CN111742806A - Tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method - Google Patents

Tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111742806A
CN111742806A CN202010617939.8A CN202010617939A CN111742806A CN 111742806 A CN111742806 A CN 111742806A CN 202010617939 A CN202010617939 A CN 202010617939A CN 111742806 A CN111742806 A CN 111742806A
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China
Prior art keywords
tobacco
water
tobacco seedlings
growing
seedlings
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Pending
Application number
CN202010617939.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨自荣
付亚丽
车文云
赵萍
张云宏
赵应辉
李姝锦
王毅
丁玲佳
张童
刘超
李超玲
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Yunnan Tobacco Co Honghe Prefecture Co
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Yunnan Tobacco Co Honghe Prefecture Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Yunnan Tobacco Co Honghe Prefecture Co filed Critical Yunnan Tobacco Co Honghe Prefecture Co
Priority to CN202010617939.8A priority Critical patent/CN111742806A/en
Publication of CN111742806A publication Critical patent/CN111742806A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/45Tobacco
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00Botany in general
    • A01G7/06Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

Abstract

The invention discloses a drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method for tobacco seedlings, which comprises the steps of floating disc root-protecting seedling raising, soil preparation and ridging, mulching, base fertilizer application, tobacco seedling transplanting, tobacco seedling topping, field management and the like. According to the invention, the floating disc is adopted to protect the roots and grow seedlings in the tobacco seedling growing period, so that the survival rate of tobacco seedlings can be effectively improved, the root systems of the tobacco seedlings can be protected, and the completeness of the root systems during transplanting of the tobacco seedlings is ensured; before transplanting tobacco seedlings, the ridges are irrigated to ensure the water content of planting land, and the water content of the soil is maintained through film mulching treatment to ensure the drought resistance and water retention capacity of the soil; digging a transplanting hole before transplanting, applying a drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer, providing a base fertilizer for the tobacco seedlings, improving the drought-resistant water-retaining capacity of the tobacco seedlings, and improving the survival rate of the tobacco seedlings after transplanting; the top removal operation is carried out 8-10 days after the tobacco is transplanted, the axillary buds are left to grow, the root growth of the tobacco plantlets can be promoted, and the growth potential energy is accumulated.

Description

Tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tobacco planting, in particular to a drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method for tobacco seedlings.
Background
The tobacco is a special economic crop, has strong ecological adaptability, is planted nationwide, needs to be transplanted in the tobacco planting process, generally needs to be paved with base fertilizer in the field during the tobacco cultivation, then ridges are formed, then transplanting pits are dug for transplanting, and scientific and reasonable field management is carried out after the transplanting. The root system of the tobacco seedling which is just transplanted is fragile, the fertilizer absorption and water absorption capacity is poor, the seedling returning period is long, and even the death of the tobacco seedling is easily caused. Therefore, the survival rate and the growth quality of the tobacco seedlings need to be improved by improving the drought resistance and water retention mode of the tobacco seedlings in the tobacco seedling cultivation process.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method for tobacco seedlings.
According to the purpose of the invention, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: root-protecting seedling raising in floating plate
Adopting floating trays for protecting roots and growing seedlings, putting seedling culture soil into the floating trays, then watering thoroughly, putting 2-3 seeds in each floating tray, scattering a layer of nutrient soil for spraying moisture, and paving a layer of rice straw on the floating trays after sowing for moisturizing;
step 2: soil preparation and ridging
In spring beginning of the next year, selecting proper land for land preparation, then deeply ploughing, preparing land and ridging, digging a drainage ditch, and watering the transplanted land thoroughly 2-3 days before the tobacco seedlings are transplanted;
and step 3: mulching film
2-3 days after the transplanting land is watered thoroughly, covering a layer of mulching film on the ridge, breaking a hole on the mulching film to expose a transplanting hole, and covering the hole opening of the transplanting hole with soil;
and 4, step 4: applying base fertilizer
Digging a transplanting hole before transplanting, and applying a drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer, wherein the drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer comprises sheep manure and water-retaining particles, and the ratio of the sheep manure to the water-retaining particles is 1: 1.5, wherein the water-retaining particles are made of polyacrylamide-polyacrylamide;
and 5: tobacco seedling transplantation
When the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the floating disc film is extracted and adjusted, the tobacco seedlings with soil are transplanted into the tobacco holes, planting soil is filled to cover the tobacco seedlings, and water is used for thoroughly watering the roots of the tobacco seedlings after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted;
step 6: tobacco seedling topping
Removing the top of the tobacco seedlings after 8-10 days of transplanting;
and 7: management of field
The tobacco seedlings are subjected to field weeding and top dressing regularly, so that no weeds, no accumulated water and no hardening are generated;
and 8: tobacco leaf harvesting
And (4) after the tobacco leaves are mature, manually harvesting according to the standard in time.
Further, in step 1, spraying water on the straws once every 2-3 days, and removing the straws after the bags sprout.
Further, in the step 2, when land preparation and ridge forming are carried out, the ridge distance is 100-130cm, and the ridge height is 35-30 cm.
Further, leaf surface fertilizer is sprayed on the leaves 3-5 days after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted.
Further, preventing the occurrence of root rot and insect pests during tobacco growth:
prevention of root rot: drainage in rainy season and mechanical damage prevention during field operation are mainly well done;
and (3) pest control: spraying agents such as 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granule 8000-10000 times liquid, 20% acetamiprid wettable powder 8000-10000 times liquid, imidacloprid and the like for preventing and treating, wherein the agents are applied for 2-3 times at intervals of 7-10 days for 1 time, and are forbidden to be used 20 days before capping.
Further, when the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the plant spacing is 50cm, and the row spacing is 120 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method for the tobacco seedlings has the characteristics of being scientific and practical and being simple and convenient to operate, the floating disc is adopted to protect the roots and grow seedlings in the seedling growing period of the tobacco seedlings, the survival rate of the tobacco seedlings can be effectively improved, the root systems of the tobacco seedlings can be protected, and the completeness of the root systems during transplanting of the tobacco seedlings is guaranteed; before transplanting tobacco seedlings, the ridges are irrigated to ensure the water content of planting land, and the water content of the soil is maintained through film mulching treatment to ensure the drought resistance and water retention capacity of the soil; digging a transplanting hole before transplanting, applying a drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer, providing a base fertilizer for the tobacco seedlings, improving the drought-resistant water-retaining capacity of the tobacco seedlings, and improving the survival rate of the tobacco seedlings after transplanting; the top removal operation is carried out 8-10 days after the tobacco is transplanted, the axillary buds are left to grow, the root growth of the tobacco plantlets can be promoted, and the growth potential energy is accumulated; the growth and metabolism process of the leaves can be promoted through the foliar fertilizer, the vigorous growth of the leaves is promoted, and the tobacco quality is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: root-protecting seedling raising in floating plate
Adopting floating trays for protecting roots and growing seedlings, putting seedling culture soil into the floating trays, then watering thoroughly, putting 2-3 seeds in each floating tray, scattering a layer of nutrient soil for spraying moisture, and paving a layer of rice straw on the floating trays after sowing for moisturizing; spraying water onto the straws every 2-3 days, and removing the straws after the bags bud.
Step 2: soil preparation and ridging
In the spring beginning of the next year, proper land is selected for land preparation, deep ploughing is then carried out, land preparation and ridging are carried out, and when land preparation and ridging are carried out, the ridge distance is 100 plus land for 130cm, and the ridge height is 35-30 cm. Digging a drainage ditch, and watering the transplanted land thoroughly 2-3 days before the tobacco seedlings are transplanted;
and step 3: mulching film
2-3 days after the transplanting land is watered thoroughly, covering a layer of mulching film on the ridge, breaking a hole on the mulching film to expose a transplanting hole, and covering the hole opening of the transplanting hole with soil;
and 4, step 4: applying base fertilizer
Digging a transplanting hole before transplanting, and applying a drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer, wherein the drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer comprises sheep manure and water-retaining particles, and the ratio of the sheep manure to the water-retaining particles is 1: 1.5, wherein the water-retaining particles are made of polyacrylamide-polyacrylamide;
and 5: tobacco seedling transplantation
When the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the floating disc film is extracted and adjusted, the tobacco seedlings with soil are transplanted into the tobacco holes, planting soil is filled to cover the tobacco seedlings, and water is used for thoroughly watering the roots of the tobacco seedlings after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted; when the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the plant spacing is 50cm, and the row spacing is 120 cm.
Step 6: tobacco seedling topping
Removing the top of the tobacco seedlings after 8-10 days of transplanting;
and 7: management of field
The tobacco seedlings are subjected to field weeding and top dressing regularly, so that no weeds, no accumulated water and no hardening are generated;
and 8: tobacco leaf harvesting
And (4) after the tobacco leaves are mature, manually harvesting according to the standard in time.
Example 2
A tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method comprises the following steps:
step 1: root-protecting seedling raising in floating plate
Adopting floating trays for protecting roots and growing seedlings, putting seedling culture soil into the floating trays, then watering thoroughly, putting 2-3 seeds in each floating tray, scattering a layer of nutrient soil for spraying moisture, and paving a layer of rice straw on the floating trays after sowing for moisturizing; spraying water onto the straws every 2-3 days, and removing the straws after the bags bud.
Step 2: soil preparation and ridging
In the spring beginning of the next year, proper land is selected for land preparation, deep ploughing is then carried out, land preparation and ridging are carried out, and when land preparation and ridging are carried out, the ridge distance is 100 plus land for 130cm, and the ridge height is 35-30 cm. Digging a drainage ditch, and watering the transplanted land thoroughly 2-3 days before the tobacco seedlings are transplanted;
and step 3: mulching film
2-3 days after the transplanting land is watered thoroughly, covering a layer of mulching film on the ridge, breaking a hole on the mulching film to expose a transplanting hole, and covering the hole opening of the transplanting hole with soil;
and 4, step 4: applying base fertilizer
Digging a transplanting hole before transplanting, and applying a drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer, wherein the drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer comprises sheep manure and water-retaining particles, and the ratio of the sheep manure to the water-retaining particles is 1: 1.5, wherein the water-retaining particles are made of polyacrylamide-polyacrylamide;
and 5: tobacco seedling transplantation
When the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the floating disc film is extracted and adjusted, the tobacco seedlings with soil are transplanted into the tobacco holes, planting soil is filled to cover the tobacco seedlings, and water is used for thoroughly watering the roots of the tobacco seedlings after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted; when the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the plant spacing is 50cm, and the row spacing is 120 cm. And spraying foliar fertilizer on the leaves 3-5 days after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted.
Step 6: tobacco seedling topping
Removing the top of the tobacco seedlings after 8-10 days of transplanting;
and 7: management of field
The tobacco seedlings are subjected to field weeding and top dressing regularly, so that no weeds, no accumulated water and no hardening are generated;
preventing root rot and insect pest during tobacco growth:
prevention of root rot: drainage in rainy season and mechanical damage prevention during field operation are mainly well done;
and (3) pest control: spraying agents such as 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granule 8000-10000 times liquid, 20% acetamiprid wettable powder 8000-10000 times liquid, imidacloprid and the like for preventing and treating, wherein the agents are applied for 2-3 times at intervals of 7-10 days for 1 time, and are forbidden to be used 20 days before capping.
And 8: tobacco leaf harvesting
And (4) after the tobacco leaves are mature, manually harvesting according to the standard in time.
The water retention particles adopted in the above embodiment are made of polyacrylamide-polyacrylamide, which is in the form of white granular crystals and mainly comprises the following components: 65 to 66 percent of acrylamide, 23 to 24 percent of potassium acrylate, 8 to 10 percent of water and 0.5 to 1.0 percent of cross-linking agent. Water-retaining agents are among the most common products of this type of composition.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: root-protecting seedling raising in floating plate
Adopting floating trays for protecting roots and growing seedlings, putting seedling culture soil into the floating trays, then watering thoroughly, putting 2-3 seeds in each floating tray, scattering a layer of nutrient soil for spraying moisture, and paving a layer of rice straw on the floating trays after sowing for moisturizing;
step 2: soil preparation and ridging
In spring beginning of the next year, selecting proper land for land preparation, then deeply ploughing, preparing land and ridging, digging a drainage ditch, and watering the transplanted land thoroughly 2-3 days before the tobacco seedlings are transplanted;
and step 3: mulching film
2-3 days after the transplanting land is watered thoroughly, covering a layer of mulching film on the ridge, breaking a hole on the mulching film to expose a transplanting hole, and covering the hole opening of the transplanting hole with soil;
and 4, step 4: applying base fertilizer
Digging a transplanting hole before transplanting, and applying a drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer, wherein the drought-resistant water-retaining biological fertilizer comprises sheep manure and water-retaining particles, and the ratio of the sheep manure to the water-retaining particles is 1: 1.5, wherein the water-retaining particles are made of polyacrylamide-polyacrylamide;
and 5: tobacco seedling transplantation
When the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the floating disc film is extracted and adjusted, the tobacco seedlings with soil are transplanted into the tobacco holes, planting soil is filled to cover the tobacco seedlings, and water is used for thoroughly watering the roots of the tobacco seedlings after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted;
step 6: tobacco seedling topping
Removing the top of the tobacco seedlings after 8-10 days of transplanting;
and 7: management of field
The tobacco seedlings are subjected to field weeding and top dressing regularly, so that no weeds, no accumulated water and no hardening are generated;
and 8: tobacco leaf harvesting
And (4) after the tobacco leaves are mature, manually harvesting according to the standard in time.
2. The method for cultivating tobacco seedlings quickly after drought resistance, water retention, early growth and quick growth according to claim 1, wherein water is sprayed on the straws once every 2 to 3 days in the step 1, and the straws are removed after the bags bud.
3. The method for cultivating tobacco seedlings to resist drought, retain water, grow early and grow quickly as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2, when preparing land and ridging, the ridge distance is 100-130cm, and the ridge height is 35-30 cm.
4. The drought-resisting, water-retaining, early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method for the tobacco seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that leaf surface fertilizer is sprayed on leaves every day 3-5 days after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted.
5. The drought-resistant, water-retaining, early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method for the tobacco seedlings according to claim 1 is characterized in that root rot and insect pests are prevented during growth of tobacco:
prevention of root rot: drainage in rainy season and mechanical damage prevention during field operation are mainly well done;
and (3) pest control: spraying agents such as 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granule 8000-10000 times liquid, 20% acetamiprid wettable powder 8000-10000 times liquid, imidacloprid and the like for preventing and treating, wherein the agents are applied for 2-3 times at intervals of 7-10 days for 1 time, and are forbidden to be used 20 days before capping.
6. The drought-resistant, water-retaining, early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method of tobacco seedlings according to claim 1, wherein when the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the plant spacing is 50cm, and the row spacing is 120 cm.
CN202010617939.8A 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 Tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method Pending CN111742806A (en)

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CN202010617939.8A CN111742806A (en) 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 Tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method

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CN202010617939.8A CN111742806A (en) 2020-07-01 2020-07-01 Tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114503892A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-17 四川省烟草公司泸州市公司 Planting method capable of promoting root development of tobacco plants

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103355150A (en) * 2013-08-05 2013-10-23 四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司 Flue-cured tobacco floating breeding cultivation method
CN104813834A (en) * 2015-05-13 2015-08-05 湖北省烟草科学研究院 Tobacco water-holding and heat-preserving cultivation method
CN106561231A (en) * 2016-10-24 2017-04-19 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 Method for drought resisting transplanting of flue-cured tobacco through agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent
CN108739207A (en) * 2018-05-04 2018-11-06 河南农业大学 Flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method
CN108782098A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-13 云南农业大学 One grow tobacco seedling drought resisting heat preservation early growth and quick tiller cultural method
CN109042208A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-21 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 A kind of cultural method promoting root system development tobacco growth early period
US20190166774A1 (en) * 2016-06-29 2019-06-06 The Regents Of The University Of California Method to increase crop plant foliage productivity
CN110692477A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-01-17 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Cultivation method for improving tobacco yield and quality and application thereof

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103355150A (en) * 2013-08-05 2013-10-23 四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司 Flue-cured tobacco floating breeding cultivation method
CN104813834A (en) * 2015-05-13 2015-08-05 湖北省烟草科学研究院 Tobacco water-holding and heat-preserving cultivation method
US20190166774A1 (en) * 2016-06-29 2019-06-06 The Regents Of The University Of California Method to increase crop plant foliage productivity
CN106561231A (en) * 2016-10-24 2017-04-19 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 Method for drought resisting transplanting of flue-cured tobacco through agriculture and forestry water-retaining agent
CN108739207A (en) * 2018-05-04 2018-11-06 河南农业大学 Flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method
CN108782098A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-11-13 云南农业大学 One grow tobacco seedling drought resisting heat preservation early growth and quick tiller cultural method
CN109042208A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-12-21 湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所 A kind of cultural method promoting root system development tobacco growth early period
CN110692477A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-01-17 中国农业科学院烟草研究所 Cultivation method for improving tobacco yield and quality and application thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114503892A (en) * 2021-12-30 2022-05-17 四川省烟草公司泸州市公司 Planting method capable of promoting root development of tobacco plants

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Application publication date: 20201009