CN108093879A - A kind of cycling harvesting method of feed ramie - Google Patents
A kind of cycling harvesting method of feed ramie Download PDFInfo
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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Abstract
The present invention relates to ramie cultivation field, more particularly to a kind of cycling harvesting method of feed ramie, feed ramie planting garden is divided into 3 great Qu, cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles area；Toothing cradles area and is divided into 2nd area of 1st area of kind and kind according to kind difference；Each cycle harvesting order be followed successively by cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, reach 60cm cradling area's emergence height in advance, terminate the harvesting that toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, into next cycle harvesting.A kind of the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie provided by the invention, it is divided into and different cradles area, based on toothing technology, aid in variety matching and cultivation step, the harvest time of feed ramie, is extended to 30~40 days, Mowing Two times slitless connection before and after realization, ensure that Xun Huan harvesting, the tonnage of farm is alleviated significantly in the sustainable supply farm on the premise of the quality of feed ramie keeps stablizing with yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ramie cultivation field, in particular to a kind of cycling harvesting method of feed ramie.
Background technology
Perennial root type herbaceous plant of the ramie as Urticaceae Section of Genus Boehmeria, is one of industrial crops of China's specialty,
It is the excellent natural textile crop of fiber quality.Ramie is also a kind of leafy plant of wet careless class fast-growing type, and crop capable of using as feed opens
Hair utilizes.Rich in nutrition needed for the animal growth and developments such as protein, amino acid, minerals, vitamin in ramie young stem and leaf
Substance can compare favourably with " gold herbage "-clover.
Fine with different from traditional ramie, feeding ramie is for the purpose of the trophosomes such as harvest viridescent stem, leaf, is quickly being given birth to
Phase is repeatedly cradled for many years.Wang Yanzhou researchs in (2017) show increase of the ramie Forage quality with height, nutriment
Matter is remarkably decreased and (is shown in Table 1).In order to ensure ramie Forage quality, general recommendations cradles plant height in 60~100cm.
The variation of the lower Forage quality of " Zhongsizhu No.1 " different height processing when table 1 harvests for the first time
| Highly handle | Crude protein (%) | Crude fibre (%) | RFV values | Leaf-stem ratio |
| 60~80cm | 23.06±1.09c | 21.04±0.88d | 141.3±6.2a | 1.158±0.077b |
| 80~100cm | 20.76±0.45b | 23.31±0.57c | 126.3±3.8b | 1.074±0.007b |
| 100~120cm | 20.72±0.08b | 27.09±0.90b | 109.1±4.2c | 0.879±0.062a |
| 120~140cm | 18.05±0.62a | 31.38±082a | 98.7±0.8c | 0.804±0.045a |
Note：Significant difference (P is represented between same column difference lowercase<0.05), similarly hereinafter.
Ramie is in fast growing period in feeding cradle, and day growth speed is fast.Wang Yanzhou (2017) researchs show feeding
Ramie " Zhongsizhu No.1 " is 3.87~5.01cm/d in the growth rate of 60~100cm of plant height, and fibre raises dual-purpose ramie " middle ramie 2
Number " 3.83~4.50cm/d.According to recommendation cradle in the range of plant height and the growth rate of ramie, ramie is feeding must be 8
It all cradles within~10 days.
Ramie is feeding cradle after be to provide green forage for farm or provide raw material for feed-processing plant.Ramie is feeding
Growth period is 30~40 days, and cut issue is 8-10 days, short and concentrate, it is impossible to be that farm and feed-processing plant persistently provide original
Material.
In order to ensure sustainable supply animal, the feeding raw material of ramie must be processed preservation, this certainly will increase cost.Ramie
Feeding feed moisture content is high, should not directly preserve, it is necessary to reduce moisture and be preserved.The preservation best approach one of herbage low cost
As for ensiling, and since ramie feed raw material has " the high protein high-moisture low sugar " characteristic for being unfavorable for ensiling, ensiling successfully
Must also sugaring, siccative and lactic acid bacteria, ensiling cost is caused to be much higher than silage corn.
Feeding ramie highly effective processing, general that entire mechanization is wanted to operate, ability cost of implementation is minimum.It is cradled so that ramie is feeding
Processing is completed in phase, mechanical efficacy requirements are high, cause machinery input high, and service efficiency is low, invisible increased Raw material processing
Cost.
In view of this, it is special to propose the present invention.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cycling harvesting method of feed ramie, change and traditional annual cradle 6-7
The harvesting approach of secondary feed becomes uninterrupted harvesting approach, can be that ramie feed processing factory and farm uninterruptedly provide raw material,
Alleviate the tonnage of farm significantly, improve mechanical service efficiency, substantially reduce the processing cost of the feeding raw material of ramie.
In order to realize the above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, spy uses following technical scheme：
A kind of cycling harvesting method of feed ramie, feed ramie planting garden are divided into 3 great Qu, respectively cradle in advance area,
Normally cradle area, toothing cradles area；
The toothing cradles area and is divided into 2nd area of 1st area of kind and kind according to kind difference；
Each cycle harvesting order be followed successively by cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, toothing is cut
2nd area of area's kind is cut, reaches 60cm ± 5cm cradling area's emergence height in advance, terminates the harvesting that toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, into
Enter next cycle harvesting, after each harvesting for cradling area of each cycle harvesting later for the first time plant height control 55~
100cm；
Area is cradled in advance：In the winter trains, increase more ridgings and the organic fertilizer of the numb root and stem of certain plants, organic fertilizer usage amount for 200~
250kg/ mus, early nitrogen fertilizer application promotes hair seedling before emergence after the beginning of spring, and 30 ± 5cm of plant height nitrogen fertilizer applications again, apply urea every time after emergence
It measures as 8~12kg/ mus；
It gathers in for the first time, starts to cradle in 60 ± 5cm of plant height, terminate to cradle in plant height 80cm~90cm；
Before aftercrop, in the plant height that subterranean stem is grown in 35 ± 5cm, 8~12kg/ mus of urea is applied；
During third time is once gathered in the end, the plant height that grows every time in subterranean stem applies urea in 20~30cm
10~15kg/ mus；
Normally cradle area：It gathers in for the first time, starts to cradle in plant height 60cm~70cm, terminate to cut in 100 ± 5cm of plant height
It cuts,
Toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind：For the first time gather in, start to cradle in 100 ± 5cm in ramie height, plant height 150 ±
5cm terminates to cradle；
Toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind：It gathers in for the first time, starts to cradle in 120cm~130cm in ramie height, in 140cm
~150cm terminates to cradle,
The ramee variety that toothing cradles the plantation of 2nd area of area's kind cradles area to grow slow-footed ramie product compared with other
Kind；
Toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind and stump processing is carried out after the 3rd harvesting, and toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind in the 2nd receipts
Stump processing is carried out after cutting.
A kind of the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie provided by the invention, be divided into it is different cradle area, using toothing technology as
It is main, variety matching and cultivation step are aided in, the harvest time of feed ramie was extended to 30~40 days, before and after realization from 8~10 days
Mowing Two times slitless connection ensure that Xun Huan harvesting.The present invention is on the premise of the quality of feed ramie keeps stablizing with yield
The tonnage of farm is alleviated significantly in sustainable supply farm.It is such as planned with livestock and poultry demand, within the Ramie Growth phase
It can realize no tonnage.
In the present invention, in area is cradled in advance, except the conventional winter trains (applying 20~30kg/ of composite fertilizer mus), fiber crops are added
More ridgings of the root and stem of certain plants and organic fertilizer；The only conventional winter training in other areas.
Based on the present invention, the processing workshop of foundation, machinery can be run everyday within the entire Ramie Growth phase, to equipment
Efficacy requirements are low, not only substantially reduce the cost of mechanical equipment, also improve mechanical service efficiency, feeding so as to substantially reduce ramie
The processing cost of raw material.
Ramie cycle harvesting on, at present authorized patent for " a kind of method that ramee uninterruptedly harvests,
CN102349411A”.Application of the invention in ramee harvest changes traditional annual harvest side for cradling the third quater fiber crops
Formula becomes uninterrupted harvesting approach, can be that ramie raw ramie processing factory uninterruptedly provides raw material.The invention ramie harl into
The ripe phase is cradled, and Cutting Height is generally in more than 150cm, harvest time from May 28 to October 21.
And the present invention is different using purpose from the ramie invented above, the two is different greatly in sport technique segment.The present invention carries
The cycling harvesting method of the feed ramie of confession changes traditional annual harvesting mode for cradling 6-7 feed and becomes uninterrupted harvesting
Mode can be that ramie feed processing factory and farm uninterruptedly provide raw material；The present invention is carried out in the fast growing period of ramie
It cradles, cradles effective height generally in 60~100cm, harvest time is from late March to early November.
In the present invention, the area of each growing area is determined according to the fresh material daily demand amout of farm and feed processing, is raised
It it is 100~200kg/ mus with the dry matter per mu yield of ramie.Yield is related with cradling plant height and season, and it is higher to cradle plant height, production
Amount is higher；Illumination and the season of proper temperature, yield are high.
Further, in each harvesting Xun Huan, the harvesting time span for cradling area in advance is 5~7 days.
Further, the first time for cradling area in advance gathers in the time since 25-March 30 March.
Further, in each harvesting Xun Huan, the normal harvesting time span for cradling area is 8~10 days.
Further, the normal first time for cradling area gathers in the time since 1-April 5 April.
Further, it is described it is normal cradle area and the toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, every time before harvesting, in underground stem length
The plant height gone out applies 10~15kg/ mus of urea in 20~30cm；
The toothing is cradled before kind 2nd area in area's is gathered in first time and not applied fertilizer, and harvests what is grown in subterranean stem every time later
Plant height applies 10~15kg/ mus of urea in 20~30cm.
Further, in each harvesting Xun Huan, the harvesting time span that the toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind is 12~15
My god.
Further, the toothing cradles harvesting time first time in 1st area of area's kind since 10-April 15 April.
Further, in each harvesting Xun Huan, the harvesting time span that the toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind is 5~7 days.
Further, the toothing cradles harvesting time first time in 2nd area of area's kind since 22-April 28 April.
Preferably, the toothing cradles the ramee variety of 2nd area of area's kind plantation as middle ramie 2 or middle ramie 1.
Cradle in advance area, it is normal cradle area and toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind and plants the fast ramee variety of seedling growth, such as
Feeding kind Zhongsizhu No.1 and fine feeding dual-purpose kind river ramie 12.
Further, in the toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, the first time height for the stubble left is since 5cm, with plant height
Increase, daily height for the stubble left increase should be basically identical with the speed of growth, and plant height control is 90 after the daily height for the stubble left ensures harvesting
~105cm；
Not less than the previous harvesting height for the stubble left, the 4th harvesting proceeds by second of height for the stubble left to third time harvesting
It gathers on level land.
Further, in the toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, the first time height for the stubble left is since 25cm, with plant height
Increase, daily height for the stubble left increase should be basically identical with the speed of growth；Plant height control exists after the daily height for the stubble left ensures harvesting
85~100cm；
The height for the stubble left of aftercrop proceeds by level land receipts not less than the harvesting height for the stubble left for the first time, third time harvesting
It cuts.
Specifically, in toothing cradles area, there is base of leaf tall and big when 90cm, the daily height for the stubble left ensures plant height control after harvesting
System is in 95~105cm；When there is base of leaf high less than 90cm meters, and stalk degree of aging is fast, and the daily height for the stubble left ensures harvesting
Plant height control is in 85~95cm afterwards.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) the cycling harvesting method of a kind of feed ramie provided by the invention, is divided into the different areas that cradles, then with toothing
Based on technology, variety matching and cultivation step are aided in, the harvest time of feed ramie from 8~10 days was extended to 30~40 days, is followed
Ring harvests, Mowing Two times slitless connection before and after realization.
(2) present invention realizes feed ramie sustainable supply farm on the premise of quality and yield keep stablizing, significantly
Alleviate the tonnage of farm.It is such as planned with livestock and poultry demand, no tonnage can be realized within the Ramie Growth phase.
(3) based on the present invention, the processing workshop of foundation, machinery can be run everyday within the entire Ramie Growth phase, right
Equipment efficacy requirements are low, not only substantially reduce the cost of mechanical equipment, mechanical service efficiency also improved, so as to substantially reduce feed
The processing cost of ramie raw materials.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but those skilled in the art will
Understand, the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the scope of the invention.It is not specified in embodiment specific
Condition person, the condition suggested according to normal condition or manufacturer carry out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is
The conventional products that can be obtained by commercially available purchase.
A kind of the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie provided in an embodiment of the present invention, ramie planting garden are divided into 3 great Qu, respectively
For cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles area；
The toothing cradles area and is divided into 2nd area of 1st area of kind and kind according to kind difference；
Each cycle harvesting order be followed successively by cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, toothing is cut
2nd area of area's kind is cut, reaches 60 ± 5cm cradling area's emergence height in advance, terminates the harvesting that toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, enter
Next Xun Huan harvesting；
1st, area is cradled in advance, and first of each Xun Huan harvesting cradles area.General first time harvest time is late March end
(March 25 to March 30) starts, and reaches 60 ± 5cm in plant height and starts to cradle, and level land cradles that (the mechanical harvesting height for the stubble left is less than
10cm), terminate to cradle in plant height 80cm~90cm, cutting occasion span is 5~7 days.Varieties of plant is the fast ramie of seedling growth
Numb kind, such as feeding kind " Zhongsizhu No.1 " and fine feeding dual-purpose kind " river ramie 12 ".
Cradling area in advance needs to make its fast-growth by following three kinds of cultivation steps, as follows respectively：A, with other area's phases
Than on the basis of conventional 20~30kg/ of Dong Peishi composite fertilizers mus, increasing more ridgings and the organic fertilizer of the numb root and stem of certain plants.It is required that ridging is complete
The lid root and stem of certain plants, organic fertilizer usage amount are 200-250kg/ mus, realize the warming and nutrition supply of the numb root and stem of certain plants, and the subterranean stem that adequately protects is passed the winter.
B, after the beginning of spring, early nitrogen fertilizer application promotes hair seedling before emergence, and urea fertilization is at 8~12kg/ mus.C, 30 ± 5cm of plant height after emerging
6~10kg/ mus of urea is applied again.
Before aftercrop, in the plant height that subterranean stem is grown in 35 ± 5cm or so, 8~12kg/ mus of urea is applied.
Third time in 20~30cm, applies urine to the plant height during once gathering in the end, grown every time in subterranean stem
10~15kg/ mus of element.
2nd, area is normally cradled, second of each Xun Huan harvesting cradles area.First time harvest time is (April at the beginning of early April
1 to 5) start, start to cradle in plant height 60cm~70cm, be cradled in 100 ± 5cm of plant height or so end, this decision is cut
Time span length is cut, cutting occasion span is generally 8~10 days.Varieties of plant is identical with cradling area in advance.On cultivation step,
Winter training is carried out according to the training measure of conventional winter, wherein dose is 20~30kg/ of composite fertilizer mus.Before cradling every time, in underground stem length
The plant height gone out applies 10~15kg/ mus of urea in 20~30cm.
3rd, toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, and the 3rd of each Xun Huan harvesting cradles area.First time harvest time general April
(April 10 to April 15) at the beginning of the middle ten days starts.Varieties of plant and cultivation step and normal to cradle area essentially identical.At this point, ramie
Height starts to cradle in 100 ± 5cm or so, is cradled in 150 ± 5cm of plant height or so end, this determines that cutting occasion span is long
Short, cutting occasion span is generally 12~15 days.
In order to ensure feed ramie quality, it is necessary to which toothing, the height for the stubble left is according to plant strain growth speed and has the base of leaf two high
Parameter is selected to be determined.The first time height for the stubble left is since 5cm, and with the increase of plant height, daily height for the stubble left increase should be with growth
Speed is basically identical, and plant height control is in 90~105cm after the daily height for the stubble left ensures harvesting.When there is base of leaf tall and big in 90cm,
Height for the stubble left increase can be slightly below the speed of growth, and plant height control is in 95~105cm, guarantee after the daily height for the stubble left ensures harvesting
Blade all harvests.When there is base of leaf high less than 90cm meters, and stalk degree of aging is fast, and height for the stubble left increase can be slightly above
The speed of growth, plant height control is in 85~95cm after the daily height for the stubble left ensures harvesting.The height for the stubble left increases or decreases scope control
Within the 20% of the speed of growth,.It, can be with the height of every 2 days one lower cutting tables of adjustment when being cradled using joint cutting machine.
Specific implementation, daily or speed of growth of two days measure determines the height for the stubble left, and the speed of growth at this time is generally 3
~5cm/d (my god).The plant of first day, height for the stubble left 5cm, second day averagely grows tall 4cm, and the height for the stubble left is 9 (5+4) cm.
It can also adjust within 2 days one, such as plant of the 3rd day is averaged than the first day 7cm that grows tall of plant height, and the height for the stubble left was adjusted at the 3rd day
12(5+7)cm。
If kind has leaf plant height higher than 90cm at this time, toothing is excessively high to cause a small amount of blade to remain on stubble, at this time
Height for the stubble left increase can be slightly below the speed of growth.The first day plant height gathered in such as ramie is 100cm, height for the stubble left 5cm, the
The plant height of three days is 110cm, and averagely has leaf plant height for 92cm, if toothing 15cm is gathered at this time, has a small amount of blade residual, because
This, the appropriate reduction height for the stubble left, as reduced 2cm (within reduce the scope control speed of growth 20%), toothing 13cm, as far as possible
Reduce stubble blade residual.
If kind has leaf plant height to be less than 90cm at this time, stalk degree of aging is fast (harvest later stage), at this time the height for the stubble left
Increase can be slightly above the speed of growth.The 10th day plant height gathered in such as ramie is 135cm, height for the stubble left 40cm, the 12nd days
Plant height is 143cm, and averagely has leaf plant height for 70cm, and the ratio of stalk aging at this time is very fast (bar lignifying, moisture significantly reduce), if
Toothing 48cm at this time, can be with a part of aging bar, and feed value is low, and therefore, the appropriate increase height for the stubble left such as increases 1.5cm
(within reduce the scope control speed of growth 20%), toothing 49.5cm.
4th, toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, and the 4th of each Xun Huan harvesting cradles area, and it is 5~7 to realize harvesting time span
My god.First time harvest time general late April (April 22 to April 28) starts.Varieties of plant is different from other areas, plantation
It is the slower fine feeding dual-purpose ramee variety of the speed of growth, such as " middle ramie 2 " or " middle ramie 1 ".At this time ramie height 120cm~
130cm starts to cradle, and terminates to cradle in 140cm~150cm, with reference to area's growing state is cradled in advance, determine this cradle area when
Between span length.
It emerges when second that cradles area in advance and highly reaches 60cm, terminate cradling for this area, cycled into second.It plants
Training measure is with the normal area's difference that cradles for not nitrogen fertilizer application urea before the first harvest.The height for the stubble left is since 25cm or so, often
It is identical that its increased height with toothing cradles 1 area's method of area's kind.
Toothing cradle area cradle and treatment measures.
The toothing of feed ramie as having axillary bud in the stem strain (aerial stem of plant) of toothing, can grow new talent.With not toothing
The subterranean stem germination of ramie is compared, and is added aerial stem of plant germination and emergence, can quickly be increased the effective strain of single root and stem of certain plants, improves next stubble
Yield；But effectively strain reaches a certain level, growth potential can be severely impacted to influence yield, while in high temperature and drought
Season, the emergence resistance of the aerial stem of plant is poor, grows potential difference, yield is decreased obviously.Therefore, 1st area of kind cradles laggard at the 3rd time
The processing of row stump, 2nd area of kind carry out stump processing after being cradled at the 2nd time.
For the first time gather in it is later cradle, stump before processing the height for the stubble left should be not less than it is previous cradle the height for the stubble left into
Row cradles, and aging stalk is avoided to influence Forage quality.If carry out stump processing, height for the stubble left 5cm.
Normal winter training, applies composite fertilizer at 20~30kg/ mu, and is intertilled, the winter of the routine such as numb root and stem of certain plants mulching soil, ditch cleaning
Training management.
More than four cells to realize that feed ramies each gather in cycle harvesting time span be 30~40 days, two before and after realization
The secondary slitless connection cradled ensures the completion in following cycle cycle.
Second circulation one cycle to the end, successively according to " cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles area's kind 1
Area and toothing cradle 2nd area of area's kind " cradled, each cell cutting occasion according to recommend span time in cradled.The
Once the rear plant height of cutting of each race way of later each Xun Huan harvesting is controlled in 55~100cm.
Each of the above area starts to gather in time, span, plant height, kind etc. and can change, so as to form multiple embodiments
Son.It is specifically described below with embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Cradling the following three kinds of cultivation steps of area's progress in advance makes its fast-growth, as follows respectively：In addition to the conventional winter trains, the numb root and stem of certain plants
More ridgings and organic fertilizer, the complete lid root and stem of certain plants of earthing up, organic fertilizer usage amount are 225kg/ mus；25 days 2 months nitrogen fertilizer applications promote hair seedling, urea
Dose is at 10kg/ mus；10kg/ mus of urea is applied again in plant height 35cm.
It is normal to cradle the conventional winter training in area, it applies fertilizer composite fertilizer 25kg/ mus, 15kg/ mus of urea is applied in plant height 25cm.
Statistics cradles area and normally cradles the growth performance influence of the cultivation step on ramie in area in advance, as a result such as 2 institute of table
Show.
Influence of 2 cultivation step of table to kind growth performance
As can be seen from Table 2, the seedling-growing time of cut issue is shifted to an earlier date, two kinds shift to an earlier date 3~4 days respectively.By to plant height
Investigation, advanced processing is March 27 more than 60cm, and normal area is April 2 more than 60cm.Winter training earths up and increases organic
Fertilizer realizes that the numb root and stem of certain plants is warming and nutrition supply, the subterranean stem that adequately protects are passed the winter, and coming year emergence shifts to an earlier date.Urea early is applied, is grown after emergence
Speed is under the action of high fertilizer efficiency, and the speed of growth is than very fast so that harvest time shifts to an earlier date 6~7 days.
Embodiment 2
Measure the plant height and number of blade relation of the first time harvest of different cultivars.The results are shown in Table 3.
The plant height and number of blade relation table of the first time harvest of 3 different cultivars of table
As can be seen from Table 3, when two kinds in 1st area of kind cradle for the first time after plant height 150cm, lobe numbers are drastically
Decline, be caused by due to influencing each other between stalk aging, blade increase and blade.The drastically decline of lobe numbers causes leaf to produce
Amount declines and Forage quality reduces.Therefore, one area of kind should stop cradling in plant height 150cm or so.2nd area of kind, with plant height
Increase, lobe numbers are more stable, stablize at 19 or so Zuo Yous, it is contemplated that 2 area's kinds are the kind based on fine use, stalk
It is easy to aging, Forage quality is influenced, therefore, is cradled in 140~150cm stoppings.
Embodiment 3
Influence of the different heights for the stubble left to yield is measured, it is specific as shown in table 4.
Influence of 4 height for the stubble left of table to yield traits
Note："-" represents undetermined；In table, 5cm, 20cm and 40cm are the height for the stubble left.
As can be seen from Table 4, with the increase of the height for the stubble left, the total output of harvest declines apparent for the first time, but blade produces
Amount declines unobvious.There is leaf plant height at this time for 70cm or so, plant height is 110cm or so, losses of the highest toothing 40cm to blade
Less, it is but very big to the loss of stem.The highest position of the feeding nutritive value of ramie is leaf, the crude protein of Major Nutrient substance
Content is 2.5~3 times of stem, and crude protein yield is 2~3 times of stem.Illustrate to harvest for the first time, toothing compares nutriment loss
It is few.
When second harvests with third time, since root and stem of certain plants ability being divided to increase with the increase of the height for the stubble left, leaf-making quantity with
Total output is also increasing.This is because due to having axillary bud in the stem strain (aerial stem of plant) of toothing, new talent can be grown.With not toothing
The subterranean stem germination of ramie is compared, and is added aerial stem of plant germination and emergence, can quickly be increased the effective strain of single root and stem of certain plants, can improve next stubble
Secondary yield.
And the 4th time and the 5th time harvest growth period be in the high temperature season of July~August, although divide the root and stem of certain plants ability increase with
It the increase of the height for the stubble left and increases, but total output is declining, this is because high temperature season toothing aerial stem of plant aging, is caused on the ground
Stem branch resistance is poor, and growth potential reduces.As can be seen from Table 4, the plant height after cradling is with the increase of the height for the stubble left, the 4th receipts
It obtains and is reduced to 76 ㎝ by 90 ㎝, the 5th time 92 ㎝ of harvest are reduced to 78 ㎝.The 6th time and the 7th time harvest cradle after strain
Height also has this trend.
As can be seen from Table 4, preceding to cradle three times, the total output of different toothings processing is not much different, but leaf-making quantity is with cutting
The increase for cutting height increased.Before high temperature season arriving, appropriate toothing does not interfere with total output, is produced by improving leaf
Amount, feed quality increase.
From the above analysis, the toothing area cradled is cycled, before high temperature arriving, i.e., into July, stubble portion carries out stump
Processing.Therefore, it is late June to complete harvest that toothing, which cradles 1st area of area's kind third time harvest, can be carried out after third time harvests
Stump processing.Toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind third time harvest in early July, and kind is fine feeding dual-purpose kind, initial for the first time
The height for the stubble left is in more than 25cm, in order to ensure the yield of this area's third time, therefore, stump processing is carried out after being cradled at the 2nd time.
Embodiment 4
Toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind and the growth performance in 2nd area is studied, and in the seedling stage before cradling, 1st area is in 20~30cm of plant height
Left and right, applies 12.5kg/ mus of urea；Do not apply urea in 2nd area.The results are shown in Table 5.
5 toothing area kind growth performance table of table
As can be seen from Table 5, the growth performance of two kinds in 1st area is better than two kinds in 2nd area.Maximum day is frequently grown speed
Degree, 1st area of kind is 4.2~4.5cm/d, and 2nd area of kind is 3.6~3.8cm/d.1 area's kind of kind reaches toothing on 12nd in April
Requirement for height, reached more than 150cm on April 24, stops toothing and cradles, at this point, the plant height in 2nd area is in 120~123cm, therefore stayed
Stubble height should be since 25cm.
Embodiment 5
First circulation
27~April 1 March：Area is cradled in advance, Zhongsizhu No.1 (or river ramie 12) is strengthened by cultivation step, from
60cm is cradled, and is terminated in plant height 90cm.
2 months~April 11 April：Normal to cradle area, the Zhongsizhu No.1 (or river ramie 12) of normal management is highly 60-
70cm starts to cradle, and cradles 90-100cm and terminates.
12~April 24 April：Toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, and Zhongsizhu No.1 (or river ramie 12) plant height is more than 100cm
The height for the stubble left is carried out to cradle, mechanization cradles, and the height for the stubble left increases a gradient (using the speed of growth as reference) for every two days, so as to
The adjustment of the mechanical ceding of Taiwan.When the height for the stubble left is in 55cm or so stoppings.
25~May 1 April：Toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, and to ramie in kind No. 2 (or middle ramies 1), just toothing is cut
It cuts, the height for the stubble left is according to stalk degree of aging and has base of leaf is high to determine.General 25cm of the height for the stubble left or so beginnings at this time, toothing are high
Spending every two days increases a gradient (using the speed of growth as reference, generally 5cm or so).
Second to the 6th Xun Huan：Successively according to " cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind and toothing
Cradle 2nd area of area's kind " cradled, each cell cutting occasion according to recommend span time in cradled.1st area of kind is
Stump processing is carried out after cradling for 3 times, 2nd area of kind carries out stump processing after being cradled at the 2nd time.
The present invention realizes feeding ramie sustainable supply farm on the premise of quality and yield keep stablizing, and alleviates significantly
The tonnage of farm.It is such as planned with livestock and poultry demand, no tonnage can be realized within the Ramie Growth phase.
Although illustrate and describing the present invention with specific embodiment, it will be appreciated that without departing substantially from the present invention's
Many other change and modification can be made in the case of spirit and scope.It is, therefore, intended that in the following claims
Including belonging to all such changes and modifications in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of cycling harvesting method of feed ramie, which is characterized in that feed ramie planting garden is divided into 3 great Qu, respectively carries
Before cradle area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles area；
The toothing cradles area and is divided into 2nd area of 1st area of kind and kind according to kind difference；
Each cycle harvesting order be followed successively by cradle in advance area, normally cradle area, toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind, toothing cradles area
2nd area of kind reaches 60cm ± 5cm cradling area's emergence height in advance, terminates the harvesting that toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind, under
One Xun Huan harvesting, plant height is controlled in 55~100cm after each harvesting for cradling area of each Xun Huan harvesting later for the first time；
Area is cradled in advance：In the winter trains, increasing more ridgings and the organic fertilizer of the numb root and stem of certain plants, organic fertilizer usage amount is 200~250kg/ mus,
Early nitrogen fertilizer application promotes hair seedling before emergence after the beginning of spring, 30 ± 5cm of plant height nitrogen fertilizer applications again after emergence, each urea application amount for 8~
12kg/ mus；
It gathers in for the first time, starts to cradle in 60 ± 5cm of plant height, terminate to cradle in plant height 80cm~90cm；
Before aftercrop, in the plant height that subterranean stem is grown in 35 ± 5cm, 8~12kg/ mus of urea is applied；
During third time is once gathered in the end, the plant height that grows every time in subterranean stem in 20~30cm, apply urea 10~
15kg/ mus；
Normally cradle area：It gathers in for the first time, starts to cradle in plant height 60cm~70cm, terminate to cradle in 100 ± 5cm of plant height；
Toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind：It gathers in for the first time, starts to cradle in 100 ± 5cm in ramie height, in 150 ± 5cm of plant height
End cradles；
Toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind：For the first time gather in, start to cradle in 120cm~130cm in ramie height, 140cm~
150cm terminates to cradle,
The ramee variety that toothing cradles the plantation of 2nd area of area's kind cradles area to grow slow-footed ramee variety compared with other；
Toothing cradles 1st area of area's kind and stump processing is carried out after the 3rd harvesting, and toothing cradles 2nd area of area's kind after the 2nd harvesting
Carry out stump processing.
2. the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each harvesting Xun Huan, institute
It states and cradles the harvesting time span in area in advance as 5~7 days；
Further, the first time for cradling area in advance gathers in the time since 25-March 30 March.
3. the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each harvesting Xun Huan, institute
It is 8~10 days to state the normal harvesting time span for cradling area.
4. the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described normal to cradle the of area
The time is once gathered in since 1-April 5 April.
5. the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described normally to cradle Qu Hesuo
State toothing and cradle 1st area of area's kind, every time before harvesting, in the plant height that subterranean stem is grown in 20~30cm, apply urea 10~
15kg/ mus；
The toothing is cradled before kind 2nd area in area's is gathered in first time and not applied fertilizer, and harvests the plant grown in subterranean stem every time later
Highly in 20~30cm, 10~15kg/ mus of urea is applied.
6. the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each harvesting Xun Huan, institute
It states toothing and cradles the harvesting time span in 1st area of area's kind as 12~15 days；
Further, the toothing cradles harvesting time first time in 1st area of area's kind since 10-April 15 April.
7. the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in each harvesting Xun Huan, institute
It states toothing and cradles the harvesting time span in 2nd area of area's kind as 5~7 days；
Further, the toothing cradles harvesting time first time in 2nd area of area's kind since 22-April 28 April.
8. the cycling harvesting method of feed ramie according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the toothing cradles area's kind
The ramee variety of 2nd area plantation is middle ramie 2 or middle ramie 1.
9. according to the cycling harvesting method of claim 1-8 any one of them feed ramies, which is characterized in that in the toothing
It cradles in 1st area of area's kind, the first time height for the stubble left is since 5cm, with the increase of plant height, after the daily height for the stubble left ensures harvesting
Plant height is controlled in 90~105cm；
For second of height for the stubble left to third time harvesting not less than the previous harvesting height for the stubble left, the 4th harvesting proceeds by level land
Harvesting.
10. according to the cycling harvesting method of claim 1-8 any one of them feed ramies, which is characterized in that stayed described
Stubble is cradled in 2nd area of area's kind, and the first time height for the stubble left is since 25cm, and with the increase of plant height, the daily height for the stubble left ensures to receive
Rear plant height control is cut in 85~100cm；
Second of height for the stubble left should be not less than cradles the height for the stubble left for the first time, proceeds by level land harvesting for the third time.
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