CN109729942B - Method for planting beet in severe-harm areas with high and cold spring drought and windy weeds - Google Patents
Method for planting beet in severe-harm areas with high and cold spring drought and windy weeds Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a beet planting method in severe cold spring drought windy weed harm areas, which comprises the following steps: sowing barley in a drill mode at 15-20 days 4-4 months, sowing beet in a drill mode at 5-5 months and 15 days 5-5 months and 4-6 cm high, sowing beet in a drill by a precision sowing machine, wherein the row spacing is 50-60 cm, the row spacing is 16-18 cm, the direction of a beet sowing ridge forms an angle of 60-90 degrees with the direction of a barley sowing ridge, sowing and compacting are carried out simultaneously, and water is sprayed in time after sowing; and (3) spraying a herbicide in a pair of true leaf periods of the beet, loosening the soil and weeding after spraying the herbicide for 4-5 days, and removing weeds and barley seedlings on the ridge back. The method is suitable for being popularized and applied in severe cold, spring drought, windy and weed harm areas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural cultivation, and particularly relates to a beet planting method in a severe-cold spring-drought windy weed harm area.
Background
The Daxingan mountain is commonly called as the northern area of the mountain, has bad climate and low temperature in spring, a sugar factory for processing 5000 tons of beets per day is built and put into production in the city of Quercuna in 2018, the lowest temperature in 4 months is-16.0 ℃, the highest temperature is 23.5 ℃, the average temperature is 3 ℃, the lowest temperature in 5 months is-3.1 ℃, the highest temperature is 29.5 ℃, the average temperature in 5 months is 11.8 ℃ and other crops can not be sown except wheat in the middle and last ten days of 4 months; the method is characterized in that the method is drought in spring, the rainfall in spring is less, the rainfall is only 60 mm in 3-5 months according to statistics of data of many years, and in order to ensure that the sufficient soil moisture content is achieved when crops are sown, sprinkling irrigation is actively developed in the northern region of the last few mountains, and the sprinkling irrigation is mainly carried out by extracting and temporarily storing river water; the farmland in the north of the ridge is developed from a low mountain grassland, only a few farmlands are provided with protection forests around, the average wind speed in the northern region of the ridge is 2.4-3.0 m/s in 4-5 months, thunderstorm days occur in 5-6 months, sometimes, seedlings of the farmland are damaged by wind and sand, and the seed damage phenomenon occurs almost every year; the grassland is arranged around the farmland, so that the farmland has a lot of weeds, and for beet, the gramineous weeds in the beet field are better controlled by the herbicide, the broadleaf weeds are difficult to control by the herbicide, mainly the seedlings of the weeds are different in age, shallow grass seeds germinate at any time under proper conditions, on the other hand, the use effect of the herbicide under the condition of climate or soil moisture is good, but the climate in the northern area of the ridge is dry, the effect of the herbicide is not exerted, the common method is to increase the dosage of the herbicide and increase the use times of the herbicide, the growth of the weeds is controlled to a certain degree, but the yield of the beet is reduced, the cost is increased, and the environment is polluted; the effective accumulated temperature of more than or equal to 10 ℃ in north ridge is only about 2100 ℃, the average frost-free period is about 110 days, the year with the frost-free period exceeding 120 days in 10 years is only 2 years, the special natural condition determines that the land can not be planted with crops with longer growth period such as corn and the like, only wheat, barley, rape and a small amount of potatoes, the average minimum temperature of 9 months in the northern region of ridge is-5.5 ℃, the average maximum temperature is 27.9 ℃, the average temperature of 6.6 ℃ in the last ten days of 9 months, and the snow is left in the first 9 months of some years, so that the beet must be harvested in the middle and last days of 9 months, and the harvesting is completed in a short time; the crop yield in the northern Ling area is low, but the fertilizing amount is relatively large, a large amount of quick-acting nutrients of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are accumulated in the range of a plough layer under the action of two factors of large application of chemical fertilizer for many years and small amount of nutrients taken away by low crop biological yield, and simultaneously a large amount of quick-acting nitrogen is accumulated in the range of a root layer due to the leaching effect of nitrogen, and the soil sample results of several national farms in the northern Ling area show that: the quick-acting nitrogen, the quick-acting phosphorus and the quick-acting potassium in the plough layer range of 0-30 cm are respectively 152mg/kg, 42mg/kg and 213mg/kg, the effective nitrogen of 30-60 cm is 86mg/kg, and the effective nitrogen of 60-90 cm is 61mg/kg, which shows that the quick-acting nitrogen in the soil is very rich, although the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium are rich, the temperature of crops in the northern mountainous area is low in the early growth stage, and how to activate and utilize the effective nutrients in the soil is particularly important.
According to the characteristics of climate and soil and the biological characteristics of beet in the northern green area, the beet planted in the northern green area has favorable places and unfavorable places, the favorable places are cold climate, large temperature difference between day and night, fast accumulation of beet sugar, difficult infection of brown spot by beet and light insect damage; the disadvantages are as follows: most farmlands in northern mountainous areas have no protection forest, the wind is strong in spring, and the seedlings are easy to be killed by wind and sand or buried by sand; the yield of the beet is reduced due to excessive application of the herbicide when the weeds in the field are too much; the low temperature of the soil at the early stage of beet growth causes the low utilization efficiency of available nutrients in the soil; because the soil in the root layer of 0-90 cm of soil has high available nitrogen nutrient, and the rainfall is more in 7 months and 8 months, the stems and leaves grow excessively in the middle and later periods of beet growth, the field closure is serious, and the formation of yield and higher sugar is not facilitated; the frost-free period is short, the effective accumulated temperature is low, and the yield of the beet is low; in 9 months, the climate is unstable, and in some years, the snow falls early and needs to be harvested at proper time. The method has the advantages that the advantages and conditions which are beneficial to planting the beets in the northern region of the Ling are fully utilized, adverse factors are researched and overcome, and the significance of the beet planting method in the severe regions with severe cold, spring, drought, windy and weed damage is great.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a beet planting method suitable for being popularized and applied in severe regions with severe harm of severe cold, spring drought, windy and weeds according to the biological characteristics of the beet.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a beet planting method in a severe-cold spring drought windy weed harm area comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting land parcel
Selecting plots which have not been planted with beet, potato and rape in the last three years and have sufficient water source and sprinkling irrigation equipment;
s2 land preparation and fertilization
Ploughing in autumn or spring, uniformly spreading a chemical fertilizer and/or an organic fertilizer on the surface of soil in the ploughing process, then uniformly spreading the chemical fertilizer and/or the organic fertilizer in a soil plough layer through a ploughing machine, and preparing the soil in spring, wherein the soil preparation quality is flat, broken, solid and has no root stubble;
s3, sowing barley
Sowing the barley in a drill mode for 15-20 days in 4-4 months, wherein the seed consumption of the barley per mu is 8.0-10.0 kg;
s4, sowing beet
5, 5-5, 15 days in 5 months and 4-6 cm high barley, drilling beet by using a precision seeding machine, wherein the row spacing is 50-60 cm, the plant spacing is 16-18 cm, the direction of a beet seeding ridge and the direction of a barley seeding ridge form an angle of 60-90 degrees, and pressing while seeding, and spraying water in time after seeding;
s5, field management
Spraying the herbicide once every 7-10 days from the cotyledon period of the beet to the period that the beet grows 12 leaves, spraying the herbicide 3-4 times in total, and performing spray irrigation after 10-15 hours of herbicide spraying each time;
at the cotyledon stage of beet: spraying herbicide for the first time, and spraying betaine peace;
sugar beet one-true leaf stage: spraying a herbicide for the second time, namely spraying the beet peaching and clethodim, or spraying the beet peaching and quizalofop-p-ethyl, and loosening the soil and weeding in a weeding field 4-5 days after spraying the herbicide for the second time, so as to remove weeds and barley seedlings on the back of ridges;
and (3) in the 4-6 true leaf stage of the beet: carrying out herbicide spraying for the third time, spraying ethofumesate and clethodim or spraying ethofumesate and quizalofop-p-ethyl, carrying out intertillage ridging weeding after 4-5 days of herbicide spraying for the third time, and removing weeds and barley seedlings on the ridge back;
the beet is in 8-12 true leaf stage: if the weeds in the field are more, the herbicide is sprayed for the fourth time, and then the ethofumesate and the clethodim are sprayed, or the ethofumesate and the quizalofop-p-ethyl are sprayed; if the weeds in the field are less, the fourth herbicide is not sprayed.
Preferably, in step S5, the sugar beet has a true leaf stage: and if a windy weather with the wind speed of more than 2.5 m/s is predicted within 10 days, the second herbicide spraying is carried out without spraying clethodim and quizalofop-p-ethyl, only the betanin is sprayed, and the weeding is carried out by loosening the soil and weeding after the windy weather, so as to remove weeds and barley seedlings on the ridge back.
Preferably, the betanin is betanin emulsifiable concentrate with the effective components of 8 percent of betanin and 8 percent of betanin; the clethodim is clethodim emulsifiable concentrate with the effective component of 24 percent of clethodim; the quizalofop-p-ethyl is quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil with the effective component of 10 percent of quizalofop-p-ethyl; the ethofumesate is an ethofumesate emulsifiable concentrate with the effective components of 7% of betanin, 7% of betanin and 7% of ethofumesate.
Preferably, herbicide is sprayed for the first time, and beet peaching missible oil is sprayed to 120-150 ml/mu; spraying herbicide for the second time, wherein 200-250 ml/mu of beet peaching missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of clethodim missible oil are sprayed, or 200-250 ml/mu of beet peaching missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil are sprayed; spraying herbicide for the third time, wherein 200-300 ml/mu of benoxacor and 30-100 ml/mu of clethodim emulsifiable solution are sprayed; or 200-300 ml/mu of benomyl and 30-100 ml/mu of quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil are sprayed; and (3) spraying the herbicide for the fourth time, wherein 350-400 ml/mu of the benethafuracite missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of the clethodim missible oil are sprayed, or 350-400 ml/mu of the benethafuracite missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of the quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil are sprayed.
Preferably, after 12 true leaves of sugar beet and during harvest: and (3) carrying out spray irrigation in time according to the soil moisture content of the field and the growth vigor of the beet, and carrying out artificial weeding for 1-2 times according to the field weed condition.
Preferably, in step S1, the soil type of the selected plot is loam.
Preferably, in step S2, the fertilizer is a nitrogen phosphorus potassium compound fertilizer, the effective components N are 10% and P are2O516 percent of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 15 percent of the K, and 30-40 kilograms of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are applied to each mu.
Preferably, in step S2, the organic fertilizer is a bio-organic fertilizer prepared by adding one or more strains of bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis to one or more mixtures of livestock and poultry manure, decomposing, fermenting and granulating, wherein the organic matter is greater than or equal to 40%, the effective viable count is greater than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, and 50-200 kg of the bio-organic fertilizer is applied per mu.
Preferably, in step S2, the depth of the ground is 30-35 cm.
Preferably, in step S4, the row spacing is 55 cm, the plant spacing is 16-18 cm, and the sugar beet seeding ridge forms an angle of 80-90 degrees with the barley seeding ridge.
Preferably, in step S4, the precision seeder adopts a double-disc furrow opener or a ploughshare furrow opener, preferably adopts a ploughshare furrow opener, and the ploughshare furrow opener width is 18-22 cm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention utilizes the characteristics of cold resistance and high seed sowing of the barley, the barley can be sown in 15 days in 4 months to 20 days in 4 months, the beet can be sown in 5 days in 5 months to 15 days in 5 months, and the height of the barley seedling is 4-6 cm. The method is characterized in that the barley is firstly sowed to have the wind-proof and soil-fixing effects, the leaves of the barley are wider than those of the wheat, a wind-proof wall is arranged for the later beet seedlings after the barley is sowed, the beet sowing time is 5 months and middle ten days, the barley grows to 4-6 cm when the beet is to be sowed, in addition, the barley belongs to a shallow root system crop, the root system of the surface layer is developed, the root system and the secretion of the root system can fix sand grains which easily flow on the surface layer in a certain range, and the barley wind-proof effect lies in two aspects: firstly, before beet emergence, wind sand is prevented from burying the beet 'ridge eyes', and on the other hand, after the beet emergence, the wind sand is prevented from damaging beet seedlings, and after the beet is sowed, the beet seedlings emerge about 10-15 days, at the moment, barley is tillered, and the windproof effect is better; water is lifted to make soil moisture, water absorbed by barley roots is dissipated into the atmosphere through transpiration in the daytime, and the roots absorb water in a wet soil layer at night and are released in a dry surface soil layer, so that conditions are provided for beet germination and seedling growth, but conditions are created for early germination of shallow weed seeds; the barley is sown and emerges earlier than the beet, so the barley forms a developed root system earlier than the beet, the secretion of the root system activates nutrient elements around the root system on one hand, on the other hand, the secretion of the root system provides organic nutrients such as amino acid and the like for microorganisms, after beneficial bacteria in the bio-organic fertilizer are applied to soil, the soil temperature and the air temperature are low, the bacteria in the bio-organic fertilizer can survive for a period of time under the low temperature condition, along with the rise of the temperature, the organic matters in the fertilizer provide simple nutrients, along with the formation of the root system of the barley and the beet, the root system continuously provides a large amount of nutrients for the beneficial bacteria in the fertilizer, and the beneficial bacteria can activate the nutrients in the soil and decompose harmful substances such as residual herbicide and the like in the soil.
2) The beet seeding ridge direction and the barley seeding ridge direction form an angle of 60-90 degrees, so that the beet and barley furrows are prevented from being overlapped when the beet seeding ridge direction is parallel to the barley seeding ridge direction, and the barley on the whole ridge is turned over when the beet is seeded, so that the wind prevention and soil fixation effects are prevented from being influenced.
3) According to the invention, a precision seeder is used for drilling beet, a plough share is adopted for ditching, the ditching width is 18-22 cm, the plough share ditching can turn over grass buds in furrows to dry the grass buds, barley seedlings in beet furrows are removed, a proper space for growth of beet seedlings is reserved, and the barley seedlings and the beet seedlings are prevented from fighting for water, nutrients and sunlight. Ploughshare furrowing to form shallow furrows, sugar beet seeds can contact with the bottom soil moisture, the sugar beet seeds can germinate and grow, the sugar beet seedlings can be sowed and pressed simultaneously, and water is sprayed in time after sowing; the water spraying device can ensure that the soil near the seedling zone is more compact, water is sprayed in time after a sprinkling irrigation circle is sowed late, the water spraying function is to create conditions for the germination of the beet and the weeds, and meanwhile, the water spraying function also has the functions of wind pressing and sand pressing.
4) In the cotyledon period of the beet, the first herbicide spraying and the betanin spraying are carried out; the characteristics that the beet peaceful can kill dicotyledonous plants but does not damage beet seedlings are utilized, and better growth conditions are created for the beet in the furrows and the barley on the back of the ridges.
5) In the stage of a pair of true leaves of the beets, the weedicide is sprayed for the second time, the strong wind weather is predicted within 10 days, the beets are independently sprayed for peace, the barley on the ridge back is not killed, the barley continues to play a role of wind prevention, the weeding is performed by weeding with a hoe after the strong wind weather, and weeds and barley seedlings on the ridge back are removed; forecasting no strong weather within 10 days, spraying beet peaching and clethodim, or spraying beet peaching and quizalofop-p-ethyl, killing dicotyledonous weeds and barley seedlings in furrows and ridge backs at one time, spraying a second herbicide for 4-5 days, then weeding by weeding with a hoe to loosen the soil, and further removing the weeds and the barley seedlings on the ridge backs;
6) in the 4-6 true leaf periods of the beets, the third herbicide spraying is carried out, the tolerance of the beets is stronger, the beets are sprayed with beninine, ethofumesate and clethodim, or the beets are sprayed with beninine, ethofumesate and quizalofop-p-ethyl, barley and weeds among the beets can be removed to the greatest extent, intertillage ridging is carried out 4-5 days after the third herbicide spraying, weeds and barley seedlings on the back of ridges can be removed thoroughly, meanwhile, the beets are ridged, and better conditions are created for the middle and later growth of the beets.
7) The method is used for spraying and irrigating 10-15 hours after the herbicide is sprayed and applied every time; the method is favorable for creating local soil and air-wet microenvironment, fully exerts the effect of the herbicide, promotes the growth of the beet seedlings, promotes the germination of shallow grass seeds, facilitates the removal of the beet seedlings by the herbicide or by intertillage in the future, and has the functions of 'pressing wind and sand' when being sprayed with water.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail by way of specific examples.
Example 1: the following is an application example of the method of the invention in a Labuda forest farm of Fauluna city, Renbell, by the applicant, to plant 500 mu of sugar beet, comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting land parcel
Selecting a 500 mu farmland which has not been planted with beet, potato and rape in nearly three years, has sufficient water source and is provided with sprinkling irrigation equipment, and the soil type is a centralized connection piece of loam to plant the beet;
s2 land preparation and fertilization
Turning the soil in autumn with the average depth of 32 cm, and uniformly mixing 35 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 80 kg of bio-organic fertilizer produced by Shijiazhuang Volfuho Fertilizer industry Co., Ltd per mu of soil before turning the soil, wherein the effective components N of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are 10%, and P is P2O516 percent and 15 percent of K, the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by adding mixed strains of bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis into sheep manure, and performing decomposition, fermentation and granulation, wherein the organic matter is more than or equal to 40 percent, and the effective viable count is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g; then the soil is mixed and applied in a soil plough layer through a soil-turning machine, soil is prepared in spring, and the soil preparation quality is flat, broken, solid and has no root stubble;
s3, sowing barley
Sowing barley in a drill sowing mode in 18 days and 19 days after 4 months, wherein the barley variety is reclaimed wheat No. 9, and the seed consumption of the barley per mu is 8 kilograms;
s4, sowing beet
When the average height of the barley is 5 cm, sowing the beet in a row by using a precision seeder, wherein the variety of the beet is KWS2314, the precision seeder adopts a plough share for ditching, the ditching width is 20 cm, the row spacing is 55 cm, the plant spacing is 17 cm, the direction of the beet seeding ridge and the direction of the barley seeding ridge form an angle of 90 degrees, the beet seeding ridge is pressed in time after seeding, and a circular sprinkler is adopted for spraying water after a sprinkling irrigation circle is sowed;
s5, field management
And (3) spraying the herbicide for 3 times from the cotyledon period of the beet to the period that the beet grows 12 leaves, wherein the sprayed herbicide is respectively: the betanin emulsion comprises betanin, clethodim, quizalofop-p-ethyl and benethafurin, wherein the betanin is betanin emulsifiable solution with the effective components of 8% of betanin and 8% of betanin; the clethodim is clethodim emulsifiable concentrate with the effective component of 24 percent of clethodim; the quizalofop-p-ethyl is quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil with the effective component of 10 percent of quizalofop-p-ethyl; the ethofumesate is an ethofumesate emulsifiable concentrate with the effective components of 7% of betanin, 7% of betanin and 7% of ethofumesate;
at the cotyledon stage of beet: spraying herbicide for the first time, spraying beet peaching missible oil, wherein the spraying dosage is 145 ml/mu, and spraying and irrigating after 12 hours of herbicide spraying;
sugar beet one-true leaf stage: according to weather data and weather forecast of the whole year, no strong wind weather with wind speed of more than 2.5 m/s exists within 10 days, herbicide is sprayed for the second time, beet peaching missible oil and quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil are sprayed, the spraying dosage of the beet peaching missible oil is 220 ml/mu, and the spraying dosage of the quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil is 50 ml/mu; spraying and irrigating after spraying the herbicide for 12 hours; after 5 days of spraying the herbicide, loosening the soil and weeding to remove weeds and barley seedlings on the ridge back;
and (3) in the 4-6 true leaf stage of the beet: spraying herbicide for the third time, and spraying an bening ethofumesate and quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil, wherein the spraying dosage of the bening ethofumesate is 250 ml/mu, and the spraying dosage of the quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil is 50 ml/mu; spraying and irrigating after spraying the herbicide for 12 hours; 5 days after the third herbicide is sprayed, intertillage and hilling are carried out, and weeds and barley seedlings on the back of the ridges are removed;
the beet is in 8-12 true leaf stage: the weeds in the field are few, and the fourth herbicide is not sprayed;
after 12 true leaves of beet until harvest: carrying out spray irrigation twice, and carrying out artificial weeding for 2 times in 7 months and 8 months;
s6 timely harvesting
Mechanical harvesting is adopted for 20 days in 9 months, the average yield per mu is 2.68 tons, and the average income per mu is 1474 yuan.
Finally, it should be noted that: although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A beet planting method in a severe-cold spring drought windy weed harm area comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting land parcel
Selecting plots which have not been planted with beet, potato and rape in the last three years and have sufficient water source and sprinkling irrigation equipment;
s2 land preparation and fertilization
Ploughing in autumn or spring, uniformly spreading a chemical fertilizer and/or an organic fertilizer on the surface of soil in the ploughing process, then uniformly spreading the chemical fertilizer and/or the organic fertilizer in a soil plough layer through a ploughing machine, and preparing the soil in spring, wherein the soil preparation quality is flat, broken, solid and has no root stubble;
s3, sowing barley
Sowing the barley in a drill mode for 15-20 days in 4-4 months, wherein the seed consumption of the barley per mu is 8.0-10.0 kg;
s4, sowing beet
5, 5-5, 15 days in 5 months and 4-6 cm high barley, drilling beet by using a precision seeding machine, wherein the row spacing is 50-60 cm, the plant spacing is 16-18 cm, the direction of a beet seeding ridge and the direction of a barley seeding ridge form an angle of 60-90 degrees, and pressing while seeding, and spraying water in time after seeding;
s5, field management
Spraying the herbicide once every 7-10 days from the cotyledon period of the beet to the period that the beet grows 12 leaves, spraying the herbicide 3-4 times in total, and performing spray irrigation after 10-15 hours of herbicide spraying each time;
at the cotyledon stage of beet: spraying herbicide for the first time, and spraying betaine peace;
sugar beet one-true leaf stage: spraying a herbicide for the second time, namely spraying the beet peaching and clethodim, or spraying the beet peaching and quizalofop-p-ethyl, and loosening the soil and weeding in a weeding field 4-5 days after spraying the herbicide for the second time, so as to remove weeds and barley seedlings on the back of ridges;
and (3) in the 4-6 true leaf stage of the beet: carrying out herbicide spraying for the third time, spraying ethofumesate and clethodim or spraying ethofumesate and quizalofop-p-ethyl, carrying out intertillage ridging weeding after 4-5 days of herbicide spraying for the third time, and removing weeds and barley seedlings on the ridge back;
the beet is in 8-12 true leaf stage: if the weeds in the field are more, the herbicide is sprayed for the fourth time, and then the ethofumesate and the clethodim are sprayed, or the ethofumesate and the quizalofop-p-ethyl are sprayed; if the weeds in the field are less, the fourth herbicide is not sprayed.
2. The method for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S5, sugar beet pair true leaf stage: and if a windy weather with the wind speed of more than 2.5 m/s is predicted within 10 days, the second herbicide spraying is carried out without spraying clethodim and quizalofop-p-ethyl, only the betanin is sprayed, and the weeding is carried out by loosening the soil and weeding after the windy weather, so as to remove weeds and barley seedlings on the ridge back.
3. The method for planting sugar beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the betanin is betanin emulsifiable concentrate with the effective components of 8 percent of betanin and 8 percent of betanin; the clethodim is clethodim emulsifiable concentrate with the effective component of 24 percent of clethodim; the quizalofop-p-ethyl is quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil with the effective component of 10 percent of quizalofop-p-ethyl; the ethofumesate is an ethofumesate emulsifiable concentrate with the effective components of 7% of betanin, 7% of betanin and 7% of ethofumesate.
4. The method for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: spraying herbicide for the first time, and spraying 120-150 ml/mu of betaine anning missible oil; spraying the herbicide for the second time, and spraying 200-250 ml/mu of beet-benining missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of clethodim missible oil or 200-250 ml/mu of beet-benining missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil in the weather that the wind speed is not more than 2.5 m/s within 10 days; forecasting a strong weather with wind speed of more than 2.5 m/s within 10 days, and spraying 200-250 ml/mu of beet tannin emulsion; spraying herbicide for the third time, wherein 200-300 ml/mu of benoxacor and 30-100 ml/mu of clethodim emulsifiable solution are sprayed; or 200-300 ml/mu of benomyl and 30-100 ml/mu of quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil are sprayed; and (3) spraying the herbicide for the fourth time, wherein 350-400 ml/mu of the benethafuracite missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of the clethodim missible oil are sprayed, or 350-400 ml/mu of the benethafuracite missible oil and 30-100 ml/mu of the quizalofop-p-ethyl missible oil are sprayed.
5. The method for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: after 12 true leaves of beet until harvest: and (3) carrying out spray irrigation in time according to the soil moisture content of the field and the growth vigor of the beet, and carrying out artificial weeding for 1-2 times according to the field weed condition.
6. The method for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S1, the soil type of the selected plot is loam.
7. The method of claim 3 for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed and weed damage areasThe method is characterized in that: in the step S2, a fertilizer or a fertilizer and an organic fertilizer are uniformly scattered on the soil surface in the process of turning over the soil, wherein the fertilizer is a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the effective components N are 10 percent, and P is P2O516 percent of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and 15 percent of the K, and 30-40 kilograms of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are applied to each mu.
8. The method for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S2, an organic fertilizer or a chemical fertilizer and the organic fertilizer are uniformly scattered on the surface of soil in the process of turning the soil, the organic fertilizer is a biological organic fertilizer prepared by adding one or more strains of bacillus mucilaginosus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus subtilis into one or more mixtures of livestock and poultry manure, decomposing, fermenting and granulating, the organic matter is more than or equal to 40%, the effective viable count is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, and 50-200 kg of the biological organic fertilizer is applied to each mu.
9. The method for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S2, the depth of the ground is 30-35 cm.
10. The method for planting beet in severe alpine spring drought, windy weed damage areas according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in step S4, the row spacing is 55 cm, the plant spacing is 16-18 cm, and the beet seeding ridge direction and the barley seeding ridge direction form an angle of 80-90 degrees.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN103416385A (en) * | 2013-07-12 | 2013-12-04 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Closed weeding method for beet paper tube seedling seedbeds |
| CN106665152A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-05-17 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Application method of beet growth regulator with yield increasing and sugar content increasing functions |
| CN107896887A (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-04-13 | 南宁市生润科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of sugar beet |
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| CN108739144A (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2018-11-06 | 佛山市日可威食品科技研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of beet implantation methods rich in various trace elements |
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