CN103168674A - Method for breeding maize stay-green and premature-aging resistant inbred line and silage maize hybrid thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for breeding maize stay-green and premature-aging resistant inbred line and a silage maize hybrid thereof. A maize stay-green and premature-aging resistant inbred line B31-3 is bred is as follows: the tropical maize population germplasm is taken as the basic material, and then the directional selection is carried out according to a pedigree method; the maize stay-green and premature-aging resistant inbred line B31-3 as the female parent is crossbred with a self-selected line P-64, and a silage maize single-cross hybrid, i.e., Yu Qingyu NO. 3, is bred in 2010. The silage maize hybrid has the advantages of strong growth power, large plant vegetative mass, field resistance, strong lodging resistance, ripe living plants, excellent seed quality, excellent nutrient quality of the whole plant, high biological production and the like; the time from emergence of seedlings to cutting is 126 days, the plant height is 3.03 m, the ear height is 1.33 m, the total number of leaves of the whole plant is 21-22 pieces, the average number of green leaves is 13.1 pieces, the ear length is 19.9 cm, the number of row of bald ear is 16.9, the grains per row are 35.5, the seeds are yellow and half horse-toothed, and the silage maize hybrid is suitable for planting in plain and hill areas in Chongqing, mid-low mountain areas, high mountain areas and similar ecological areas.

Description

A kind of corn is held green premature senescence resistance inbred line initiative and silage corn hybrid seed breeding method

One, affiliated field

The present invention relates in agricultural science and technology Crop Genetics and Breeding section, be specifically related to a kind of corn and hold green premature senescence resistance inbred line initiative and silage corn hybrid seed breeding method.

Two, background technology

Corn is one of important cereal crops, is the important feed resource of livestock breeding, along with the herding dairy industry is fast-developing, and the feed contradiction that supply falls short of demand.Corn is important feed resource, and the silage corn plant is tall and big, and biological yield is high, product are of fine quality, be the first-class quality silage of herbivorous animal, strengthen the research to silage corn new germ plasm inbred line and new hybrid compound formulation, develop significant to seed industry, feed industry, grocery trade.

Three, summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to cultivate that a kind of Comprehensive Traits is excellent, coordinate force is high, hold the corn inbred line new germ plasm that green property is high, disease resistance is strong and utilize it as one of parent, assembly is suitable for the special ensiling corn hybrid seed of Southwest Mountainous Areas, Wuling mountain area and similar ecotope popularizing planting.

To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is that corn is held green inbred line and breeding hybridized, clicks the method acquisition:

1) free corn is held green premature senescence resistance inbred line material B 31-3

1. material source

Academy of agricultural sciences, Chongqing City (the former Chongqing City institute of agricultural sciences) autumn in 1998 is introduced " safe group " tropic maize population from Guangxi District corn research institute, selects excellent strain by the continuous selfing of pedigree method, through Chongqing and strange land, Yunnan 11 generation directive breeding, in seed selection in 2004 success.

2. B31-3 inbred line standard

A. seedling leaf look pale green, growing way is medium, the leaf sheath purple.The total leaf 20-21 of strain sheet, blade is shorter narrow, leaf and cane angle＜35 ° on fringe, leaf on fringe＜45 °, plant type half is compact.Plant height 168cm, the fringe high 63cm in position.Tassel one-level branch 12-16, the tassel small ear is arranged moderate, and flower pesticide is yellow, in pollen amount, loose powder is general, the filigree peony, and the large and small pinta of field performance high resistance, head smut, banded sclerotial blight, anti-fall heat-resisting drought-enduring power is strong, plant is short strong, and it is long that blade is held the green phase, straw staygreen;

B. fruit ear cartridge type, in the fringe handle, spike length 14cm, the thick 4.5cm of fringe, tassel row number 14 row, several 30 of row grain, cob is red.Seed is yellow, half horse flute profile.100-grain weight 27.5 grams;

C. late-maturing type in belonging to is from being seeded into ripe the results 130 days breeding times;

2) No. 3, silage corn single cross hybrid Chongqing sapphire

The academy of agricultural sciences, Chongqing City take self-fertile hold green premature senescence resistance inbred line B31-3 as maternal, form in assembly seed selection in 2003 take free inbred line P-64 as male parent, test code number S3505,2010 by the authorization of the Chongqing City variety of crops committee, No. 3, called after Chongqing sapphire.

1. breed standard

A. changing, No. 3, sapphire growing way in seedling stage is prosperous, the leaf sheath purple.3.03 meters of plant heights, the fringe position is high 1.33 meters, half compact plant type.The total leaf 21-22 of complete stool sheet, during results, the average green number of blade is 13.1.The long 19.9cm of fruit ear, bald tassel row number 16.9 row, several 35.5 of row grain.Seed is yellow, half horse tooth.The field performance is anti-fall, premunition is strong, and the bar of living is ripe;

B. ripe in, 126 days breeding times (emerge-cradle), than contrast Chongqing single No. 8 long 3 days;

2. seeding technique

Date of seeding

Female parent is first broadcast, and male parent subsequently.Male parent is divided the sowing of three phases, and the first expectation female parent sprouts and broadcasts 60% when broadcasting 10%, the second maternal 1 leaf 1 heart of expectation when revealing pin, and third phase male parent broadcasts 30% when maternal 2 leaf 1 heart;

B. father and mother's row compares: be advisable with 1: 5;

C. maternal mu is planted the 4200-4500 strain, and male parent mu is planted 4000 strains.

No. 3, the Chongqing sapphire of seed selection of the present invention is through academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan Province Institute of Plant Protection's inoculated identification: middle Resistance To Helminthosporium Turcicum, banded sclerotial blight, sense head smut, helminthosporium maydis, corn borer, high sense stem rot, the bar of living is ripe, hold green property strong, the ripe Half Close Plant Type of Hybrid kind of this kind can suitably increase density.Double cropping, can sow spring when March, early and middle ten days temperature reached 12 ℃, adopts plastic film, two leaves are transplanted wholeheartedly the time, mid or late June results; Sow in late June to early July autumn; In good time results, milking maturity plant water content in latter stage be 61-68% both milk-line move down into the seed 1/2-3/4 stage and in time gather in the crops.

Measure through grain quality supervision and inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture, its protein, lysine content are higher, and product are of fine quality.Full seed contains crude protein 11.02%, lysine 0.33%, crude fat 4.48%, thick starch 67.68%, unit weight 686g/l.Measure through Beijing agricultural college, No. 3 whole strain crude protein contents 9.92% of Chongqing sapphire, neutral detergent fiber content 48.84%, acid detergent fiber content 22.92% reaches silage corn standard best in quality.

Four, embodiment

Below in conjunction with corn single cross hybrid of the present invention and concrete regional test, the present invention is described in further detail.

1. corn is held the cultivation of green premature senescence resistance inbred line B31-3

B31-3 is that academy of agricultural sciences, Chongqing City corn institute selects excellent strain from Thailand torrid zone germplasm colony, adds generation in the Nan Fan strange land in one's power through this, the stable inbred line that adopts the seed selection of the directed inbreeding of more generation purifying of pedigree method to form.Have ripe, in short bar, plant type half compact, premunition is strong, live that bar is ripe, dark, the coordinate force advantages of higher of the large grain of fringe." safe group " tropical germplasm is introduced from the Guangxi corn by me.

2. No. 3 selections of silage corn new varieties Chongqings sapphire

To hold green premature senescence resistance inbred line B31-3 as female parent, self-fertile inbred line P-64 as male parent, adopt tropical germplasm * temperate zone germplasm pattern hybridization assembly in 2003, by experimental study in 6 years, in 2010 by Chongqing City variety of crops committee authorization, No. 3, called after Chongqing sapphire.

3. No. 3 crossbreed standards of sapphire change

Prosperous, the leaf sheath purple of growing way in seedling stage.3.03 meters of plant heights, the fringe position is high 1.33 meters, half compact plant type.The total leaf 21-22 of complete stool sheet, during results, the average green number of blade is 13.1.The long 19.9cm of fruit ear, bald tassel row number 16.9 row, several 35.5 of row grain.Seed is yellow, half horse tooth.The field performance is anti-fall, premunition is strong, and the bar of living is ripe.

Performance high resistance stem rot, head smut, helminthosporium maydis under the natural conditions of field, anti-banded sclerotial blight and leaf blight.Through academy of agricultural sciences, Sichuan Province Institute of Plant Protection's inoculated identification, middle Resistance To Helminthosporium Turcicum, banded sclerotial blight, sense head smut, helminthosporium maydis, corn borer, high sense stem rot.In ripe, 126 days breeding times (emerge-cradle), than contrast Chongqing single No. 8 long 3 days.

4. No. 3 prerun of Chongqing sapphire, district's examination, production test demonstration result gather

The prerun test: participated in Maize In Mountainous Area multiple spot test average yield per mu 603.8kg in 2005, grain yield is than refined beautiful No. 2 volume increase 30.9% of contrast; Participated in Chongqing City's Maize In Mountainous Area prerun per mu yield 545.00kg in 2006, grain yield is than single No. 8 volume increase 3.87% in contrast Chongqing.

Regional test: participated in 474.1 kilograms of Chongqing corn regional test average yield per mus in 2007, grain yield is than the single No. 8 average volume increase 7.58% in contrast Chongqing; Participated in 544.4 kilograms of Chongqing City's corn regional test average yield per mus in 2008, grain yield is than single 8 volume increase 1.95% in contrast Chongqing; 509.2 kilograms of 2007-2008 Liang Nian district examination average yield per mus, grain yield is than single No. 8 volume increase 4.77% in contrast Chongqing.

Production test: 573.9 kilograms of production test per mu yields in 2008, grain yield is than single No. 8 volume increase 7.4% in Chongqing; 2008 WuLong, the tenth of the twelve Earthly Branches sun, Fengjie add up to 20.5 mu of demonstration plants, grain yield is than single No. 8 volume increase in contrast Chongqing more than 10.0%; Participated in Chongqing City's silage corn production test in 2009,1265.8 kilograms of biological yield average yield per mu dry matteies are than single No. 8 volume increase 35.22% in contrast Chongqing.

5. suitable area and yield level and culture technique main points

Be suitable for shallow mound, Chongqing City and middle high Mountain area and do special ensiling corn spring sowing plantation, general per mu yield whole corn silage reaches 4.1 tons, 506 kilograms of yield of kernels per mu yields; Spring, autumn double cropping can realize 6.0 tons of per mu yield whole corn silages.

The culture technique main points:

1. select the plot plantation that soil fertility is higher, convenient traffic is transported

Be chosen near the cattle and sheep cultivation bases, way easily in the field plantation of upper fertility;

2. interval sowing, early sowing in good time

Can sow spring when March, early and middle ten days temperature reached 12 ℃, and be advisable in late June, early July sowing the second season;

3. suitably increase density, set up short enough yielding Populations

The planting density of silage corn generally increases by 50% (1000-1500 strain) than conventional corn; Spring, mu was planted the 3000-3500 strain, and autumn, mu was planted the 4000-4200 strain;

4. increase rich water, promote biological yield and nutritional quality to form

Mu organic fertilizer 2000-3000kg, composite fertilizer 30-40kg, urea 40-50kg;

5. enhance field management, in good time results.

Be controlled at milking maturity latter stage the harvest time of whole corn silage, namely milk-line moves down into the seed 1/2-3/4 stage.

Seeding technique:

Adopt the quadrature production of hybrid seeds, female parent is first broadcast, and male parent subsequently.Male parent is divided the sowing of three phases, and the first expectation female parent sprouts and broadcasts 60% when broadcasting 10%, the second maternal 1 leaf 1 heart of expectation when revealing pin, and third phase male parent broadcasts 30% when maternal 2 leaf 1 heart.Father and mother's row ratio: be advisable with 1: 5, maternal mu is planted the 4200-4500 strain, and male parent mu is planted 4000 strains, strict roguing, in time female parent band leaf is taken out hero.

Claims (1)

1. a corn is held green premature senescence resistance inbred line initiative and silage corn hybrid seed breeding method, it is characterized in that: click selection and obtain:

1) corn is held green premature senescence resistance inbred line material B 31-3

1. material source

Academy of agricultural sciences, Chongqing City (the former Chongqing City institute of agricultural sciences) autumn in 1998 is introduced " safe group " tropic maize population from Guangxi District corn research institute, selects excellent strain by the continuous selfing of pedigree method, through Chongqing and strange land, Yunnan 11 generation directive breeding, in seed selection in 2004 success;

2. B31-3 holds green inbred line standard

A. seedling leaf look pale green, growing way is medium, the leaf sheath purple.The total leaf 20-21 of strain sheet, blade is shorter narrow, leaf and cane angle＜35 ° on fringe, leaf on fringe＜45 °, plant type half is compact.Plant height 168cm, the fringe high 63cm in position.Tassel one-level branch 12-16, the tassel small ear is arranged moderate, and flower pesticide is yellow, in pollen amount, loose powder is general, the filigree peony, and the large and small pinta of field performance high resistance, head smut, banded sclerotial blight, anti-fall heat-resisting drought-enduring power is strong, plant is short strong, and it is long that blade is held the green phase, straw staygreen;

B. fruit ear cartridge type, in the fringe handle, spike length 14cm, the thick 4.5cm of fringe, tassel row number 14 row, several 30 of row grain, cob is red.Seed is yellow, half horse flute profile.100-grain weight 27.5 grams;

C. late-maturing type in belonging to is from being seeded into ripe the results 130 days breeding times;

2) No. 3, silage corn single cross hybrid Chongqing sapphire

The academy of agricultural sciences, Chongqing City take self-fertile hold green premature senescence resistance inbred line B31-3 as maternal, form in assembly seed selection in 2003 take free inbred line P-64 as male parent, test code number S3505,2010 by the authorization of the Chongqing City variety of crops committee, No. 3, called after Chongqing sapphire.

1. breed standard

A. changing, No. 3, sapphire growing way in seedling stage is prosperous, the leaf sheath purple.3.03 meters of plant heights, the fringe position is high 1.33 meters, half compact plant type.The total leaf 21-22 of complete stool sheet, during results, the average green number of blade is 13.1.The long 19.9cm of fruit ear, bald tassel row number 16.9 row, several 35.5 of row grain.Seed is yellow, half horse tooth.The field performance is anti-fall, premunition is strong, and the bar of living is ripe;

B. ripe in, 126 days breeding times (emerge-cradle), than contrast Chongqing single No. 8 long 3 days;

2. seeding technique

A. date of seeding

Female parent is first broadcast, and male parent subsequently.Male parent is divided the sowing of three phases, and the first expectation female parent sprouts and broadcasts 60% when broadcasting 10%, the second maternal 1 leaf 1 heart of expectation when revealing pin, and third phase male parent broadcasts 30% when maternal 2 leaf 1 heart;

B. father and mother's row compares: be advisable with 1: 5;

C. maternal mu is planted the 4200-4500 strain, and male parent mu is planted 4000 strains.