CN109566292A - A kind of mixed seeding planting and establishing method - Google Patents
A kind of mixed seeding planting and establishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109566292A CN109566292A CN201910049105.9A CN201910049105A CN109566292A CN 109566292 A CN109566292 A CN 109566292A CN 201910049105 A CN201910049105 A CN 201910049105A CN 109566292 A CN109566292 A CN 109566292A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
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- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed seeding planting and establishing methods, in the ranks broadcast by pulse family, standing grain section and Li Ke mixed seeding in varing proportions, and with the progress of different line numbers is different, reasonably combined grass-layer structure gives full play to the facilitation of inter-species, improves compatibility between herbage.Competition is preferably minimized, and improves space luminous energy and soil and fertilizer utilization rate, is promoted pulse family fixed nitrogen, is improved the height of each plant, is improved the feeding value of herbage and is increased unit area grass yield；Stable Mixture effect is formed, planting current year just shows good growing way and higher production performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to grazing hybrid sowing artificial planting technique fields, are related to a kind of mixed seeding planting and establishing method.
Background technique
Under animal husbandry continuous development, covet livestock number, leads to the generation for herding, overgrazing phenomenon excessively.It is raiseeing
Under animal husbandry continues to develop, the problem is even more serious.Overgrazed will cause larger harm to Grassland ecosystems, such as: will affect
The growth and development of plant endanger the normal growth of plant because the continuous reduction of blade face area, photosynthetic capacity die down,
Its nutrient and vitality are by larger threat, to influence the development structure of vegetation.Meanwhile it overgrazing and can also change soil
Shape influences water penetration.It the behaviors such as artificially excavates, build highway, acquiring, can also endanger vegetation, increase the degree of degeneration on grassland.From
And forage grass problem has had become the outstanding problem for restricting China's animal husbandry development.The control measures that can be taken at present are in addition to control
Grassland carries poultry quantity, pays attention to mitigating grassland pressure；More importantly popularizing planting artificial pasture reasonably selects plantation grass seeds, product
Perennial meadow is cultivated in pole, reinforces Grazing grassland management.
Establishing artificial pasture is the animal husbandry of Development of Morden grass, implements ecological restoration of grassland and system reconstructing and sustainable development
How the important measures of strategy reduce artificial pasture planting cost, guarantee the production and ecological benefits on planting meadow, high quality
Grass seed is important prerequisite.The western arid in China, semiarid zone possess abundant as China, main Distribution Area, meadow
Forage Germplasm Resources.Western arid, semiarid zone artificial pasture, which has, transforms agricultural production, ensures grain security, alleviates
Natural meadow pressure promotes the important function such as careless animal husbandry develops in a healthy way and maintenance oasis ecology is safe.Grazing hybrid sowing refers to two
Or the herbage variety of more than two variety classes and biology monoid simultaneously in same piece of land mixed seeding planting patterns, be
An important technique measure in pasture growing.It can not only obtain the good forage of high yield, and can make artificial pasture
In suitable and constant composition is kept between each kind, keep meadow to be in a kind of relatively steady state especially beans standing grain and herd
Careless mixed seeding, leguminous forage and farming rotation of crops, work improve crop yield and quality to soil quality is improved, and promote agriculture
The combination of animal husbandry is played the role of vital.At the same time, the forage grass that above-mentioned mode can also provide a large amount of high quality produces
Product, the season that can effectively solve natural meadow production is uneven, so that degraded natural grassland is recreated and lives, and maintenance China is western
Regional whole ecological environment.
It is existing studies have shown that not all pasture system all has higher nitrogen utilization efficiency, due to
The influence of the factors such as water stress, leguminous forage Competition for Nutrients disadvantage and group structure, cause leguminous forage turn to soil without
The absorption of machine nitrogen, there is no higher than unicast/nonoculture for nitrogen utilization efficiency.Especially mixture population structure not only affects on the ground
The final result of competition of light resource, also affects root growth, changes so as to cause underground Competition for Nutrients pattern.So in herbage
Suitable combinations of mixed how is selected in mixed seeding, is a more complicated problem, it is only real by the test of science and production
Trampling correctly to solve.And since Bromus inermis is different and has differences to the adaptability of different regions ecological environment, one
The production performance for mixing herbage can not directly be optimal, also not can guarantee the stabilization of production capacity.How to be selected in grazing hybrid sowing
Optimal ratio and application rate shared by optimal combinations of mixed and ingredient are urgent problems to be solved in Grassland construction.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, increasing substantially the mixed seeding planting of grass yield the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple and easy
Method.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
1. a kind of mixed seeding planting and establishing method, the method includes with Bromus inermis in percentage terms, by bur clover with 40-
65%, awnless brome 15-25%, alta fascue 15-25% and prostrata summercypress 5-15% mixed seeding.
Further, the method includes with Bromus inermis in percentage terms, by bur clover with 50%, awnless brome
20%, 10% mixed seeding of alta fascue 20% and prostrata summercypress.
Further, the mixed seeding is the One-line mixed sowing between standing grain section with pulse family, standing grain section, Li Keyi row mixed seeding.
Further, the different row mixed seeding is 1-2 row pulse family: 1-2 Hang He section: 1 Hang Li section.
Further, the different row mixed seeding is 2 row pulse families: 2 Hang He sections: 1 Hang Li section.
Further, each plant unicast amount presses bur clover 30kg/hm respectively in the mixed seeding2, awnless brome 30kg/hm2,
Alta fascue 15kg/hm2, prostrata summercypress 12kg/hm2It calculates.
Further, prostrata summercypress after planting covers thin soil layer in 11-12 month winter sowing in the mixed seeding, is no more than 1cm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention carries out different row mixed seeding by pulse family, standing grain section and Li Ke ratio appropriate,
Reasonably combined grass-layer structure improves compatibility between herbage, and competition is preferably minimized, and improves space luminous energy and soil and fertilizer utilizes
Rate promotes pulse family fixed nitrogen, and make in grass layer, lower layer's leaf rate and overall leaf amount increase, effectively improve the height of each plant, improve
The feeding value and unit area grass yield of herbage；Stable Mixture effect is formed, planting current year just shows good growing way
With higher production performance.
Specific embodiment
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below.The experiment side of actual conditions is not specified in embodiment
Method, usually according to conventional conditions or according to the manufacturer's recommendations.
Experimental field overview
It is experimental field located at Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Regions Kazak Autonomous Prefecture of Ili and has county Tekesi County under its command, be located in Tian Shanbei
The foot of a hill or mountain, Tekes river valley downstream are located at 40 ° 22 ' -43 ° 25 ' of north latitude, 81 ° 19 ' -82 ° 37 ' of east longitude, 1210.4 meters of height above sea level.It is annual
5.3 DEG C of temperature on average, -11.9 DEG C of January minimum temperature on average, 18.1 DEG C of July temperature on average, the highest temperature 36.2
DEG C, it is extremely affixed one's name to without severe cold substantially, hot dry wind.Annual range is 29.7 DEG C, and daily difference is 14.9 DEG C.Whole county mean annual precipitation is 375
Millimeter, while focusing mostly in spring and summer, the 74% of Zhan Quannian.Frost-free period is 118 days average.Whole year >=10 DEG C or more accumulated temperature are
2318.3℃.Annual total solar radiation amount about annual total solar radiation amount is about in 134.8 kilocalories/cm2, photosynthetically active radiation
It can relatively enrich, annual is about in 60 kilocalories/cm2More than.Fertile soil shows that organic matter average content exists through assay
5.63%~10.89%, in terms of soil nutrient content, the more average value of available nitrogen is 129.81mg/kg, and quick-acting potassium content is rich
Richness, average value 418mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus is on the low side, average value 4.78mg/kg.
It is turned over after applying sheep dung 50t/ha after experimental field machinery is bulldozed in the First Year autumn, it is artificial smooth.
Embodiment 1
Bur clover, awnless brome, alta fascue and prostrata summercypress are mixed in varing proportions, each ratio is as shown in table 1.Its
Unicast amount presses bur clover 30kg/hm respectively2, awnless brome 30kg/hm2, alta fascue 15kg/hm2, prostrata summercypress 12kg/hm2
It calculates, true value of seeds is in terms of 100%.
Prostrata summercypress is in December, 2017 winter sowing.Thin soil layer is after planting covered, 1cm is no more than.
Bur clover, awnless brome and alta fascue are sowed in 2 month of next year.
Each plant Bromus inermis of table 1
According still further to row plantation between the mode of different row mixed seeding:
Mixed seeding planting patterns A 1:1:1 (beans: standing grain: multitude) row；
Mixed seeding planting patterns B 2:2:2 (beans: standing grain: multitude) row；
Mixed seeding planting patterns C 1:2:1 (beans: standing grain: multitude) row；
Mixed seeding planting patterns D 2:2:1 (beans: standing grain: multitude) row；
Mixed seeding planting patterns E 2:1:1 (beans: standing grain: multitude) row；
Wherein awnless brome, alta fascue are One-line mixed sowing.
Designing each plot area is 3 meters × 2 meters, and every 15 row of cell, line-spacing 20cm is repeated 2 times, and is amounted at 20
Reason, processing scheme is as shown in table 2,40 cells.Bur clover, awnless brome, alta fascue and each unicast of prostrata summercypress are one small
Area.
2 processing scheme of table
Embodiment 2
Measuring method
According to plant growth situation, in September 12nd (leguminous forage florescence, graminous pasture heading stage) in 2018, often
The sample prescription that 0.5m*1m is randomly selected in a cell cradles height for the stubble left 5cm, and each sample takes 3 repetitions, measures phytoid production
Economic characters, the grass yields such as grass amount resurvey calculation with hay.The plant sample of acquisition is finished at 105 DEG C with constant temperature air blast drying box
10min, then drying to constant weight at 65 DEG C, measures dry weight, then produces area according to fresh and dried ratio and survey and converses unit area
Hay yield.The results are shown in Table 3.
The grass amount of each processing scheme of table 3
From table 3 it can be seen that this 4 kinds of careless mixed seeding are conducive to improve the stem/leaf ratio of mixing grass, promote the tiller of dogstail；Examination
It tests area meadow and just shows good growing way and higher production performance in planting current year, the yield of herbage is equal compared with unicast
It increases considerably, and greatly promotes the quality on meadow.And Ratio of dry to fresh matter of leaves is reduced, so that thick grass is become relatively dry.Prostrata summercypress is more
Pulse family fixed nitrogen is helped added with benefit, promotes to absorb, data, which are shown, and the row mixed seeding in the ranks of Dou He section one is than other schemes can more improve light
Energy utilization rate increases grass amount.
And the meadow cauline leaf of mixed seeding is in great numbers, each herbage has different plant height and plant type, and the thick grass formed is denser, covers
Cover degree is big, preferably the development of inhibition weed growth.Each processing scheme repeats to select in corresponding 3 rows measures its highest for each 10 plants respectively
Degree, then average computation compare, and the results are shown in Table 4.It is wherein whole that preferable plant height level is shown with mixed seeding scheme 2,
And prostrata summercypress second year can at least reach 120-150cm or more.
The plant height (cm) of each processing scheme of table 4
For the present invention also with other mixed sowing of turf grass plantings, effect technical solution effect not as provided by the present invention is bright
It is aobvious, so this will not be detailed here.
Finally, it is stated that preferred embodiment above is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it, although logical
It crosses above preferred embodiment the present invention is described in detail, however, those skilled in the art should understand that, can be
Various changes are made to it in form and in details, without departing from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of mixed seeding planting and establishing method, which is characterized in that the method includes with Bromus inermis in percentage terms, by bur clover
With 40-65%, awnless brome 15-25%, alta fascue 15-25% and prostrata summercypress 5-15% mixed seeding.
2. mixed seeding planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method includes pressing percentage with Bromus inermis
Than meter, by bur clover with 10% mixed seeding of 50%, awnless brome 20%, alta fascue 20% and prostrata summercypress.
3. mixed seeding planting and establishing method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the mixed seeding is with pulse family, standing grain section, multitude
The different row mixed seeding of section, One-line mixed sowing between standing grain section.
4. mixed seeding planting and establishing method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the different row mixed seeding is 1-2 row pulse family: 1-2
Hang He section: 1 Hang Li section.
5. mixed seeding planting and establishing method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the different row mixed seeding is 2 row pulse families: 2 row standing grain
Section: 1 Hang Li section.
6. mixed seeding planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that each plant unicast amount is pressed respectively in the mixed seeding
Bur clover 120kg/hm2, awnless brome 30kg/hm2, alta fascue 15kg/hm2, prostrata summercypress 12kg/hm2It calculates.
7. mixed seeding planting and establishing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that prostrata summercypress is in the 11-12 winter month in the mixed seeding
It broadcasts, after planting covers thin soil layer, be no more than 1cm.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111386978A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-10 | 北京佛朗斯创意咨询有限公司 | Method for mixed planting management of pastures in ecological pasture and application |
| CN114503883A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-17 | 黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所 | Method for improving success rate of forage grass planting in erosion gully of black soil area |
| CN114568217A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-03 | 甘肃农业大学 | Mixed sowing method for alfalfa beans and brome-free wheat in semi-arid areas |
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| CN101444169A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-06-03 | 西南大学 | Method for mixedly sowing annual ryegrass and perennial grass |
| CN108901647A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-30 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | The restoration methods and grassland region ecological restoring method of grassland region devastated land vegetation |
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Patent Citations (2)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101444169A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-06-03 | 西南大学 | Method for mixedly sowing annual ryegrass and perennial grass |
| CN108901647A (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2018-11-30 | 内蒙古蒙草生态环境（集团）股份有限公司 | The restoration methods and grassland region ecological restoring method of grassland region devastated land vegetation |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111386978A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-10 | 北京佛朗斯创意咨询有限公司 | Method for mixed planting management of pastures in ecological pasture and application |
| CN114503883A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-05-17 | 黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所 | Method for improving success rate of forage grass planting in erosion gully of black soil area |
| CN114568217A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-03 | 甘肃农业大学 | Mixed sowing method for alfalfa beans and brome-free wheat in semi-arid areas |
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Application publication date: 20190405 |
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