CN102550280A - Method for intercropping silage corn with kidney bean - Google Patents
Method for intercropping silage corn with kidney bean Download PDFInfo
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- CN102550280A CN102550280A CN2012100819752A CN201210081975A CN102550280A CN 102550280 A CN102550280 A CN 102550280A CN 2012100819752 A CN2012100819752 A CN 2012100819752A CN 201210081975 A CN201210081975 A CN 201210081975A CN 102550280 A CN102550280 A CN 102550280A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for intercropping silage corn with kidney bean, which includes land preparation, base fertilizer application, seeding, seedling evening, intertillage for weeding, topdressing and harvesting. The method is characterized in that the kidney bean is intercropped among rows of the silage corn, the row spacing of the silage corn is 40-50cm, the spacing between one silage corn row and one kidney bean row is 8-15cm, and seeding depth is 3-5cm. The method has the advantages that land is effectively utilized, biological yield is increased, crop quality is improved, cost is saved and the like.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of cultivation method, and what be specifically related to is the cultivation method of silage corn and kidney bean.
Background technology
Silage corn (
Zea maysL.) being most widely used silage fodder in the world wide, also is particularly one of indispensable important foundation feed of cattle-raising of aquaculture.But; The silage corn protein content is generally lower; Generally account for its dry matter 6%-9%; And contain more lignin, hemilignin, cellulose composite etc. and be difficult to be digested to branch by animal, but fermentable carbohydrates content is low, and the whole trophic level of ruminant roughage supply system is descended.Kidney bean is annual the overgrowing property herbaceous plant of pulse family, and adaptability is wider, especially extensively cultivates in rural areas of south China, is one of modal vegetables, and economic worth is higher.Kidney bean rich in proteins and several amino acids, crude protein account for about dry matter 16%-20%, are higher than silage corn far away, and its digestibility is very high.
Along with milk cow moves south to, silage corn is increasing in southern each provinces and regions cultivated area.The income that on limited soil, how to make full use of natural resourcess raising silage corn output, quality and peasant households such as the abundant light in south, heat, water is one of key factor that promotes southern animal husbandry development.If adopt traditional cropping pattern, can't effectively utilize the arable land, do not reach the highest economic benefit, and the consumption to the soil is very big in the silage corn process of growth, thereby the fertilizer usage amount is also increased greatly.
In addition, silage corn mainly be with results trophosome be purpose, all different with fabaceous cultivation of existing grain corn intercrop and harvesting approach, so only adopt the fabaceous cultivation method of existing grain corn intercrop not satisfy the demands.Have, corn and fabaceous planting density also have bigger influence to it again, and density is less, and its land utilization rate does not reach the highest, makes economic benefit relatively poor; Density is bigger, can the utilization ratio of each item factors such as light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer be exerted an influence again, and causes insect pest easily.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of silage corn and the kidney bean intercropping culture method that can effectively utilize the arable land, increase biological yield, improve biological quality, practice thrift cost.
Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is following: silage corn and kidney bean intercropping culture method; Comprise whole ground, apply base fertilizer, sowing, even seedling, intertill and clean tillage, topdress and gather in; The mode that said sowing adopts silage corn to overlap kidney bean in the ranks; Spacing between the silage corn is 40～50cm, and the distance between silage corn and the kidney bean is 8～15cm, and the degree of depth of sowing is 3～5cm.
Further, above-mentioned silage corn sowing was sowed kidney bean after 5～7 days.
As the embodiment of optimum, the seeding method of above-mentioned silage corn and kidney bean is bunch planting, 3～4 seeds of every bunch planting kind.
In order to reach best growth result, spare seedling when said silage corn and kidney bean length to 3～7 leaves, every cave remains a strain healthy seedling behind the even seedling.
The density of said healthy seedling is 60000～63000 strains/hm
2
In order to make its better growth, the above-mentioned base fertilizer that applies is for applying composite fertilizer 300kg/hm
2～600kg/hm
2, perhaps apply the farmyard manure 22500kg/hm after becoming thoroughly decomposed
2～45000kg/hm
2
In order to reach the highest output, above-mentioned dressing time is silage corn shooting stage and tasseling stage.
Further again, above-mentioned topdressing adopted 75 kg/hm
2～225kg/hm
2Urea or 15000kg/hm
2～30000kg/hm
2Become thoroughly decomposed after farmyard manure.
Further, above-mentioned silage corn and kidney bean complete stool harvesting time are the milk ripe stage of silage corn.
The present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, the present invention is different with spatial niche silage corn and kidney bean are combined; Make its one high and one low on form; The time that monoyin and monoyang on the physiology, maximum leaf area occur in the morning and evening, thereby improved the utilization ratio of each item factors such as light, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer; Compare with nonoculture, it has, and output is relatively stable, output is high, can effectively utilize arable land, economic benefit advantages of higher;
2, the present invention adopts silage corn and kidney bean to gather in simultaneously, has improved nutritive value and digestibility after mixing up greatly, thereby promotes the productivity of animal;
3, the present invention has improved the cropping index of ploughing, and simultaneously, the ventilating duct that intercropping and interplanting forms can effectively prevent the generation of damage by disease and insect, has the advantage that suppresses weeds propagation and widespread and damage by disease and insect, uses thereby effectively reduce agricultural chemicals, plays the effect of bionomic control;
4, the silage corn of the present invention's employing and the kidney bean root system degree of depth and distribution are all inequality, and it is planted in silage corn, can utilize the nutrient and the moisture of different soil better;
5, the present invention adopts kidney bean and silage corn intercropping and interplanting, because of kidney bean has the effect of self fixed nitrogen, thereby on nitrogen shifts, can play complementation, coordination or even short mutually effect with silage corn, gives full play to interbiotic complementation;
6, in the whole process of the present invention the usage amount of agricultural chemicals few, need not to spend the labour and material is built the bracing frame of seeking connections with in the kidney bean process of growth, can effectively practice thrift cost;
7, method of the present invention is simple, and is with low cost, is suitable for promoting.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further, but embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
Silage corn and kidney bean intercropping culture method comprise wholely, apply base fertilizer, sowing, even seedling, intertill and clean tillage, topdress and gather in.
Whole ground: the ground arrangement is the cultivation mode of intercropping; It is the cultivation mode that silage corn overlaps kidney bean in the ranks; Its seeding method is bunch planting; So silage corn is capable and row between distance be set to 50cm, and the distance between adjacent two the silage corn caves of every row is set to 40cm, silage corn capable with row between the kidney bean of interplanting and the line space of silage corn be 8～15cm.
Apply base fertilizer: base fertilizer of the present invention is applied with dual mode.One of which applies 300kg/hm
2～600kg/hm
2Composite fertilizer; Its two, apply 22500 kg/hm
2～45000kg/hm
2Farmyard manure after becoming thoroughly decomposed.That apply in the present embodiment is 400kg/hm
2Composite fertilizer.
Sowing: sowing depth of the present invention is 3～5cm; Sowing time be late March to late May, the present invention adopts the method for timesharing sowing, the silage corn sowing is sowed kidney bean after 6 days again; 3～4 seeds of the sowing in every cave after planting need be used chemical control cutworms such as poison bait.
Even seedling: when silage corn and kidney bean length to 3～7 leaves, spare seedling, promptly in the seedling that grows, select the seedling of stalwartness, all the other seedling are pulled out.The density of pulling out back residue healthy seedling is about 63000 strains/hm
2
Intertill and clean tillage: intertill after emerging and cut weeds.
Topdress: dressing time of the present invention is silage corn shooting stage and tasseling stage, promptly all once topdresses in silage corn shooting stage and tasseling stage, and the consumption that topdresses is 75 kg/hm
2～225kg/hm
2Urea or 15000kg/hm
2～30000kg/hm
2Become thoroughly decomposed after farmyard manure.That present embodiment adopts is 90 kg/hm
2Urea topdress.
The kidney bean seedling begin to take out climing after, to fail to seek connections with master on silage corn stem stalk climing carry out suitable draw climing.
Harvesting: above-mentioned silage corn and kidney bean complete stool harvesting time are the milk ripe stage of silage corn.Before milk ripe stage, kidney bean will bear pods at silage corn, can pluck a Kidney bean in approaching peak period of bearing pods and sell as vegetables; After silage corn gets into milk ripe stage, complete stool results silage corn and kidney bean simultaneously, the complete stool silage corn and the kidney bean of these results are fed milk cow as winter-spring season high-quality forage grass after just can be used as bright forage grass or ensiling.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment only is with the difference of embodiment 1: the base fertilizer that applies with topdress differently, the base fertilizer that present embodiment applies is 36000kg/hm
2Farmyard manure after becoming thoroughly decomposed, topdressing is 75kg/hm
2Urea.The difference of present embodiment is that also the density of healthy seedling is about 62000 strains/hm behind the even seedling
2
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment only is with the difference of embodiment 1: the base fertilizer that applies with topdress differently, the base fertilizer that present embodiment applies is 28000kg/hm
2Farmyard manure after becoming thoroughly decomposed, topdressing is 23000kg/hm
2Become thoroughly decomposed after farmyard manure.The difference of present embodiment is that also the density of healthy seedling is about 61000 strains/hm behind the even seedling
2
Through detecting, adopt the planting patterns of above embodiment 1, the bright biological output of results is 134.42 t/hm
2, compare with the harvest yield of prior art silage corn and to have improved 85.54%, wherein protein content has increased by 51.98%, and digestibility has improved 2.32%.
According to above embodiment, just can well realize the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. silage corn and kidney bean intercropping culture method; Comprise whole ground, apply base fertilizer, sowing, even seedling, intertill and clean tillage, topdress and gather in; It is characterized in that, the mode that said sowing adopts silage corn to overlap kidney bean in the ranks, the spacing between the silage corn is 40～50cm; Distance between silage corn and the kidney bean is 8～15cm, and the degree of depth of sowing is 3～5cm.
2. silage corn according to claim 1 and kidney bean intercropping culture method is characterized in that, above-mentioned silage corn sowing was sowed kidney bean after 5～7 days.
3. silage corn according to claim 2 and kidney bean intercropping culture method is characterized in that the seeding method of above-mentioned silage corn and kidney bean is bunch planting, 3～4 seeds of every bunch planting kind.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described silage corns and kidney bean intercropping culture method, it is characterized in that, spare seedling when said silage corn and kidney bean length to 3～7 leaves, every cave remains a strain healthy seedling behind the even seedling.
5. silage corn according to claim 4 and kidney bean intercropping culture method is characterized in that the density of said healthy seedling is 60000～63000 strains/hm
2
6. silage corn according to claim 5 and kidney bean intercropping culture method is characterized in that, the above-mentioned base fertilizer that applies is for applying composite fertilizer 300kg/hm
2～600kg/hm
2, perhaps apply the farmyard manure 22500kg/hm after becoming thoroughly decomposed
2～45000kg/hm
2
7. silage corn according to claim 6 and kidney bean intercropping culture method is characterized in that above-mentioned dressing time is silage corn shooting stage and tasseling stage.
8. silage corn according to claim 7 and kidney bean intercropping culture method is characterized in that, above-mentioned topdressing adopted 75 kg/hm
2～225kg/hm
2Urea or 15000kg/hm
2～30000kg/hm
2Become thoroughly decomposed after farmyard manure.
9. silage corn according to claim 8 and kidney bean intercropping culture method is characterized in that, above-mentioned silage corn and kidney bean complete stool harvesting time are the milk ripe stage of silage corn.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103039253A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-17 | 山东天泰种业有限公司 | Method for cultivating good-quality high-yield silage corns |
| CN103168674A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-06-26 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Method for breeding maize stay-green and premature-aging resistant inbred line and silage maize hybrid thereof |
| CN103202159A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-07-17 | 东北农业大学 | Silage corn and fodder soybean mixture sowing method |
| CN104380941A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2015-03-04 | 卢仁华 | Vine plant and tall plant inter-planting method |
| CN109042158A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-21 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of regional three kind of three receipts Silage high-yield planting method in Henan south |
| CN112021102A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-04 | 四川省草业技术研究推广中心 | Planting method for silage corns in plateau area |
| CN113349007A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-07 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | Method for improving quality of silage corn feed based on sprawl forage grass soybean |
| CN113597995A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-11-05 | 镇远县兴农肉牛发展有限公司 | Planting method of silage corns |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103168674A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-06-26 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Method for breeding maize stay-green and premature-aging resistant inbred line and silage maize hybrid thereof |
| CN103039253A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-17 | 山东天泰种业有限公司 | Method for cultivating good-quality high-yield silage corns |
| CN103039253B (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2015-05-13 | 山东中农天泰种业有限公司 | Method for cultivating good-quality high-yield silage corns |
| CN103202159A (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2013-07-17 | 东北农业大学 | Silage corn and fodder soybean mixture sowing method |
| CN104380941A (en) * | 2014-09-20 | 2015-03-04 | 卢仁华 | Vine plant and tall plant inter-planting method |
| CN109042158A (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-12-21 | 河南省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所 | A kind of regional three kind of three receipts Silage high-yield planting method in Henan south |
| CN112021102A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2020-12-04 | 四川省草业技术研究推广中心 | Planting method for silage corns in plateau area |
| CN113597995A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-11-05 | 镇远县兴农肉牛发展有限公司 | Planting method of silage corns |
| CN113349007A (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2021-09-07 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | Method for improving quality of silage corn feed based on sprawl forage grass soybean |
| CN113349007B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2022-08-09 | 宁夏农林科学院农作物研究所（宁夏回族自治区农作物育种中心） | Method for improving quality of silage corn feed based on sprawl forage grass soybean |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |