CN102124944A - Breeding method of hybrid corn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a breeding method of a hybrid corn, comprising the following steps of: cultivating a male parent by taking E28/Chang 7-2 as basic materials; cultivating a female parent by taking P78599/478 as the basic materials; and preparing hybrid Jindan No.63. The breeding method disclosed by the invention realizes the organic combination of the disease resistance, the lodging resistance, the high yield and the water-saving performance of summer corn breeds and has appropriate maturation stage, wide adaptability and high seed production output.

Description

The selection of hybrid maize

Technical field

The present invention relates to the corn selection, be specifically related to the selection of single No. 63 of hybrid maize Shanxi.

Background technology

At present, in the production summer corn kind of large-area applications be Zheng Dan 958 and dredge single 20, Zheng Dan 958 production applications for many years, kind property is degenerated to some extent, its comprehensive resistance, yielding ability all descend to some extent; Dredge single 20 disease resistances, yielding ability is all fine, but maximum shortcoming is the biased height of fringe, easily lodging is often because of the serious underproduction of lodging.

The single No. 63 material therefor E28 in selecting and breeding corn Shanxi are that the prosperous grade of the Wu Ji of academy of agricultural sciences, Dandong is anti-source and trip's 9 wide hybridization with A619Ht, with trip 9 wide third backcross generations, continuously selfing many generations, breed in 1979, and pollen amount is big, and it is good to protect green property, and general combining ability is good.Prosperous 7-2 is that the bright grade of the Cui Jun of Anyang institute of agricultural sciences serves as for No. 7 that basis importing S901 torrid zone germplasm seed selection forms with prosperous list, the plant type compactness, and the ripe phase is moderate, and pollen amount is big, the coordinate force height.Tucking in 478 is the seed selections from the second cycle line of U8112 and 5003 in 1984 of Laizhou City, Shandong Province corn research institute, plant type compactness, the anti-multiple diseases of holding concurrently, good stress resistance, coordinate force height.P78599 is selected from the crossbreed PN78599 of U.S. Pioneer Electronic Corp., contains the torrid zone and subtropics corn germplasm, and hereditary basis is abundant, disease resistance and coordinate force height.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to cultivate a kind of high yield, high-quality and/or many anti-corn seeds is main target.To achieve these goals, the present invention takes following technical scheme:

One aspect of the present invention relates to the breeding method of a kind of hybrid maize, it is characterized in that with the prosperous 7-2 of E28/ being that basic material is cultivated male parent, is that basic material is cultivated female parent with P78599/478.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, be recurrent parent with prosperous 7-2 and/or 478.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein female parent is a recurrent parent with 478, backcrosses 2-5 generation, preferably backcrosses for 3 generations; In selfing 1-10 generation, obtain maternal inbred line, 5 generations of preferred selfing.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, wherein male parent is a recurrent parent with prosperous 7-2, backcrosses 1-3 generation, preferably backcrosses for 2 generations; Selfing 1-10 forms for seed selection again, 5 generations of preferred selfing.

The invention still further relates to the purposes of the corn that aforementioned breeding method cultivates, described purposes is as plantation, breeding, edible or material processed.

The Shanxi that the method according to this invention is cultivated is that american corn drought resisting, disease-resistant gene are imported the good local germplasm of China single No. 63, with disease-resistant, anti-ly falling of breeding of China high yield high-combining ability germplasm hybridization, stable high yield corn variety, it has following at least one or a plurality of advantage.

1, disease resistance is strong, the main disease corn of high anti-replay district's corn short mosaic disease, anti-corn southern leaf blight, ear rot, in the anti-corn northern leaf blight.

2, lodging resistance is strong, and reasonably plant type structure, lower fringe position and flourishing root system make this kind have extremely strong lodging resistance energy, and have stronger drought resistance.

3, stable high yield in the examination of Shanxi Province's replay district, production test, on average contrasts Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 7.0%, 11.6%, volume increase point 100%.Multiple spot experiment and demonstration plantation increase yield significantly, summer corn high yield tackling key problem test per mu yield reaches 1025.45 kilograms.

4, best in quality, grain test weight reaches more than the 724g/L, surpasses country-level commodity (710g/L) Standard for Maize, and thick content of starch 73.19% surpasses high starch maize secondary (〉=72.0%) standard.

5, seeding technique is simple, the output height, and the seed production cost is low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the described breeding method of the embodiment of the invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.

1, parental source

Maternal inbred line PK17: be to serve as that choosing is a basic material with this hybrid combination of P78599/478, with 478 is recurrent parent, backcrossed for 3 generations, again through 5 generation the strange land shuttle back and forth seed selection, meticulously select, eliminate, the high-combining ability that seed selection becomes, multiresistance, strong growing way superior corn inbred line.

Male parent inbred line PK8: being to be basic material with the prosperous 7-2 of E28/, is recurrent parent with prosperous 7-2, backcrosses for 2 generations, and selfing 5 generation seed selection forms again.

2, feature

2.1 variety characteristic seedling growing way is strong, first leaf is avette, the leaf sheath aubergine, and the leaf look dark green; Become strain plant height 240cm, the high 100cm in fringe position, the plant type compactness, dark green, the little outer volume of blade broad, tassel branch 16-20, male and female are coordinated, filigree pink colour, flower pesticide yellow.The fruit ear tubular, spike length 20-22cm, limited solid, tassel row number 16～18 row, thousand kernel weight 380.0g, seed-producing rate 86.7%, seed yellow, horse flute profile, axle white.Replay district, south, Shanxi Province is about 95 days breeding times, and need 〉=10 ℃ accumulated temperature 2400-2500 ℃ breeding time.The greenery maturation, later stage kernel grouting speed is fast, and dehydration is fast, and maturity is good.

2.2 quality and resistance are measured through grain quality supervision and inspection center of the Ministry of Agriculture, unit weight 724g/L, crude protein (butt) 10.12%, crude fat (butt) 4.94%, thick starch (butt) 73.19%, lysine (butt) 0.29%.

2005-2006 connects the dientification of bacteria through Inst. of Plant Protection, Shanxi Prov. Academy of Agricaultural Sciences, high anti-short mosaic disease, anti-corn southern leaf blight, leaf blight, bacterial wilt, ear rot; The sense head smut.Lodging resistance is strong, and has stronger drought resistance and annidation widely.

3, output performance

3.1 Shanxi Province's regional test and production test

2005-2006 carries out regional test in the south, Shanxi Province, and average yield is respectively 630.5 kilograms/mu and 558.3 kilograms/mu, contrasts Shanxi list 39, Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 7.9% and 6.1% respectively.14 tests in 2 years, 13 volume increase, 1 underproduction, the volume increase point reaches 93%.Proceeded production test in 2007, average yield is 657.5 kilograms/mu, and comparison is according to Zheng Dan 958 volume increase 11.6%.7 tests, the volume increase point reaches 100%.Comprehensive regional test and production test, this kind is than Zheng Dan 958 increase yield significantlies, and comprehensive resistance is strong, and yield stability is good.

4, seeding technique

Choosing ground isolates: in the seed farm choice set in flakes, high fertility plot in smooth, the fertile soil of physical features, irrigation and drainage easily, and require the above isolation condition of 300m.

Date of seeding arranges: the spring sowing maternal breeding is broadcast back 5 days and is broadcast male parent.Father and mother's one's own profession is than 1: 4-6,1 meter of male parent neutral.Require sufficient moisture in the soil to sow, guarantee that seedling is complete, seedling strong.Maternal density of reserved seedlings 4000-4500 strain/mu, male parent density of reserved seedlings 1000-1200 strain/mu.

Field management: strengthen seedling management, take the measure of keeping a full stand of seedings, thinning in time, final singling guarantee that seedling is neat, even, strong.

Strict impurity elimination is castrated: according to the feature of kind, carry out three impurity eliminations respectively in seedling stage, shooting stage with before taking out hero; It is the key link of corn seed producing that female parent is castrated, and firmly the maternal 1-2 of being with of execution sheet leaf is touched the method that bud is castrated, and accomplishes timely, clean, thorough.The disposable removing of small and weak seedling to be prevented the secondary pollination at last.

Artificial pollination: the pollination stage should be carried out artificial supplementary pollination as if pre-high temperature, rainy weather, improves hybrid seed yield.

Cut off male parent: pollination is in time cut off male parent after finishing, the purpose that reaches ventilation and penetrating light, reduces damage by disease and insect, prevents to mix, guarantee seed quality, improves output.

Gather in the crops: seed is in time gathered in the crops after reaching ripeness standard, airing in good time.

5, high-yield culture technique

The single No. 63 anti-multiple maize diseases in Shanxi, the comprehensive agronomy proterties is good, and annidation is strong.Through the multiple years test, high rich water ecotope popularizing planting in the summer corn of the Yellow River and Huai He Rivers such as Shanxi, Henan, Hebei sea suits.Its high-yield culture technique is as follows:

Early sowing in good time: early sowing is the key of summer corn high yield, as the saying goes: summer sowing does not have early, and is more early good more.Optimum sowing time is before June 15.

Rational close planting: this kind plant type compactness, the utility rate of luminous energy height, ventilation and penetrating light is good, and fruit ear is even, does not have marginal effect, and rational close planting is the key measure that obtains high yield.General planting density is advisable with 6.0 ten thousand strains/hm2, and density rises to 7.5 ten thousand strains/hm2 during high-yield culturing.

Apply fertilizers scientifically: it is better to weigh the light fertilizing method effect in back before adopting.The diammonium phosphate that applies fertilizer to the subsoil 225kg/hm2, potassium sulphate 40kg/hm2; Shooting stage imposes urea 300kg/hm2, takes out the male preceding fertile grain that increases of granules application of mending and weighs.Need not restrain the growth of seedlings, liquid manure is attacked together, and one urgees on earth.

Insect pests: spray the weeding of herbicides special feud before emerging, the toy trumpet mouth phase is irritated heart control of maize snout moth's larva with BT emulsion or phoxim granule.

Should be understood that, for those of ordinary skills, can be improved according to the above description or conversion, and all these improvement and conversion all should belong to the protection domain of claims of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. the selection of a hybrid maize is characterized in that with the prosperous 7-2 of E28/ being that basic material is cultivated male parent, is that basic material is cultivated female parent with P78599/478.

2. corn selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that prosperous 7-2 and/or 478 is recurrent parent.

3. corn selection according to claim 1 is characterized in that female parent is recurrent parent with 478, and in the 2-5 generation of backcrossing, selfing 1-10 is for obtaining maternal inbred line.

4. corn selection according to claim 3 was preferably backcrossed for 3 generations, and 5 generations of selfing obtain maternal inbred line

5. according to claim 1,3 or 4 any described corn breeding methods, it is characterized in that male parent is a recurrent parent with prosperous 7-2, backcross 1-4 generation that selfing 1-10 forms for seed selection again.

6. corn breeding method according to claim 5 was preferably backcrossed for 2 generations, and 5 generations of selfing obtain the male parent inbred line.

7. the purposes of the corn of any method institute of claim 1-6 seed selection is characterized in that described purposes is as plantation, breeding, edible or material processed.