CN104190623A - Sorting method of red sage seeds - Google Patents
Sorting method of red sage seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN104190623A CN104190623A CN201410442792.8A CN201410442792A CN104190623A CN 104190623 A CN104190623 A CN 104190623A CN 201410442792 A CN201410442792 A CN 201410442792A CN 104190623 A CN104190623 A CN 104190623A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sorting method of red sage seeds. Wind screening and gravity screening are included. The method comprises the steps that the screening piece size of a seed wind screening type sorting machine, the feeding speed and the screening box vibration frequency are adjusted, and wind screening is carried out; and the longitudinal dip angle and the horizontal dip angle of a gravity type sorting machine workbench are adjusted, according to the feeding speed, 91 g-301 g of standard crop seeds can flow out every minute, the vibration frequency of the workbench is 300-375 times per minute, and gravity screening is carried out. According to the method, after related parameters of the wind screening type sorting machine and the gravity type sorting machine are adjusted, the emergence rate and the cleanliness of the sorted red sage seeds meet the requirement of the emergence rate and the cleanliness of country-level seeds stated by GB/T18247.4-2000.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seed processing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of method of cleaning of red sage seed.
Background technology
Red sage is Labiatae, Salvia annual herb flowers, and pattern is bright-coloured, inflorescence is slender, in China's afforestation, be widely used.Red sage mainly relies on seminal propagation, and its seed is produced and is in great demand.The main problem that red sage production of hybrid seeds process exists is exactly that the germination percentage of seed is lower, generally only has 40%～50%.A reason that causes this low germination percentage be exactly red sage be indefinite inflorescence, on Hua Sui the maturity period of seed inconsistent, during results, often ripe seed and immature flat seed can be mixed.In order to improve red sage seed commodity value and use value, must by the purification of seeds of mature and plump out, with this, improve germination percentage and the cleanliness of seed.
Purification of seeds is that to utilize seed to carry out with the difference of impurity physical property separated, thereby obtains the process of better quality seed.The method that purification of seeds is conventional has selection by winnowing, screening, gravity preparation, indent separating etc.Percentage of seedgermination after cleaning and cleanliness all can obtain larger raising.In China, cleaning of red sage seed mainly also relied on to manual mode, less use seed machinery.Therefore the machinery method of cleaning of the applicable red sage seed of research has important meaning.By the impurity in the red sage seed material to after threshing, analyze, impurity mainly comprises flat seed, disease and pest seed, residual branch, native bits, stone, soil block etc.The main distinction of flat seed, disease and pest seed and full red sage seed is weight difference; The main distinction of residual branch, native bits, stone, soil block and full red sage seed is the difference of shape and weight.According to main flowers product hierarchy the 4th part of GB/T18247.4-2000 < <: the requirement of flower seed > > to red sage seed quality, first order seed requires germination percentage to be not less than 85%, and cleanliness is not less than 98%; Secondary seed requires germination percentage to be not less than 80%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%; Three grades of seeds require germination percentage to be not less than 50%, and cleanliness is not less than 90%.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of cleaning of red sage seed.
The method of cleaning of red sage seed described above comprises pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) pneumatic jig choosing: the parameter of adjusting seed air-and-screen cleaner: sieve size, rate of feeding and screen box vibration frequency, carry out pneumatic jig choosing;
(2) gravity preparation: the parameter of adjusting seed gravity separator: end slope of table and cross dip, rate of feeding are that the vibration frequency that can flow out standard crop seed 91～301g, work top per minute is 300 beats/min～375 beats/min, carry out gravity preparation;
(3) after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the red sage seed going out from heavy material egress screening is directly applied.
In said method, the model of described air-and-screen cleaner is LA-LS; The model of described gravity separator is LAKTA.
In said method, the size of described sieve: upper sieve is slotted hole sieve, sieve aperture width 4.0mm; Middle level sieve is round-hole mesh, diameter 3.2mm; Lower screen is slotted hole sieve, sieve aperture width 1.4mm.
In said method, it is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 2250g that described pneumatic jig selects rate of feeding in step.
In said method, the vibration frequency of described air-and-screen cleaner screen box is 417 beats/min.
In said method, the step of described pneumatic jig choosing repeats 3～5 times, is specially 1 time, 2 times, 3 times, 4 times or 5 times.
In said method, in described gravity preparation step, end slope of table is 1 °; Described work top cross dip is 3 °～4 °.
In said method, in described gravity preparation step, rate of feeding is specially and per minutely can flows out standard crop seed 301g; Described work top vibration frequency is specially 350 beats/min.
In said method, at the seed filtering out from middle material outlet after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation step, need again clean; The seed that material outlet filters out is on the lenient side given up.
Method described above application in red sage purification of seeds also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention, according to the kind of impurity and feature, adopts seed air-and-screen cleaner and gravity separator to clean red sage seed.Wherein air-and-screen cleaner mainly improves the cleanliness of seed, removes residual branch, native bits, stone, soil block and a part of flat seed; Gravity separator can improve germination percentage and the cleanliness of seed simultaneously, mainly removes flat seed and disease and pest seed.
The invention provides a kind of method of cleaning of red sage seed.The red sage percentage of seedgermination that the present invention cleans out after the relevant parameter of seed air-and-screen cleaner and gravity separator is adjusted and cleanliness all reach the country-level percentage of seedgermination of GB/T18247.4-2000 regulation and the requirement of cleanliness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that No. 1 cleanliness after the screening of seed material air changes.
Fig. 2 is that No. 2 cleanliness after the screening of seed material air change.
Fig. 3 is that No. 3 cleanliness after the screening of seed material air change.
Fig. 4 is that No. 4 cleanliness after the screening of seed material air change.
Fig. 5 is that the cleanliness after the screening of fifth-seeded material air changes.
The specific embodiment
The experimental technique using in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
In following embodiment, material used, reagent etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
Laboratory apparatus: seed air-and-screen cleaner is bought from Damas company, and model is LA-LS; Seed gravity separator is bought from Damas company, and model is LAKTA.
Experiment material: No. 1 seed material is that ' Olympic Torch 1120 ' seed, in September, 2013～October, Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute gathered in the crops red sage.' Olympic Torch 1120 ' disclosed red sage in document " Dong Aixiang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali, red sage germination characteristic research, seed, 2007,26 (5): 33-35 ", and the public can obtain by Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute.
No. 2 seed materials and No. 3 seed materials are red sage ' Olympic Torch 1120 ' seed, proving ground, Chifeng in September, 2013～October results.The division of No. 2 and No. 3 seed materials is not to be all foundation harvest time, and wherein No. 2 seed material results are before arriving frost season, and No. 3 seed material results are after arriving frost season.' Olympic Torch 1120 ' disclosed red sage in document " Dong Aixiang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali, red sage germination characteristic research, seed, 2007,26 (5): 33-35 ", and the public can obtain by Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute.
No. 4 seed materials are red sage ' Olympic Torch 1120 ' seed, proving ground, Chifeng in September, 2012～October results.' Olympic Torch 1120 ' disclosed red sage in document " Dong Aixiang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali, red sage germination characteristic research, seed, 2007,26 (5): 33-35 ", and the public can obtain by Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute.
Fifth-seeded material is red sage ' 73# ' seed, and in September, 2013～October, Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute gathered in the crops.Red sage ' 73# ' disclosed in document " Dong Aixiang, Hao Baogang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali, 5 red sage kind Heat tolerance identifications, Chinese agronomy circular, 2007,23 (4): 265-269 ", and the public can obtain by Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute.
Standard crop seed in following embodiment is that ' capital winter 18 ' seed, ' the capital winter 18 ' disclosed wheat in document " single Fu Hua, Tian Liping; Zhang Fengting, Pang Binshuan, high new sweetheart; Ren Liping; Hou Shumin, Zhao Changping, the careful Wheat Cultivars of capital winter series state and breeding research; research of agricultural science; 2012,33 (2): 17-20 ", and the public can obtain by Fangshan District of Beijing breeding service centre.
The method of embodiment 1, red sage purification of seeds
No. 1 seed material is cleaned, and the step of cleaning method is as follows:
One, pneumatic jig choosing
1, adjust the size of seed air-and-screen cleaner sieve: upper, middle and lower-ranking sieve is installed, the size of every layer of sieve in the screen box of air-and-screen cleaner: upper sieve is slotted hole sieve, sieve aperture width 4.0mm; Middle level sieve is round-hole mesh, diameter 3.2mm; Lower screen is slotted hole sieve, sieve aperture width 1.4mm.
2, seed is put into spout, adjust seed air-and-screen cleaner rate of feeding, screen box vibration frequency: rate of feeding is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 2250g; Screen box vibration frequency is 417 beats/min.Adjust the air quantity in primary air separating duct, rear air channel, making does not have seed in expansion chamber.
3, carry out 5 pneumatic jig choosings, and the cleanliness after each pneumatic jig choosing is added up.No. 1 seed material cleanliness after pneumatic jig choosing changes as shown in Fig. 1 and table 2.Result shows: the cleanliness of No. 1 seed material has reached good effect after 3 pneumatic jig choosings.
Two, gravity preparation
1, use gravity separator to clean in the seed after pneumatic jig choosing.Adjust the parameter of gravity separator: wherein end slope of table is adjusted into 1 °, work top cross dip can regulate according to the difference of unit interval output, generally can, at 3 °～4 °, in the present embodiment, work top cross dip be adjusted into 4 °.
2, seed is put into spout, rate of feeding and table vibration frequency can require to regulate according to actual production, with seed material in watering and separation procedure, on table top, do not pile up, and are uniformly distributed as standard.Adjust respectively rate of feeding and be and per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 91g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 300 beats/min (processing 1); Adjust rate of feeding and be and per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 375 beats/min (processing 2); Adjust rate of feeding and be and per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min (processing 3).In watering and separation procedure, regulate table top air quantity, make seed material at compass screen surface higher slice, by work top vibration, clean seed is separated with impurity.
Result shows (as shown in table 1): No. 1 seed material passes through the gravity preparation of different rate of feeding, varying mesa vibration frequency, and the seed filtering out has all reached country-level seed about the requirement of germination percentage and cleanliness.Preferably adjust rate of feeding and be and per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
3, after gravity preparation, heavier seed concentrates on the table top high-end (heavy material outlet) of triangle sorting work platform, and the seed of counterweight material outlet carries out germination percentage and cleanliness is measured.Result shows: the red sage percentage of seedgermination going out from heavy material egress screening and cleanliness meet the first order seed germination percentage of GB/T18247.4-2000 regulation, the requirement of cleanliness.
Lighter seed concentrates on the table top low side (light material outlet) of triangle sorting work platform, and the seed of material outlet is abandoned using on the lenient side.All the other seeds, in the middle of the table top of triangle sorting work platform (intermediate material outlet), belong to weight mixed zone (being the region that heavier seed and lighter seed mix) seed, need again clean.
4,, after No. 1 seed material is cleaned according to the method for above-mentioned steps, germination percentage and cleanliness change as shown in Table 2 and Figure 1.Result shows: after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the germination percentage of red sage seed and cleanliness have all had raising largely, have all reached country-level seed about the requirement of germination percentage and cleanliness.
Table 1, different rate of feeding, varying mesa vibration frequency are to No. 1 seed sorting purpose influential effect
Note: in table, germination percentage and cleanliness all refer to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet
The variation of germination percentage and cleanliness after table 2, No. 1 seed sorting purpose
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness all refer to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet; It is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g that gravity preparation step is adjusted rate of feeding, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
The red sage seed in embodiment 2, different results place, different results periods clean effect
No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 seed materials are cleaned according to the method for cleaning in embodiment 1, and after the red sage purification of seeds in different results place, different results periods, germination percentage and cleanliness change as shown in table 3.Result shows: after the red sage purification of seeds in different results place, different results periods, germination percentage and cleanliness are all greatly increased, and have all reached country-level seed about the requirement of germination percentage and cleanliness.
The germination percentage of No. 2 seed materials, cleanliness change as shown in table 4 and Fig. 2; No. 3 seed material germination percentage, cleanliness change as shown in table 5 and Fig. 3.Result shows: the cleanliness of No. 2 seed materials and No. 3 seed materials has all reached good effect after 4 pneumatic jig choosings.
After the seed sorting purpose in table 3, different results place, different results periods, germination percentage and cleanliness change
Note: clean the index of correlation that rear germination percentage and cleanliness all refer to the seed of heavy material outlet in table; It is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g that gravity preparation step is adjusted rate of feeding, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
The variation of germination percentage and cleanliness after table 4, No. 2 seed sorting purposes
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness all refer to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet; It is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g that gravity preparation step is adjusted rate of feeding, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
The variation of germination percentage and cleanliness after table 5, No. 3 seed sorting purposes
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness all refer to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet; It is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g that gravity preparation step is adjusted rate of feeding, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
The red sage seed of embodiment 3, different year clean effect
No. 4 seed materials are cleaned according to the method for cleaning in embodiment 1, and germination percentage and cleanliness change as shown in table 6, Fig. 4.Result shows: after the red sage purification of seeds of different year, germination percentage and cleanliness are all greatly increased, and has all reached country-level seed about the requirement of germination percentage and cleanliness; The cleanliness of No. 4 seed materials has reached good effect after 3 pneumatic jig choosings.
The variation of germination percentage and cleanliness after table 6, No. 4 seed sorting purposes
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness all refer to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet; It is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g that gravity preparation step is adjusted rate of feeding, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
The red sage purification of seeds effect of embodiment 4, different cultivars
Fifth-seeded material is cleaned according to the method for cleaning in embodiment 1, and germination percentage and cleanliness change as shown in table 7, Fig. 5.Result shows: after the red sage purification of seeds of different cultivars, germination percentage and cleanliness are all greatly increased, and has all reached country-level seed about the requirement of germination percentage and cleanliness; The cleanliness of fifth-seeded material has reached good effect after 4 pneumatic jig choosings.
The variation of germination percentage and cleanliness after table 7, fifth-seeded sorting purpose
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness all refer to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet; It is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 301g that gravity preparation step is adjusted rate of feeding, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
Claims (9)
1. the method for cleaning of red sage seed, comprises pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) pneumatic jig choosing: the parameter of adjusting seed air-and-screen cleaner: sieve size, rate of feeding and screen box vibration frequency, carry out pneumatic jig choosing;
(2) gravity preparation: the parameter of adjusting seed gravity separator: the vibration frequency of end slope of table and cross dip, rate of feeding, work top, carry out gravity preparation;
(3) after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the red sage seed going out from heavy material egress screening is directly applied;
Described gravity preparation rate of feeding is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 91～301g; The vibration frequency of described gravity preparation work top is 300 beats/min～375 beats/min.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the model of described air-and-screen cleaner is LA-LS; The model of described gravity separator is LAKTA.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the size of described sieve: upper sieve is slotted hole sieve, sieve aperture width 4.0mm; Middle level sieve is round-hole mesh, diameter 3.2mm; Lower screen is slotted hole sieve, sieve aperture width 1.4mm.
4. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: it is per minutely can flow out standard crop seed 2250g that described pneumatic jig selects rate of feeding in step.
5. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: the vibration frequency of described air-and-screen cleaner screen box is 417 beats/min.
6. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: the step of described pneumatic jig choosing repeats 3～5 times.
7. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described end slope of table is 1 °; Described work top cross dip is 3 °～4 °.
8. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described rate of feeding is specially and per minutely can flows out standard crop seed 301g; The vibration frequency of described work table top is specially 350 beats/min.
9. according to the arbitrary described method of claim 1-8, it is characterized in that: described after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the seed filtering out from middle material outlet need be cleaned again; The seed that material outlet filters out is on the lenient side given up.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104737745A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Radish seed planting method |
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| JP2000157932A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-13 | Kinki:Kk | Vibrating and air sorting screen |
| JP2000202368A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-07-25 | Miike Tekkosho:Kk | Air-blow sorting apparatus |
| JP2003071386A (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-11 | Nkk Corp | Apparatus for sorting/recovering lightweight plastic |
| CN2863276Y (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-01-31 | 黄内友 | Seed classifier |
| CN103734877A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏大学 | Milk thistle seed hulling and hull and kernel separating method |
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2014
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Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1094662A (en) * | 1993-04-24 | 1994-11-09 | 周和平 | Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device |
| CN2344101Y (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 1999-10-20 | 石河子市华农种子机械制造有限公司 | Compound seed sorter |
| JP2000157932A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-13 | Kinki:Kk | Vibrating and air sorting screen |
| JP2000202368A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-07-25 | Miike Tekkosho:Kk | Air-blow sorting apparatus |
| JP2003071386A (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-11 | Nkk Corp | Apparatus for sorting/recovering lightweight plastic |
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| CN103734877A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏大学 | Milk thistle seed hulling and hull and kernel separating method |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104737745A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2015-07-01 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Radish seed planting method |
| CN104737745B (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2017-08-01 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of implantation methods of radish seed |
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| CN104190623B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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