CN108849213A - The selection of one seed pod mulberry new varieties - Google Patents
The selection of one seed pod mulberry new varieties Download PDFInfo
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- CN108849213A CN108849213A CN201811172505.0A CN201811172505A CN108849213A CN 108849213 A CN108849213 A CN 108849213A CN 201811172505 A CN201811172505 A CN 201811172505A CN 108849213 A CN108849213 A CN 108849213A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses the selections of a seed pod mulberry new varieties:The mature mulberry fruit of the Taiwan morus laevigata mulberry tree of step 1, selection robust growth;Step 2, by Seed storage;Step 3 is sowed in late March to early April;Step 4 carries out thinning when fruit mulberry sapling high 5-7cm;Step 5 selects well-grown fruit mulberry sapling to be colonized in late May to early June;Step 6, successively point 3 pinching;Step 7, in the growth cycle of fruit mulberry sapling, to fruit mulberry sapling repeatedly apply fertilizer and carry out pest and disease damage prevention;Step 8, the well-grown fruit mulberry sapling of selection, in the late March in the coming year, select robust growth, diameter 0.4cm-0.8cm the annual fruit mulberry tree wood that grows directly from seeds for stock tree, fruit mulberry sapling is grafted on stock tree;Step 9 sprayed chemical mutagen, duration 8-12 month to the fruit mulberry sapling after grafting at interval of 1 month;Step 10, the variation fruit Sangzhi that selection is grown fine, fruit shape is big, fruit yield is high strain carry out tissue culture expanding propagation, obtain new varieties.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the selections of a seed pod mulberry new varieties.
Background technique
Traditional mulberry tree breed be by picking leaves breed silkworms for the purpose of cultivate made of, do not tie sorosis or result be smaller, be unable to shape
Established practice modelling industrialization production.And fruit mulberry be based on result, the general designation of fruit leaf dual-purpose mulberry tree, have nutrition extremely abundant and
A variety of medical health care functions, and delicious in taste, it is very popular since ancient times and pursue.
Application No. is 2015101518012 patents to disclose the dual-purpose mulberry races breeding of a seed pod, leaf and high effective model,
Step includes:1) fruit mulberry resource is collected;2) fruit mulberry resource is identified;3) easily picking tree-shaped is formed;4) fruit is transferred with mulberry tree early spring breeding ground
Connect a step orchard establishment;5) the dual-purpose mulberry cultivation management of fruit, leaf.Which solve domestic and international existing fruit with mulberry races in color, fruity, battalion
Form point, disadvantage is individually present in disease resistance and adaptability etc., be one kind select fruit leaf dual-purpose, mulberry amount height, features good taste,
Disease resistance is strong, is suitble to the fruit mulberry races in Jiangsu Province.But engrafting and cultivating is only carried out, and the fruit of fruit growing of mulberry and leaf, property
It can need to be further increased.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides the selection of a seed pod mulberry new varieties, screens and cultivate by mostly generation, choosing
Bring out fruit leaf dual-purpose and fruit shape is big, fruit yield is high fruit mulberry new varieties.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose and the technique effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
The selection of one seed pod mulberry new varieties, includes the following steps:
Step 1, the Taiwan morus laevigata mulberry tree for selecting robust growth pick its big, meat thickness mature mulberry fruit;
Pulp is removed in step 2, stranding, cleans seed, and by Seed storage;
Step 3 is sowed in late March to early April:It ditches by 25-35 centimetres of distance between rows and hills, 1-2 centimetres of ditch depth, after sowing seeds
Earthing;
Step 4 carries out thinning when fruit mulberry sapling high 5-7cm;
Step 5 selects well-grown fruit mulberry sapling to be colonized in late May to early June:It is colonized ditch depth 5-10cm, covers 2-
After 6cm surface soil, whole surface soils are backfilled after applications of farmyard manure again in surface soil, field planting strain mu plants 100-120 plants;
When step 6, new cultivation fruit mulberry sapling young sprout grow to 20-25cm, successively divides 3 pinching, pluck branch top 2.5-3.5cm;
Step 7, newly plant fruit mulberry sapling growth cycle in, to fruit mulberry sapling repeatedly apply fertilizer and carry out pest and disease damage prevention;
Step 8, the well-grown fruit mulberry sapling of selection select robust growth, diameter 0.4cm-0.8cm in the late March in the coming year
The annual fruit mulberry tree wood that grows directly from seeds is stock tree, and fruit mulberry sapling is grafted on stock tree;
Step 9 sprayed chemical mutagen, duration 8-12 month to the fruit mulberry sapling after grafting at interval of 1 month;
Step 10, the variation fruit Sangzhi that selection is grown fine, fruit shape is big, fruit yield is high strain carry out tissue culture expanding propagation, obtain new varieties.
It is preferred that, with 40-45 DEG C of water seed soaking, after natural cooling, then impregnating 8-10 hours, being store in moisture releasing sand before sowing
Vernalization is hidden, keeps wet, sowing when kind of a skin rupture shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
It is preferred that in step 6, at interval of the pinching of progress in 2 weeks.
It is preferred that selecting Japanese fuji red mulberry for stock tree, alternatively, selecting No. 2 fruit mulberries of red fruit is stock tree.
It is preferred that the chemical mutagen is alkylating agent.
It is preferred that the alkylating agent is ethylmethane sulfonate.
It is preferred that every fruit mulberry sapling sprays 1-1.5 milliliters of ethylmethane sulfonate.
It is preferred that the fertilizer of application includes one kind of farmyard manure, urea, mulberry tree special complex fertilizer and organic selenium fertilizer in step 7
Or combination.
It is preferred that every 2-3 months apply a urea.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The first, the elite seed of the Taiwan morus laevigata of robust growth is selected to carry out nursery as the first generation, by grafting and spraying
Chemical mutagen cultivate second generation fruit mulberry sapling, from the second generation fruit mulberry sapling selection grow fine, the variation that fruit shape is big, fruit yield is high
The strain of fruit Sangzhi carries out tissue culture expanding propagation, obtains new varieties.Not only fruit shape is big, but also fruit yield is high.
The second, using method of the invention, fruit Sangzhi strain robust growth, tree crown area account for 70% or so of entire fruit mulberry field,
And no disease and pests harm.
Third, new fruit mulberry races are atropurpureus, fruit matter sour and sweet palatability, a big, meat thickness, fruit long 10 after sorosis is mature
~15 centimetres, 22 centimetres of longest, and shedding phenomenon substantially reduces.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiment, so that the skill of this field
Art personnel can better understand the present invention and can be practiced, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
Fruit mulberry is to pick a kind of mulberry tree based on fruit mulberry fruit, according to planting density, the side such as cut shape formula, fretilization management
Surface technology measure controls fruit mulberry and leaf yield to adjust, and reaches fruit and produces cocoon bumper harvests, the mixed economy for improving fruit mulberry is imitated
Benefit.The common kind of fruit mulberry has:The kinds such as red fruit 2, Taiwan morus laevigata series big ten without seed, Japanese fuji be red.The present invention the
The seed that a generation is selected is based on Taiwan morus laevigata series, introduces in detail below.
The selection of one seed pod mulberry new varieties, includes the following steps:
Step 1, the Taiwan morus laevigata mulberry tree for selecting robust growth pick its big, meat thickness mature mulberry fruit.
Taiwan morus laevigata, alias Zijin honey mulberry is by big fruit mulberry and other several wild morus laevigatas by Taiwan expert through several
Excellent variety made of improveing after secondary pollination, it grows vigorous, medium blade, and the maturity period is early, and mulberry fruit is rich in multivitamin, packet
Alphalin, B1, B2, C, Yi Jitie, calcium etc. are included, there is nutrition abundant and a variety of medical health care functions.
Pulp is removed in step 2, harvesting purple maturation mulberry fruit, stranding, cleans seed, and by Seed storage, generally carries out damp sand storage
Hiding.
Step 3 is sowed in late March to early April:It ditches, 1-2 centimetres of ditch depth, spreads by 25-35 centimetres of distance between rows and hills
Earthing after kind.
It is preferred that, with 40-45 DEG C of water seed soaking, after natural cooling, then impregnating 8-10 hours, being store in moisture releasing sand before sowing
Vernalization is hidden, keeps wet, sowing when kind of a skin rupture shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.For example, by prepartion of land, sundries is removed, by row strain by the end of March
It ditches away from 30 centimetres or so, 1.5 centimetres of ditch depth, earthing after sowing seeds, when sowing can apply some farmyard manures.
Step 4 carries out thinning when fruit mulberry sapling high 5-7cm, goes weak stay by force.
Step 5 selects well-grown fruit mulberry sapling to be colonized in late May to early June:It is colonized ditch depth 5-10cm,
After covering 2-6cm surface soil, whole surface soils are backfilled after applications of farmyard manure again in surface soil, field planting strain mu plants 100-120 plants.
When step 6, new cultivation fruit mulberry sapling young sprout grow to 20-25cm, successively divides 3 pinching, pluck branch top 2.5-
3.5cm。
It is preferred that site observation newly plants the case where fruit mulberry sapling single plant is grown, wherein grows at interval of the pinching of progress in 2 weeks
Fast first plucks, and plucks after growing slow.When reserved trunk, basic branch, side shoot grow to certain length, its apical growing point is plucked
It removes, controllable increase of pinching grows with attenuating, is conducive to diameter increment and accelerates fruit development, preferably carries out in the morning or cloudy day.
After transplanting, it is also necessary to carry out other management, including cut dry, bud thinning, irrigation and drainage, weeding etc., details are not described herein.
Step 7, newly plant fruit mulberry sapling growth cycle in, to fruit mulberry sapling repeatedly apply fertilizer and carry out pest and disease damage prevention.
According to the growing state of fruit seedling, the fertilizer of application includes farmyard manure, urea, mulberry tree special complex fertilizer and organic selenium fertilizer
One kind or combination, wherein apply a urea within every 2-3 months.Main fertilising situation is as follows:
12 kilograms or so of urea, 5 kilograms of farmyard manure or so per acre are applied when mulberry bud is sprouted;
20 kilograms or so of urea, 25 kilograms of mulberry tree special complex fertilizer or so, 6 kilograms of organic selenium fertilizer per acre are applied after silkworm in spring
Left and right;
6 kilograms or so of urea, 3 kilograms of 8 kilograms of mulberry tree special complex fertilizer or so, organic selenium fertilizer left sides per acre are applied after autumn silkworm
It is right.
It should be noted that Taiwan morus laevigata Performance of cultivar goes out extra-heavy disease resistance, layouting to plant experimentally in China is showed
Highly resistance sclerotiniose and powdery mildew do not find other diseases yet.The general time is not required to pesticide control disease, such as finds insect pest, can adopt
Worm is controlled with local low residual hazard pesticide.
Step 8, the well-grown fruit mulberry sapling of selection, in the coming year(Second year)Late March, select robust growth, diameter
The annual fruit mulberry tree wood that grows directly from seeds of 0.4cm-0.8cm is stock tree, and fruit mulberry sapling is grafted on stock tree.
It is stock tree that Japanese fuji red mulberry, which can be selected, alternatively, selecting No. 2 fruit mulberries of red fruit is stock tree, fruit mulberry is got bumper crops,
Robust plant, using normal engrafting method.
Step 9 sprayed chemical mutagen, duration 8-12 month to the fruit mulberry sapling after grafting at interval of 1 month.
Chemical mutagen reaches the gene mutation of fruit mulberry sapling or chromosome aberration more than naturally horizontally, wherein alkylating agent is
Most important a kind of mutagens of cultivated crop Mutation induction, the present invention, preferred alkylating agent is ethylmethane sulfonate, every fruit mulberry
Seedling sprays 1-1.5 milliliters of ethylmethane sulfonate, duration 8-12 month.
Step 10, the variation fruit Sangzhi that selection is grown fine, fruit shape is big, fruit yield is high strain carry out tissue culture expanding propagation, obtain new
Kind.
Leaf is silkworm feed, and harvesting when annual fruit maturation in 4~June is cleaned, decontamination, dries or shine xerophagia after slightly steaming
With.With promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, nourishing yin and supplementing blood, improving eyesight and quiet nerves and other effects, mulberry fruit is full of nutrition, has sweet and sour taste, medicinal peace etc.
Feature.Modern medicine study show mulberry fruit have enhancing immune function, promote hematopoietic cell growth, prevent human body artery hardening,
The effect of boosting metabolism, long-term consumption mulberry fruit can promote longevity.
It applies on tcm clinical practice and medical industry in addition, mulberry fruit serves not only as Chinese medicine, and also gets in the food industry
It is more widely exploited, the mulberry fruit that can use new varieties plantation prepares mulberry beverage, mulberry fruit wine, sorosis sauce and mulberry fruit
The products such as extract anthocyanidin.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The first, the elite seed of the Taiwan morus laevigata of robust growth is selected to carry out nursery as the first generation, by grafting and spraying
Chemical mutagen cultivate second generation fruit mulberry sapling, from the second generation fruit mulberry sapling selection grow fine, the variation that fruit shape is big, fruit yield is high
The strain of fruit Sangzhi carries out tissue culture expanding propagation, obtains new varieties.Not only fruit shape is big, but also fruit yield is high.
The second, using method of the invention, fruit Sangzhi strain robust growth, tree crown area account for 70% or so of entire fruit mulberry field,
And no disease and pests harm.
Third, new fruit mulberry races are atropurpureus, fruit matter sour and sweet palatability, a big, meat thickness, fruit long 10 after sorosis is mature
~15 centimetres, 22 centimetres of longest, and shedding phenomenon substantially reduces.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure made by bright description perhaps equivalent process transformation or is directly or indirectly used in other relevant technologies
Field is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the selection of a seed pod mulberry new varieties, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1, the Taiwan morus laevigata mulberry tree for selecting robust growth pick its big, meat thickness mature mulberry fruit;
Pulp is removed in step 2, stranding, cleans seed, and by Seed storage;
Step 3 is sowed in late March to early April:It ditches by 25-35 centimetres of distance between rows and hills, 1-2 centimetres of ditch depth, after sowing seeds
Earthing;
Step 4 carries out thinning when fruit mulberry sapling high 5-7cm;
Step 5 selects well-grown fruit mulberry sapling to be colonized in late May to early June:It is colonized ditch depth 5-10cm, covers 2-
After 6cm surface soil, whole surface soils are backfilled after applications of farmyard manure again in surface soil, field planting strain mu plants 100-120 plants;
When step 6, new cultivation fruit mulberry sapling young sprout grow to 20-25cm, successively divides 3 pinching, pluck branch top 2.5-3.5cm;
Step 7, newly plant fruit mulberry sapling growth cycle in, to fruit mulberry sapling repeatedly apply fertilizer and carry out pest and disease damage prevention;
Step 8, the well-grown fruit mulberry sapling of selection select robust growth, diameter 0.4cm-0.8cm in the late March in the coming year
The annual fruit mulberry tree wood that grows directly from seeds is stock tree, and fruit mulberry sapling is grafted on stock tree;
Step 9 sprayed chemical mutagen, duration 8-12 month to the fruit mulberry sapling after grafting at interval of 1 month;
Step 10, the variation fruit Sangzhi that selection is grown fine, fruit shape is big, fruit yield is high strain carry out tissue culture expanding propagation, obtain new varieties.
2. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 1, which is characterized in that before sowing, with 40-45 DEG C
Water seed soaking after natural cooling, then impregnates 8-10 hours, storing and germination accelerating in moisture releasing sand, keeps wet, shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally to kind of a skin rupture
When sow.
3. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in step 6, at interval of 2
Pinching of Zhou Jinhang.
4. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 2, which is characterized in that selection Japanese fuji red fruit
Mulberry is stock tree.
5. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 2, which is characterized in that selection No. 2 fruit mulberries of red fruit
For stock tree.
6. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 4 or 5, which is characterized in that the chemical mutagenesis
Agent is alkylating agent.
7. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the alkylating agent is methyl
Sulfonic acid.
8. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 7, which is characterized in that every fruit mulberry sapling sprays first
1-1.5 milliliters of base sulfonic acid.
9. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 7, the fertilizer of application
Material includes one kind or combination of farmyard manure, urea, mulberry tree special complex fertilizer and organic selenium fertilizer.
10. the selection of seed pod mulberry new varieties according to claim 9, which is characterized in that apply one within every 2-3 months
Secondary urea.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109452168A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-03-12 | 安徽省农业科学院农业工程研究所 | A kind of red efficient mutagenic breeding method of beech leaf color mutant |
CN109588169A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-09 | 溧阳市天目湖农业发展有限公司 | One seed pod mulberry Efficient Cultivation new method |
CN113966677A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-25 | 青岛灯塔农林高科技开发有限公司 | Grafting cultivation method for mulberry with long fruits |
CN116114520A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-16 | 承德医学院 | Fruit mulberry variety comparison method |
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CN109588169A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-04-09 | 溧阳市天目湖农业发展有限公司 | One seed pod mulberry Efficient Cultivation new method |
CN113966677A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-25 | 青岛灯塔农林高科技开发有限公司 | Grafting cultivation method for mulberry with long fruits |
CN116114520A (en) * | 2023-02-06 | 2023-05-16 | 承德医学院 | Fruit mulberry variety comparison method |
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