CN103548674B - Corn allopolyploid is utilized to cultivate the method for the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid - Google Patents
Corn allopolyploid is utilized to cultivate the method for the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses the method utilizing corn allopolyploid to cultivate the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid, belong to field of corn distance hybridization.The MTF-1(Tripsazea that the present invention is bred as with Sichuan Agricultural University? creammaizeT.2n=76) be maternal, take teosinte as paternal hybrid, then filial generation is selected from perennial, wintering habit, tiller number and chromosome number and chromosome formation, select perennial allos aneuploid forage grass kind.Allos aneuploid as forage grass varities practice, has creatively been widened the range of application of corn Related species by the inventive method, for corn Related species material use opens a new approach; Secondly, the material utilizing the inventive method to be bred as has great value as bridge material; In addition, the present invention is by vegetative manner hybrid vigor fixing, and perennial, and production cost is very low, but output and being of high nutritive value, and economic benefit is large.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to corn distant hybridization breeding field, be specifically related to utilize corn allopolyploid to cultivate the method for the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid.
Background technology
Teosinte and cultivated maize are the different subspecies in same genus in different subgenus or same.In Zea (GemusZea), all the other 7 kinds except cultivated maize subspecies (ssp.mays) or subspecies are referred to as " teosinte " (Teosintes).In corn kindred plant, the affiliation of teosinte and corn is nearest, can obtain the offspring of fertility with corn hybridization.Dissimilar teosinte is lived in different ecotopes, and having unique characteristic, is widen the most direct outer rim gene pool of corn germ plasm resource.In teosinte, the perennial teosinte of tetraploid (also known as tetraperennial teosinte) (ZeaPerennis, 2n=40), Diploid Perennial teosinte (Zeadiploperennis, 2n=20), corn (Zealuxurians in great numbers, 2n=20) etc. sibling species has the features such as perennial, tillering ability is strong, trophosome is in great numbers, is the germ plasm resource of cultivating gramineous forage crop.
The perennial teosinte of tetraploid (ZeaPerennis) is that in teosinte, a unique chromosome number is 40(2n=40) perennial teosinte, heavy frost can be restrained oneself, survive for many years under the unfavorable conditions such as cold, moist, have flourishing root-like stock, the root-like stock of likeness in form bamboo whip remains meristematic capacity, and overground part blossoms and bears fruit, even complete a life cycle, underground rhizome still constantly generates tillers, and individual plant is tillered dozens of, and many persons can reach hundreds of (Li Dongyu etc., there is potential quality as perennial forage grass Maize Sciences .2001.9 (2): 11-13).But because tetraploid perennial teosinte stem stalk easily lodges, root-like stock has dilatancy, aggressiveness, and naturally come off after seed maturity, surrounding diffusion, easily cause biotic intrusion, limit it directly as the utilization of perennial forage grass.Sichuan Agricultural University utilize the perennial teosinte of tetraploid chromosomal corn substitution line (2n=20) and the perennial teosinte of tetraploid (2n=40) selection cross to go out to have output and be of high nutritive value, the forage maize (2n=30) of the feature such as tillering ability is strong, perennial, reviviscence and strong adaptability (Ren Yong etc. Acta Agronomica Sinica .2007 (08): 1360-1365; Chen Rou is towering like a mountain peak waits .AgriculturalScience & Technology.2008(5): 74-77).
Finger-like friction standing grain (also known as gama grass, TripsacumdactyloidesL., 2n=72) belongs to friction standing grain and belongs to (TripsacumL.), is the perennial herbage that grows thickly of a kind of warm season.Because its well developed root system, grow prolifically, perennial, breeding cycle are long, hold that the green phase is long, palatability is good, at a kind of high quality forage of America Chang Zuowei .MaizeGeneticsCooperationNewsletter.1993.67:41 such as () Eubanks.In addition, because regeneration capacity is strong, wide adaptability, can grow under acid, saline alkali and wetland and environmental condition, friction standing grain can be used as again a kind of excellent soil melioration and soil-and-water conservation effect .ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.1977.74(8 such as () JackR: 3494-3497).But, because the problems such as its natural kind of matter rareness, low, the easy threshing of ripening rate, of poor quality, Grain Dormancy make seeling industry not enough, greatly have impact on the utilization and extention of friction standing grain.Finger-like friction standing grain has Apomixis.Dliploid friction standing grain is sexual reproduction, polyploid is facultative apomixis, the mainly sporiparous form of dliploid, namely intraovular archespore or megasporocyte reduction division form non-meiotic embryo sac through positive eumitosis after being obstructed, then direct development forms embryo, form endosperm through pseudogamy again, finally develop into seed .Cropscience.1996.36(2 such as () Kindiger: 250-255).The characteristic of this facultative apomixis is except generation maternal instinct offspring, also has (1-6%) sexual hybrids of minority, and part sexual progeny still can carry out apomixis (.ApomixisNewsl.1995.8:35-37 such as Grimanelli), this provides possibility (Petrov.Proc.Acad.Sci., Russia.1957.112(5): 954-957 with regard to the realization improveing and be transferred to by its good characteristic cultivated maize for friction standing grain herbage variety).
In maize race (ZeaL.), friction standing grain belongs to nearest with the affiliation of Zea.Corn (n=10) is different from the friction standing grain basic number of chromosome (n=18), hybridizes not affinity, the extremely difficult success of hybridization.Corn is invested with the pollen mixture of friction standing grain and is cut short on the maize ear of filigree by Manglsdorf etc., by embryo Rescue Technology, successfully obtains the hybrid F of corn and friction standing grain first
1(.JournalofHeredity.1931.22(11 such as Mangelsdorf): 329-343).Corn-friction standing grain hybrid F
1for anti-corn root snout moth's larva (Branson.J.Econ.Entomol.1972.65:195-196), the resistance of coerce NaCl and cold resistance show heterobeltiosis (.MaizeGeneticsCooperationNewsletter.2000(74 such as Garc í a): 41-42; The .SpanishJournalofAgriculturalResearch.2003.1(2 such as Pesqueira): 59-63; The .BiologiaPlantarum.2004.48(4 such as Jatimliansky): 561-567), hybrid generation's seed contains very high lysine, methionine and polyunsaturated fatty acids, in its plants stems leaf texture, protein content is high, and the digestibility of fiber of animal is also higher, therefore be used as germplasm materials that is edible and forage crops breed breeding with them and there is very large advantage (Sokolov undoubtedly, etal., 2005).But be no matter corn and the hybrid F of friction standing grain
1, or hybrid F
1the all types of materials such as backcrossing subsequently, selfing are all annual or weak perennial, constrain the direct utilization of friction standing grain in perennial forage grass.
About the three way cross bibliographical information of corn, teosinte and friction standing grain three species is less.Tetraploid corn (2n=40) and finger-like friction standing grain (Tripsacumdactyloides, the 2n=72) hybridization such as Garcia obtain hybrid F
1(2n=56), then corn, Diploid Perennial teosinte (Zeadiploperennis is used respectively, 2n=20), the perennial teosinte (ZeaPerennis of tetraploid, 2n=40) pollen is hybrid with it, and after testing, the offspring that hybridization obtains is self hybrid obtained by Apomixis, plant chromosome number is still 56, the distant hybridization of corn, teosinte and friction standing grain three species is not succeeded (Garcia, etal., 2000).Eubanks (1993) reports, hybridizes can obtain hybrid F with Diploid Perennial teosinte and friction standing grain
1, the hybrid F of acquisition
1chromosome number 2n=20, plant can educate, then uses zasiokaurin and hybrid F
1hybridization; obtain three species hybridization materials of friction standing grain, Diploid Perennial teosinte and corn; corn inbred line (the Eubanks of friction standing grain merit has been gone out to have by this material selective breeding; 1995;, and applied for that multinomial patent carries out the protection of its cross method and material 1998).But this achievement in research, once report, causes 9 world-renowned maize genetics and Study on Evolution scholar to query (.LatinAmericanAntiquity.2001:84-86 such as Bennetzen) immediately.
2006, Sichuan Agricultural University introduces the Dr.kingder coming from U.S. tetraploid corn (corn doubles) from Beijing City Agriculture and Forestry Institute Zhao Maolin researcher and finger-like rubs the hybrid F of standing grain (ice cream is careless)
1(2n=56) plant, autumn in 2006 with tetraperennial teosinte kind hybridize with it obtain ternary hybrid, in the ternary hybrid obtained a strain have growth vigorous, tillering ability is strong, perennial ternary hybrid, called after MTF-1.The chromosome number of MTF-1 is 76, is one and contains a complete set of genomic allohexaploid of corn, Z. perennis and friction standing grain; MTF-1 not only overcomes the shortcoming of the low and very thin easy lodging of Z. perennis stem stalk of friction standing grain ripening rate, percentage of seedgermination, also retains the wild characteristics such as perennial, many, the vegetative growth phase of tillering is long simultaneously, plant strain growth gesture and biological yield have showed powerful hybrid vigour (Su Yuegui. Sichuan Agricultural University's Master's thesis, 2009.).But this ternary kind regeneration capacity is relatively weak, when surviving the winter when temperature is lower than easily dead when-4 DEG C, affecting the reviviscence of Second Year, being unfavorable for directly being used as perennial forage grass with it feeding.Therefore, Inappropriate ADH syndrome ability must be improved through genetic improvement and regeneration capacity could be applied in actual production.
As can be seen from the above, no matter be corn, the perennial teosinte of tetraploid or finger-like friction standing grain, utilizing as excellent forage grass all has respective shortcoming, if corn is annual; The perennial teosinte of tetraploid easily lodges, and root-like stock has aggressiveness, and seed easily comes off; Finger-like friction standing grain ripening rate is low, dormancy, percentage of seedgermination is low, grass product matter palatability is poor; Seriously constrain corn, teosinte and friction standing grain directly to promote the use of as forage grass.If with ternary kind MTF-1 for bridge material, energy polymeric corn in recycling reality, the standing grain that rubs, tetraperennial teosinte good characteristic are in the perennial forage grass bred varieties of one, and needs find to solve and restrict teosinte with friction standing grain for the bottleneck problem in perennial forage grass seed selection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method utilizing corn allopolyploid to cultivate the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The present invention utilizes corn allopolyploid to cultivate the method for the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid, comprises the steps:
(1), in the early spring, time more than local temperature rise to 10 DEG C, to MTF-1(TripsazeacreammaizeT.2n=76; Su Yuegui, Sichuan Agricultural University's Master's thesis, 2009) carry out a point root and stem of certain plants, cuttage or other vegetative manner acquisition seedling, be that 2m × 2m carries out single-strain planting by seeding row spacing; Meanwhile, be that 2m × 2m kind plants teosinte according to seeding row spacing;
(2), weaving silk the loose powder phase, with MTF-1 be maternal, be that male parent is hybridized with teosinte, results hybrid seed time ripe; The Pollination Modes of wherein said hybridization is artificial bagging pollination or open pollination;
(3), the hybrid seed of step (2) gained is planted in the nutritive cube of phytotron, temperature be 28 DEG C, humidity carries out vernalization under being the condition of 70%, when growth of seedling to 3 leaf 1 heart, is that 2m × 2m carries out single-strain planting in land for growing field crops according to seeding row spacing; Selection stem stalk is upright, tiller number is 10 ~ 200, every stem number of blade is 20 ~ 35, disease-free, cold tolerance strong, and energy safe overwintering (lowest temperature-4 DEG C) has the plant of perennial characteristic;
(4), chromosome number qualification is carried out to the tip of a root of the plant of the energy safe overwintering selected by step (3), every strain qualification 30 ~ 50 cells, when cell when observed more than 80% is same chromosome number, namely be defined as the chromosome number of this plant, selection cell chromosome number is the plant of 53 ~ 95; Then genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (HanF etc., Genome2003 (46): 490-495 is adopted; J.C.Lamb etc., Genetics, 2006 (173): 1007-1021.) the chromosome formation of selected plant is identified, select the Aneuploid plant of friction standing grain chromosome number 13 ~ 35;
(5), a point root and stem of certain plants breeding, cottage propagation or other vegetative manner is adopted to obtain seedling, with tetraperennial teosinte (Zeaperennis, 2n=40) for 2 years comparison experiments are carried out in contrast continuously to the plant selected by step (4); The material that wherein variety comparative test was used in the 2nd year regenerates then after cradling results in the 1st year, and continuing to tiller growth and coming on the 2nd year on the basis of regeneration; Be chosen as plant height >=250cm, tiller number >=10, the number of blade >=20, wintering rate >=90%, protein content >=8.5%, neutral detergent fiber≤60%, acid detergent fiber≤40% and green forage yield higher than the strain of contrast more than 15%, be the new perennial forage grass kind of allos aneuploid be bred as.
Corn allohexaploid MTF-1(Su Yue described in said method step (1) is expensive, Sichuan Agricultural University's Master's thesis, 2009) being Sichuan Agricultural University (or claims finger-like friction standing grain to draw from the tetraploid corn (ZeamaysL.4n=40) of the U.S. and tetraploid gama grass, TripsacumdactyloidesL., 2n=72) between F of bigenering
1for female parent, the corn allohexaploid be bred as paternal hybrid with tetraperennial teosinte (Zeaperennis, 2n=40); The chromosome number of MTF-1 is 76, be one and comprise a complete set of maize chromosome group (20), the bigenering of gama grass chromosome set (36) and tetraperennial teosinte chromosome set (20), it is a non-existent new species of natural world, the corn allohexaploid MTF-1 Classification And Nomenclature be newly bred as is that beautiful broomcorn millet standing grain belongs to Yu Qi and drenches grass seeds by Sichuan Agricultural University, by its Latin specific name called after TripsazeacreammaizeT. wherein T be that the abbreviation of woods is prayed by the breeding people of MTF-1 and classification people Tang.
Corn allohexaploid MTF-1(TripsazeacreammaizeT.) for perennial, vegetative propagation, plant is healthy and strong, uprightly grows thickly, well developed root system; Taking out male period average plant height is 310cm, and after tasseling stage, plant height reaches as high as 335cm, the thick 9.8-12.9mm of stem, and tasseling stage individual plant is tillered and reached 50-60, tillers different not obvious with stem stem rough error, and constantly generates new root in whole life cycle and tiller; Blade is dark green elongated, the long 61-81cm of leaf, the wide 5.1-5.9cm of leaf, and the single stem stalk number of blade is 20-23 sheet; Stem top male flower belongs to panicle, the long 27-30cm of inflorescence, and pollen height is sterile, on stem stalk node raw 5-7 branch, branch top is spicate female flower, 9-18 small ear on cob in duplicate rows or four lines to giving birth to arrangement.Plant tassel, leaf sheath and bract are darkviolet.MTF-1 hybridization can obtain a small amount of seed, and seed grain husk shell is hard, in brown or taupe.The cold-resistant waterlogging-resistant ability of plant is strong, still can continue to grow newly to tiller under 0-5 and long-term water logging condition.
MTF-1 breeds mainly through asexual reproduction methods such as a point pocket breeding, the cuttage of stem stalk or other vegetative manner.The public can obtain MTF-1(TripsazeacreammaizeT.2n=76 from Sichuan Agricultural University) biomaterial.
Teosinte described in said method step (1) refers to tetraperennial teosinte (Zeaperennis, 2n=40), maize seed (Zealuxurians in great numbers, 2n=20), Zea diploperennis (Zeadiploperennis, 2n=20), Nicaragua's maize seed (2n=20); One in zea mexicana subspecies (ssp.mexicana, 2n=20), little clever corn subspecies (ssp.parviglumis, 2n=20) and Wei Weitenange subspecies (ssp.huehuetenangensis, 2n=20).These teosintes above-mentioned all can obtain from Mexico's wheat and corn improvement central toll-free.
Described tetraperennial teosinte can be tetraperennial teosinte 9475(Zeaperennis9475), be called for short 9475, can obtain from Mexico's wheat and corn improvement central toll-free.
Hybridization described in said method step (2), when Pollination Modes adopts bagging pollination, overlaps kraft paper bag, cuts short filigree to 1-3cm after weaving silk before weaving silk on the female fringe of MTF-1; With teosinte pollen to the female fringe pollination of MTF-1; Within 2nd day, repeat pollination 1 time after 1st pollination, then put kraft paper bag.
Hybridization described in said method step (2), when Pollination Modes adopts open Pollination Modes, need to plant teosinte within the scope of 2.0 ~ 4.0 meters around MTF-1 seedling, loose powder of the weaving silk phase appoints the pollen of teosinte to open pollination to the female fringe of MTF-1.
Said method step (1) or the cottage propagation described in (5) refer to using plants stems stalk and carry out vegetative method as cuttage branch.
Said method step (1) or point root and stem of certain plants breeding described in (5) refer to tillering for seedling carries out vegetative method with plant base portion.
Said method step (1) or other vegetative manner described in (5) refer to that the tissue having a cellular omnipotency with plants stems, leaf, embryo etc. carries out the method for tissue culture propagating.
The experimental scheme of the variety comparative test described in said method step (5) is 3 repetitions, each community 10m
2, the distance being 1m × 1m by seeding row spacing carries out two strain plantation.
The advantage that the present invention has and beneficial effect: (1), the present invention overcomes the difficulty of distant hybridization between corn and relative genus thereof, for utilizing corn Related species to provide a kind of new approach aborning, cultivated the non-existent new species of natural world.(2), the present invention is that the breeding of the polyploid with reproductive disorder provides a kind of new Breeding Model, namely utilizes Apomixis to create allopolyploid, using it as bridge material, then carries out breeding or the improvement of polyploid.(3), the inventive method creates the perennial forage grass kind pattern utilizing allos aneuploid, expands the range of application of corn Wild related germplasm pioneeringly.(4), the inventive method allos aneuploid forage grass new lines of cultivating, by vegetative manner hybrid vigor fixing, therefore need not the production of hybrid seeds every year, save production cost, in addition, also there is not the problem of deterioration of variety.(5) the inventive method has fully utilized the lodging resistance of corn, Apomixis, the resistance of friction standing grain, and the vegetative propagation characteristic of tetraperennial teosinte, many stoolings, quality, cultivate first in the world into perennial, that output is high, good stress resistance, wintering habit are strong forage grass kind.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, corn allohexaploid MTF-1 photo.
Fig. 2, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 1-7 field photo.
Fig. 3, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 1-7 Chromosome G ISH+FISH result microphoto, and wherein arrow indication is friction standing grain chromosome.
Fig. 4, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 2-11 plant field photo.
Fig. 5, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 2-11 Chromosome G ISH+FISH result microphoto, and wherein arrow indication is friction standing grain chromosome.
Fig. 6, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 2-16 plant field photo.
Fig. 7, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 2-16 Chromosome G ISH+FISH result microphoto, and wherein arrow indication is friction standing grain chromosome.
Fig. 8, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 58 plant field photos.
Fig. 9, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 58 Chromosome G ISH+FISH result microphotos, and wherein arrow indication is friction standing grain chromosome.
Figure 10, allos aneuploid forage grass strain Yu Qi drench 58 points of root and stem of certain plants breeding seedling photos.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: utilize corn allopolyploid to cultivate the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid
Carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1), spring in 2007, on Duo Ying farm, school district, Sichuan Agricultural University Yaan, when ground temperature rises to more than 10 DEG C, by MTF-1(TripsazeacreammaizeT.2n=76; Su Yuegui, Sichuan Agricultural University's master thesis, 2009.The public can obtain from Sichuan Agricultural University) (see figure 1) carries out the breeding of point root and stem of certain plants, and by the kind seed of acquisition to field, simultaneously, tetraperennial teosinte 9475(Zeaperennis9475 is planted within the scope of MTF-1 surrounding 2-4 rice, 2n=40, referred to as 9475, the public can obtain from Mexico's wheat and corn improvement central toll-free)
(2), weaving silk the loose powder phase, appointing tetraperennial teosinte pollen to open pollination to the female fringe of MTF-1 (not bagging), gather in the crops hybridize for fruit ear after maturation, threshing is stored in the refrigerator of-20 DEG C.
(3), spring in 2008,100 filial generation seeds are extracted in school district, Sichuan Agricultural University Yaan, in nutritive cube in the controlled environment chamber, temperature be 28 DEG C, humidity carries out vernalization under being the condition of 70%, when seedling grows to 3 leaf 1 heart, be that 2m × 2m carries out single-strain planting on Sichuan Agricultural University Duo Ying farm by seeding row spacing; 2009-2011, in 98 individualities germinateed, have 62 each and every one physical efficiencys continuously on Yaan Sichuan Agricultural University Duo Ying farm, the experimental field perennial growth such as fair town, Wenjiang district of Chengdu city, select wherein to show as that stem stalk is upright, tiller number 10-200, number of blade 25-35, disease-free, cold tolerance strong, and the plant totally 45 of perennial characteristic can be had by safe overwintering (lowest temperature-4 DEG C).
Table 1, the selected forage grass strain chromosome number of this test and chromosome composition qualification result
(4) carry out chromosome number qualification to selected 45 individualities, every strain qualification 30 ~ 50 cells, when the cell when observed more than 80% is same chromosome number, are namely defined as the chromosome number of this plant, and selection cell chromosome number is the plant of 53 ~ 95; Then genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) (HanF etc., Genome2003 (46): 490-495 is adopted; J.C.Lamb etc., Genetics, 2006 (173): 1007-1021.) the chromosome formation of selected plant is identified, select the Aneuploid plant of friction standing grain chromosome number 13 ~ 35; And adopting dual FISH to identify chromosomal formation, 22 allos aneuploid (see table 1) plant of selective staining body number >=53 and friction standing grain dyeing number >=13 are used for forage grass variety comparative test.
(5) variety comparative test was carried out in continuous 2 years in 2012-2013 to selected 22 allos aneuploids.Variety comparative test take tetraperennial teosinte as contrast, and strain of participating in the experiment utilizes a point root and stem of certain plants mode to plant, and experimental scheme is 3 repetitions, each community 10m
2, seeding row spacing 1 meter × 1 meter, two strain plantation, producing respectively at surveying on September 10th, 2012, surveying on July 21st, 2013 and producing.Wherein be numbered 1-7,2-11,2-16,4 product based materials such as 58 green forage yield summations conversions in 2 years be per mu yield 12707.5kg, 11699.7kg, 11554.5kg, 11210.8kg respectively, exceed 25.17%, 15.24%, 13.81,10.43% than contrasting tetraperennial teosinte green forage yield.Be numbered 1-7,2-11,2-16, its (see table 2) of 4 strains plant height >=250cm such as 58, tiller number >=10, the number of blade >=20, wintering rate >=90%, protein content >=8.5%, neutral detergent fiber≤60%, acid detergent fiber≤40%.Selected excellent strain 1-7,2-11,2-16,58 etc. are new perennial forage grass kind, and are allos aneuploid; Naming as: Yu Qi drenches its chromosome number of 1-7(is respectively 57, friction standing grain chromosome is 18, chromosome is shown in Fig. 3, plant sees Fig. 2), to drench 2-11(its chromosome number be 55 to Yu Qi, friction standing grain chromosome is 16, chromosome is shown in Fig. 5, plant sees Fig. 4), to drench 2-16(its chromosome number be 58 to Yu Qi, friction standing grain chromosome is 17, chromosome is shown in Fig. 7, and plant sees Fig. 6), to drench 58(its chromosome number be 58 to Yu Qi, friction standing grain chromosome is 17, chromosome is shown in Fig. 9, and plant sees Fig. 8, divides a root and stem of certain plants breeding seedling to see Figure 10).
Perennial forage grass kind field proterties selected by this test of table 2 and nutrient composition content measurement result
Claims (8)
1. utilize corn allopolyploid to cultivate the method for the perennial forage grass kind of aneuploid, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1), in the early spring, time more than local temperature rise to 10 DEG C, carrying out a point root and stem of certain plants, cuttage or other vegetative manner to MTF-1 (TripsazeacreammaizeT.) and obtain seedling, is that 2m × 2m carries out single-strain planting by seeding row spacing; Meanwhile, be that 2m × 2m kind plants teosinte according to seeding row spacing;
(2), weaving silk the loose powder phase, with MTF-1 be maternal, be that male parent is hybridized with teosinte, results hybrid seed time ripe; The Pollination Modes of wherein said hybridization is artificial bagging pollination or open pollination;
(3), the hybrid seed of step (2) gained is planted in the nutritive cube of phytotron, temperature be 28 DEG C, humidity carries out vernalization under being the condition of 70%, when growth of seedling to 3 leaf 1 heart, be that 2m × 2m carries out single-strain planting in land for growing field crops according to seeding row spacing; Selection stem stalk is upright, tiller number is 10 ~ 200, every stem number of blade is 20 ~ 35, disease-free, cold tolerance strong, and can have the plant of perennial characteristic at lowest temperature-4 DEG C of safe overwinterings;
(4), chromosome number qualification is carried out to the tip of a root of the plant of the energy safe overwintering selected by step (3), every strain qualification 30 ~ 50 cells, when cell when observed more than 80% is same chromosome number, namely be defined as the chromosome number of this plant, selection cell chromosome number is the plant of 53 ~ 95; Then adopt genomic in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization to form the chromosome of selected plant to identify, select the Aneuploid plant of friction standing grain chromosome number 13 ~ 35;
(5), a point root and stem of certain plants breeding, cottage propagation or other vegetative manner is adopted to obtain seedling, with tetraperennial teosinte (Zeaperennis) for 2 years comparison experiments are carried out in contrast continuously to the plant selected by step (4); The material that wherein variety comparative test was used in the 2nd year regenerates then after cradling results in the 1st year, and continuing to tiller growth and coming on the 2nd year on the basis of regeneration; Be chosen as plant height >=250cm, tiller number >=10, the number of blade >=20, wintering rate >=90%, protein content >=8.5%, neutral detergent fiber≤60%, acid detergent fiber≤40% and green forage yield higher than the strain of contrast more than 15%, be the new perennial forage grass kind of allos aneuploid be bred as.
2. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the teosinte described in its step (1) refers to the one of tetraperennial teosinte (Zeaperennis), maize seed in great numbers (Zealuxurians) or Zea diploperennis (Zeadiploperennis).
3. in accordance with the method for claim 2, it is characterized in that described tetraperennial teosinte is tetraperennial teosinte 9475.
4. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the hybridization described in its step (2), when Pollination Modes adopts bagging pollination, before weaving silk, on the female fringe of MTF-1, overlap kraft paper bag, after weaving silk, cut short filigree to 1-3cm; With teosinte pollen to the female fringe pollination of MTF-1; Within 2nd day, repeat pollination 1 time after 1st pollination, then put kraft paper bag.
5. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the hybridization described in its step (2), when Pollination Modes adopts open Pollination Modes, need to plant teosinte within the scope of 2.0 ~ 4.0 meters around MTF-1 seedling, loose powder of the weaving silk phase appoints the pollen of teosinte to open pollination to the female fringe of MTF-1.
6. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that its step (1) or the cottage propagation described in (5) refer to using plants stems stalk and carry out vegetative method as cuttage branch.
7. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that point root and stem of certain plants breeding described in its step (1) or (5) refers to tillering for seedling carries out vegetative method with plant base portion.
8. in accordance with the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that other vegetative manner described in its step (1) or (5) refer to that the tissue having a cellular omnipotency with plants stems, leaf, embryo etc. carries out the method for tissue culture propagating.
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| CN105574352B (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2018-03-27 | 北京市农林科学院 | A kind of accurate method for calculating study of perennial forage grasses wintering rate |
| CN107155866A (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2017-09-15 | 四川农业大学 | The method that perennial forage maize is cultivated using non-multiple corn allopolyploid |
| CN107148910B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2020-10-16 | 四川农业大学 | Method for cultivating near-allotetraploid corn material |
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