, the step F transplants sprout method are as follows: hold small bamboo chip, the long 15-20cm of bamboo chip, wide 2cm, top is cut
At pointed；Small bamboo chip tip is inserted into Light media container, depth 3-4cm, double swerve exits bamboo chip, and sprout is planted into appearance
In device, matrix is backfilled light pressure, sprout root system and matrix is allowed to be in close contact by righting sprout；Sprout is trimmed greater than 5cm with scissors
Root system prevents nest root.
Specifically, matrix formulations are that yellow soil, peat and the wooden chaff form in the step F sprout transplanting and management,
In, yellow soil: peat: the wooden chaff is 3:5:2 according to volume ratio；The wooden chaff is using preceding needing to handle by stack retting.
Specifically, matrix formulations are yellow soil, peat and perlite composition, wherein yellow in the step G shoot cutting
Cubsoil: peat: perlite is 2:1:1 according to volume ratio.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention improves the germination percentage of rosewood using the method that mechanical breaking-wall method method and immersion combine, and is conducive to dash forward
The suspend mode of broken rosewood, keeps the germination effect of rosewood more preferable, the processing in seedbed of the present invention make the sprout fast growing of rosewood,
It is strong, be conducive to the growth in rosewood later period.
(2) the spray high survival rate that the present invention is chosen using cutting propagation, well developed root system are suitble to expand numerous shape that has specific characteristics
Select tree elite stand, or nursery needs when seed lacks are made up, there are good economic benefit and social benefit, is suitble to promote the use of.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
Refering to Figure 1, a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings, comprising the following steps:
Step A, seed collection is stored: seed is harvested in mid-November, artificial abate, pod is put to dry in the shade at shady and cool ventilation,
It is packed into plastic bag sealing after seed screening impurity elimination, shading is stored at room temperature, and is laid equal stress on every 30 days or so opening sack ventilation half an hour
Novel sealing；
Step B, seedbed is handled: selecting width for the seedbed of 120cm, high 15cm, medium of seedling bed is by surface layer, upper layer, middle layer
It is formed with bottom；Wherein:
Surface layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil and is formed by decomposed husk, peat, decomposed husk, peat, yellow soil
Volume ratio be 1:3:6；
Upper layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 4:6；
Middle layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 3:7；
The all yellow soils of bottom；
Step C, it sows pre-treatment: since seed exosper is finer and close, sowing after being handled, planted with small scissors
Kind of a skin is cut in sub- one end, keeps endosperm exposed, length 2-3mm, and wound needs to be placed on room temperature using seed after mechanical breaking-wall method far from hilum
It soaks seed 48 hours in clear water, changed that water is primary every 12 hours, the carbendazim solution of effective component content 625mg/kg is added in water
Disinfection；
Step D, it sows: by the end of March at the beginning of -4 months, taking the seed for handling completion in step C to be sowed, be seeded in seedbed
Or be directly seeded in bore be 15cm, be highly 18cm beauty plant bag in, beauty plant bag in depth of planting be 3cm, seeding in nursery bed be spread
It is sowed in overlayer matrix, about 450 Li/㎡, surface layer matrix is covered after broadcasting sowing；
Step E, management after planting: after planting sprinkling profoundly water and sterilize, and builds plastics Small plastic shed moisturizing heating；After planting arrive
Seeding stage frequently sprays water, and pours weekly primary permeable, and other times keep matrix surface layer wet, opens when temperature is up to 25 DEG C or more
Small plastic shed both ends plastic foil is aerated cooling；It with effective ingredient concentration is every other week 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl after emergence
Solution and 625mg/kg carbendazim solution rotation are sprayed with controlling disease；
Step F, sprout transplanting and management: sprout can transplant after putting on display 2 leaf, 1 bud, pull out sprout with wide 2cm bamboo chip, repair
Transplanting is to cultivation container seedlings after going too long, and Light media container, which is selected, thickeies non-woven bag (120g/ ㎡), and diameter 15cm is high
18cm is spent, matrix formulations are yellow soil, peat and the wooden chaff composition, wherein yellow soil: peat: the wooden chaff is 3:5 according to volume ratio:
2；3 kilograms of mouthful Ai Beishi Controlled Release Fertilizer is added in every cubic metre of substrate material, transplanting the previous day drenches the seedbed water at dusk；
Sprout neatly puts container after transplanting, vessel clearance 8cm, upper cover shade net, and 70% or more sunshade sprays one comprehensively
Secondary root water sufficiently contacts sprout root system to improve survival rate with matrix；Such as the rainy day, do not have to water spray, and opens shady net, every
It is that 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl solution and 625mg/kg carbendazim solution prevent seedling that rotation, which sprays effective ingredient concentration, after 3-5 days
The wooden disease；After 15-20 days, when nursery stock transplanting survives and takes out hair young leaves, remove shady net, spray a liquid fertilizer weekly, urea or
Person compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%-0.5%；Mid-September stops fertilising, promotes young sprout lignifying, is conducive to overwintering；
Step G, shoot cutting:
Branch selection, select the elite stand age 10 years or more, robust growth no disease and pests harm is pruned prior to season of growth the previous year
1-2 times, promote branch childrenization, after the sprouting at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March next year sprout before clip semi-lignified branch, it is excessively tender to cut off terminal bud
Part, cuttings length 12cm, top at least retain an axillary bud, by branch cutting in matrix, depth 6cm；Cutting medium by
2:1:1 is mixed by volume for yellow soil, peat, perlite；
Cutting is handled, vaseline is smeared to the branch upper end wound trimmed and avoids bacterium, fungal infection
With reduce moisture loss, and use effective ingredient concentration for 500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate root-growing agent impregnate fringe bar base portion 3 hours；Cuttage
After sprinkle profoundly water and come into full contact with matrix with fringe bar, plastics Small plastic shed, the same sprout cultivating of specification, shady net sunshade 30% are built in seedbed；
Spray cooling and combination sunshade, venting practice above canopy when temperature is higher than 35 DEG C in Small plastic shed；After fringe bar opens up young leaves and takes root
It gradually opens arched shed plastic foil, remove sunshade net, spray a liquid fertilizer, urea or compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%- weekly
0.5%.
Specifically, surface layer with a thickness of 0.5-1cm, upper layer it is thick with a thickness of 1-3cm, intima-media thickness 3-10cm, bottom
Degree is less than 10cm.
Slow-release fertilizer 2kg/m is added when specifically, being laid with upper layer in the treatment process of the seedbed the step B3, slow-release fertilizer it is complete
Nitrogen content is 180g/ ㎏, and available phosphorus content is 80g/ ㎏, and full potassium content is 80g/ ㎏.
Specifically, in the step F sprout transplanting and management process in, fine day transplant sprout when, should on a small quantity repeatedly,
Completion is transplanted within 1 hour with the sprout risen is advisable, and rainy weather can be more, but needs to complete transplanting work on the day of,
When fine day is transplanted, moisturizing on the vinyl disc of storage sprout is covered on using wet towel etc..
Specifically, the step F transplants sprout method are as follows: hold small bamboo chip, the long 15-20cm of bamboo chip, wide 2cm, top is cut
At pointed；Small bamboo chip tip is inserted into Light media container, depth 3-4cm rocks from side to side, exits bamboo chip, sprout is planted into appearance
In device, matrix is backfilled light pressure, sprout root system and matrix is allowed to be in close contact by righting sprout；Sprout main root, which is greater than 5cm, can use scissors
Trimming, prevents nest root.
Embodiment two:
A kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings, comprising the following steps:
Step A, seed collection is stored: seed is harvested in mid-November, artificial abate, pod is put to dry in the shade at shady and cool ventilation,
It is packed into plastic bag sealing after seed screening impurity elimination, shading is stored at room temperature, and is laid equal stress on every 30 days or so opening sack ventilation half an hour
Novel sealing；
Step B, seedbed is handled: selecting width for the seedbed of 120cm, high 15cm, medium of seedling bed is by surface layer, upper layer, middle layer
It is formed with bottom；Wherein,
Surface layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil and is formed by decomposed husk, peat, decomposed husk, peat, yellow soil
Volume ratio be 1:3:6；
Upper layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 4:6；
Middle layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 3:7；
The all yellow soils of bottom；
Step C, it sows pre-treatment: since seed exosper is finer and close, sowing after being handled, planted with small scissors
Kind of a skin is cut in sub- one end, keeps endosperm exposed, length 2-3mm, and wound needs to be placed on room temperature using seed after mechanical breaking-wall method far from hilum
It soaks seed 48 hours in clear water, changed that water is primary every 12 hours, the carbendazim solution of effective component content 625mg/kg is added in water
Disinfection；
Step D, it sows: by the end of March at the beginning of -4 months, taking the seed for handling completion in step C to be sowed, be seeded in seedbed
Or be directly seeded in bore be 15cm, be highly 18cm beauty plant bag in, depth of planting 3cm is broadcasted sowing, about 450 Li/㎡, upper
Layer matrix covers surface layer matrix after scattering seeds；
Step E, management after planting: after planting sprinkling profoundly water and sterilize, and builds plastics Small plastic shed moisturizing heating；After planting arrive
Seeding stage will frequently spray water, and pour weekly primary permeable, and other times keep matrix surface layer wet, take off when temperature is up to 25 DEG C or more
It opens Small plastic shed both ends plastic foil and is aerated cooling；It with effective ingredient concentration is every other week 700mg/kg methyl sulfur bacterium after emergence
Clever solution or 625mg/kg carbendazim solution rotation are sprayed with controlling disease；
Step F, sprout transplanting and management: sprout can transplant after putting on display 2 leaf, 1 bud, pull out sprout with wide 2cm bamboo chip, repair
Transplanting is to cultivation container seedlings after going too long, and Light media container, which is selected, thickeies non-woven bag (120g/ ㎡), and diameter 15cm is high
18cm is spent, matrix formulations are yellow soil, peat and the wooden chaff composition, wherein yellow soil: peat: the wooden chaff is 3:5 according to volume ratio:
2；The wooden chaff adds 3 kilograms of mouthful Ai Beishi Controlled Release Fertilizer, transplanting the previous day using preceding needing to handle by stack retting in every cubic metre of substrate material
Water is drenched the seedbed at dusk；Sprout neatly puts container after transplanting, vessel clearance 8cm, upper cover shade net, sunshade 70% with
On, a root water is sprayed comprehensively, and sprout root system is sufficiently contacted with matrix to improve survival rate；Such as the rainy day, do not have to water spray, and
Shady net is opened, spraying effective ingredient concentration comprehensively after 3-5 days is 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl solution or the more bacterium of 625mg/kg
Clever solution prevents nursery stock disease；After 15-20 days, when nursery stock transplanting survives and takes out hair young leaves, shady net is removed, is sprayed weekly primary
Liquid fertilizer, urea or compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%-0.5%；Mid-September stops fertilising, promotes young sprout lignifying, is conducive to overwintering；
Step G, shoot cutting:
Branch selection, select the elite stand age 10 years or more, robust growth no disease and pests harm is pruned prior to season of growth the previous year
1-2 times, promote branch childrenization, after the sprouting at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March next year sprout before clip semi-lignified branch, it is excessively tender to cut off terminal bud
Part, cuttings length 12cm, top at least retain an axillary bud, by branch cutting in matrix, depth 6cm；Cutting medium by
2:1:1 is mixed by volume for yellow soil, peat, perlite；
Cutting is handled, vaseline is smeared to the branch upper end wound trimmed and avoids bacterium, fungal infection
With reduce moisture loss, and use effective ingredient concentration for 500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate root-growing agent impregnate fringe bar base portion 3 hours；Cuttage
After sprinkle profoundly water and come into full contact with matrix with fringe bar, plastics Small plastic shed, the same sprout cultivating of specification, shady net sunshade 30% are built in seedbed；
Spray cooling and combination sunshade, venting practice above canopy when temperature is higher than 35 DEG C in Small plastic shed；After fringe bar opens up young leaves and takes root
It gradually opens arched shed plastic foil, remove sunshade net, spray a foliar fertilizer, urea or compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%- weekly
0.5%.
Specifically, surface layer with a thickness of 0.5-1cm, upper layer it is thick with a thickness of 1-3cm, intima-media thickness 3-10cm, bottom
Degree is less than 10cm.
Slow-release fertilizer 2kg/m is added when specifically, being laid with upper layer in the treatment process of the seedbed the step B3, slow-release fertilizer it is complete
Nitrogen content is 180g/ ㎏, and available phosphorus content is 80g/ ㎏, and full potassium content is 80g/ ㎏.
Specifically, in the step F sprout transplanting and management process in, fine day transplant sprout when, should on a small quantity repeatedly,
Completion is transplanted within 1 hour with the sprout risen is advisable, and rainy weather can be more, but needs to complete transplanting work on the day of,
When fine day is transplanted, moisturizing on the vinyl disc of storage sprout is covered on using wet towel etc..
Specifically, the step F transplants sprout method are as follows: hold small bamboo chip, the long 15-20cm of bamboo chip, wide 2cm, top is cut
At pointed；Small bamboo chip tip is inserted into Light media container, depth 3-4cm rocks from side to side, exits bamboo chip, sprout is planted into appearance
In device, matrix is backfilled light pressure, sprout root system and matrix is allowed to be in close contact by righting sprout；Sprout main root, which is greater than 5cm, can use scissors
Trimming, prevents nest root.
Embodiment three:
A kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings, comprising the following steps:
Step A, seed collection is stored: seed is harvested in mid-November, artificial abate, pod is put to dry in the shade at shady and cool ventilation,
It is packed into plastic bag sealing after seed screening impurity elimination, shading is stored at room temperature, and is laid equal stress on every 30 days or so opening sack ventilation half an hour
Novel sealing；
Step B, seedbed is handled: selecting width for the seedbed of 120cm, high 15cm, medium of seedling bed is by surface layer, upper layer, middle layer
It is formed with bottom；Wherein,
Surface layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil and is formed by decomposed husk, peat, decomposed husk, peat, yellow soil
Volume ratio be 1:3:6；
Upper layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 4:6；
Middle layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 3:7；
The all yellow soils of bottom；
Step C, it sows pre-treatment: since seed exosper is finer and close, sowing after being handled, planted with small scissors
Kind of a skin is cut in sub- one end, keeps endosperm exposed, length 2-3mm, and wound needs to be placed on room temperature using seed after mechanical breaking-wall method far from hilum
It soaks seed 48 hours in clear water, changed that water is primary every 12 hours, the carbendazim solution of effective component content 625mg/kg is added in water
Disinfection；
Step D, it sows: by the end of March at the beginning of -4 months, taking the seed for handling completion in step C to be sowed, be seeded in seedbed
Or be directly seeded in bore be 15cm, be highly 18cm beauty plant bag in, depth of planting 3cm is broadcasted sowing, about 450 Li/㎡, upper
Layer matrix covers surface layer matrix after scattering seeds；
Step E, management after planting: after planting sprinkling profoundly water and sterilize, and builds plastics Small plastic shed moisturizing heating；After planting arrive
Seeding stage will frequently spray water, and pour weekly primary permeable, and other times keep matrix surface layer wet, take off when temperature is up to 25 DEG C or more
It opens Small plastic shed both ends plastic foil and is aerated cooling；It with effective ingredient concentration is every other week 700mg/kg methyl sulfur bacterium after emergence
Clever solution or 625mg/kg carbendazim solution rotation are sprayed with controlling disease；
Step F, sprout transplanting and management: sprout can transplant after putting on display 2 leaf, 1 bud, pull out sprout with wide 20mm bamboo chip, repair
Transplanting is to cultivation container seedlings after going too long, and Light media container, which is selected, thickeies non-woven bag (120g/ ㎡), and diameter 15cm is high
18cm is spent, matrix formulations are yellow soil, peat and the wooden chaff composition, wherein yellow soil: peat: the wooden chaff is 3:5 according to volume ratio:
2；The wooden chaff adds 3 kilograms of mouthful Ai Beishi Controlled Release Fertilizer, transplanting the previous day using preceding needing to handle by stack retting in every cubic metre of substrate material
Water is drenched the seedbed at dusk；
Sprout neatly puts container after transplanting, vessel clearance 8cm, upper cover shade net, and 70% or more sunshade sprays one comprehensively
Secondary root water sufficiently contacts sprout root system to improve survival rate with matrix；Such as the rainy day, do not have to water spray, and opens shady net, every
Spraying effective ingredient concentration after 3-5 days comprehensively is that 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl solution or 625mg/kg carbendazim solution prevent seedling
The wooden disease；After 15-20 days, when nursery stock transplanting survives and takes out hair young leaves, remove shady net, spray a liquid fertilizer weekly, urea or
Person compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%-0.5%；Mid-September stops fertilising, promotes young sprout lignifying, is conducive to overwintering；
Step G, shoot cutting:
Branch selection, select the elite stand age 10 years or more, robust growth no disease and pests harm is pruned prior to season of growth the previous year
1-2 times, promote branch childrenization, after the sprouting at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March next year sprout before clip semi-lignified branch, it is excessively tender to cut off terminal bud
Part, cuttings length 12cm, top at least retain an axillary bud, by branch cutting in matrix, depth 6cm；Cutting medium by
2:1:1 is mixed by volume for yellow soil, peat, perlite；
Cutting is handled, vaseline is smeared to the branch upper end wound trimmed and avoids bacterium, fungal infection
With reduce moisture loss, and use effective ingredient concentration for 500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate root-growing agent impregnate fringe bar base portion 3 hours；Cuttage
After sprinkle profoundly water and come into full contact with matrix with fringe bar, plastics Small plastic shed, the same sprout cultivating of specification, shady net sunshade 30% are built in seedbed；
Spray cooling and combination sunshade, venting practice above canopy when temperature is higher than 35 DEG C in Small plastic shed；After fringe bar opens up young leaves and takes root
It gradually opens arched shed plastic foil, remove sunshade net, spray a foliar fertilizer, urea or compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%- weekly
0.5%.
Specifically, surface layer with a thickness of 0.5-1cm, upper layer it is thick with a thickness of 1-3cm, intima-media thickness 3-10cm, bottom
Degree is less than 10cm.
Slow-release fertilizer 2kg/m is added when specifically, being laid with upper layer in the treatment process of the seedbed the step B3, slow-release fertilizer it is complete
Nitrogen content is 180g/ ㎏, and available phosphorus content is 80g/ ㎏, and full potassium content is 80g/ ㎏.
Specifically, in the step F sprout transplanting and management process in, fine day transplant sprout when, should on a small quantity repeatedly,
Completion is transplanted within 1 hour with the sprout risen is advisable, and rainy weather can be more, but needs to complete transplanting work on the day of,
When fine day is transplanted, moisturizing on the vinyl disc of storage sprout is covered on using wet towel etc..
Specifically, the step F transplants sprout method are as follows: hold small bamboo chip, the long 15-20cm of bamboo chip, wide 2cm, top is cut
At pointed；Small bamboo chip tip is inserted into Light media container, depth 3-4cm rocks from side to side, exits bamboo chip, sprout is planted into appearance
In device, matrix is backfilled light pressure, sprout root system and matrix is allowed to be in close contact by righting sprout；Sprout main root, which is greater than 5cm, can use scissors
Trimming, prevents nest root.
Broken skin experiment, test method are carried out to seed, comprising the following steps:
1, health, full seed 900 are taken, is randomly divided into 3 parts, 300 every part；
2,300 seeds are taken, with small scissors far from breaking exosper at hilum and being packed into nylon net bag, separately take 300
Seed is directly loadable into nylon net bag.Seed soaking is implemented to two bags of seeds；
3, seed soaking liquid be Wen Qingshui, 40 DEG C of initial temperature.Total seed soaking time 48 hours, it is primary to change water every 12 hours,
Carbendazim disinfection is added in water；
4, two same containers are taken to pour into warm clear water, each container is put into one bag and soaks seed.The two Timing synchronization carries out；
5, soak seed after the completion of, seed is pulled out slightly dry in the shade after sow；
6, mechanical breaking-wall method warm water is impregnated into seed, non-mechanical breaking-wall method warm water impregnates seed and it is each etc. not do any processing seed
It is divided into 3 parts, 100 every part.Successively blockette is sowed on seedbed, every block 100, is carried out number registration, is repeated 3 times altogether；
7, after planting 50 days, investigation emergence quantity calculated emergence rate；
Test result: mechanical breaking-wall method warm water impregnates 286 plants of seed sprouting, and non-mechanical breaking-wall method warm water impregnates seed sprouting 118
Strain, does not do any 102 plants of processing seed sprouting, bud ratio is respectively 95%, 39%, 34%.
The more traditional method for culturing seedlings nursery of the rosewood of three method for culturing seedlings nursery of embodiment one, embodiment two and embodiment
Rosewood growth is more preferable, and transplanting survival rate of nursery stocks is higher, and anti-severe cold environment is stronger.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step A, seed collection is stored: harvesting seed in mid-November, artificial abate, pod is put to dry in the shade at shady and cool ventilation, seed
It is packed into plastic bag sealing after screening impurity elimination, shading is stored at room temperature, and is laid equal stress on Xinmi City every 30 days or so openings sacks half an hour of ventilating
Envelope；
Step B, seedbed is handled: selecting width for the seedbed of 120cm, high 15cm, medium of seedling bed is by surface layer, upper layer, middle layer and bottom
Layer composition；Wherein:
Surface layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil and is formed by decomposed husk, peat, decomposed husk, peat, yellow soil body
Product is than being 1:3:6；
Upper layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 4:6；
Middle layer is mixed according to a certain percentage with yellow soil by peat and is formed, peat, yellow soil volume ratio be 3:7；
The all yellow soils of bottom；
Step C, it sows pre-treatment: since seed exosper is finer and close, being sowed after being handled, with small scissors in seed one
Kind of a skin is cut at end, keeps endosperm exposed, length 2-3mm, and wound needs to be placed on room temperature clear water using seed after mechanical breaking-wall method far from hilum
Middle seed soaking 48 hours, changed that water is primary every 12 hours, and the carbendazim solution disinfection of effective component content 625mg/kg is added in water；
Step D, it sows: by the end of March at the beginning of -4 months, the seed for handling completion in step C being taken to be sowed, be seeded in seedbed or straight
Connect be seeded in bore be 15cm, be highly 18cm beauty plant bag in, beauty plant bag in depth of planting be 3cm, seeding in nursery bed be broadcast sowing in
In overlayer matrix, about 450 Li/㎡ cover surface layer matrix after broadcasting sowing；
Step E, management after planting: after planting sprinkling profoundly water and sterilize, and builds plastics Small plastic shed moisturizing heating；After planting arrive emergence
Phase frequently sprays water, and pours weekly primary permeable, and other times keep matrix surface layer wet, opens small arch when temperature is up to 25 DEG C or more
Canopy both ends plastic foil is aerated cooling；It with effective ingredient concentration is every other week 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl solution after emergence
It sprays with 625mg/kg carbendazim solution rotation with controlling disease；
Step F, sprout transplanting and management: sprout can transplant after putting on display 2 leaf, 1 bud, pull out sprout with wide 2cm bamboo chip, repaired
Transplanting is to cultivation container seedlings after long root, and Light media container, which is selected, thickeies non-woven bag (120g/ ㎡), diameter 15cm, height
18cm, matrix formulations are yellow soil, peat and the wooden chaff composition, wherein yellow soil: peat: the wooden chaff is 3:5:2 according to volume ratio；
3 kilograms of mouthful Ai Beishi Controlled Release Fertilizer is added in every cubic metre of substrate material, transplanting the previous day drenches the seedbed water at dusk；
Sprout neatly puts container after transplanting, vessel clearance 8cm, upper cover shade net, 70% or more sunshade, and spray is primary fixed comprehensively
Root water sufficiently contacts sprout root system to improve survival rate with matrix；Such as the rainy day, do not have to water spray, and open shady net, every 3-5
Spraying effective ingredient concentration after it comprehensively is that 700mg/kg thiophanate-methyl solution or 625mg/kg carbendazim solution prevent nursery stock
Disease；After 15-20 days, when nursery stock transplanting survives and takes out hair young leaves, shady net is removed, weekly liquid fertilizer sprayed, urea or compound
Fertilizer, concentration 0.1%-0.5%；Mid-September stops fertilising, promotes young sprout lignifying, is conducive to overwintering；
Step G, shoot cutting:
(1) branch selects, select the elite stand age 10 years or more, robust growth no disease and pests harm is pruned prior to season of growth the previous year
1-2 times, promote branch childrenization, after the sprouting at the beginning of 4 months by the end of March next year sprout before clip semi-lignified branch, it is excessively tender to cut off terminal bud
Part, cuttings length 12cm, top at least retain an axillary bud, by branch cutting in matrix, depth 6cm；Cutting medium by
2:1:1 is mixed by volume for yellow soil, peat, perlite；
(2) cutting is handled, to the branch upper end wound trimmed smear vaseline avoid bacterium, fungal infection and
Moisture loss is reduced, and uses effective ingredient concentration for 500mg/kg methyl α-naphthyl acetate root-growing agent immersion fringe bar base portion 3 hours；After cuttage
Sprinkling profoundly water comes into full contact with matrix with fringe bar, and plastics Small plastic shed, the same sprout cultivating of specification, shady net sunshade 30% are built in seedbed；It is small
Encircle spray cooling and combination sunshade, venting practice above canopy when temperature of shed is higher than 35 DEG C；Fringe bar exhibition young leaves and after taking root by
It gradually opens arched shed plastic foil, remove sunshade net, spray a liquid fertilizer, urea or compound fertilizer, concentration 0.1%-0.5% weekly.
2. a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: surface layer with a thickness of 0.5-1cm, on
Layer is less than 10cm with a thickness of 1-3cm, intima-media thickness 3-10cm, underlayer thickness.
3. a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: processed in the seedbed the step B
Slow-release fertilizer 2kg/m is added when being laid with upper layer in journey3, the total nitrogen content of slow-release fertilizer is 180g/ ㎏, and available phosphorus content is 80g/ ㎏,
Full potassium content is 80g/ ㎏.
4. a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sprout transplanting in the step F
, should on a small quantity repeatedly when fine day transplants sprout and in management process, completion is transplanted within 1 hour with the sprout risen is advisable, yin
Rainy day gas can be more, but need to complete transplanting work on the day of, in fine day transplanting, are covered on storage sprout using wet towel etc.
Vinyl disc on moisturizing.
5. a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step F transplants sprout method
Are as follows: small bamboo chip is held, the long 15-20cm of bamboo chip, wide 2cm, top is whittled into pointed；Small bamboo chip tip is inserted into Light media container,
Depth 3-4cm, double swerve exit bamboo chip, and sprout is planted in container, righting sprout, and matrix is backfilled light pressure, allow sprout root
System is in close contact with matrix；The root system that sprout is greater than 5cm is pruned away with scissors before plant, prevents nest root.
6. a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step F sprout transplanting and pipe
In reason, matrix formulations are yellow soil, peat and the wooden chaff composition, wherein yellow soil: peat: the wooden chaff is 3:5:2 according to volume ratio,
The wooden chaff is using preceding needing to handle by stack retting.
7. a kind of rosewood method for culturing seedlings according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step G shoot cutting, base
Matter formula is yellow soil, peat and perlite composition, wherein yellow soil: peat: perlite is 2:1:1 according to volume ratio.
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| CN112703956A (en) * | 2020-12-29 | 2021-04-27 | 龙泉市林业科学研究院 | Method for cutting tender branches of red bean trees in sterile environment |
| CN116941377A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-10-27 | 中国科学院华南植物园 | Method for quickly sprouting and seedling formation of Pterocarpus marsupium |
| CN117530133A (en) * | 2023-10-19 | 2024-02-09 | 湖南省植物园 | Container seedling raising method for red bean |
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