CN104737745B - A kind of implantation methods of radish seed - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of radish seed Download PDFInfo
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- CN104737745B CN104737745B CN201510097612.1A CN201510097612A CN104737745B CN 104737745 B CN104737745 B CN 104737745B CN 201510097612 A CN201510097612 A CN 201510097612A CN 104737745 B CN104737745 B CN 104737745B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of radish seed, described implantation methods mark shallow ridges, by the corresponding spacing sowing seed of bud rate grade correspondence and the seedling medium covering seed with improvement including determining germination percentage, 4 grades, field being divided into according to germination percentage difference, the present invention is determined by percentage of seedgermination, the comparable spacing for accurately determining a sowing time, so that it is determined that mu grain weight；By the use that depth is 5cm shallow ridges, it is easy to water during sowing, and is beneficial to select and remain radish seedling；Seed is covered by the seedling medium of thick 2cm improvement, permeable, gas is preferable, improves emergence rate；The use that suitable spacing in the rows, grain are broadcast, reduces a mu sowing quantity, thinning number of times is reduced during final singling 23 times；This method is easy to operate, is suitable as radish cultivation implantation methods, and base or planting household particularly R＆D institution are willing to accept, and have fabulous popularizing application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly to it is a kind of based on radish using loose fleshy root be main
The implantation methods of the crop seeds of edible organs.
Background technology
Radish is one, biennial herb plant；Radish, in existing more than the 2700 years cultivation history of China, is one kind weight of China
The popular vegetable wanted, its cultivated area is only second to Chinese cabbage and capsicum, and the 3rd is occupied in China.Radish is not only nutritious, and
With plurality of health care functions.
The radish planted using loose fleshy root as main edible organs, generally using bunch planting way plantation.Line-spacing is special according to kind
Depending on property, from 15cm to 45cm.With in a line, spacing is the suitable spacing in the rows of the kind between cave, general cave depth 5-7cm；
Per 4-5 seeds of bunch planting kind, or even per bunch planting kind 7-8；Seed is with field fine earth covering 1-2cm, thinning 3-4 times after emerging,
Last every 1 plant of cave final singling.
Because root is more delayed with the research work of the corresponding cultivation techniques of radish etc., mu is excessive with grain weight, seed utilization rate
Less than 30%, the waste of seed is caused, and field thinning takes and taken a lot of work.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, present invention aims at provide seed present in a kind of solution prior art to utilize
Rate is low, it is irregular to emerge, the implantation methods of the radish seed for the defect that field thinning is time-consuming to take a lot of work etc..
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：A kind of implantation methods of radish seed, it is described
Implantation methods be that radish seed by determining germination percentage → division seed grade → field is marked into shallow ridges → by bud rate grade pair
Corresponding spacing, grain sowing → cover seed with the seedling medium improved are answered, its detailed operating procedure is as follows：
1）Radish seed germination percentage is determined using conventional method；
2）Radish seed is divided into according to germination percentage difference；A grades of seeds：Germination percentage >=90%；B grades of seeds：Germination percentage is
85%~90%, C grades of seeds：Germination percentage is 70%~85%；D grades of seeds：Germination percentage ＜ 70%；
3）Use one jiao of hoe or bamboo pole marked in field with the furrow face vertical and depth of trend for 5cm, width 3-5cm it is shallow
Ditch, described shallow ridges is 5cm apart from furrow face left and right sides edge；So shallow ridges is closure, and outflow is difficult when watering；
4）By step 2）In radish seed point be multicast to step 3）Shallow ridges in, the sowing spacing of wherein A grades of seed is
The sowing spacing of 15cm, B grades of seeds is 10cm, and the sowing spacing of C grades of seeds is 7cm；
5）After the completion of sowing, covered using the seedling medium after improvement, the thickness of the seedling medium after improvement is 2cm；
6）After planting 15-20 days, thinning and final singling are carried out during seedling age 5-7 leaves.
Step 2 of the present invention) divide in the operating process of category, germination percentage ＜ 70% D levels seed is not conform to
Lattice seed, is not used in field sowing.
Step 3 of the present invention）Field is marked in the operating process of shallow ridges, and the spacing between two adjacent shallow ridges is
The suitable line-spacing of the radish varieties.
Step 5 of the present invention）In seedling medium be 50% conventional seedbed system matrix and 50% vegetable garden fine earth by stirring
Mix and formed after mixing.
Step 4 of the present invention）With step 6）In the operating process for carrying out thinning and final singling, the strain operated according to thinning
Away from >=plantation radish varieties regulation spacing in the rows -5cm, select and remain green leaf color, robust plant, the Turnip Sprouts for meeting this variety characteristic
Son, most strain number ± 1 plant that can be planted in kind of planting-line lastrow with suitable spacing in the rows, selected and remain during as thinning and final singling strain number according to
According to；Remove unnecessary radish young plant.
In actual mechanical process, it is assumed that the kind for intending sowing is Duanye 13 radish, and the regulation spacing in the rows of the kind is 20cm,
The a width of 200cm of furrow, then a line can plant 10-11 plants, when thinning and final singling, can select and remain that leaf color is green, plant by spacing in the rows >=15cm standards
10-11 plants of radish young plant that is healthy and strong, meeting this variety characteristic, thinning and the disposable completion of final singling operation.
Implantation methods of the present invention are applied to using loose fleshy root as main edible organs, live crops,
For example：Turnip, root-mustard etc..
The advantage of the invention is that：Using radish planting method 1 provided by the present invention）Determined by percentage of seedgermination, will
Seed is divided into four grades according to germination percentage, the spacing of grain sowing time can be accurately determined accordingly, so that it is determined that mu seed
Amount；Conveniently regulating and controlling, control is accurate；2）5cm shallow ridges and shallow ridges are apart from the use that furrow face left and right sides edge is 5cm, during sowing
It is easy to water；3）Seed is covered with the seedling medium after improvement, permeable, gas permeability is preferable, improves emergence rate more than 5%；4）
The use that suitable spacing in the rows, grain are broadcast, reduces a mu sowing quantity, thinning number of times is reduced during final singling 2~3 times；5）Save seed consumption
More than 50%, mu cost reduces more than 350 yuan.
This method is easy to operate, is suitable as radish cultivation implantation methods, base or planting household, particularly R＆D institution's pleasure
In receiving, there is fabulous popularizing application prospect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the implantation methods of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 furrow face, 2 furrow sides, 3 shallow ridges, 4 sowing spacing.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment for explanation below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1：
Jiangyin is general in August sowing autumn and winter radish on the 20th to 25, and using Red radish, (a kind of meat is red
Fruit radish) exemplified by, as shown in figure 1, the suitable line-spacing of the kind and spacing in the rows are respectively 45cm and 35cm, every mu is about planted 4000
Strain, traditional planting method, 4-5, every cave point seed, mu grain weight 160g to 200g；The fine earth for preparing lid seed adds seed
Rear blinding is broadcast about with 1 work, local yuan/day of wage 100；Thinning 3-4 times, with 4.5 to 5 works.The Red radish harvested then
Percentage of seedgermination is more than 90%, thousand grain weigth about 10g, about 80 yuan/500g of Red radish seed price.
Red radish, mu seed about 80g are planted in Jiangyin City using this method；It is the recruitment of 5cm shallow ridges and biography to draw depth
It is suitable that system plays cave recruitment；Cover about 25 yuan of the seedling medium of seed；With seedling medium covering seed recruitment 0.25；Between period mu
Seedling about 1.5 times, every time about 1 work, totally 1.5 works.Management and expense after final singling etc., this method is same with conventional method.
Red radish is planted in Jiangyin City using this method, every mu of saving seed about 80-120g pays seed less
12.8-19.2 members；With seedling medium covering seed ratio conventional method covering seed, many 25 yuan of expenditures, less recruitment 0.75 (75
Member), it is actual to save 50 yuan；This method thinning is fewer with 3-3.5 work than conventional, and 300-350 members are paid less.Integrate, use
This method plants Red radish radish in Jiangyin City, and dart transfer meets agricultural now few recruitment, the principle of abridged edition, and mu is used less
Work 3.75-4.25, adds saving seed expense 12.8-19.2 members, subtracts 25 yuan of seedling medium of purchase, expense is saved altogether
362.8-419.2 it is first.
Embodiment 2：
Area of Jiangyan City of Jiangsu Province is general in 10 to 15 sowing autumn and winter radish of August, with a kind of sub- radish of Rugao one hundred days (root skin root
Meat is the circle ternip of white) exemplified by, as shown in figure 1, the suitable line-spacing of the kind and spacing in the rows are respectively 35cm and 20cm, often
Mu about plants 7300 plants, traditional planting method, 4-5, every cave point seed, mu grain weight 233.6g to 292g；Prepare lid seed to use
Fine earth broadcast rear blinding about with 1 work, yuan/day of local wage about 100 plus seed；Thinning 3-4 times, with 5.5 to 6.5 works.
The sub- radish seed germination percentage of Rugao one hundred days harvested then is more than 90%, thousand grain weigth about 8g, the sub- radish seed valency of Rugao one hundred days
About 50 yuan/500g of lattice.
The sub- radish of Rugao one hundred days, mu seed about 116.8g are planted in area of Taizhou City Jiangyan City using this method；Drawing depth is
It is suitable that the recruitment of 5cm shallow ridges plays cave recruitment with tradition；Cover about 25 yuan of the seedling medium of seed；Seed recruitment is covered with seedling medium
0.25；Period mu thinning about 1.5 times, every time about 1 work, totally 1.5 works.Management and expense after final singling etc., this method with
Conventional method is same.
One hundred days radish in Rugao is planted in area of Taizhou City Jiangyan City using this method, every mu is saved seed about 116.8-175.2g,
Expenditure seed 11.68-17.52 is first less；It is pay 25 yuan with seedling medium covering seed ratio conventional method covering seed more,
Few recruitment 0.75 (75 yuan), it is actual to save 50 yuan；This method thinning is fewer with 4-5 work than conventional, and 400-500 members are paid less.
Integrate, one hundred days radish in Rugao is planted in area of Taizhou City Jiangyan City using this method, dart transfer meets the few use of agricultural now
Work, the principle of abridged edition, mu few recruitment 4.75-5.25 add saving seed expense 12.8-19.2 members, subtract purchase nursery base
25 yuan of matter, saves expense 462.8-519.2 members altogether.
Embodiment 3：
Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences is general to sow radish breeding material on 10th in August 10 to September, with precocity
Exemplified by heat-resisting radish (such as Duanye 13 radish type), as shown in figure 1, the suitable line-spacing of the kind and spacing in the rows be respectively 25cm and
20cm, every mu is about planted 11000 plants, traditional planting method, 4-5, every cave point seed；Prepare the fine earth of lid seed about with 0.5
Work, local yuan/day of wage 100；Thinning 3-4 times.With 5.5 to 6.5 works.The radish seed germination percentage harvested then 90% with
On.
Planted using this method in Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences's breeding base (Nanjing Liuhe District Zhu Zhen towns)
Radish breeding material is planted, mu saves more than 80% with seed；It is the recruitment of 5cm shallow ridges and traditional to play cave recruitment suitable to draw depth；Covering
About 25 yuan of the seedling medium of seed；With seedling medium covering seed recruitment 0.25；Period mu thinning about 1.5 times, every time about 1
Work, totally 1.5 works.Management and expense after final singling etc., this method is same with conventional method.
Planted using this method in Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences's breeding base (Nanjing Liuhe District Zhu Zhen towns)
Radish breeding material is planted, covering seed ratio conventional method with seedling medium covers seed, many 25 yuan of expenditures, few recruitment 0.75
(75 yuan), it is actual to save 50 yuan；This method thinning is fewer with 4-5 work than conventional, and 400-500 members are paid less.Integrate, use
This method plants radish breeding material in Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences's breeding base (Nanjing Liuhe District Zhu Zhen towns)
Material, dart transfer meets agricultural now few recruitment, the principle of abridged edition, and mu few recruitment 4.75-5.25 subtracts purchase nursery base
25 yuan of matter, saves expense 450-500 members altogether.What is more important, the radish breeding Cai Liao Zhuo of R＆D institution is workman's tweezers
Obtained by supple-mentary pollination, and each radish kind pod contains seed mostly in 3-5 intergranulars, and each individual plant averagely harvests about 100, seed, obtains
Needed for breeding material it is artificial a lot；Conventional method plants radish breeding material, and general each individual plant autumn and winter sows 20 caves,
Per cave 4-5 seeds of point, get off in a season, 100 seeds of individual plant harvesting have been planted substantially.And selected elite seedling is wanted to expand
Breeding can only be done in the coming year again, have impact on breeding process；This method is such as used, after planted in fall terminates, each individual plant substantially can
About 50 seeds (based on being 100 during by every plant of harvesting) are left, numerous parental seed can be expanded on a small quantity then, breeding effect is improved
Rate, this method is more effective to scientific research breeding unit.
Embodiment 4：Sowing spacing in embodiment 1-3 is subjected to contrast test under the same conditions, as shown in figure 1, its
Different sowing spacing is as shown in the table in the influence result to thinning number of times：
As seen from the above table：Conventional method field thinning 3-4 times, compares labor intensive by each mu recruitment about 1-1.5,
Thinning number of times and recruitment are considerably reduced using the present invention.
Embodiment 5：Seed covering matrix different in embodiment 1-3 is subjected to contrast test, different substrates are to radish seed
The influence result of emergence rate is as shown in the table：
As seen from the above table：Covering matrix after improvement has a clear superiority at the ventilative aspect of water conservation, is reflected directly in raising hair
Bud rate (than seedling medium) more than 5%.
It should be noted that it is above-mentioned be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not for limit the present invention protection model
Enclose, made equivalents belong to protection scope of the present invention on the basis of above-described embodiment.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of implantation methods of radish seed, it is characterised in that described implantation methods are that radish seed germinates by determining
Mark shallow ridges → sowing son by the corresponding spacing of germination percentage grade correspondence, grain → and use after improvement in rate → division seed grade → field
Seedling medium covering seed, its detailed operating procedure is as follows：
1）Radish seed germination percentage is determined using conventional method；
2）Radish seed is divided into according to germination percentage difference；A grades of seeds：Germination percentage >=90%；B grades of seeds：Germination percentage be 85%~
90%, C grades of seeds：Germination percentage is 70%~85%；D grades of seeds：Germination percentage ＜ 70%；
3）One jiao of hoe or bamboo pole is used to be marked in field with the furrow face vertical and depth of trend as 5cm, width 3-5cm shallow ridges,
Described shallow ridges is 5cm apart from furrow face left and right sides edge；It is shallow using the regulation line-spacing of the radish varieties of plantation as adjacent two
Spacing between ditch；
4）By step 2）In radish seed point be multicast to step 3）Shallow ridges in, the sowing spacing of wherein A grades of seed is 15cm, B grades
The sowing spacing of seed is 10cm, and the sowing spacing of C grades of seeds is 7cm；
5）After the completion of sowing, covered using the seedling medium after improvement；Thickness is 2cm, the seedling medium after improvement for 50% it is normal
Seedling medium and 50% vegetable garden fine earth is advised to be formed after stirring mixing；
6）After planting 15-20 days, thinning and final singling operation are carried out during seedling age 5-7 leaves；In the operating process for carrying out thinning and final singling,
Regulation spacing in the rows-the 5cm of the radish varieties of the spacing in the rows >=plantation operated according to thinning, selects and remain green leaf color, robust plant, meets this product
The radish young plant of feature is planted, unnecessary radish young plant is removed.
2. the implantation methods of radish seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 2) divide category
Operating process in, germination percentage ＜ 70% D level seeds are considered as unqualified seed, are not used in field sowing.
3. the implantation methods of radish seed as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described implantation methods are applied to fertilizer
Big fleshy root is main edible organs, live crops.
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| CN110622757A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2019-12-31 | 邳州市苏鲁粮种繁育专业合作社 | Direct maca sowing and cultivating technology |
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