CN109463231A - A kind of ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method - Google Patents
A kind of ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109463231A CN109463231A CN201811173067.XA CN201811173067A CN109463231A CN 109463231 A CN109463231 A CN 109463231A CN 201811173067 A CN201811173067 A CN 201811173067A CN 109463231 A CN109463231 A CN 109463231A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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Abstract
The invention belongs to plant and cultural technique field, discloses a kind of ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry and utilize method；It selects breeding: selecting high yield, high-quality, resistance to fertilizer, the resistance to feeding ramie specific breed cradled；Numb field prepares: determining planting scale, selects numb field, manages ditch water discharge and use sufficient base manure；The new fiber crops of cultivation: early childbirth is early planted, rational close planting, breaks bar, harvest and Nitrogen Top Dressing in due course；Numb Tian Guanli: cultivation and banking, heavy dressing winter top dressing accomplish to reinforce winter pipe, timely top dressing and carries out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing measure；Cradle utilization: section cyclic cradles, toothing cradles, chopping is fed and control feeds quantity.The feeding ramie utilization periods that the present invention cultivates are long, long for the careless phase, and green forage yield is high, quality is good, supply is balanced；Feeding method is easy, effect is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant and cultural technique field more particularly to a kind of ramie planting utilization side based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry
Method is suitable for developing herbivorous stock raising in Yangtze river basin high temperature and humidity area to promote and apply.
Background technique
Ramie is also known as " China's grass ", is Urticaceae Section of Genus Boehmeria, perennial root herbaceous plant, is that China is distinctive to spin
It is woven to the crops of main application.Ramee gas permeability left and right more three times higher than cotton fiber has the function such as anti-corrosion, fungi-proofing, mould proof
Can, it is a kind of excellent textile raw material.After ramie plant harvests fiber, top young stem and leaf fibrosis, degree of lignification are opposite
It is lower, it is rich in crude protein, is excellent plant-derived albumen feed, young stem and leaf crude protein content is up to 20% or more (dry
Matter), can with " King of Pasture " --- clover compares favourably.Yangtze river basin, summer high temperature high humidity are not suitable for the north such as clover
High quality forage growth, causes protein feed in short supply.Therefore, it is suitble to area's ecological condition, the ramie cultivated extensively in the region
Fodder, which utilizes, also therefore to be caused to pay high attention to.Currently, having carried out ramie (leaf) dry powder, hay, ensilage processing feeding etc.
The research and application of Land use systems, but without the research and application of the feeding of ramie fresh grass.
The feeding of ramie fresh grass is not needed without the loss of the substances such as vitamin, chlorophyll, biological enzyme after siccative processing yet
A large amount of process equipment and facility are put into, low in cost, method is easy；But artificial cultivation ramie (" crudefiber crop over more than 4000 years
Thremmatology ", bear peace chief editor, Scientia Agricultura Sinica technology publishing house publishes for 2008), not only without dark green feeding success
Precedent, there are also the proverbs of " ramie feeds ox, more feeds thinner " instead.Main cause is that tradition is fine low with ramie protein content, is made
Its processing byproduct is mainly utilized for feed, fibrosis, degree of lignification are high, and also it is improper using period and scale of feeding, it makes
It is insufficient at energy and protein provision, it more feeds thinner.From pasture utilization angle, when feeding ramie can be divided into three growths
Phase, i.e. Seedling Stage, fresh grass phase, aging period.The tender and crisp succulence of Seedling Stage plant, crude protein content is low, and biological yield is low；Fresh grass phase ramie
Numb bast fiber initially forms, stem degree of lignification is low, and protein content is high, and biological yield is high；Aging period ramie plant wood
Matter, degree of fibrosis are higher, and protein content reduces.Therefore, the feeding ramie nutritive value of Seedling Stage and aging period is not high,
Long-term Feeding can cause more to feed because of energy and protein provision deficiency thinner.On the other hand, although fresh grass phase feeding ramie albumen
Matter content is high, but its carbohydrate content is lower, if scale of feeding accounts for daily ration, ratio is excessively high, can also lead because of energy supply deficiency
It causes more to feed thinner.Traditional fibre ramie, annual three season of receipts fiber, harvest time is relatively fixed, and the young stem and leaf output time concentrates
And it is very brief, scale is unable to for fresh feeding；Ensiling ramie raw materials, dry powder (grass) ramie raw materials, be both needed within the fresh grass phase and
When cradle and finish, be just conducive to scale processing, processing.And fresh feeding, need continual, stable market supply ramie fresh grass.Therefore,
The ramie fresh grass of stable market supply quantity sufficient, best in quality (mainly crude protein content is high) is simultaneously reasonably combined with conventional herbage,
The technological difficulties utilized as fresh feeding ramie planting.Herbivores product is important " vegetable basket " product, with urban and rural residents
Consumption of animal by-product structure updating, the consumption demand of Herbivores product will also continue to increase rapidly.For this purpose, having carried out based on livestock and poultry
The ramie planting of fresh feeding utilizes technical research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of ramie plantings based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry to utilize method, this method operation letter
Just, easy, reach ramie utilization periods length, for careless phase length, supply equilibrium, green forage yield is high, quality is good, and feeding method is simple
Just, the purpose to work well.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical measures:
Its technical concept is: selecting feeding ramie specific breed, lays the foundation for high yield and quality cultivation；Pass through numb Tian Zhun
Standby, new fiber crops cultivation, numb field management and toothing cradle realization high yield and quality cultivation；It is cradled by scale domination combination section cyclic,
Realize the stable market supply of fresh grass；Cooperation chopping feeding, control feed quantity to improve feeding effect.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, it is described fresh based on livestock and poultry
The ramie planting of feeding includes: using method
Step 1: it selects breeding: selecting high yield, high-quality, resistance to fertilizer, the resistance to feeding ramie specific breed cradled；
Step 2: numb field prepares: determining planting scale, selects numb field, manages ditch water discharge and use sufficient base manure；
Step 3: the new fiber crops of cultivation: early childbirth is early planted, rational close planting, breaks bar, harvest and Nitrogen Top Dressing in due course；
Step 4: numb Tian Guanli: cultivation and banking, heavy dressing winter top dressing accomplish to reinforce winter pipe, timely top dressing and carries out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing
Measure；
Step 5: cradle utilization: section cyclic cradles, toothing cradles, chopping is fed and control feeds quantity.
Further, it in the step 1, selects breeding: selecting high yield, high-quality, resistance to fertilizer, the resistance to feeding ramie cradled dedicated
Raise ramie 2 in kind river.
The river raises ramie 2, is that the feeding ramie of high protein high yield of thought's academy of agricultural science breeding is new
Kind, resistance to fertility is strong, and yield potential can be more played under high fertilizer and water condition, and early growth is fast, is suitable for several times a year cradling, in length
River basin year harvesting 7-9 times.
Further, in the step 2, determine that planting scale specifically includes:
According to livestock and poultry farm scale, 10 tons/667m of ramie 2 annual outputs is raised by river2Ramie fresh grass, ramie fresh grass account for current year 4
The moon to herbage in October (fresh grass) feeds the 25% feeding ramie planting area of calculating of total amount.
The herbage (fresh grass), mainly graminous pasture, such as rye grass, napier grass, hybrid giant napier, sugar grass, silage corn
The high herbage of equal carbohydrate contents.
Further, in the step 2, numb field is selected to specifically include:
Select thicker soil, it is upper in rippers layer 50cm, fertility, draining is good, 3-5 does not plant ramie, transhipment easily
Soil cultivation.
Further, in the step 2, reason ditch water discharge is specifically included:
Before field planting, tap drain, Zhigou, ditch have been managed, has been accomplished to drain after unimpeded, rain without ponding.
Further, it in the step 2, uses sufficient base manure and specifically includes:
Before new cultivation fiber crops field planting, every 667m2Make base fertilizer with organic fertilizer 1000-2000kg, calcium superphosphate 25kg, potassium chloride 5kg,
Using opening, cave is applied deeply, method is applied and spread fertilizer over the fields to depth of ditching.
The organic fertilizer is barnyard manure made of Animal fecal pollution (such as cattle and sheep excrement, rabbit excrement, goose excrement etc.) sufficiently fermentation, rich in having
Machine matter, nutritional ingredient are complicated.
Further, in the step 3, early childbirth is early planted and is specifically included:
The middle and lower reach of Yangtze River uses the mode nursery of two-membrane process seed seedling-raising mid-January to early March, May to June
Transplant planting.
The two-membrane process seed seedling-raising mode after planting for winter, early spring pastes mulch, arch membrane combination makes on seedbed
With to guarantee that moisture content is sufficient, improves the ramie seed seedling-raising modes of reproduction of temperature in the shed.
Further, in the step 3, rational close planting is specifically included:
Before transplanting, waters and irrigate seedbed, the native seedling taking of band, with taking with cultivation；Every 667m2Plant the cave 3000-4000,2 plants of every cave；It moves
After cultivation survives, looks into seedling and fill a vacancy；
In the step 3, bar is broken in due course, two fiber crops of harvest specifically include:
New to plant numb head fiber crops, two fiber crops by the numb method harvest of traditional fibre, head fiber crops break bar, two fiber crops harvests in the black bar 1/2- of plant
2/3, lower part urges root and stem of certain plants bud to grow when progress；
The broken bar is that is, new to plant fiber crops harvest fiber fiber crops for the first time.
In the step 3, Nitrogen Top Dressing is specifically included:
After the new broken bar of cultivation fiber crops, every 667m2Apply 5-10kg urea.
Further, in the step 4, reinforce winter pipe: annual early and middle ten days in late December to January carry out winter pipe, specific to wrap
It includes:
Cultivation and banking: intertillage depth 20cm, it is desirable that do not hurt leading root, shoulder pole root, radish root, clay is deep, and sandy soil are shallow, in the ranks
Deep, root and stem of certain plants side is shallow, and earth up thickness 3cm, at the same trained the side root and stem of certain plants, dredging gutter, compartment face are slightly in turtleback shape；
Heavy dressing winter top dressing: in conjunction with cultivation and banking, every 667m2Organic fertilizer 1000-2000kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, potassium chloride
10kg mixing cave applies, earthing after ditch spread；
In the step 4, timely top dressing is specifically included:
Urea 10-15kg is imposed in 3-5 days after spring emergence, after cradling every time；
In the step 4, drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing is specifically included:
It when numb Orchard Soil water content is lower than 18%, pours water in time, Submergence time is no more than 36-48 hours；It is rainy in summer and autumn
Season often clears up numb garden internal drainage ditch, keeps unimpeded, and it is dry to accomplish that rain lives ditch.
Further, in the step 5, section cyclic, which cradles, to be specifically included:
Start to cradle when the first stubble fiber crops of feeding ramie grow to 60cm；The full field of ramie is bisected into 25 sections, daily
1 section is cradled, after first stubble fiber crops have all cradled, regrowth hair fiber crops enter the suitable receipts phase, and it can enter full field circulation and cradle mode, until
Growing season, which cradles, to be finished；
In the step 5, toothing, which cradles, to be specifically included:
During the feeding ramie of 2-3 cradles, the high 10-15cm of toothing；
In the step 5, chopping feeding is specifically included:
The livestocks such as ox, sheep are fed, chopping length is 8-10cm；The livestock and poultry such as rabbit, goose are fed, chopping length is 1-2cm；
In the step 5, control feeds quantity and specifically includes:
Feeding ramie fresh grass scale of feeding accounts for the 25% of daily herbage (fresh grass) supply volume, ramie fresh grass lazy weight or mistake
When surplus, feeding quantity can be adjusted in 15%~35% range.Avoid feeding Seedling Stage ramie and aging period ramie.
The Seedling Stage ramie, i.e. growth period are short, plant height 60cm newborn ramie plant below；
The aging period ramie, i.e., the ramie of black bar 20cm or more, unarmed decorticating with shell green peel length 100cm or more are planted
Strain.
In conclusion the invention has the benefit that
(1) utilization periods are long.The new numb head of cultivation is numb, two fiber crops traditionally harvest bast fiber, and cooperation toothing cradles, adds
The measures such as Qiang Dongguan, reason ditch water discharge, are conducive to snippings nutrient accumulation and growth, reduce scarce root and stem of certain plants rate, extend and cradle the time limit, drop
Low planting cost.
(2) careless phase length, supply equilibrium are produced；Yield is high, quality is good.It is cradled by high yield and quality cultivation and section cyclic,
Annual April is upper, in the middle ten days to late October, 7 months of early November, sustainable continuous supply fresh grass；It produces per year in numb field
Fresh grass reaches 11.76t/667m2, crude protein average out to 23.35%.
(3) feeding method is easy.The processing is simple, it is only necessary to which chopping can allow feeding.It is fed according to livestock and poultry diet blueness coarse fodder
The certain proportion of amount replaces with ramie, that is, the protein content in daily ration can be improved, to significantly improve the weight gain level of livestock and poultry.
(4) good feeding effect.Test result shows 15%, 25%, 35% ramie feeding beef cattle of arranging in pairs or groups, daily gain difference
More conventional herbage improves 9.32%, 11.11%, 8.96%；25% ramie of arranging in pairs or groups feeds goat, and the more conventional herbage of daily gain is improved
7.53%.In the case where protein feed lacks, feeding effect is more significant.The albumen such as dregs of beans, vinasse are not added in feed
Feed, 25% ramie fresh grass of collocation feed beef cattle, and the more conventional herbage of daily gain is improved up to 22.98%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the ramie planting provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that as described below is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to limit this
Invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in this hair
Within bright protection scope.
Application principle of the invention is explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: using method
S101: it selects breeding: selecting high yield, high-quality, resistance to fertilizer, the resistance to feeding ramie specific breed cradled；
S102: numb field prepares: determining planting scale, selects numb field, manages ditch water discharge and use sufficient base manure；
S103: the new fiber crops of cultivation: early childbirth is early planted, rational close planting, breaks bar, harvest and Nitrogen Top Dressing in due course；
S104: numb Tian Guanli: cultivation and banking, heavy dressing winter top dressing accomplish to reinforce winter pipe, timely top dressing and carry out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing and arrange
It applies；
S105: cradle utilization: section cyclic cradles, toothing cradles, chopping is fed and control feeds quantity.
Further, it in the step S101, selects breeding: selecting high yield, high-quality, resistance to fertilizer, the resistance to feeding ramie cradled special
Ramie 2 are raised with kind river.
The river raises ramie 2, is that the feeding ramie of high protein high yield of thought's academy of agricultural science breeding is new
Kind, resistance to fertility is strong, and yield potential can be more played under high fertilizer and water condition, and early growth is fast, is suitable for several times a year cradling, in length
River basin year harvesting 7-9 times.
Further, in the step S102, determine that planting scale specifically includes:
According to livestock and poultry farm scale, 10 tons/667m of ramie 2 annual outputs is raised by river2Ramie fresh grass, ramie fresh grass account for current year 4
The moon to herbage in October (fresh grass) feeds the 25% feeding ramie planting area of calculating of total amount.
The herbage (fresh grass), i.e. mainly graminous pasture, as rye grass, napier grass, hybrid giant napier, sugar grass, ensiling are beautiful
The high herbages of carbohydrate contents such as rice.
Further, in the step S102, numb field is selected to specifically include:
Select thicker soil, it is upper in rippers layer 50cm, fertility, draining is good, 3-5 does not plant ramie, transhipment easily
Soil cultivation.
Further, in the step S102, reason ditch water discharge is specifically included:
Before field planting, tap drain, Zhigou, ditch have been managed, has been accomplished to drain after unimpeded, rain without ponding.
Further, it in the step S102, uses sufficient base manure and specifically includes:
Before new cultivation fiber crops field planting, every 667m2Make base fertilizer with organic fertilizer 1000-2000kg, calcium superphosphate 25kg, potassium chloride 5kg,
Using opening, cave is applied deeply, method is applied and spread fertilizer over the fields to depth of ditching.
The organic fertilizer is barnyard manure made of Animal fecal pollution (such as cattle and sheep excrement, rabbit excrement, goose excrement etc.) sufficiently fermentation, rich in having
Machine matter, nutritional ingredient are complicated.
Further, in the step S103, early childbirth is early planted and is specifically included:
The middle and lower reach of Yangtze River uses the mode nursery of two-membrane process seed seedling-raising mid-January to early March, May to June
Transplant planting.
The two-membrane process seed seedling-raising mode after planting for winter, early spring pastes mulch, arch membrane combination makes on seedbed
With to guarantee that moisture content is sufficient, improves the ramie seed seedling-raising modes of reproduction of temperature in the shed.
Further, in the step S103, rational close planting is specifically included:
Before transplanting, waters and irrigate seedbed, the native seedling taking of band, with taking with cultivation；Every 667m2Plant the cave 3000-4000,2 plants of every cave；It moves
After cultivation survives, looks into seedling and fill a vacancy；
In the step S103, bar is broken in due course, two fiber crops of harvest specifically include:
New to plant numb head fiber crops, two fiber crops by the numb method harvest of traditional fibre, head fiber crops break bar, two fiber crops harvests in the black bar 1/2- of plant
2/3, lower part urges root and stem of certain plants bud to grow when progress；
The broken bar is that is, new to plant fiber crops harvest fiber fiber crops for the first time.
In the step S103, Nitrogen Top Dressing is specifically included:
After the new broken bar of cultivation fiber crops, every 667m2Apply 5-10kg urea.
Further, in the step 4, reinforce winter pipe: annual early and middle ten days in late December to January carry out winter pipe, specific to wrap
It includes:
Cultivation and banking: intertillage depth 20cm, it is desirable that do not hurt leading root, shoulder pole root, radish root, clay is deep, and sandy soil are shallow, in the ranks
Deep, root and stem of certain plants side is shallow, and earth up thickness 3cm, at the same trained the side root and stem of certain plants, dredging gutter, compartment face are slightly in turtleback shape；
Heavy dressing winter top dressing: in conjunction with cultivation and banking, every 667m2Organic fertilizer 1000-2000kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, potassium chloride
10kg mixing cave applies, earthing after ditch spread；
In the step S104, timely top dressing is specifically included:
Urea 10-15kg is imposed in 3-5 days after spring emergence, after cradling every time；
In the step S104, drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing is specifically included:
It when numb Orchard Soil water content is lower than 18%, pours water in time, Submergence time is no more than 36-48 hours；It is rainy in summer and autumn
Season often clears up numb garden internal drainage ditch, keeps unimpeded, and it is dry to accomplish that rain lives ditch.
Further, in the step S105, section cyclic, which cradles, to be specifically included:
Start to cradle when the first stubble fiber crops of feeding ramie grow to 60cm；The full field of ramie is bisected into 25 sections, daily
1 section is cradled, after first stubble fiber crops have all cradled, regrowth hair fiber crops enter the suitable receipts phase, and it can enter full field circulation and cradle mode, until
Growing season, which cradles, to be finished；
In the step S105, toothing, which cradles, to be specifically included:
During the feeding ramie of 2-3 cradles, the high 10-15cm of toothing；
In the step 5, chopping feeding is specifically included:
The livestocks such as ox, sheep are fed, chopping length is 8-10cm；The livestock and poultry such as rabbit, goose are fed, chopping length is 1-2cm；
In the step S105, control feeds quantity and specifically includes:
Feeding ramie fresh grass scale of feeding accounts for the 25% of daily herbage (fresh grass) supply volume, ramie fresh grass lazy weight or mistake
When surplus, feeding quantity can be adjusted in 15%~35% range.Avoid feeding Seedling Stage ramie and aging period ramie.
The Seedling Stage ramie, i.e. growth period are short, plant height 60cm newborn ramie plant below；
The aging period ramie, i.e., the ramie of black bar 20cm or more, unarmed decorticating with shell green peel length 100cm or more are planted
Strain.
In following case study on implementation, (powdery, main component are whitewashing maize peel, soya-bean cake, dregs of beans, carbon to beef cattle basis concentrate feed
Sour hydrogen calcium, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, copper sulphate, ferrous sulfate etc.), dry corn flour, distillers ' grains (brewery's accessory substance) can be from market
On directly buy.
Embodiment 1 selects suitable soil to plant feeding ramie in Chongqing City, the town Jiao Shi, Fuling District according to beef cattle breeding field scale
Raise ramie 2 in numb river.The Raime seedlings of field planting are bred as using two-membrane process seed seedling-raising mode.In June, 2012 field planting, before field planting,
Every 667m2Application of organic fertilizers 1000kg, calcium superphosphate 25kg, potassium chloride 5kg make base fertilizer, are applied deeply using cave is opened.Every 667m2Field planting
3000 nests, 2 plants of every nest.Head fiber crops break bar, two numb harvest ramies when the black bar 1/2-2/3 of the numb plant of newly cultivation, lower part urge root and stem of certain plants bud to grow
Fiber.New every 667m after planting the broken bar of fiber crops2Apply 10kg urea.Early and middle ten days in late December to January carry out winter pipe, in conjunction with cultivation and banking,
Every 667m2Organic fertilizer 2000kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, potassium chloride 10kg mixing cave apply, earthing after ditch spread.After spring emergence,
It cradles every time and imposes urea 10-15kg in 3-5 days latter.Start to harvest when the first stubble of feeding ramie grows to 60cm；By ramie
Full field is bisected into 25 sections, cradles 1 section daily, after first stubble fiber crops have all harvested, regrowth hair fiber crops enter suitable receipts phase, Ji Kejin
Enter full field circulation and cradle mode, until Growing season harvest finishes.When the 2nd, 3 year every batch of harvest of feeding ramie, the high 10- of toothing
15cm。
In April, 2017 selects figure to approach, body condition is good, the 15-18 monthly age 3 fattening period Cross Beef Cattles.It launches daily
Herbage (fresh grass) feeds the ramie fresh grass of total amount 15%, shreds length 8-10cm；With reference to " China Feeding Standard of Beef Cattle (NY/T815-
2004) other feeds, including beef cattle basis concentrate feed, dry corn flour and distillers ' grains ", are uniformly added.
Embodiment 2 unlike the first embodiment, launches the ramie fresh grass of herbage (fresh grass) feeding total amount 25% daily.
Embodiment 3 unlike the first embodiment, launches the ramie fresh grass of herbage (fresh grass) feeding total amount 35% daily.
Embodiment 4 unlike the first embodiment, launches the ramie fresh grass of herbage (fresh grass) feeding total amount 45% daily.
As different from Example 2, in April, 2018 selects figure to approach to embodiment 5, body condition is good, 4 12 monthly ages
Fattening period Cross Beef Cattle is tested.In other feeds of unified addition, including beef cattle basis concentrate feed and dry corn flour, without white
Vinasse.
Embodiment 6 unlike the first embodiment, is colonized river in May, 2016 and raises ramie 2 on the Fuling District town the Zhen Xi mountain Yang Lun
Sheep farm.It selects in May, 2018 figure to approach, the good goat of body condition 30, launches herbage (fresh grass) daily and feed total amount
25% ramie fresh grass.Meanwhile the unified dry corn flour of addition.
Raise ramie 2 different Clipping dates ramie green forage yields and crude protein content result table in 1 river of table
2 ramie fresh grass difference blend proportion feeding effect table of table
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ramie planting based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the ramie kind based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry
It plants using method and includes:
Step 1: it selects breeding: selecting high yield, high-quality, resistance to fertilizer, the resistance to feeding ramie specific breed cradled；
Step 2: numb field prepares: determining planting scale, selects numb field, manages ditch water discharge and use sufficient base manure；
Step 3: the new fiber crops of cultivation: early childbirth is early planted, rational close planting, breaks bar, harvest and Nitrogen Top Dressing in due course；
Step 4: numb Tian Guanli: cultivation and banking, heavy dressing winter top dressing accomplish to reinforce winter pipe, timely top dressing and carries out drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing measure；
Step 5: cradle utilization: section cyclic cradles, toothing cradles, chopping is fed and control feeds quantity.
2. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 1
In, it selects breeding: high yield, high-quality, resistance to fertilizer, the resistance to feeding ramie specific breed river cradled being selected to raise ramie 2.
3. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, determine that planting scale specifically includes:
According to livestock and poultry farm scale, 10 tons/667m of ramie 2 annual outputs is raised by river2Ramie fresh grass, ramie fresh grass account for April current year to 10
Moon herbage (fresh grass) feeds the 25% feeding ramie planting area of calculating of total amount.
4. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, select numb field to specifically include:
Thicker soil is selected, it is upper in rippers layer 50cm, fertility, draining is good, 3-5 does not plant ramie, transports convenient soil
Cultivation.
5. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, reason ditch water discharge specifically includes:
Before field planting, tap drain, Zhigou, ditch have been managed, has been accomplished to drain after unimpeded, rain without ponding.
6. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 2
In, it uses sufficient base manure and specifically includes:
Before new cultivation fiber crops field planting, every 667m2Make base fertilizer with organic fertilizer 1000-2000kg, calcium superphosphate 25kg, potassium chloride 5kg, uses
Cave is opened to apply deeply, ditch and apply and spread fertilizer over the fields deeply method.
7. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, early childbirth is early planted and is specifically included:
The middle and lower reach of Yangtze River uses the mode nursery of two-membrane process seed seedling-raising mid-January to early March, transplants May to June
Field planting.
8. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, rational close planting specifically includes:
Before transplanting, waters and irrigate seedbed, the native seedling taking of band, with taking with cultivation；Every 667m2Plant the cave 3000-4000,2 plants of every cave；It transplants into
After work, looks into seedling and fill a vacancy；
In the step 3, bar is broken in due course, two fiber crops of harvest specifically include:
New to plant numb head fiber crops, two fiber crops traditionally harvest bast fiber fiber crops, head fiber crops break bar, two fiber crops harvests in the black bar 1/2-2/ of plant
3, lower part urges root and stem of certain plants bud to grow when progress；
In the step 3, Nitrogen Top Dressing is specifically included:
After the new broken bar of cultivation fiber crops, every 667m2Apply 5-10kg urea.
9. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 4
In, reinforce winter pipe: annual early and middle ten days in late December to January carry out winter pipe, specifically include:
Cultivation and banking: intertillage depth 20cm, it is desirable that do not hurt leading root, shoulder pole root, radish root, clay is deep, and sandy soil are shallow, and it is deep in the ranks,
Root and stem of certain plants side is shallow, and earth up thickness 3cm, at the same trained the side root and stem of certain plants, dredging gutter, compartment face are slightly in turtleback shape；
Heavy dressing winter top dressing: in conjunction with cultivation and banking, every 667m2Organic fertilizer 1000-2000kg, calcium superphosphate 50kg, potassium chloride 10kg mixing
Cave applies, earthing after ditch spread；
In the step 4, timely top dressing is specifically included:
Urea 10-15kg is imposed in 3-5 days after spring emergence, after cradling every time；
In the step 4, drought-relief, waterlogging-preventing is specifically included:
It when numb Orchard Soil water content is lower than 18%, pours water in time, Submergence time is no more than 36-48 hours；In summer and autumn rainy season,
Numb garden internal drainage ditch is often cleared up, is kept unimpeded, it is dry to accomplish that rain lives ditch.
10. the ramie planting as described in claim 1 based on the fresh feeding of livestock and poultry utilizes method, which is characterized in that the step 5
In, section cyclic, which cradles, to be specifically included:
Start to cradle when the first stubble of feeding ramie grows to 60cm；The full field of ramie is bisected into 25 sections, cradles 1 daily
Section, after first stubble fiber crops have all cradled, regrowth hair fiber crops enter the suitable receipts phase, can enter full field circulation and cradle mode, until Growing season
It cradles and finishes；
In the step 5, toothing, which cradles, to be specifically included:
When every batch of the feeding ramie of 2-3 cradles, toothing 10-15cm；
In the step 5, chopping feeding is specifically included:
The livestocks such as ox, sheep are fed, chopping length is 8-10cm；The livestock and poultry such as rabbit, goose are fed, chopping length is 1-2cm；
In the step 5, control feeds quantity and specifically includes:
When feeding ramie fresh grass scale of feeding accounts for the 25% of herbage (fresh grass) total amount, ramie fresh grass lazy weight or surplus, number is fed
Amount can be adjusted in 15%~35% range.Avoid feeding Seedling Stage ramie and aging period ramie.
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