CN1094662A - Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device - Google Patents
Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1094662A CN1094662A CN 93110675 CN93110675A CN1094662A CN 1094662 A CN1094662 A CN 1094662A CN 93110675 CN93110675 CN 93110675 CN 93110675 A CN93110675 A CN 93110675A CN 1094662 A CN1094662 A CN 1094662A
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Abstract
Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk provided by the invention and device, be to utilize rice husk and the difference of grain aspect density, inertia, floating velocity, free flowability, graded properties, elasticity and self-flowing angle, adopt the mode of shunting, selection by winnowing, gravity flow classification and gravitational settling,, secondary settlement selected through three shuntings, one roughing, two～four times realized separating of rice husk and grain.Improve separative efficiency greatly, both can carry out malleation work, adapted to negative pressure work again; Both reduce the grain loss in the grain processing, and can save the energy again, had wide practical value.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device, belong to a kind of separation method and the equipment of cereal and similar material; Especially be applicable to that rice husk and grain in the cereal processing comprise whole grain paddy, rice and roughly crack rice, the separating of prematurity rice, paddy grade grain.
In the current cereal processing, rice husk is mainly produced by hulling machine.The hulling machine that the widely used combined rice polisher in present rural area is joined, owing to there is not special-purpose rice husk separator, ubiquity rice husk and is contained the many problems of grain.According to investigations, owing to every year is wasted paddy between 5040～8400 tons in this reason whole nation, a year economic loss reaches 30.2～5,040 ten thousand yuan.
For improving the separative efficiency of rice husk and grain, regain grain as much as possible, the inventor invented in 1991 " shunting multistage pneumatic separation formula rice husk rice grain and grain separator " (see Chinese patent: 91220977.1) use this patented technology, though obtained some effects, but still can not be satisfactory.Mainly be that this utility model patent is when arriving discharge, just to have realized the shunting of material and air, and must replenish external air and undertake selected task; In addition, this machine can only be worked under negative pressure state in utilization, but the rice husk of 2.5 ten thousand at present domestic combined rice polishers to carry the wind net all be malleation work, so can not be effectively and the supporting use of combined rice polisher; The more important thing is, the invention of former utility model only is that the difference of considering the density of utilizing convey materials, inertia, floating velocity is separated, do not consider the difference of separation of material, so can not make separating effect reach optimum state at aspects such as free flowability, graded properties, elasticity, self-flowing angle.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of can making in the cereal production, rice husk and grain reach the method and apparatus of optimal separation effect, wish to reach in this way the separation that equipment carries out, can be applicable to present various hulling machine, can not only adapt to malleation work, also negative pressure work can be adapted to, and energy consumption can also be saved.
The present invention is achieved through the following channels:
This preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk, its dominant ideas are to utilize rice husk and the difference of grain on characteristics such as density, inertia, floating velocity, free flowability, graded properties, elasticity and self-flowing angle, the mode that adopts shunting, selection by winnowing, gravity flow classification, gravitational settling to combine, by three shuntings, one roughing, two～four times selected, secondary settlement is realized separating of rice husk and grain.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
Main body is an arc rifle formula polyhedron, mainly roughly selects Selected Room, storing pipe etc. by inlet tube (2), divided flow settling and forms.Its main feature is: divided flow settling is roughly selected left, center, right three parts that are divided into mutual perforation in the Selected Room; Left part is shunting zone (12), the middle part from down be followed successively by selected district (50), roughly select district (28), decanting zone (30), right part be from being followed successively by air channel (33), selected district (39), decanting zone (37) down, exporting (40).Roughly select the Selected Room bottom by three mouths in left, center, right in divided flow settling.Left side mouth communicates with inlet tube (2), and when malleation of the present invention was worked, middle mouthful communicated with storing pipe (53); When negative pressure of the present invention work, only need middle mouthful with storing pipe (53) between add a Selected Room, between right mouth and storing pipe (46), add a Selected Room and get final product.So just formed one and had that three shuntings, secondary settlement, one roughing, two～four times are selected, the main body of secondary memory function.
Roughly selecting in above-mentioned divided flow settling has four axles in the Selected Room, four air doors, three tetrahedrons, segment, heptahedron, pentahedron, a cover louvered board, two guide plates.With divided flow settling roughly select that Selected Room is separated into left part shunting zone (12), selected district, middle part (50), roughly selects district (28), decanting zone (30), the air channel (33) of right part, selected district (39), decanting zone (37).Its concrete segregation method is: axle (10,15,19) is built up in apart from shell left side wallboard (18) equidistant (on about 100～140mm) the same vertical line.Axle (10) is 150～200mm with flange (5) vertical interval, and axle (10,15) spacing is 200～250mm, and axle (15,19) spacing is 250～300mm.Wheelbase shell left side wallboard (18) is 500～550mm, is 250～320mm apart from cornice sheathing (36).
Air door (11,16,20,22) is installed in respectively on four axles, all can by with the same handle of operating grip (56), with the same location-plate chute of handle location-plate (57) in rotate arbitrarily, the location, to reach the purpose of each air channel air quantity of control.
Tetrahedron (13) lower left corner is near axle (10), and the right side overlaps with the extended surface on the left side that selected district (50) export down, and the folder district of the following inclined bottom plate (8) of lower inclined plane and casing constitutes air channel (9).
Tetrahedron (17) lower left corner is near axle (15), and the upper left corner is 60～80mm apart from left wallboard (18), and the ramp of lower inclined plane and tetrahedron (13) constitutes air channel (14).
Segment (25) lower right corner is near axle (23), the upper right corner is 25～40mm apart from the boundary line of shell left side wallboard (18) and outer casing upper cover plate (36), the ramp of lower plane and air door (22), tetrahedron (17), the folder district of right tilted surface constitute air channel (21), and the arcwall face of arcwall face and shell left side wallboard (18) constitutes air channel (24).
The Lower Half of tetrahedron (13) left side and shell left side wallboard (18) constitutes main air duct (7).Its lower inlet communicates with inlet tube (2), and upper outlet communicates with air channel (24); Main air duct (7) constitutes shunting zone (12) with air channel (9,14,21,24), and right outlet communicates with air channel (9,14,21) respectively.
Tetrahedron (13) right side and attached thereon two left tilted surfaces that drop down plate, tetrahedron (34) for a short time, the left tilted surface of the bottom of heptahedron (32) constitutes selected district (50) with selected tower (49).Its left import communicates with air channel (9), and right outlet communicates with air channel (31), and upper inlet communicates with roughly selecting district (28), communicates with storing pipe (53) when following outlet malleation is worked, and communicates with Selected Room during negative pressure work.
Air door (22), louvered board (27), roughing board (29), be close on heptahedron (31) left tilted surface, with horizontal plane angle be 50～65 °.
The right side of louvered board (27) is near the top of roughing board (29), and the left side is near the fan handle portion of segment (25).Roughly select district (28) and upward communicate with decanting zone (30), communicate with selected district (50) down, a left side communicates with air channel (14), (21).
The ramp of segment (25), louvered board (27) are gone up the plane and are constituted decanting zone (30) with the left side of upper cover plate (36), and its left import communicates with air channel (24), and the right side exports and communicates with decanting zone (37), following outlet with roughly select district (28) and communicate.
The bottom of tetrahedron (34) is near following flat underside (43), and the lower left corner is 30～40mm apart from the left side, selected district, and ramp right-hand member and guide plate (35) left end smoothly coincide, and the folder district, middle part of the following portion of ramp and heptahedron (31) constitutes ventilating duct (33).
The right-hand member of pentahedron (41) is near right wallboard (42), and the lower plane of last plane and outlet (40) smoothly coincide.
The boundary line that the last end distance pentahedron (41) of guide plate (38) is gone up plane and left tilted surface is 30～40mm, and following end distance heptahedron (31) right side is 20～30mm.
The left tilted surface of pentahedron (41), the following right part with heptahedron bottom (32) of guide plate (38) constitutes selected district (39), its upper outlet communicates with decanting zone (37) and outlet (40), and following outlet communicates with storing pipe (46) when malleation is worked; Communicate with Selected Room (59) during negative pressure work, left import communicates with air channel (33).
The vertical range of dropping down the plate drift angle on the lower left corner of heptahedron (31) and selected district (50) for a short time is O, and horizontal range is 20～35mm; Left tilted surface and horizontal plane angle are 50～65 °.The top right-hand part with outer casing upper cover plate (36) of the upper right quarter of heptahedron (31), guide plate (38) constitutes decanting zone (37), its left import communicates with decanting zone (30), right outlet communicates with outlet (40), and following outlet communicates with selected district (39).
The preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and the device that provide according to above scheme, its advantage is: not only well (rice husk after the separation contains full grain grain and is not more than 10/100 kilograms separating property, be better than 30/100 kilograms of ministry standard greatly, and can from rice husk, isolate the inferior grain more than 90%) have a good economic benefit; And wide adaptability, both can be used for malleation wind condition of work, also be adapted to the negative pressure wind condition of work.Its deuterzooid machine is simple in structure, not only low cost of manufacture, and adjusting, installation, operation and maintenance are all very convenient.The 3rd, save the energy, apparatus of the present invention pressure loss less than 200 Pascals (less than 20Kg/m
2), during malleation work, need not mend wind; During negative pressure work, mend air quantity less than 300m
3/ h, the existing separation equipment of total energy consumption reduces more than 50%.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the left view of Fig. 1;
Accompanying drawing 3 is rice husk separator of the present invention (negative pressure work an is used) structural representation;
Accompanying drawing 4 is the left view of Fig. 1.
Further describe the present invention below in conjunction with its operation principle.
Each component names is as follows among the figure: import (1), inlet tube (2), flange (5), (44), front and back wallboard (6), main air duct (7), following inclined bottom plate (8), air channel (9,14,21,24,33), axle (10,15,19,23), air door (11,16,20,22,64), shunting zone (12), tetrahedron (13,17,34), left side wallboard (18), segment (25), suspension ring (26), louvered board (27), roughly select district (28), roughing board (29), decanting zone (30,37), heptahedron (31), heptahedron bottom (32), guide plate (35,38), cornice sheathing (36), selected district (39,50), outlet (40), pentahedron (41), right wallboard (42), following flat underside (43), observe door (45,54,55,61), storing pipe (46,53), ram (47,51), pressure door (48,52,66,67), selected tower (49), operating grip (56), handle location-plate (57), Selected Room (58,59,60), collector plate (62), damper regulator (63), air inlet (65).
The course of work is: when material (rice husk, staple food grain, inferior grain) with certain speed with air stream when import (1) enters inlet tube (2), material pours main air duct (7) along the right wall (3) of inlet tube (2), enters shunting zone (12).At this moment, because inertia own, material is along main air duct (7) toward upper punch, the top arc along shell left side wallboard (18) enters No. 4 air channels (24) again, enters decanting zone (30) sedimentation again.The air that enters main air duct (7) is shunted at shunting zone (12).About 15% flows into air channel (9), enters selected district (50) again; About 70% flows into air channel (14), enters and roughly selects (28); About 10% flows into air channel (21), enters and roughly selects district (28); About 5% flows into air channel (24), enters decanting zone (30) again.
The air capacity that enters each air channel can be regulated by each air door.
Enter the material of decanting zone (30), because the wind speed of the incorgruous and decanting zone (30) of wallboard (18) top, shell left side arc reduces suddenly, wherein about 95% staple food grain that density, inertia, floating velocity are big and inferior grain are being carried 10% rice husk secretly and are being settled down to louvered board (27), pass louvered board (27) then and enter and roughly select district (28); Under the air-flow effect of brushing of roughly selecting the past upper punch in district (28), wherein about 90% the rice husk that density, inertia, floating velocity are little is being carried about 5% staple food grain and inferior grain secretly and is being entered decanting zone (37), rapidly diffusion is discharged from outlet (40) after unloading the most of staple food grain carried secretly wherein and time grain.Staple food grain that (37) are unloaded from the decanting zone and time grain are being carried the folder district that few rice husk drops to heptahedron (31) upper right quarter and guide plate (38) secretly, fall into selected district (39) again.
Enter the material of roughly selecting district (28), a part is down dropped down along air door (22).Under the brushing of the air-flow of air channel (14) and air channel (21), rice husk wherein is because density, the little louvered board (27) of up being blown over of floating velocity enter decanting zone (30); Staple food grain wherein and time grain are owing to density, floating velocity are fallen into selected district (50) greatly, and a part is down dropped down along roughing board (29).Because rice husk and staple food grain, inferior grain have than big difference on density, self-flowing angle, free flowability, elasticity, automatically classification easily, it is big that the rice husk that density is little, self-flowing angle is big, free flowability is poor, elasticity is little floats over density, and self-flowing angle is little, the staple food grain that free flowability is good, elasticity is big and above the inferior grain.The air-flow of (14) and air channel (21) brushes down in the air channel, and rice husk is being blown through the last small stair of slightly crossing roughing board (29), passing louvered board (27), enters decanting zone (37); Staple food grain and time grain are then being carried few rice husk secretly and are being flowed downstream into selected district (50) along roughing board (29).
Enter the material of selected district (50), under the air-flow effect of air channel (9), wherein most rice husks are carrying few staple food grain secretly and time grain enters air channel (33) along tetrahedral left tilted surface, enter selected district (39) along guide plate (35) again; Wherein most staple food grains and time grain are being carried few rice husk secretly and are being passed selected district (50) and enter storing pipe (5), discharge from pressure door (52) after being stored into some.
Enter the material in selected district, under the air-flow effect of air channel (33), wherein most rice husks are up crossed the small stair on the left tilted surface top of pentahedron (41), discharge from outlet (40); Wherein staple food grain and time grain are being carried few rice husk secretly and are being fallen into storing pipe (46), be stored into some after, discharge from pressure door (40).
So far, finish whole technical process, reached final purpose of the present invention.
The operator can observe the internal work situation through the various observations doors that transparent material is made during use, can regulate the internal work situations by various air doors, can open cleaning door at any time and remove rectangular tamper.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device is characterized in that:
A, this method for separating grains from rice husk are to utilize rice husk and the difference of grain aspect density, inertia, floating velocity, free flowability, graded properties, elasticity and self-flowing angle, the mode that adopts shunting, selection by winnowing, gravity flow classification and gravitational settling to combine, by three shuntings, one roughing, two～four times selected, secondary settlement is realized separating of rice husk and grain;
B, described shunting self-selecting type rice husk separator are roughly selected Selected Room, storing pipe (46,53) and Selected Room (58,59) by housing, divided flow settling and are formed, its body junction structure is located in the rifle shape housing, divided flow settling is roughly selected four axles (10,15,19,23) in the Selected Room, four air doors (11,16,20,22), 3 tetrahedrons (13,17,34), a segment (25), a heptahedron (31), a pentahedron (41), a cover louvered board (27), two guide plates (35,38); And by these members with divided flow settling roughly select that Selected Room is separated into left part shunting zone (12), the selected district, middle part (50) of interpenetrating, roughly selects district (28), decanting zone (30), the air channel (33) of right part, selected district (39), decanting zone (37) are being provided with two storing pipes (46,53) in lower part of frame.
2, preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk according to claim 1 and device is characterized in that described: axle (10,15,19) is built up in apart from shell left side wallboard (18) equidistant (on about 100～140mm) the same vertical line; Axle (10) is 150～200mm with flange (5) vertical interval, and axle (10,15) spacing is 200～250mm, and axle (15,19) spacing is 250～300mm, and wheelbase housing left side wallboard (18) is 500～550mm, is 250～320mm apart from cornice sheathing (36); Air door (11,16,20,22) is installed in respectively on (10,15,19,23) axle, all can by with the same handle of operating grip (56), with the same location-plate chute of handle location-plate (57) in rotate arbitrarily, the location;
Described tetrahedron (13) lower left corner is near axle (10), and the right side overlaps with the extended surface on the left side that selected district, middle part (50) exports down, and the folder district of the following inclined bottom plate (8) of lower inclined plane and casing constitutes air channel (9); Described tetrahedron (17) lower left corner is near axle (15), and the upper left corner is 60～80mm apart from left wallboard (18) spacing, and the ramp of lower inclined plane and tetrahedron (13) constitutes air channel (14); Segment (25) lower right corner is near axle (23), the upper right corner apart is 25～40mm apart from the boundary line of housing left side wallboard (18) and case top lid plate (36), the ramp of lower plane and air door (22), tetrahedron (17), the folder district of right tilted surface constitute air channel (21), and the arcwall face of its arcwall face and housing left side wallboard (18) constitutes air channel (24);
The Lower Half of the left side of described tetrahedron (13) left side, tetrahedron (17) and housing left side wallboard (18) constitutes main air duct (7), and its lower inlet communicates with inlet tube (2), and upper outlet communicates with air channel (24); Main air duct (7) constitutes shunting zone (12) with air channel (9,14,21,24), and the right side then communicates with air channel (9,14,21) respectively;
Described tetrahedron (13) right side and attached thereon two are dropped down plate for a short time, and the left tilted surface of tetrahedron (34), the left tilted surface of the bottom of heptahedron (32) constitutes selected district (50) with selected tower (49), connect on it and roughly select district (28), under connect the storing autumn (53), the left side communicates with air channel (9), the right then communicates with air channel (33); Described air door (22), louvered board (27), roughing board (29), the right are close on heptahedron (31) left tilted surface, with horizontal plane angle be 50～65 °; The left side constitutes and roughly selects district (28) near the fan handle portion of segment (25); Roughly select district (28) and upward communicate with decanting zone (30), communicate with selected district (50) down, a left side communicates with air channel (14), (21);
The ramp of described segment (25), the last plane of louvered board (27) constitute decanting zone (30) with the left side of upper cover plate (36), its left import communicates with air channel (24), right outlet communicates with decanting zone (37), and following outlet is passed louvered board (27) and roughly selected district (28) and communicate;
The bottom of described tetrahedron (34) is near flat underside under the housing (43), the lower left corner is 30～40mm apart from the left side, selected district (50), ramp right-hand member and guide plate (35) left end smoothly coincide, and the folder district, middle part of the following portion of ramp and heptahedron (31) constitutes ventilating duct (33); The right-hand member of described pentahedron (41) is near right wallboard (42), and the lower plane of last plane and outlet (40) smoothly coincide; The meld line that the last end distance pentahedron (41) of described guide plate (38) is gone up plane and left tilted surface is 30～40mm, and following end distance heptahedron (31) right side is 20～30mm;
The left tilted surface of described pentahedron (41), the following right part with heptahedron lower edge (32) of guide plate (38) constitutes selected district (39), its upper outlet communicates with decanting zone (37) and outlet (40), and following outlet can communicate with the storing pipe (46) when malleation is worked; Selected Room (59) in the time of also working with negative pressure communicates, and left import communicates with air channel (33);
The vertical range of dropping down the plate drift angle on the lower left corner of described heptahedron (31) and selected district (50) for a short time is O, and horizontal range is 20～35mm; Left tilted surface and horizontal plane angle are 50～65 °.The top right-hand part with case top lid plate (36) of the upper right quarter of heptahedron (31), guide plate (38) constitutes decanting zone (37), its left import communicates with decanting zone (30), right outlet communicates with outlet (40), and following outlet communicates with selected district (39).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93110675 CN1094662A (en) | 1993-04-24 | 1993-04-24 | Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 93110675 CN1094662A (en) | 1993-04-24 | 1993-04-24 | Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1094662A true CN1094662A (en) | 1994-11-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 93110675 Pending CN1094662A (en) | 1993-04-24 | 1993-04-24 | Preshunting self-selecting rice husk method for separating grains from rice husk and device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104190623A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | Sorting method of red sage seeds |
-
1993
- 1993-04-24 CN CN 93110675 patent/CN1094662A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104190623A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | Sorting method of red sage seeds |
| CN104190623B (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2016-08-24 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | A kind of Herba Antenoronis Neofiliformis seed clean method |
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| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |