CN108739207A - Flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method - Google Patents
Flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108739207A CN108739207A CN201810419524.2A CN201810419524A CN108739207A CN 108739207 A CN108739207 A CN 108739207A CN 201810419524 A CN201810419524 A CN 201810419524A CN 108739207 A CN108739207 A CN 108739207A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/45—Tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0262—Mulches, i.e. covering material not-pre-formed in mats or sheets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation methods, in conjunction with spring irrigation；Deep ploughing site preparation；The recessed ridge ridging of duplicate rows；Water-retaining agent and promoter are applied in cigarette hole；Improving straw mulching or returning to the field；According to cigarette district ecoclimate feature, transplanted using the method planted deeply under seedling film；Field management measure and etc. carry out drought resisting protect entropy.The present invention can effectively improve the drought resistance of flue-cured tobacco, provide good soil environment for the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, adjust three-phase of soil（Solid phase, liquid phase, gas phase）Proportionate relationship, solve the problems, such as that effective rainfall deficiency and drought resisting difficulty are big when flue-cured tobacco is transplanted in the serious area of spring drought, improve soil texture, reduce soil moisture nutrient loss, improve water and fertilizer utilization rate, and using improving straw mulching as stalk rationally by it is a kind of in the way of, tobacco seedlings transplanting survival rate can be greatly improved, improve the yield, the output value and economic benefit of tobacco leaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flue-cured tobacco cultivations and farming technique field, and in particular to a kind of by spring irrigation, deep ploughing, the recessed ridge of duplicate rows, height
Ridge, using the flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method being combined is planted under water-retaining agent, promoter, improving straw mulching or returning to the field, seedling film deeply.
Background technology
Though China's cigarette district abundant rainfall, rainfall are unevenly distributed, the interim arid of cigarette strain the middle and late growth stage occurs often,
Rich water cannot couple, and affect the quality availability of cigarette strain growth and development and upper leaf.Therefore, field drought resisting is to stablizing tobacco leaf
Yield, improving quality of tobacco is particularly important.
Spring evaporation in the field amount and the water demand of crop all gradually increase, and rainfall is less instead, and it occur frequently that spring drought,
If irrigated not in time, turning green in time for the normal growth and winter crop to spring-sown crops is all very unfavorable, all can different journeys
Degree ground influences the harvest of crop.
In addition, for Dry crop, it is desirable that the soil for sowing position compares consolidation, with sharp improving soil moisture, promotes Seed sprouting；And
Covering seed soil layer then requires soft, with sharp water-permeable and air permeable, promotes germination emergence, i.e., so-called " the hard soft quilt of bed ".
In the later stage nineties in last century, domestic main cigarette district starts to build cigarette water conveyance system, to solve cigarette strain growth
The problem of middle and later periods interim arid achieves certain effect, but disposably input is higher for cigarette water conveyance system, popularizing area compared with
It is small.A kind of flue-cured tobacco field anti drought cultivation method is disclosed in Chinese patent literature CN106258464A, this method includes that tobacco seedlings are moved
Cultivation, cigarette strain leaf-cutting, apply carry seed manure, spray antivirus, flue-cured tobacco drought resistance can be effectively improved.However the method for the technical solution walks
Rapid cumbersome, operation is fine, needs fertile type more, and fertilising is complicated, of high cost, requires plant personnel technology high, it is difficult to which large area pushes away
Broad-spectrum and.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for a kind of drought resistance that can effectively improve flue-cured tobacco, can be provided for development of flue-cured tobacco it is good
Soil environment, the proportionate relationship that can adjust three-phase of soil can greatly improve tobacco seedlings transplanting survival rate, improve the production of tobacco leaf
The cultural method of amount, the output value and economic benefit, it is difficult to solve effective rainfall deficiency and drought resisting when flue-cured tobacco is transplanted in the serious area of spring drought
Spend big problem.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide it is a kind of by spring irrigation, deep ploughing, the recessed ridge of duplicate rows, high ridge, using water-retaining agent,
The flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method that the measures such as cultivation combine deeply under promoter, improving straw mulching or returning to the field, seedling film, with
Solve the problems, such as that effective rainfall deficiency and drought resisting difficulty are big when flue-cured tobacco is transplanted in the serious area of spring drought.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method is designed, is included the following steps：
（1）Spring irrigation：The previous moon is transplanted with 18~22m3/666.7m2Irrigation quantity to tobacco-growing soil carry out spring irrigation；Spring irrigation can
Good weather conditions are created for the sprouting of spring-sown crops seed；Also it can mitigate damaging effect of the frost to crop.
（2）Deep ploughing site preparation：14~16 days before transplanting, vega is deep ploughed, remove weeds and is flattened, without big soil
Block；It can optimize soil environment by deep ploughing, improve soil layer construction, be conducive to restore soil aggregate structure, adjustment three-phase (Gu,
Liquid, gas) proportionate relationship；Water storage, the soil moisture conservation function of soil can be enhanced；Buried table grass, stalk and fertilizer are turned over during deep ploughing,
It can promote soil-ripening, be conducive to eliminate weeds and reduce pest and disease damage.For crop sowing germination, growth and development provide it is good
Soil environment.
（3）The recessed ridge ridging of duplicate rows：Using wide-narrow row planting, ridging is the recessed ridge of duplicate rows, is to plant cigarette row at wave crest, is at trough
Ditch；Ridging width is 2.0~2.5m, 28~32cm of ridging height；Cigarette strain distance is 115~125cm cm between ridge；Two on ridge
Row tobacco plant is transplanted between two parties, and distance is 95~105cm between two row cigarette strains, and colleague's cigarette strain distance is 58~62cm；Want ridger
Multiple ridging and ridge manually is repaiied, it is full to reach ridge body.
The recessed ridge of duplicate rows has the following advantages：First, after the recessed ridge covering of duplicate rows, natural precipitation can be received by recessed ridge part,
Increase the water content of soil in ridge, extra rainwater can also be obstructed discharge ridge body by ground；Second is that duplicate rows epiphragma can subtract
Moisture evaporation between few uniline ridge body, reduces weed growth.
（4）Water-retaining agent and promoter are applied in cigarette hole；
（5）Improving straw mulching or returning to the field：After ridging, wheat stalk is uniformly layered on the body of ridge or is turned on the body of ridge.
（6）According to cigarette district ecoclimate feature, transplanted using the method planted deeply under seedling film；
（7）Field management measure：It is carried out according to sound tobacco field management technology regulatory requirements.
Preferably, in the step（1）In, the mode of the spring irrigation is using sprinkling irrigation or micro spray irrigation.
Preferably, in the step（2）In, the deep-controlled of the deep ploughing is 28~32cm.
Preferably, in the step（3）In, it is 30~35cm that the ridging height controls after cultivation and banking；The water
The width control of ditch is 12~18cm.
Preferably, in the step（4）In, the water-retaining agent is the long-acting potassium type anti-drought water-retaining agent in source of favour, and amount of application is
2.5~3.5kg/666.7m2；After penetrating into water-retaining agent in soil, moisture evaporation can be inhibited, improve saturated soil water content, drop
The saturated hydraulic conductivity of low soil reduces the infiltration and loss of soil moisture, reaches water conservation to slow down the speed that soil discharges water
Purpose；Crop root growth and development can also be stimulated, makes that the length of root increases, item number increases, is kept under drought environment
Preferable growing way.When water is more in soil, it can absorb a large amount of water, when soil water shortage, and can discharge water outlet, be inhaled for plant
It receives.
The promoter is potassium fulvate, and amount of application is 8~12kg/666.7m2.Containing there are many functions in potassium fulvate
Group, as physiological activator, growth and development and body physiological metabolism to crop have stimulation；Also have fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing,
The effect of potassium is activated, it is especially particularly evident to the synergy of potash fertilizer, play extraneous root strong sprout, anti-continuous cropping, disease-resistant, crop improvement quality
Effect.
Preferably, in the step（5）In, the amount of application control of the wheat stalk is 550~650kg/666.7m2。
Agricultural crop straw burns or throws aside in vain field irrigation canals and ditches and not only wastes valuable ecological resources for a long time, but also
It can cause the serious pollution in surrounding area.Improving straw mulching is at low cost, and materials are easy, convenient for promoting, has soil moisture conservation water storage, increasing of improving the soil
Fertilizer, the effect for reducing soil erosion.
The wheat stalk teds 1~3 day before lay under burning sun, with kill to the full extent mix in stalk it is more
Kind is harmful to pathogen and insect egg.Stalk can turn over soil after 1 year decomposition, stalk as fertilizer buriedly
Under.
Preferably, in the step（6）In, the method for transplanting is that first fertilising, dispenser, grave mound after rewatering are applied again
Medicine, last epiphragma.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial technical effect of the present invention lies in：
1. the spring irrigation of the present invention can increase soil moisture content with climate comfort, freeze injury is reduced, sprouts and creates for spring-sown crops seed
Good weather conditions；Meanwhile it can also mitigate injury of the frost to crop.
2. the deep ploughing of the present invention can improve soil layer construction, is conducive to restore soil aggregate structure, adjusts three-phase（Solid phase,
Liquid phase, gas phase）Proportionate relationship, increase the soil moisture of soil, good soil ring provided for sowing germination, the growth and development of crop
Border.
3. the water-retaining agent of the present invention has stronger water conservation, water suction and fertilizer-preserving ability, to improve soil texture, reduce
Soil moisture nutrient loss, improves water and fertilizer utilization rate；Promoter, which has, promotes root system development, improves the work of root activity
With.
4. the recessed ridge of duplicate rows of the present invention can receive natural precipitation, increase the water content of soil in ridge, reduces soil in the body of ridge
The evaporation of moisture adjusts soil moisture in the body of ridge, has good Water-saving effect, can greatly improve tobacco seedlings transplanting survival rate, promotees
Into cigarette strain early growth and quick tiller, tobacco production and value amount is improved.
5. the improving straw mulching or returning to the field of the present invention inhibit weeds in field growth, heat and moisture preserving, and with collection rain, water conservation, change
Good soil improves the content of organic matter of soil, increases soil fertility, can improve the yield, the output value and economic benefit of tobacco leaf
Evident characteristic.
6. every technical measures are dexterously organically merged by the present invention, cooperate, can effectively improve
The drought resistance of flue-cured tobacco provides good soil environment for the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco, solves to have when flue-cured tobacco is transplanted in the serious area of spring drought
Rainfall deficiency and the big problem of drought resisting difficulty are imitated, soil texture is improved, reduces soil moisture nutrient loss, liquid manure is improved and utilizes
Rate, and using improving straw mulching as stalk rationally by it is a kind of in the way of, tobacco seedlings transplanting survival rate can be greatly improved, improve tobacco leaf
Yield, the output value and economic benefit.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the recessed ridge structural schematic diagram of duplicate rows；
In figure, 1 is stalk, and 2 be tobacco plant.
Specific implementation mode
Illustrate the specific implementation mode of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but following embodiment is used only in detail
It describes the bright present invention in detail, does not limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Involved instrument and equipment is routine instrument device unless otherwise instructed in the examples below；Involved
Fertilizer or product are commercially available common fertilizer or product unless otherwise instructed；Involved test method, unless otherwise instructed,
It is conventional method.
Embodiment one：A kind of flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method
Include the following steps：
（1）The previous moon is transplanted to carrying out spring irrigation with planting crude opium, using sprinkling irrigation, irrigation quantity 18m3/666.7m2。
（2）13 days before transplanting, vega plough deeply sunning the earth which has been ploughed up, remove weeds and flattened, without big soil block, deep ploughing is deep
Up to 28cm.
（3）As shown in Figure 1, adjustment ridging machine knife blade spacing is 2.2m carries out ridging, ridging height 28cm, cultivation and banking again
After reach 30cm, the plantation of two row of big ridge, two row cigarettes are transplanted between two parties on ridge, and distance is 95cm, cigarette strain line-spacing 125cm between ridge, spacing in the rows
58cm.It is to plant cigarette row with wide-narrow row planting, at wave crest, duplicate rows recessed ridge plows the collecting gutter of a depth about 12cm among ridge.It rises
Ridge machine repeatedly carries out ridging back and forth, and coordinates and manually carry out finishing ridge body, reaches target call.
（4）Using water-retaining agent and promoter：The long-acting potassium type anti-drought water-retaining agent 2.5kg/666.7m in source for favour of spreading manuer in holes2With Huang corruption
Sour potassium 8kg/666.7m2, having applied fertilizer will mix uniformly with soil.
（5）It is 550kg/666.7m according to wheat stalk dosage after ridging2It is uniformly layered on the body of ridge, stalk is being laid
It needs to ted under burning sun 1 day before, kills a variety of harmful pathogens mixed in stalk and insect egg.After improving straw mulching is complete
It needs to dissipate part soil on stalk, prevents strong wind from dispelling stalk.
（6）According to cigarette district ecoclimate feature, transplanting time is determined, using being planted deeply under seedling film, method for transplanting is first to apply fertilizer, apply
Medicine rewaters, rear grave mound, then dispenser, rear epiphragma.
（7）Field management measure：It is carried out according to sound tobacco field management technology regulatory requirements.
Embodiment two：A kind of flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method
Include the following steps：
（1）The previous moon is transplanted to carrying out spring irrigation with planting crude opium, using micro spray irrigation, irrigation quantity 20m3/666.7m2。
（2）15 days before transplanting, vega plough deeply sunning the earth which has been ploughed up, remove weeds and flattened, without big soil block, deep ploughing is deep
Up to 30cm.
（3）Adjustment ridging machine knife blade spacing is that 2.2m carries out ridging again, ridging height 30cm, is reached after cultivation and banking
35cm, the plantation of two row of big ridge, two row cigarettes are transplanted between two parties on ridge, and distance is 100cm, cigarette strain line-spacing 120cm, spacing in the rows 60cm between ridge.
It is to plant cigarette row with wide-narrow row planting, at wave crest, duplicate rows recessed ridge plows the collecting gutter of a depth about 15cm among ridge.Ridger
Ridging is repeatedly carried out back and forth, and coordinates and manually carries out finishing ridge body, reaches target call.
（4）Using water-retaining agent and promoter：The long-acting potassium type anti-drought water-retaining agent 3kg/666.7m in source for favour of spreading manuer in holes2And fulvic acid
Potassium 10kg/666.7m2, having applied fertilizer will mix uniformly with soil.
（5）It is 600kg/666.7m according to wheat stalk dosage after ridging2It is uniformly layered on the body of ridge, stalk is being laid
It needs to ted under burning sun 2 days before.
（6）According to cigarette district ecoclimate feature, transplanting time is determined, using being planted deeply under seedling film, method for transplanting is first to apply fertilizer, apply
Medicine rewaters, rear grave mound, then dispenser, rear epiphragma.
（7）Field management is carried out according to sound tobacco field management technology regulatory requirements.
Embodiment three：A kind of flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method
Include the following steps：
（1）The previous moon is transplanted to carrying out spring irrigation with planting crude opium, using micro spray irrigation, irrigation quantity 22m3/666.7m2。
（2）18 days before transplanting, vega plough deeply sunning the earth which has been ploughed up, remove weeds and flattened, without big soil block, deep ploughing is deep
Up to 32cm.
（3）Adjustment ridging machine knife blade spacing is that 2.2m carries out ridging again, ridging height 32cm, is reached after cultivation and banking
32cm, the plantation of two row of big ridge, two row cigarettes are transplanted between two parties on ridge, and distance is 105cm, cigarette strain line-spacing 115cm, spacing in the rows 62cm between ridge.
It is to plant cigarette row with wide-narrow row planting, at wave crest, duplicate rows recessed ridge plows the collecting gutter of a depth about 18cm among ridge.Ridger
Ridging is repeatedly carried out back and forth, and coordinates and manually carries out finishing ridge body, reaches target call.
（4）Using water-retaining agent and promoter：The long-acting potassium type anti-drought water-retaining agent 3.5kg/666.7m in source for favour of spreading manuer in holes2With Huang corruption
Sour potassium 12kg/666.7m2, having applied fertilizer will mix uniformly with soil.
（5）It is 650kg/666.7m according to wheat stalk dosage after ridging2It is uniformly layered on the body of ridge, stalk is being laid
It needs to ted under burning sun 3 days before.
（6）According to cigarette district ecoclimate feature, transplanting time is determined, using being planted deeply under seedling film, method for transplanting is first to apply fertilizer, apply
Medicine rewaters, rear grave mound, then dispenser, rear epiphragma.
（7）Field management is carried out according to sound tobacco field management technology regulatory requirements.
Example IV：Characteristic Contrast is tested
1. test material
Test group is divided into six small experiments by each step in the method for embodiment two, as follows：
Deep ploughing experiment：Test group carries out the deep ploughing processing of 30cm, and control group is handled without deep ploughing.
Water-retaining agent is tested：Test group is on the basis of conventional cultivation technology, according to 3kg/666.7m2Amount, using favour it
The long-acting potassium type anti-drought water-retaining agent in source, control group use conventional cultivation technology.
Promoter is tested：Test group is on the basis of conventional cultivation technology, according to 10kg/666.7m2Amount application it is yellow rotten
Sour potassium, control group use conventional cultivation technology.
The recessed ridge experiment of duplicate rows：Test group carries out ridging on the basis of conventional cultivation technology, according to the row spacing of 2.2m, between ridge
Cigarette strain line-spacing 120cm, spacing in the rows 60cm, two row of big ridge are planted, and two row cigarettes are transplanted between two parties on ridge, and distance is 100cm, is plowed among ridge
The collecting gutter of one depth about 15cm；Control group is conventional single ridge cultivation technique.
Uneven ridges are tested：Test group is risen on the basis of conventional cultivation technology according to the height of ridge body height 30cm
Ridge reaches 35cm after cultivation and banking, and the ridge body height of control group is 20cm.
Improving straw mulching（Or it turns over）Experiment：Test group is on the basis of conventional cultivation technology, according to 600kg/666.7m2's
Amount carries out improving straw mulching；Control group is conventional cultivation technology, no covering treatment.
2. test method：
（1）75 days after tobacco leaf transplanting, cigarette strain root system soil test soil moisture content nearby is taken.
（2）75 days after tobacco leaf transplanting, 5 plants of representative tobacco leaves are chosen respectively and are listed, economical character is measured（Plant height,
Maximum leaf length, maximum width of blade, leaves number）；
（3）75 days after tobacco leaf transplanting, chooses 3 plants of representative tobacco leaves and carry out destructive sampling, measure root system volume.
3. test result：
The testing result influenced on flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content of deep ploughing is as shown in table 1：
The influence that table 1 is deep ploughed to flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
。
As can be seen from Table 1, the test group each group of data by deep ploughing processing is significantly greater than control group, and test group plant height reaches
To 128.82cm, it is significantly higher than control group, the root volume ratio control group of test group is high by 23.8%, illustrates that tilling depth grows cigarette strain and sends out
Give birth to facilitation.
The testing result that water-retaining agent influences flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content is as shown in table 2：
Influence of 2 water-retaining agent of table to flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
。
According to table 2 as can be seen that water-retaining agent processing has a significant impact to soil moisture content tool, hence it is evident that improve test group
Soil moisture content, test group moisture content reaches 27.7%, while promoting root system development, and test group root system volume is
271.58cm3, illustrate that water-retaining agent processing promotes the development of root system.
The testing result that promoter influences flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content is as shown in table 3：
Influence of 3 promoter of table to flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
。
It can be obtained according to table 3, the addition of promoter is more apparent on root system influence, significantly increases root volume, tests
Group root volume reaches 170.54cm3, by promoting the development of root system, the raising for tobacco seedling growth and yield lays the first stone.
The testing result that the recessed ridge of duplicate rows influences flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content is as shown in table 4：
Influence of the recessed ridge of 4 duplicate rows of table to flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
。
By table 4 as it can be seen that the recessed ridge of duplicate rows promotes the growth and development of cigarette strain, plant height, leaf area and leaves number are increased；
In terms of soil moisture content, the soil moisture content of the recessed ridge cultivation of duplicate rows reaches 10.57%, reason is double higher than conventional single ridge cultivation
The recessed ridge collection rain effect of row is good, can make full use of natural rainfall, increases soil moisture content, and light rain becomes moderate rain, plays stronger
Water retention.
The testing result that uneven ridges influence flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content is as shown in table 5：
Influence of 5 uneven ridges of table to flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
。
It can be obtained according to table 5, the processing of test group promotes the growth and development of cigarette strain, and cigarette strain growing way is higher, reaches
119.32cm, leaf are grown in 65.54cm or so, are all higher than control group, while improving soil moisture content, increase cigarette strain root system body
Product promotes cigarette strain growth and development.
Improving straw mulching（Or it turns over）The testing result such as table 6 that flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content are influenced
It is shown：
6 improving straw mulching of table（Or it turns over）Influence to flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
。
As can be seen from Table 6, pass through improving straw mulching（Or it turns over）, cigarette strain growing way is preferable, and plant height is in 128.36cm, hence it is evident that high
In control group, the long leaf width of leaf is all higher than control group, while improving soil moisture content, test group moisture content 15.89% or so,
Root volume significantly increases, bigger than control group by 52.9%, contributes to the growth of cigarette strain.
Embodiment five：Global alignment tests
1. test material
The flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method of embodiment two and common cultivation method are subjected to global alignment's experiment, it is as follows：
Test group：The previous moon is transplanted to carrying out spring irrigation with planting crude opium, using micro spray irrigation, irrigation quantity 20m3/666.7m2；
The deep ploughing processing that transplanting carries out 30cm in first 15 days；When ridging, ridging is carried out according to the row spacing of 2.2m, cigarette strain line-spacing 120cm between ridge,
Spacing in the rows 60cm, the plantation of two row of big ridge, two row cigarettes are transplanted between two parties on ridge, and distance is 100cm, plow depth about 15cm's among ridge
Collecting gutter；Ridging is carried out according to the height of ridge body height 30cm, reaches 35cm after cultivation and banking, and according to 600kg/666.7m2
Amount carry out improving straw mulching；When transplanting, according to 3kg/666.7m2Amount, using the long-acting potassium type anti-drought water-retaining agent in the source of favour, according to
10kg/666.7m2Amount apply potassium fulvate, using being planted deeply under seedling film.
Control group：It is handled without spring irrigation and deep ploughing, ridge body is using conventional single ridge, and ridge body height 20cm, other are according to normal
Advise cultivation technique.
2. the same example IV of test method.
3. test result：
The testing result such as table 7 that flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method influences flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
It is shown：
Influence of the 7 flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method of table to flue-cured tobacco economical character, root volume and soil moisture content
。
As can be seen from Table 7, it is noticeably greater than according to the indices of the test group of this paper flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation methods
Control group, test group plant height reaches 129.32cm, and control group only has 111.43cm, especially in moisture content and root volume side
Face, significant difference, test group moisture content reach 25.84%, high compared with control group by 57.2%, and test group root volume reaches 259.89cm3,
It is high compared with control group by 53.4%, illustrate that this paper flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation methods significantly improve soil moisture content, increases cigarette strain root
Volume has apparent facilitation to cigarette strain growth and development.
The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with drawings and examples, still, those of skill in the art
Member is it is understood that without departing from the purpose of the present invention, can also carry out each design parameter in above-described embodiment
Change, forms multiple specific embodiments, is the common variation range of the present invention, is no longer described in detail one by one herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
（1）Spring irrigation：The previous moon is transplanted with 18~22m3/666.7m2Irrigation quantity to tobacco-growing soil carry out spring irrigation；
（2）Deep ploughing site preparation：14~16 days before transplanting, vega is deep ploughed；
（3）The recessed ridge ridging of duplicate rows：Using wide-narrow row planting, ridging is the recessed ridge of duplicate rows, is to plant cigarette row at wave crest, is water at trough
Ditch；Ridging width is 2.0~2.5m, 28~32cm of ridging height；Cigarette strain distance is 115~125cm between ridge；Two row flue-cured tobacco on ridge
Plant is transplanted between two parties, and two row cigarette strain spacing are 95~105cm, and colleague's cigarette strain spacing is 58~62cm；
（4）Water-retaining agent and promoter are applied in cigarette hole；
（5）Improving straw mulching or returning to the field：After ridging, wheat stalk is uniformly layered on the body of ridge or is turned on the body of ridge；
（6）According to cigarette district ecoclimate feature, transplanted using the method planted deeply under seedling film；
（7）Field management measure：It is carried out according to sound tobacco field management technology regulatory requirements.
2. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（1）In, it is described
The mode of spring irrigation is using sprinkling irrigation or micro spray irrigation.
3. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（2）In, it is described
The deep-controlled of deep ploughing is 28~32cm.
4. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（3）In, it is described
It is 30~35cm that ridging height controls after cultivation and banking.
5. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（3）In, it is described
The width control in ditch is 14~16cm.
6. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（4）In, it is described
Water-retaining agent is the long-acting potassium type anti-drought water-retaining agent in source of favour, and amount of application is 2.5~3.5kg/666.7m2。
7. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（4）In, it is described
Promoter is potassium fulvate, and amount of application is 8~12kg/666.7m2。
8. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（5）In, it is described
The amount of application control of wheat stalk is 550~650kg/666.7m2。
9. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（5）In, it is described
Wheat stalk teds 1~3 day before lay under burning sun.
10. flue-cured tobacco drought resisting and water saving cultivation method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step（6）In, institute
It is first fertilising, dispenser, grave mound after rewatering, again dispenser, last epiphragma to state method for transplanting.
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| CN111742806A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-09 | 云南省烟草公司红河州公司 | Tobacco seedling drought-resistant water-retention early-growing and fast-growing cultivation method |
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| CN113455322A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-10-01 | 菏泽学院 | Continuous cropping-resistant efficient cultivation method for facility cowpea |
| CN113615525A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-09 | 四川省烟草公司攀枝花市公司 | Cultivation method for improving root development of transplanted tobacco in mountainous area |
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| CN115843591A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-28 | 河北省农林科学院农业信息与经济研究所 | Covering material and method for improving soil fertility, reducing steam, saving water and preventing insects |
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