CN109275536A - One cultural method for cultivating peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle - Google Patents

One cultural method for cultivating peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109275536A
CN109275536A CN201811151654.9A CN201811151654A CN109275536A CN 109275536 A CN109275536 A CN 109275536A CN 201811151654 A CN201811151654 A CN 201811151654A CN 109275536 A CN109275536 A CN 109275536A
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China
Prior art keywords
peanut
overlay film
drizzle
wind erosion
erosion prevention
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CN201811151654.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈小姝
高华援
刘海龙
孙晓苹
吕永超
王绍伦
李春雨
宁洽
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Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201811151654.9A priority Critical patent/CN109275536A/en
Publication of CN109275536A publication Critical patent/CN109275536A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/40Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the cultural methods that one cultivates peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle, belong to technical field of peanut cultivation, efficiently solve the problems, such as sowing time soil drought.The cultural method of the full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of peanut, including (1) site preparation, (2) variety selection and seed treatment, (3) overlay film and proper seeding.The present invention prevents wind erosion by the cultural method covered to full furrow mulching film; effective protection soil fertility; from strong wind deflation; effectively utilize rainfall; allow to drop to the runoff that micro rainwater on mulch is formed to flow at seedling band to being lowered into rhizosphere soil; achieve the purpose that collect drizzle, be fully utilized using the rainwater resource of limit, is realized from passive drought resisting to the transformation of active drought resisting.

Description

One cultural method for cultivating peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle
Technical field
It cultivates peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle the present invention relates to technical field of peanut cultivation more particularly to one Cultural method.
Background technique
Three Eastern Provinces peanut cultivation area moves northward developing direction in fast development, coming years whole nation peanut cultivation area Obviously.Northeast precocity peanut producing region main producing region is concentrated mainly on the northwestward in Liaoning Province, Jilin Province, is in China's ecology fragility Dust storm semiarid zone, peanut cultivation is faced with the harm of wind erosion.
It is northern China drought-hit area distinct issues the most in the latest 20 years that wind erosion, which is desertified, due to excess reclamation, overgrazed And unsuitable tillage method, vegetation is destroyed, causes soil severe drought and gradually expands with ccd area, soil Earth, which is eroded, is not only the important component of desertification of land, and is primary environment problem.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in view of the above technical problems, provides a cultural method for cultivating peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle, Prevent the wind erosion phenomenon on peanut ground, while utilizing effective rainfall during fertility, efficiently solves sowing time soil drought and ask Topic.
To achieve the goals above, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
One cultural method for cultivating peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle, comprising the following steps:
(1) site preparation
Deep plough 20~30cm, ground it is whole it is good after, broadcast preceding ridging, ridge is to perpendicular to wind direction, by ridge bottom width 85~90cm ridging, A height of 10~the 12cm in ridge, ridge face width are 50~55cm, broadcast 2 rows;
(2) variety selection and seed treatment
Selection high yield, stable yields, commodity are good by authorization, the kind assert or put on record, bask seeds 1~2 day, broadcast before peeling off Kind is peeled off for first 7~10 days, and worm, bud, decayed fruit are rejected when peeling off;1,2 grade of seed sowing separately sowing is selected after peeling off, it is special with peanut It is sowed after being coated with seed coat agent;
(3) overlay film and proper seeding
It selects black mulch film to be overlying on ridge, when local temperature reaches 12 DEG C~15 DEG C, can sow.
Further, the depth of planting of step (3) is 3~4cm, and duplicate rows is planted on ridge, and small line-spacing is 27~33cm, greatly Line-spacing is 50cm, and hill spacing is 9cm~11cm, every cave simple grain, theoretical 250000 plants/hm of planting density2
Further, step (3) black mulch film with a thickness of 0.08mm~0.1mm.
Further, the seeding method of step (3) is using on fertilising, herbicide spraying, drip irrigation zone under plastic film mulch, overlay film, film The planting with sowing machine that seedling is continuously finished with suppression of soil operation in dazzling sowing, film.
Further, step (3) after planting 30000~45000kg/hm of per hectare organic fertilizer2Or ternary compound fertilizer 750kg/hm2
Further, further comprising the steps of after step (3):
(4) field management
According to meeting the dosage of pesticide, the medication that prevent and treat pest and disease damage as defined in GB/T 4285 and GB/T 8321.1-9 Number, administrated method application.
Further, further comprising the steps of after step (4):
(5) harvest is protected in harvest sunning
When 65% or more pod shell hardens, reticulate pattern is clear, when shell inner wall is in green brown plaque, is harvested;Harvest Sunning in time afterwards, drops to 10% or less for pod water content.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
Film-mulching technique is mainly used in the relatively good sandy loam matter of soil moisture content, have heat, moisturizing, soil moisture conservation The effects of drought resisting and controlling weeds grow and prevent the wind erosion of soil surface, prevent heavy rain from washing away upper soll layer.Flower of the invention The cultural method of raw full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle is efficiently solved using the mating submembrane drip irrigation technology of mulch all standing Sowing time soil drought problem, meanwhile, wind erosion prevention band is constructed, the soil texture of Blown-sand soil is changed, increases the adhesion between the grains of sand Power, partial size is bigger or the grains of sand between adhesion strength it is stronger, starting wind velocity is bigger, and Resistance to wind Erosion is stronger, solves soil Surface layer wind erosion problem.And in peanut breeding time, rainfall is especially under a small amount of rain fall, and mulch can effectively utilize drop Rain allows to drop to the runoff that the micro rainwater on mulch is formed and flows at seedling band to being lowered into rhizosphere soil, reaches collection The purpose of drizzle is fully utilized using the rainwater resource of limit, is realized from passive drought resisting to the transformation of active drought resisting.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical solution of the present invention, below in conjunction with embodiment pair The present invention is further detailed.
Embodiment 1
Peanut cultivation is experimental field in the village red flag Jie Yishun of Shuangliao City, and N43 ° 34 of north latitude, E123 ° 36 ' of east longitude, cultivated area 10 hectares.The cultural method of the full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of peanut is as follows:
1, site preparation
Site preparation will accomplish to plough deeply, smooth, loose, fine crushing, moisten.Deep plough 20cm, ground it is whole it is good after, broadcast preceding ridging, ridge is to hanging down Directly in wind direction, by ridge bottom width 90cm ridging, the high 12cm in ridge, ridge face width 55cm broadcast 2 rows.
2, variety selection and seed treatment
Sowing kind is that Ji spends 19.It basks seeds before peeling off 2 days, sowing is peeled off for first 7 days, and worm, bud, decayed fruit are rejected when peeling off.Stripping 1,2 grade of seed sowing separately sowing is selected after shell, (40% withers the thiram suspension seed-coating agent that becomes rusty, Bayer crop section using good fortune is defended Co., Ltd is learned to produce) it is coated within sowing first 2 hours, it is sowed after drying in the shade.
3, overlay film and proper seeding
Select the black mulch film with a thickness of 0.1mm.When local temperature reaches 15 DEG C, it can sow.Depth of planting 3cm, ridge Upper plantation duplicate rows, small line-spacing 27cm, wide row space 50cm, hill spacing 9cm, every cave simple grain, theoretical 250000 plants/hm of planting density2
Using seedling band suppression of soil on sowing dazzling on drip irrigation zone under fertilising, herbicide spraying, plastic film mulch, overlay film, film, film The planting with sowing machine that operation is continuously finished.Per hectare applies ternary compound fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O=10-20-15) 750kg/hm2
4, field management
(1) to without normally unearthed seedling, timely rupture of membranes to put seedling, removes clear of soil, and whip at rupture of membranes one, lid Wet soil to keep the temperature, moisturizing and is protected from light and draws seedling.To normally unearthed peanut, when seedling there are 2 true leaf expansion, children is pushed aside immediately Seedling periphery hack bulldoze clear.When 4 true leaves of seedling, the part side shoot under film should be also gone through, plucks out put in time It sets outside film.
(2) the more peanut prosperous growth of growth medium such as rainwater, the spray plant growth adjusting in two times when plant height reaches 30cm Agent controls peanut excessive growth, prevents from lodging.The peanut growth later period sprays the foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, prevents early ageing.
(3) it pours water in due course, pays attention to drainage.For mulching film peanut in middle and later periods such as prolonged drought without rain, blade turns over white wither Here when, answer proper time to carry out furrow irrigation watering at dusk.Ditch cleaning drainage is answered when rainwater is more.
It is safe (60% azoles ether Carbatene) with fungicide hundred, 65 days and 80 days each foliage-sprays after peanut seeding respectively Once.It carries out blade face using PB-16 type sprayer uniformly to spray, 450.0 kg/hm of formulation rate2.The prevention and treatment pest and disease damage used Pesticide meets the requirement of GB/T 4285 and GB/T 8321.1-9.
5, harvest and sunning
When 65% or more pod shell hardens, reticulate pattern is clear, when shell inner wall is in green brown plaque, should harvest in time.It receives Sunning in time, drops to 10% or less for pod water content after obtaining.
Peanut Fields are cultivated by full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle, spring peanut emergence rate up to 92% or more, meet by non-overlay film The Peanut Fields of wind erosion: because wind erosion influences, Peanut Fields topsoil is struck off with wind flow, entire field ridge platform by dust storm, sowing Peanut seed sweeps movement by wind, causes Seedling emergence rate extremely low, and emergence rate only has 8%~30%, what more non-overlay film lost to the wind Peanut Fields improve survival rate of seedlings 70%~92%.Peanut growing process shifts to an earlier date 7~10 days.
Embodiment 2
Peanut cultivation is experimental field in Shuangliao City red flag street mulberry tree village, and N43 ° 32 ' of north latitude, E123 ° 38 ' of east longitude, cultivated area 18 hectares.The cultural method of the full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of peanut is as follows:
1 site preparation
Site preparation will accomplish to plough deeply, smooth, loose, fine crushing, moisten.Deep plough 30cm, ground it is whole it is good after, broadcast preceding ridging, ridge to Perpendicular to wind direction, ridge bottom width 85cm ridging is generally pressed, the high 10cm in ridge, ridge face width 50cm broadcast 2 rows.
2 variety selections and seed treatment
Sowing kind is that Ji spends No. 4.It basks seeds before peeling off 1 day, sowing is peeled off for first 10 days, and worm, bud, decayed fruit are rejected when peeling off. 1,2 grade of seed sowing separately sowing is selected after peeling off, (40% withers the thiram suspension seed-coating agent that becomes rusty, Bayer crop using good fortune is defended Scientific Co., Ltd produces) it is coated within sowing first 2 hours, it is sowed after drying in the shade.
3 overlay films and proper seeding
Select the black mulch film with a thickness of 0.08mm.When local temperature reaches 12 DEG C, it can sow.Depth of planting 4cm, Plant duplicate rows on ridge, small line-spacing 33cm, wide row space 50cm, hill spacing 11cm, every cave simple grain, 250000 plants of theoretical planting density/ hm2
Using seedling band suppression of soil on sowing dazzling on drip irrigation zone under fertilising, herbicide spraying, plastic film mulch, overlay film, film, film The planting with sowing machine that operation is continuously finished.Per hectare organic fertilizer 45000kg/hm2
4 field management
(1) to without normally unearthed seedling, timely rupture of membranes to put seedling, removes clear of soil, and whip at rupture of membranes one, lid Wet soil to keep the temperature, moisturizing and is protected from light and draws seedling.To normally unearthed peanut, when seedling there are 2 true leaf expansion, children is pushed aside immediately Seedling periphery hack bulldoze clear.When 4 true leaves of seedling, the part side shoot under film should be also gone through, plucks out put in time It sets outside film.
(2) the more peanut prosperous growth of growth medium such as rainwater, the spray plant growth adjusting in two times when plant height reaches 30cm Agent controls peanut excessive growth, prevents from lodging.The peanut growth later period sprays the foliar fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, prevents early ageing.
(3) it pours water in due course, pays attention to drainage.For mulching film peanut in middle and later periods such as prolonged drought without rain, blade turns over white wither Here when, answer proper time to carry out furrow irrigation watering at dusk.Ditch cleaning drainage is answered when rainwater is more.
It is safe (60% azoles ether Carbatene) with fungicide hundred, 65 days and 80 days each foliage-sprays after peanut seeding respectively Once.It carries out blade face using PB-16 type sprayer uniformly to spray, formulation rate 450.0kg/hm2.The prevention and treatment pest and disease damage used Pesticide meets the requirement of GB/T 4285 and GB/T 8321.1-9.
5 harvests and sunning
When 65% or more pod shell hardens, reticulate pattern is clear, when shell inner wall is in green brown plaque, should harvest in time.It receives Sunning in time, drops to 10% or less for pod water content after obtaining.
Peanut Fields are cultivated by full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle, spring peanut emergence rate up to 95% or more, meet by non-overlay film The Peanut Fields of wind erosion: because wind erosion influences, Peanut Fields topsoil is struck off with wind flow, entire field ridge platform by dust storm, sowing Peanut seed sweeps movement by wind, causes Seedling emergence rate extremely low, and emergence rate only has 10%~30%, and more non-overlay film loses to the wind Peanut Fields improve survival rate of seedlings 65%~90%.Peanut growing process shifts to an earlier date 5~8 days.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although with reference to the foregoing embodiments Invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each implementation Example documented by technical solution modify perhaps equivalent replacement of some of the technical features but these modification or Replacement, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.

Claims (7)

1. the cultural method for full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of cultivating peanut, which comprises the following steps:
(1) site preparation
Deep plough 20~30cm, ground it is whole it is good after, broadcast preceding ridging, ridge is to perpendicular to wind direction, and by ridge bottom width 85~90cm ridging, ridge is a height of 10~12cm, ridge face width are 50~55cm, broadcast 2 rows;
(2) variety selection and seed treatment
Selection high yield, stable yields, commodity are good to bask seeds 1~2 day by authorization, the kind assert or put on record before peeling off, sowing preceding 7 It peels off within~10 days, worm, bud, decayed fruit is rejected when peeling off;1,2 grade of seed sowing separately sowing is selected after peeling off, with peanut Special seed It is sowed after clothing agent coating;
(3) overlay film and proper seeding
It selects black mulch film to be overlying on ridge, when local temperature reaches 12 DEG C~15 DEG C, can sow.
2. the cultural method of the full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of peanut according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) depth of planting is 3~4cm, plants duplicate rows on ridge, and small line-spacing is 27~33cm, wide row space 50cm, hill spacing be 9cm~ 11cm, every cave simple grain, theoretical 250000 plants/hm of planting density2
3. the cultural method of the full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of peanut according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) black mulch film with a thickness of 0.08mm~0.1mm.
4. the cultural method of the full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of peanut according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) seeding method is using seedling on dazzling sowing on drip irrigation zone under fertilising, herbicide spraying, plastic film mulch, overlay film, film, film with earthing The planting with sowing machine that suppression operation is continuously finished.
5. the cultural method of the full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle of peanut according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) after planting 30000~45000kg/hm of per hectare organic fertilizer2Or ternary compound fertilizer 750kg/hm2
6. the methods of cultivation of described in any item peanut wind erosion preventions according to claim 1~5, which is characterized in that step (3) it It is further comprising the steps of afterwards:
(4) field management
According to meet the dosage of pesticide that pest and disease damage is prevented and treated as defined in GB/T 4285 and GB/T 8321.1-9, times for spraying, Administrated method application.
7. the methods of cultivation of peanut wind erosion prevention according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include after step (4) Following steps:
(5) harvest is protected in harvest sunning
When 65% or more pod shell hardens, reticulate pattern is clear, when shell inner wall is in green brown plaque, is harvested;After harvest and When dry, pod water content is dropped to 10% or less.
CN201811151654.9A 2018-09-29 2018-09-29 One cultural method for cultivating peanut full furrow overlay film wind erosion prevention collection drizzle Pending CN109275536A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112790083A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-14 山东省花生研究所 High-yield cultivation method for peanuts in northeast China

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104160869A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-11-26 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 Saline-alkali soil peanut high-yield cultivation method
CN104429418A (en) * 2013-09-12 2015-03-25 江阴润农蔬菜专业合作社 Black peanut planting method
CN105145069A (en) * 2015-09-06 2015-12-16 山东省花生研究所 Method for saline-alkali-resistant high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of peanuts
CN105766353A (en) * 2016-04-12 2016-07-20 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 Peanut cultivation method
CN106613293A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-05-10 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Autumn film mulching planting method of spring peanuts
CN106856943A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-20 安徽金培因科技有限公司 A kind of dust storm tibet milkwort root wind erosion prevention implantation methods
CN107182318A (en) * 2017-05-15 2017-09-22 高唐县润丰粮食种植专业合作社 Multi-functional peanut seeder and the method that Peanut mitigation synergy cultivation is carried out with it

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104429418A (en) * 2013-09-12 2015-03-25 江阴润农蔬菜专业合作社 Black peanut planting method
CN104160869A (en) * 2014-08-29 2014-11-26 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 Saline-alkali soil peanut high-yield cultivation method
CN105145069A (en) * 2015-09-06 2015-12-16 山东省花生研究所 Method for saline-alkali-resistant high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation of peanuts
CN105766353A (en) * 2016-04-12 2016-07-20 山东省农业科学院生物技术研究中心 Peanut cultivation method
CN106613293A (en) * 2017-02-15 2017-05-10 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 Autumn film mulching planting method of spring peanuts
CN106856943A (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-06-20 安徽金培因科技有限公司 A kind of dust storm tibet milkwort root wind erosion prevention implantation methods
CN107182318A (en) * 2017-05-15 2017-09-22 高唐县润丰粮食种植专业合作社 Multi-functional peanut seeder and the method that Peanut mitigation synergy cultivation is carried out with it

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112790083A (en) * 2021-01-22 2021-05-14 山东省花生研究所 High-yield cultivation method for peanuts in northeast China

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Application publication date: 20190129