CN109463685A - 一种木本降血糖组合物的制备方法和保健品 - Google Patents
一种木本降血糖组合物的制备方法和保健品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109463685A CN109463685A CN201811400748.5A CN201811400748A CN109463685A CN 109463685 A CN109463685 A CN 109463685A CN 201811400748 A CN201811400748 A CN 201811400748A CN 109463685 A CN109463685 A CN 109463685A
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- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，采用乙醇及乙醚对青钱柳叶、杜仲叶和桑叶进行提取，然后将其按一定比例配伍，能够充分利用其中的有效成分，同时辅以野生葛根粉和/或食用橡子淀粉作为辅料和佐药，具有生津止渴、清热解署、降压强心及延年益寿的作用，可有效地用于防治糖尿病、高血压、冠心病、神经衰弱等疾病。本发明还公开了以上述方法制得的组合物制成的保健品，不仅疗效好，而且方便食用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域，尤其涉及一种木本降血糖组合物的制备方法和保健品。
背景技术
随着生活水平的提高和生活节奏的改变，现代的人们饮食结构日趋精细，进食肉类、蛋白类的数量大大增加，而水果蔬菜的比例则相对减少，导致膳食结构不合理，脂肪摄入过多，加上劳动强度普遍不高，工作环境相对舒适，因此，以肥胖为基础的高血脂、高血压、高血糖等代谢综合症逐年上升，且愈来愈呈年轻化趋势。其中，高血糖现已成为继心脑血管、癌症、肿瘤之后，人类的第二大杀手。
针对这些病症的药物治疗虽因效果显著在临床上较为常用，但药物往往具有一定的毒副作用，且疗程较长，对患者日常生活影响较大。我国中医学、中药学历史悠久，自古就有“药食同源”的精辟论述。通过食用或饮用有辅助作用的天然植物，可以预防疾病或减少合成药物的毒副作用。现在人们对健康越来越重视，消费者回归自然的理念升温，国外的消费者越来越崇尚中医药。
青钱柳叶具有调节血糖、激活胰岛器官功能，能促进血糖代谢，常用作茶饮，还可起到醒神健脑，滋补体质，益智强身，延年益寿之功效。目前市面上的青钱柳茶饮用方法与绿茶相同，溶解于开水中或者搅拌在食品中均可。但由于青钱柳叶茶内成分的影响，一般制作工艺加工的青钱柳叶仍有一种难闻的青臭气和苦涩味，导致青钱柳叶茶口感普遍不佳，很难让人接受。此外，青钱柳叶需要冲泡或者煮饮，不适应现代生活快节凑的消费，且部分消费者不喜欢喝纯茶饮品。因此，需要开发一种青钱柳叶提取制作工艺，提高青钱柳叶的保健作用、口感及食用便利性。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，所得组合物可用于制备保健品。
为实现上述目的，本发采用的技术方案是：
一种木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照体积比V树叶:V溶剂＝1:1-20，用乙醚分别对桑树叶、杜仲树叶、青钱柳树叶进行提取，所得提取液分离出提取物后进行真空冷冻干燥处理，分别得到桑树叶乙醚提取物、杜仲树叶乙醚提取物和青钱柳树叶乙醚提取物；
S2、按照体积比V树叶:V溶剂＝1:1-20，用乙醇分别对桑树叶、杜仲树叶、青钱柳树叶进行提取，所得提取液分离出提取物后进行真空冷冻干燥处理，分别得到桑树叶乙醇提取物、杜仲树叶乙醇提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醇提取物；
S3、准备野生葛根粉和食用橡子淀粉，将桑树叶乙醚提取物、桑树叶乙醇提取物、杜仲树叶乙醚提取物、杜仲树叶乙醇提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醚提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醇提取物与野生葛根粉和食用橡子淀粉按质量比为0.01～0.05：0.01～0.05：0.01～0.05：0.01～0.05：0.01～0.1：0.01～0.1：0.5～10:0～10混合均匀，然后经紫外杀菌即可。
青钱柳叶中主要含有黄酮、三萜、多糖、皂苷等多种药效成分，具有降糖、降压、降脂等多种功效，还能保肝、抗衰老、抗氧化、增强人体免疫力等。
杜仲叶含有的多糖类、绿原酸类、桃叶珊瑚苷等物质，有降血糖、降血压、抗衰老、提高机体免疫力及调节血脂等作用。
桑叶中含有脱氧野尻霉素等生物碱，是强效的糖代谢酶抑制剂，能有效改善胰岛素抵抗，具有显著的降血糖功效，已被我国批准为新食品原料。
橡子淀粉食用价值很高，具有清除人体重金属、消除胃肠中污垢、排除肺脏烟尘和尼古丁、降温解毒、抗氧化、清除自由基、抗癌、降血脂、降血压和减肥功效，被誉为人体“清道夫”。
野生葛根粉含有人体需要的10多种氨基酸和10多种微量元素，其中的葛根素具有扩张冠状动脉和脑动脉的作用，可降低血压，能显著增加缺血组织的血液供应量。
优选的，所述乙醚提取工艺为：在20～40℃下抽提1～3小时，然后在150～250Mpa下超高压提取5～20分钟，再快速减压。超高压提取技术是一种物理提取技术，通过液体介质对提取药材施加超高压力，达到微生物灭活、细胞破碎、提取加速、蛋白质失活等目的，能够充分提取有效成分，并保证食品质量，延长保质期，提高食品安全性。
优选的，所述乙醇提取工艺为：在60～90℃下抽提2～4小时。
优选的，所述野生葛根粉的制备工艺如下：采集野生葛根，清洗，沥水，干燥至绝干，然后进行破壁粉碎至500～2000目，得到野生葛根粉。
优选的，所述食用橡子淀粉的制备工艺为：
S31、采集橡子，晒干、脱壳、去内果皮，所得果仁粉碎，得到橡子碎料；
S32、将橡子碎料用3倍体积的水浸泡10～24h，然后过滤，打浆，分离，得到橡子浆料；
S33、洗涤：将橡子浆料置于非铁制容器中，静止、陈放、去除上层清液，然后加入洗涤液，搅拌均匀，再次静止，如此重复洗涤4～7次，且每次洗涤所加入的洗涤液体积不小于前次去除的上层清液的体积，其中前两次洗涤的洗涤液为质量百分比浓度为0.5～20％小苏打水溶液或苏打水溶液，尔后为清水；
S34、干燥：将洗涤后的沉淀物真空冷冻干燥，直至含水率低于10％，得到食用橡子淀粉。
优选的，所述组合物制作为茶剂型，或颗粒剂型，或胶囊剂型，或片剂型，或粉剂型。
本发明还提供一种含有采用上述方法制得的组合物的保健品。
本发明的有益效果是：
分别用采用乙醇及乙醚对青钱柳叶、杜仲叶和桑叶进行提取，然后将其按一定比例配伍，能够充分利用其中的有效成分，同时辅以野生葛根粉和/或食用橡子淀粉作为辅料和佐药，具有生津止渴、清热解署、降压强心及延年益寿的作用，可有效地用于防治糖尿病、高血压、冠心病、神经衰弱等疾病。本发明的配方是发明人根据各原料的滋味、香气、有效组分的提取率及功效的协同性，通过反复探索获得，其原料的选择、配伍及组合物的制备方法均具有较大的改进。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行详细的说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。
实施例1-3的组合物配方见表1，其制备方法如下：
步骤一、按照体积比V树叶:V溶剂＝1:10，用乙醚分别对桑树叶、杜仲树叶、青钱柳树叶进行提取，所得提取液分离出提取物后进行真空冷冻干燥处理，分别得到桑树叶乙醚提取物、杜仲树叶乙醚提取物和青钱柳树叶乙醚提取物。其中的提取工艺为：在40℃下抽提2小时，然后在200Mpa下超高压提取15分钟，再快速减压。
步骤二、按照体积比V树叶:V溶剂＝1:10，用乙醇分别对桑树叶、杜仲树叶、青钱柳树叶进行提取，所得提取液分离出提取物后进行真空冷冻干燥处理，分别得到桑树叶乙醇提取物、杜仲树叶乙醇提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醇提取物。其中的提取工艺为：在70℃下抽提4小时。
步骤三、制备野生葛根粉：采集野生葛根，清洗，沥水，干燥至绝干，然后进行破壁粉碎至500目，得到野生葛根粉。
步骤四、制备食用橡子淀粉：采集橡子，晒干、脱壳、去内果皮，所得果仁粉碎，将所得橡子碎料用3倍体积的水浸泡10～24h，然后过滤，打浆，分离，得到橡子浆料；所得橡子浆料置于非铁制容器中，静止、陈放、去除上层清液，然后加入洗涤液，搅拌均匀，再次静止，如此重复洗涤4～7次，且每次洗涤所加入的洗涤液体积不小于前次去除的上层清液的体积，其中前两次洗涤的洗涤液为质量百分比浓度为0.5～20％小苏打水溶液或苏打水溶液，尔后为清水；将洗涤后的沉淀物真空冷冻干燥，直至含水率低于10％，得到食用橡子淀粉。
步骤五、将桑树叶乙醚提取物、桑树叶乙醇提取物、杜仲树叶乙醚提取物、杜仲树叶乙醇提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醚提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醇提取物与野生葛根粉和食用橡子淀粉按表1的质量比混合均匀，然后经紫外杀菌，得到实施例1-3的木本降血糖组合物。
表1实施例1-3的木本降血糖组合物配方(单位：重量份)
| 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | |
| 桑树叶乙醚提取物 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
| 桑树叶乙醇提取物 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.03 |
| 杜仲树叶乙醚提取物 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.02 |
| 杜仲树叶乙醇提取物 | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.04 |
| 青钱柳树叶乙醚提取物 | 0.04 | 0.1 | 0.06 |
| 青钱柳树叶乙醇提取物 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.1 |
| 野生葛根粉 | 8 | 10 | 2 |
| 食用橡子淀粉 | 2 | 0 | 8 |
因含有野生葛根粉和/或食用橡子淀粉作为辅料，所得组合物可制作片剂型或颗粒剂型，也可为茶剂型、胶囊剂型或粉剂型。
测试例
为测试降血糖效果，将实施例1-3的组合物均压制成保健品片剂，规格为1g/片。
实验对象及方法：选择患有糖尿病、年龄在35岁～65岁之间的糖尿病前期及2型轻度患者(符合世界卫生组织(WHO)制订的糖尿病诊断标准)，共200例，其中男女各占一半，平均年龄均为45岁。分成4组，每组50例，前三组为实验组，分别服用实施例1-3的组合物制成的保健品片剂，第四组为对照组，试验期间未服用其他有降血糖作用的药物。
实验组每天早中晚服用所述保健品片剂，每日3次，每次服用2片，服用2个月。
疗效判断标准：服用保健品片剂后，每个月抽全血测空腹血糖一次，2个月后，糖尿病前期空腹血糖下降到6.1mmol/l以下或糖尿病2型轻度患者空腹血糖下降到6.9mmol/l以下，为显效；空腹血糖下降2mmol/l以上，但没达到正常范围为有效；空腹血糖没明显变化为无效。结果如表2所示：
表2
| 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对照组 | |
| 总试验人数 | 40 | 40 | 40人 | 40 |
| 显效人数/占比 | 20/50％ | 25/62.5％ | 26/65％ | 0 |
| 有效人数/占比 | 12/30％ | 10/25％ | 10/25％ | 2/5％ |
| 无效人数/占比 | 8/20％ | 5/12.5％ | 4/10％ | 38/95％ |
可见，本发明的保健品片剂对糖尿病前期及2型轻度患者的显效率达50％以上，有效率25％以上，具有显著的降血糖功效。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1、按照体积比V树叶:V溶剂＝1:1-20，用乙醚分别对桑树叶、杜仲树叶、青钱柳树叶进行提取，所得提取液分离出提取物后进行真空冷冻干燥处理，分别得到桑树叶乙醚提取物、杜仲树叶乙醚提取物和青钱柳树叶乙醚提取物；
S2、按照体积比V树叶:V溶剂＝1:1-20，用乙醇分别对桑树叶、杜仲树叶、青钱柳树叶进行提取，所得提取液分离出提取物后进行真空冷冻干燥处理，分别得到桑树叶乙醇提取物、杜仲树叶乙醇提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醇提取物；
S3、准备野生葛根粉和食用橡子淀粉，将桑树叶乙醚提取物、桑树叶乙醇提取物、杜仲树叶乙醚提取物、杜仲树叶乙醇提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醚提取物、青钱柳树叶乙醇提取物与野生葛根粉和食用橡子淀粉按质量比为0.01～0.05：0.01～0.05：0.01～0.05：0.01～0.05：0.01～0.1：0.01～0.1：0.5～10:0～10混合均匀，然后经紫外杀菌即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述的木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，乙醚提取工艺为：在20～40℃下抽提1～3小时，然后在150～250Mpa下超高压提取5～20分钟，再快速减压。
3.根据权利要求1所述的木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，乙醇提取工艺为：在60～90℃下抽提2～4小时。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述野生葛根粉的制备工艺如下：采集野生葛根，清洗，沥水，干燥至绝干，然后进行破壁粉碎至500～2000目，得到野生葛根粉。
5.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述食用橡子淀粉的制备工艺为：
S31、采集橡子，晒干、脱壳、去内果皮，所得果仁粉碎，得到橡子碎料；
S32、将橡子碎料用3倍体积的水浸泡10～24h，然后过滤，打浆，分离，得到橡子浆料；
S33、洗涤：将橡子浆料置于非铁制容器中，静止、陈放、去除上层清液，然后加入洗涤液，搅拌均匀，再次静止，如此重复洗涤4～7次，且每次洗涤所加入的洗涤液体积不小于前次去除的上层清液的体积，其中前两次洗涤的洗涤液为质量百分比浓度为0.5～20％小苏打水溶液或苏打水溶液，尔后为清水；
S34、干燥：将洗涤后的沉淀物真空冷冻干燥，直至含水率低于10％，得到食用橡子淀粉。
6.根据权利要求1所述的木本降血糖组合物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述组合物制作为茶剂型，或颗粒剂型，或胶囊剂型，或片剂型，或粉剂型。
7.一种保健品，其特征在于，含有采用权利要求6所述的制备方法制得的组合物。
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