CN109457488A - 一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法 - Google Patents

一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法 Download PDF

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CN109457488A
CN109457488A CN201811383613.2A CN201811383613A CN109457488A CN 109457488 A CN109457488 A CN 109457488A CN 201811383613 A CN201811383613 A CN 201811383613A CN 109457488 A CN109457488 A CN 109457488A
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张海涛
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,将钛酸酯偶联剂喷雾到导电炭黑上,将苯酚和四氯乙烷充分搅拌,加入聚酯树脂溶解,加入喷雾处理的导电炭黑搅拌分散,制成涂覆液,将其均匀的涂覆在表面改性处理涤纶布上,烘干得到导电涤纶布;向所得抗菌微胶囊中加入分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠、水性聚氨酯,在水浴中磁力搅拌分散,加入渗透剂,将所得导电涤纶布浸渍其中,采用二浸二轧,先低温预烘再高温焙烘,皂洗、水洗、干燥得所述涤纶布。

Description

一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法
技术领域
本发明属于服装纤维领域,具体涉及一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法。
背景技术
普通涤纶纤维在干燥环境下很容易产生静电,静电放电不仅对人体有害,且可能在一些特定的场合会引起火灾或者爆炸,从而产生巨大危害,因此不管是在生活中还是在工业中如何赋予普通纤维一定的导电能力,就显得尤为重要;且近年来随着科技的发展,导电纤维在抗静电以外其它方面的应用也越来越广泛,如电磁屏蔽材料、发热制品、传感器制品和功能材料等方面。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,依照该方法制作的涤纶布具有优异的抗菌性能和导电性能。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊的制备:
将4-6份明胶和4-6份阿拉伯胶加入400-500份蒸馏水中,加入芯材,在40-45℃下搅拌溶解,滴加壳聚糖溶液,先恒温水浴磁力搅拌10-15min,再恒温高速剪切分散乳化反应10-15min,调节pH为3-4复凝聚30-40min,取出降温至0-5℃,在pH为9条件下碱化处理20-30min,固化处理,静置过滤,真空冷冻干燥得艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊;
(2)溶解涂覆法制备导电涤纶布:
将钛酸酯偶联剂喷雾到导电炭黑上,将苯酚和四氯乙烷按质量比1:1充分搅拌,加入聚酯树脂溶解,加入喷雾处理的导电炭黑搅拌分散,制成涂覆液,将其均匀的涂覆在表面改性处理涤纶布上,涂覆时间为40-50s,烘干得到导电涤纶布;
(3)抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布:
向(1)中所得抗菌微胶囊中加入分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠、水性聚氨酯,在40-45℃水浴中磁力搅拌分散15-20min,加入渗透剂,按浴比1:30将(2)中所得导电涤纶布浸渍其中30-40min,采用二浸二轧,轧余率为90-100%,在70-80℃下预烘2-4min后、在120-130℃下焙烘2-3min,皂洗、水洗、干燥得所述涤纶布。
进一步的,步骤(1)中芯材由4-5份艾草精油、4-5份芦荟苷、4-5份柠檬精油组成;壳聚糖溶液质量浓度为10-20g/L;固化处理是指先添加10mL/L的25%的戊二醛固化2-3h、再加入10g/L的单宁酸固化4-5h。
进一步的,步骤(2)中涤纶布碱处理:将质量浓度为20-30g/L的氢氧化钠溶液水浴加热至70-80℃,按浴比1:40将涤纶布浸入其中碱处理1-2h,取出洗涤至中性,在35-45℃烘箱中烘1-2h,得碱处理涤纶布;
等离子体表面处理:将碱处理涤纶布放入等离子体处理腔室中,抽真空后通入氧气与氩气2:8混合的气体,在压强为30Pa、放电功率为120W条件下处理10-15min,得到等离子体表面处理涤纶布;
硅烷偶联剂处理:将硅烷偶联剂KH550 1:30-35加入质量分数为70-75%的乙醇水溶液中,磁力搅拌充分水解,将等离子体表面处理涤纶布浸入其中处理1-2h后,取出,用乙醇溶液洗涤,放入120-125℃干燥箱中反应1-2h后,在70-80℃下烘干8-10h,得表面改性处理涤纶布。
进一步的,步骤(2)中涂覆液中聚酯纤维含量为3-5%、导电碳黑含量为4-6%。
进一步的,步骤(3)中抗菌微胶囊浓度为10-50g/L、十二烷基苯磺酸钠浓度为1-2g/L、水性聚氨酯浓度为90-100g/L。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:
(1)以艾草精油、芦荟苷、柠檬精油作为微胶囊抗菌芯材,以明胶、阿拉伯胶、水溶性壳聚糖为壁材,制备艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊;抗菌微胶囊对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、红色毛癣菌均有较显著的抑制作用,水溶性壳聚糖对芦荟苷的抑菌效果有促进作用;通过微胶囊技术制备能够满足复杂环境抗菌需求的抗菌微胶囊,然后以其整理涤纶布,实现安全高效抗菌,经微胶囊整理后的织物均具有良好的抗菌耐久性能。
(2)采用碱处理、等离子体处理和硅烷偶联剂处理依次对涤纶布进行表面改性处理,碱处理不会改变涤纶纤维表面的官能团,等离子处理会使纤维表面活性基团增多,亲水性增强;等离子处理后,纤维可以与硅烷偶联剂更好地接枝聚合;维经碱处理后,表面由于水解作用会出现不同程度、随机分布的凹坑、沟槽;经等离子体处理后,纤维表面出现凸状沉积物和刻蚀产生的沟槽;经硅烷偶联剂处理后,纤维表面包覆一层具有一定厚度、凹凸不平的硅烷偶联剂;表面改性处理涤纶布的接触角降低,亲水性、浸润性得到了显著改善;更有利于溶解涂覆法制备导电涤纶布和抗菌微胶囊整理。
(3)采用溶解涂覆法制备涤纶导电纤维,炭黑在涤纶纤维表面形成导电网络,导电纤维的体积比电阻相对较低,且纤维导电耐久性和热稳定性能良好,导电纤维在拉伸应变达到0.08前,其电阻总体变化不大。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊的制备:
将4份明胶和4份阿拉伯胶加入400份蒸馏水中,加入芯材,在40-45℃下搅拌溶解,滴加壳聚糖溶液,先恒温水浴磁力搅拌10min,再恒温高速剪切分散乳化反应10min,调节pH为3复凝聚30min,取出降温至0-5℃,在pH为9条件下碱化处理20min,固化处理,静置过滤,真空冷冻干燥得艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊;
(2)溶解涂覆法制备导电涤纶布:
将钛酸酯偶联剂喷雾到导电炭黑上,将苯酚和四氯乙烷按质量比1:1充分搅拌,加入聚酯树脂溶解,加入喷雾处理的导电炭黑搅拌分散,制成涂覆液,将其均匀的涂覆在表面改性处理涤纶布上,涂覆时间为40s,烘干得到导电涤纶布;
(3)抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布:
向(1)中所得抗菌微胶囊中加入分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠、水性聚氨酯,在40-45℃水浴中磁力搅拌分散15min,加入渗透剂,按浴比1:30将(2)中所得导电涤纶布浸渍其中30min,采用二浸二轧,轧余率为90%,在70-80℃下预烘2min后、在120-130℃下焙烘2min,皂洗、水洗、干燥得所述涤纶布。
进一步的,步骤(1)中芯材由4份艾草精油、4份芦荟苷、4份柠檬精油组成;壳聚糖溶液质量浓度为10g/L;固化处理是指先添加10mL/L的25%的戊二醛固化2h、再加入10g/L的单宁酸固化4h。
进一步的,步骤(2)中涤纶布碱处理:将质量浓度为20g/L的氢氧化钠溶液水浴加热至70-80℃,按浴比1:40将涤纶布浸入其中碱处理1h,取出洗涤至中性,在35-45℃烘箱中烘1h,得碱处理涤纶布;
等离子体表面处理:将碱处理涤纶布放入等离子体处理腔室中,抽真空后通入氧气与氩气2:8混合的气体,在压强为30Pa、放电功率为120W条件下处理10min,得到等离子体表面处理涤纶布;
硅烷偶联剂处理:将硅烷偶联剂KH550 1:30加入质量分数为70%的乙醇水溶液中,磁力搅拌充分水解,将等离子体表面处理涤纶布浸入其中处理1h后,取出,用乙醇溶液洗涤,放入120-125℃干燥箱中反应1h后,在70-80℃下烘干8h,得表面改性处理涤纶布。
进一步的,步骤(2)中涂覆液中聚酯纤维含量为3%、导电碳黑含量为4%。
进一步的,步骤(3)中抗菌微胶囊浓度为10g/L、十二烷基苯磺酸钠浓度为1g/L、水性聚氨酯浓度为90g/L。
实施例2
一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊的制备:
将6份明胶和6份阿拉伯胶加入500份蒸馏水中,加入芯材,在40-45℃下搅拌溶解,滴加壳聚糖溶液,先恒温水浴磁力搅拌15min,再恒温高速剪切分散乳化反应15min,调节pH为4复凝聚40min,取出降温至0-5℃,在pH为9条件下碱化处理30min,固化处理,静置过滤,真空冷冻干燥得艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊;
(2)溶解涂覆法制备导电涤纶布:
将钛酸酯偶联剂喷雾到导电炭黑上,将苯酚和四氯乙烷按质量比1:1充分搅拌,加入聚酯树脂溶解,加入喷雾处理的导电炭黑搅拌分散,制成涂覆液,将其均匀的涂覆在表面改性处理涤纶布上,涂覆时间为50s,烘干得到导电涤纶布;
(3)抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布:
向(1)中所得抗菌微胶囊中加入分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠、水性聚氨酯,在40-45℃水浴中磁力搅拌分散20min,加入渗透剂,按浴比1:30将(2)中所得导电涤纶布浸渍其中40min,采用二浸二轧,轧余率为100%,在70-80℃下预烘4min后、在120-130℃下焙烘3min,皂洗、水洗、干燥得所述涤纶布。
进一步的,步骤(1)中芯材由5份艾草精油、5份芦荟苷、5份柠檬精油组成;壳聚糖溶液质量浓度为20g/L;固化处理是指先添加10mL/L的25%的戊二醛固化3h、再加入10g/L的单宁酸固化5h。
进一步的,步骤(2)中涤纶布碱处理:将质量浓度为30g/L的氢氧化钠溶液水浴加热至70-80℃,按浴比1:40将涤纶布浸入其中碱处理2h,取出洗涤至中性,在35-45℃烘箱中烘2h,得碱处理涤纶布;
等离子体表面处理:将碱处理涤纶布放入等离子体处理腔室中,抽真空后通入氧气与氩气2:8混合的气体,在压强为30Pa、放电功率为120W条件下处理15min,得到等离子体表面处理涤纶布;
硅烷偶联剂处理:将硅烷偶联剂KH550 1:35加入质量分数为75%的乙醇水溶液中,磁力搅拌充分水解,将等离子体表面处理涤纶布浸入其中处理2h后,取出,用乙醇溶液洗涤,放入120-125℃干燥箱中反应2h后,在70-80℃下烘干10h,得表面改性处理涤纶布。
进一步的,步骤(2)中涂覆液中聚酯纤维含量为5%、导电碳黑含量为6%。
进一步的,步骤(3)中抗菌微胶囊浓度为50g/L、十二烷基苯磺酸钠浓度为2g/L、水性聚氨酯浓度为100g/L。
对比实施例1
本对比实施例1与实施例1相比,在步骤(1)中未使用明胶、阿拉伯胶和壳聚糖对艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油进行微胶囊包覆处理,除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比实施例2
本对比实施例2与实施例2相比,在步骤(2)中未将钛酸酯偶联剂喷雾到导电炭黑上,除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对照组 空白涤纶布
为了对比本发明制得的涤纶布的性能,对上述实施例1、实施例2、对比实施例1、对比实施例2方法对应制得的涤纶布,以及对照组对应的涤纶布按照行业标准进行性能检测,具体对比数据如下表1所示:
表1
按照本发明方法制作的涤纶布具有优异的抗菌性能和导电性能;抗菌微胶囊对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、白色念珠菌、红色毛癣菌均有较显著的抑制作用,涤纶布经50次水洗后均达到抗菌要求;透气性为13846ml/(cm2·h);透水汽性为616g/(m2·day);在对比实施例1中未使用明胶、阿拉伯胶和壳聚糖对艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油进行微胶囊包覆处理,导致涤纶布的抑菌率降低,但和空白涤纶布相比任然具有优异的抑菌性能;在对比实施例2中未将钛酸酯偶联剂喷雾到导电炭黑上,导致涤纶布的体积比电阻增大,导电性减小,但和空白涤纶布相比任然具有较好的导电性。

Claims (5)

1.一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊的制备:
将4-6份明胶和4-6份阿拉伯胶加入400-500份蒸馏水中,加入芯材,在40-45℃下搅拌溶解,滴加壳聚糖溶液,先恒温水浴磁力搅拌10-15min,再恒温高速剪切分散乳化反应10-15min,调节pH为3-4复凝聚30-40min,取出降温至0-5℃,在pH为9条件下碱化处理20-30min,固化处理,静置过滤,真空冷冻干燥得艾草精油-芦荟苷-柠檬精油抗菌微胶囊;
(2)溶解涂覆法制备导电涤纶布:
将钛酸酯偶联剂喷雾到导电炭黑上,将苯酚和四氯乙烷按质量比1:1充分搅拌,加入聚酯树脂溶解,加入喷雾处理的导电炭黑搅拌分散,制成涂覆液,将其均匀的涂覆在表面改性处理涤纶布上,涂覆时间为40-50s,烘干得到导电涤纶布;
(3)抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布:
向(1)中所得抗菌微胶囊中加入分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠、水性聚氨酯,在40-45℃水浴中磁力搅拌分散15-20min,加入渗透剂,按浴比1:30将(2)中所得导电涤纶布浸渍其中30-40min,采用二浸二轧,轧余率为90-100%,在70-80℃下预烘2-4min后、在120-130℃下焙烘2-3min,皂洗、水洗、干燥得所述涤纶布。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中芯材由4-5份艾草精油、4-5份芦荟苷、4-5份柠檬精油组成;壳聚糖溶液质量浓度为10-20g/L;固化处理是指先添加10mL/L的25%的戊二醛固化2-3h、再加入10g/L的单宁酸固化4-5h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中涤纶布碱处理:将质量浓度为20-30g/L的氢氧化钠溶液水浴加热至70-80℃,按浴比1:40将涤纶布浸入其中碱处理1-2h,取出洗涤至中性,在35-45℃烘箱中烘1-2h,得碱处理涤纶布;
等离子体表面处理:将碱处理涤纶布放入等离子体处理腔室中,抽真空后通入氧气与氩气2:8混合的气体,在压强为30Pa、放电功率为120W条件下处理10-15min,得到等离子体表面处理涤纶布;
硅烷偶联剂处理:将硅烷偶联剂KH550 1:30-35加入质量分数为70-75%的乙醇水溶液中,磁力搅拌充分水解,将等离子体表面处理涤纶布浸入其中处理1-2h后,取出,用乙醇溶液洗涤,放入120-125℃干燥箱中反应1-2h后,在70-80℃下烘干8-10h,得表面改性处理涤纶布。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中涂覆液中聚酯纤维含量为3-5%、导电碳黑含量为4-6%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种用抗菌微胶囊整理导电涤纶布的方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中抗菌微胶囊浓度为10-50g/L、十二烷基苯磺酸钠浓度为1-2g/L、水性聚氨酯浓度为90-100g/L。
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