CN104190623B - A kind of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed clean method - Google Patents
A kind of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed clean method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104190623B CN104190623B CN201410442792.8A CN201410442792A CN104190623B CN 104190623 B CN104190623 B CN 104190623B CN 201410442792 A CN201410442792 A CN 201410442792A CN 104190623 B CN104190623 B CN 104190623B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed cleans method.Including pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, specifically comprise the following steps that the adjustment sieve size of seed air-and-screen cleaner, rate of feeding and screen box frequency of vibration, carry out pneumatic jig choosing；Adjust the vertical inclination angle of seed gravity separator work top and cross dip, rate of feeding be per minute can flow out standard crop seed 91～301g, the frequency of vibration of work top is 300 beats/min～375 beats/min, carries out gravity preparation.Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis percentage of seedgermination and cleanliness that the present invention cleans out after being adjusted by the relevant parameter of air-and-screen cleaner and gravity separator all reach country-level percentage of seedgermination, the requirement of cleanliness that GB/T18247.4 2000 specifies.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to seed processing technique field, be specifically related to a kind of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed cleans method.
Background technology
Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis is Labiatae, Salvia annual herb flowers, and pattern is bright-coloured, inflorescence is slender, in China gardens
Greening is widely used.Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis relies primarily on seminal propagation, and its seed produces and is in great demand.Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis
It is relatively low that the main problem that production of hybrid seeds process exists is exactly the germination percentage of seed, and general only 40%～50%.Cause this
One reason of low germination percentage be exactly Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis be indefinite inflorescence, on spica, the period of maturation of seed is inconsistent, during results
Often ripe seed and immature flat seed are mixed.In order to improve Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed commodity value and make
By value, it is necessary to by the purification of seeds of mature and plump out, the germination percentage improving seed with this and cleanliness.
Purification of seeds is to utilize seed to separate with the difference of impurity physical property, thus obtains better quality seed
Process.The method that purification of seeds is conventional has selecting crude drugs with winnower, screening, gravity preparation, indent separating etc..Seed after cleaning
Germination percentage and cleanliness all can obtain bigger raising.In China, Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed is cleaned and mainly also relies on manual mode,
Less use seed machinery.Therefore the machinery method of cleaning of the applicable Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed of research has important meaning.By right
The impurity in Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed material after threshing is analyzed, and impurity mainly includes flat seed, pest and disease damage seed, residual
Branch, soil bits, stone, soil block etc..Flat seed, pest and disease damage seed are weights with the main distinction of full Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed
Amount difference；The main distinction of residual branch, soil bits, stone, soil block and full Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed is the difference of shape and weight
Not.According to GB/T18247.4-2000 " main flowers product hierarchy the 4th part: flower seed " to Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed
The requirement of quality, first order seed requires that germination percentage is not less than 85%, and cleanliness is not less than 98%；Secondary seed requires to germinate
Rate is not less than 80%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%；Three grades of seeds require that germination percentage is not less than 50%, and cleanliness is not less than 90%.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed cleans method.
The method of cleaning of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed described above includes pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, specifically comprises the following steps that
(1) pneumatic jig choosing: adjust the parameter of seed air-and-screen cleaner: sieve size, rate of feeding and screen box vibration are frequently
Rate, carries out pneumatic jig choosing；
(2) gravity preparation: adjust the parameter of seed gravity separator: end slope of table and cross dip, feed
Material speed be per minute can flow out standard crop seed 91～301g, the frequency of vibration of work top is 300 beats/min
Clock～375 beats/min, carry out gravity preparation；
(3) after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed gone out from heavy material egress screening is directly applied.
In said method, the model of described air-and-screen cleaner is LA-LS；The model of described gravity separator
For LAKTA.
In said method, the size of described sieve: upper sieve is long hole sizer, sieve aperture width 4.0mm；Middle level sieve is circle
Hole sizer, diameter 3.2mm；Lower screen is long hole sizer, sieve aperture width 1.4mm.
In said method, described pneumatic jig selects the rate of feeding in step to be per minute can to flow out standard crop seed
2250g。
In said method, the frequency of vibration of described air-and-screen cleaner screen box is 417 beats/min.
In said method, the step of described pneumatic jig choosing repeats 3～5 times, specially 1 time, 2 times, 3 times, 4
Secondary or 5 times.
In said method, in described gravity preparation step, end slope of table is 1 °；Described work top cross dip
It it is 3 °～4 °.
In said method, in described gravity preparation step, rate of feeding is specially and per minute can flow out standard crop seed
301g；Described work top frequency of vibration is specially 350 beats/min.
In said method, need to carry out at the seed filtered out from middle material outlet after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation step
Again clean；The seed filtered out from light material outlet is given up.
Method described above application in Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis purification of seeds falls within protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention, according to the kind of impurity and feature, uses seed air-and-screen cleaner and gravity separator to Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis
Seed is cleaned.Wherein air-and-screen cleaner mainly improves the cleanliness of seed, removes residual branch, soil bits, stone, soil
Block and a part of flat seed；Gravity separator can improve germination percentage and the cleanliness of seed simultaneously, and main removing is flat
Seed and pest and disease damage seed.
The invention provides a kind of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed cleans method.The present invention is by seed air-and-screen cleaner and gravity type
Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis percentage of seedgermination and cleanliness that the relevant parameter of cleaner is cleaned out after being adjusted all reach
The country-level percentage of seedgermination of GB/T18247.4-2000 regulation and the requirement of cleanliness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the cleanliness change after No. 1 seed material air screening.
Fig. 2 is the cleanliness change after No. 2 seed material air screenings.
Fig. 3 is the cleanliness change after No. 3 seed material air screenings.
Fig. 4 is the cleanliness change after No. 4 seed material air screenings.
Fig. 5 is the cleanliness change after the screening of fifth-seeded material air.
Detailed description of the invention
Experimental technique used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is conventional method.
Material used in following embodiment, reagent etc., if no special instructions, the most commercially obtain.
Experimental apparatus: seed air-and-screen cleaner is bought from Damas company, and model is LA-LS；Seed gravity type is clear
Selecting machine to buy from Damas company, model is LAKTA.
Experiment material: No. 1 seed material is Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis ' Olympic Torch 1120 ' seed, in JIUYUE, 2013～Beijing in October
Gardens, city research institute gathers in the crops.Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis ' Olympic Torch 1120 ' document " Dong Aixiang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali,
Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis germination characteristic research, seed, 2007,26 (5): 33-35 " mistake disclosed in, the public can be by north
Jing Shi gardens research institute obtains.
No. 2 seed materials and No. 3 seed materials are Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis ' Olympic Torch 1120 ' seed, in JIUYUE, 2013～October
Proving ground, Chifeng gathers in the crops.The division of No. 2 and No. 3 seed materials is not all foundation, wherein No. 2 seeds with harvest time
Material results are before frost season arrives, and No. 3 seed material results are after frost season arrives.Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis ' Olympic Torch 1120 '
Document " Dong Aixiang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali, Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis germination characteristic research, seed, 2007,26 (5):
33-35 " disclosed in mistake, the public can be obtained by Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute.
No. 4 seed materials are Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis ' Olympic Torch 1120 ' seed, in JIUYUE, 2012～proving ground, Chifeng in October
Results.' " Dong Aixiang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali, Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis germination is special at document for Olympic Torch 1120 ' for Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis
Journal of Sex Research, seed, 2007,26 (5): 33-35 " mistake disclosed in, the public can pass through Ornamental Plants of Beijing District scientific research
Institute obtains.
Fifth-seeded material is Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis ' 73# ' seed, and in JIUYUE, 2013～Ornamental Plants of Beijing District research institute in October receive
Obtain.Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis ' 73# ' is at document " Dong Aixiang, Hao Baogang, Zhang Xixi, Zhang Huali, 5 Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis kind thermostability
Identify, China agronomy circular, 2007,23 (4): 265-269 " disclosed in mistake, the public can pass through Ornamental Plants of Beijing District
Research institute obtains.
Standard crop seed in following embodiment is that ' capital winter 18 ' seed, ' the capital winter 18 ' is in document " single good fortune for Semen Tritici aestivi
China, Tian Liping, Zhang Fengting, Pang Binshuan, high new sweetheart, Ren Liping, Hou Shumin, Zhao Changping, capital winter series state examines little
Wheat variety selection-breeding and breeding research, research of agricultural science, 2012,33 (2): 17-20 " mistake disclosed in, the public is permissible
Obtained by breeding service centre of Fangshan District of Beijing.
Embodiment 1, the method for Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis purification of seeds
Cleaning No. 1 seed material, the step cleaning method is as follows:
One, pneumatic jig choosing
1, the size of seed air-and-screen cleaner sieve is adjusted: the screen box of air-and-screen cleaner is provided with upper, middle and lower
Three layer screen sheet, the size of every layer of sieve: upper sieve is long hole sizer, sieve aperture width 4.0mm；Middle level sieve for round-hole mesh,
Diameter 3.2mm；Lower screen is long hole sizer, sieve aperture width 1.4mm.
2, seed is put into spout, adjust seed air-and-screen cleaner rate of feeding, screen box frequency of vibration: feeding is fast
Degree can flow out standard crop seed 2250g for per minute；Screen box frequency of vibration is 417 beats/min.Adjustment primary air separating duct,
The air quantity in rear air channel so that do not have seed in expansion chamber.
3, carry out 5 pneumatic jig choosings, and the cleanliness after the choosing of each pneumatic jig is added up.No. 1 seed material is through pneumatic jig
After choosing, cleanliness changes as shown in Fig. 1 and Biao 2.Result shows: the cleanliness of No. 1 seed material is after 3 pneumatic jig choosings
Reach preferable effect.
Two, gravity preparation
1, the seed after being selected by pneumatic jig uses gravity separator to clean.Adjust the parameter of gravity separator: Qi Zhonggong
Making table top vertical inclination angle and be adjusted to 1 °, work top cross dip can be carried out according to the difference of unit interval volume of production
Regulation, typically can be adjusted to 4 ° by work top cross dip at 3 °～4 ° in the present embodiment.
2, seed is put into spout, rate of feeding and table vibration frequency to require to adjust according to actual production
Joint, does not piles up on table top with seed material in watering and separation procedure, is uniformly distributed as standard.Adjust feeding speed respectively
Degree is the standard crop seed 91g that can flow out per minute, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 300 beats/min (processing 1)；
Adjusting rate of feeding is the standard crop seed 301g that can flow out per minute, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 375 beats/min
(processing 2)；Adjusting rate of feeding is the standard crop seed 301g that can flow out per minute, adjusts table vibration frequency and is
350 beats/min (processing 3).In watering and separation procedure regulate table top air quantity, make seed material at compass screen surface higher slice, by working
Table vibration is by clean seed and magazins' layout.
Result shows (as shown in table 1): No. 1 seed material is through different rate of feeding, varying mesa frequency of vibration
Gravity preparation, the seed filtered out all has reached country-level seed about germination percentage and the requirement of cleanliness.Preferably adjust and feed
Material speed is the standard crop seed 301g that can flow out per minute, and adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
3, after gravity preparation, heavier seed concentrates on the table top high-end (heavy material outlet) of triangle grder man's station,
The seed of counterweight material outlet carries out germination percentage and cleanliness measures.Result shows: from heavy material egress screening go out a string
Red percentage of seedgermination and cleanliness meet first order seed germination percentage, the requirement of cleanliness that GB/T18247.4-2000 specifies.
Lighter seed concentrates on the table top low side (light material outlet) of triangle grder man's station, from the kind of light material outlet
Son is abandoned using.Remaining seed, in the middle of the table top of triangle grder man's station (intermediate material outlet), belongs to weight and mixes
Close district (region that the most heavier seed and lighter seed mix) seed, need to again clean.
4, after cleaning No. 1 seed material according to the method for above-mentioned steps, germination percentage and cleanliness change such as table 2 and Fig. 1
Shown in.Result shows: after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the germination percentage of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed and cleanliness have all had relatively great Cheng
Degree improves, and has all reached country-level seed about germination percentage and the requirement of cleanliness.
Table 1, different rate of feeding, varying mesa frequency of vibration are to No. 1 seed sorting purpose influential effect
Note: in table, germination percentage and cleanliness refer both to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet
Germination percentage and the change of cleanliness after 2, No. 1 seed sorting purpose of table
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness refer both to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet；Gravity preparation step adjust rate of feeding be per minute can
To flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
Embodiment 2, different results place, different water content in harvest Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed clean effect
No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 seed materials are cleaned according to the method for cleaning in embodiment 1, different results ground
Point, different water content in harvest Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis purification of seeds after germination percentage and cleanliness change as shown in table 3.Result shows: no
After the same Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis purification of seeds gathering in the crops place, different water content in harvest, germination percentage and cleanliness are all greatly increased,
All reach country-level seed about germination percentage and the requirement of cleanliness.
The germination percentage of No. 2 seed materials, cleanliness change as shown in table 4 and Fig. 2；No. 3 seed material germination percentages, cleanliness
Change is as shown in table 5 and Fig. 3.Result shows: the cleanliness of No. 2 seed materials and No. 3 seed materials is all through 4 times
Preferable effect has been reached after pneumatic jig choosing.
Germination percentage and cleanliness change after table 3, the different seed sorting purpose gathering in the crops place, different water content in harvest
Note: clean rear germination percentage in table and cleanliness refers both to the index of correlation of seed of heavy material outlet；It is per minute permissible that gravity preparation step adjusts rate of feeding
Flowing out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
Germination percentage and the change of cleanliness after 4, No. 2 seed sorting purposes of table
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness refer both to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet；Gravity preparation step adjust rate of feeding be per minute can
To flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
Germination percentage and the change of cleanliness after 5, No. 3 seed sorting purposes of table
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness refer both to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet；Gravity preparation step adjust rate of feeding be per minute can
To flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
Embodiment 3, different year Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed clean effect
No. 4 seed materials are cleaned according to the method for cleaning in embodiment 1, germination percentage and cleanliness change such as table 6,
Shown in Fig. 4.Result shows: after the Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis purification of seeds of different year, germination percentage and cleanliness all have and carry largely
Height, has all reached country-level seed about germination percentage and the requirement of cleanliness；The cleanliness of No. 4 seed materials is through 3 times
Preferable effect has been reached after pneumatic jig choosing.
Germination percentage and the change of cleanliness after 6, No. 4 seed sorting purposes of table
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness refer both to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet；Gravity preparation step adjust rate of feeding be per minute can
To flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
Embodiment 4, the Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis purification of seeds effect of different cultivars
Fifth-seeded material is cleaned according to the method for cleaning in embodiment 1, germination percentage and cleanliness change such as table 7,
Shown in Fig. 5.Result shows: after the Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis purification of seeds of different cultivars, germination percentage and cleanliness all have and carry largely
Height, has all reached country-level seed about germination percentage and the requirement of cleanliness；The cleanliness of fifth-seeded material is through 4 times
Preferable effect has been reached after pneumatic jig choosing.
Germination percentage and the change of cleanliness after table 7, fifth-seeded sorting purpose
Note: in table, after gravity preparation, germination percentage and cleanliness refer both to the index of correlation of the seed of heavy material outlet；Gravity preparation step adjust rate of feeding be per minute can
To flow out standard crop seed 301g, adjusting table vibration frequency is 350 beats/min.
Claims (2)
1. Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed clean a method, including pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, specifically comprise the following steps that
(1) pneumatic jig choosing: the parameter of adjustment seed air-and-screen cleaner: sieve size, rate of feeding and screen box frequency of vibration, enters
Sector-style is screened；
(2) gravity preparation: adjust the parameter of seed gravity separator: end slope of table and cross dip, rate of feeding,
The frequency of vibration of work top, carries out gravity preparation；
(3) after pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed gone out from heavy material egress screening is directly applied；
The rate of feeding of described gravity preparation is per minute can to flow out standard crop seed 91～301g；Described gravity preparation work top
Frequency of vibration be 300 beats/min～375 beats/min；Described end slope of table is 1 °；Described work top laterally inclines
Angle is 3 °～4 °；
The sieve a size of upper sieve of described pneumatic jig choosing is long hole sizer, sieve aperture width 4.0mm；Middle level sieve is round-hole mesh, diameter
3.2mm；Lower screen is long hole sizer, sieve aperture width 1.4mm；
Described pneumatic jig selects the rate of feeding in step to be per minute can to flow out standard crop seed 2250g；
The frequency of vibration of described air-and-screen cleaner screen box is 417 beats/min；
The model of described air-and-screen cleaner is LA-LS；The model of described gravity separator is LAKTA；
The step of described pneumatic jig choosing repeats 3～5 times；
After pneumatic jig choosing and gravity preparation, the seed filtered out from middle material outlet need to be cleaned again；Go out from light material
The seed that mouth filters out is given up.
Method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the rate of feeding of described gravity preparation is per minute can to flow out
Standard crop seed 301g；The frequency of vibration of described gravity preparation work top is 350 beats/min.
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| JP2000157932A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-13 | Kinki:Kk | Vibrating and air sorting screen |
| JP2000202368A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-07-25 | Miike Tekkosho:Kk | Air-blow sorting apparatus |
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| CN2863276Y (en) * | 2005-11-29 | 2007-01-31 | 黄内友 | Seed classifier |
| CN103734877A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 江苏大学 | Milk thistle seed hulling and hull and kernel separating method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1094662A (en) * | 1993-04-24 | 1994-11-09 | 周和平 | Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device |
| CN2344101Y (en) * | 1998-11-12 | 1999-10-20 | 石河子市华农种子机械制造有限公司 | Compound seed sorter |
| JP2000157932A (en) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-06-13 | Kinki:Kk | Vibrating and air sorting screen |
| JP2000202368A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2000-07-25 | Miike Tekkosho:Kk | Air-blow sorting apparatus |
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