CN107969305A - A kind of anti drought cultivation method of Radix Codonopsis - Google Patents
A kind of anti drought cultivation method of Radix Codonopsis Download PDFInfo
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- CN107969305A CN107969305A CN201711176089.7A CN201711176089A CN107969305A CN 107969305 A CN107969305 A CN 107969305A CN 201711176089 A CN201711176089 A CN 201711176089A CN 107969305 A CN107969305 A CN 107969305A
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of medicine cultivation, and in particular to a kind of anti drought cultivation method of Radix Codonopsis, this method carry out as steps described below：Step 1 selection of land and site preparation, step 2 is applied fertilizer, step 3 seedling selects, step 4 transplanting method, step 5 field management, step 6 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, step 7 is excavated and step 8 is stored, when cultivating Radix Codonopsis, anti drought cultivation method using the present invention, being capable of Meteorological effect, improved beneficial to root yield, and take full advantage of light, heat, water, the natural resources such as soil, Chinese medicine growth is vigorous, anti-adversity ability, diseases and insect pests resistance further enhances, therefore pest and disease damage species survey and incidence accordingly reduce, Pesticide use number and usage amount are accordingly reduced, the root long of Radix Codonopsis can be significantly improved, root diameter, and then add top-quality product rate, so as to improve the commodity property of medicinal material.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of medicine cultivation, and in particular to a kind of anti drought cultivation method of Radix Codonopsis.
Background technology
The west of Gansu Province is Gansu or even Chinese medicine plantation, processing and the nursery base of whole nation maximum, at present, the cultivated area of Radix Codonopsis
Up to more than 50,000 mu.Radix Codonopsis gradeless and uniformly-priced goods, medicine materical crude slice are exported to all parts of the country, especially each coastal area.Also, quite a few Radix Codonopsis goes out
Mouth is gone abroad.However, the west of Gansu Province is influenced by drought repeatly in recent years so that its demand that the supply of Radix Codonopsis is much insufficient, this is exactly
The basic reason that Radix Codonopsis price remains high always.In order to reduce the present situation of unbalanced supply-demand, nowadays it is badly in need of probing into reduction drought
The technologies such as calamity harm, the cultivation and management for improving Radix Codonopsis yield, quality and condition.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problems of the prior art and deficiency, it is an object of the invention to provide the soil moisture conservation of one kind collection, increase
Temperature, management of weeds, the drought resisting method for transplanting for mitigating the Radix Codonopsis that disease is integrated.
The present invention provides following technical solution：
A kind of anti drought cultivation method of Radix Codonopsis, the cultural method carry out as steps described below：
Step 1 selection of land and site preparation：Selection is higher with region Kao Yin, physical features, draining is good, soil layer is deep, loose, draining is good,
Neutral or alkalescence sandy loam or sandy loam, thin leveling is harrowed by soil；
Step 2 is applied fertilizer：After preceding crop harvest, stubble-cleaning is ploughed deeply, suns the earth which has been ploughed up immediately, and mu applies farm manure 2500-3000kg, urine during deep ploughing
Plain 25-35kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 12-20kg, potassium chloride 3-6kg are as base manure；
Step 3 seedling selects：Seedling should select seedling age to reach 1 year, more than root long 10cm, the machine of more than root diameter 1.0-2.0mm
The seedling transplanting that tool damage is smaller, few lateral root and surface are smooth；
Step 4 transplanting method：1) mulch is selected：The white mulch of 30 centimetres of breadth；2) seedling earthing is put：, will by line-spacing 30cm unwrapping wire
Ground table soil scalps 5cm with flat shovel, forms a flat ditch of 30cm wide, native the right for uniformly lying in ditch will be shoveled, by seedling
For head towards right laid parallel, spacing in the rows 10cm, keeps symptom of a trend 1-2cm outside institute's unwrapping wire, after occupying a row, by seedling afterbody table mamoty 5-
8cm, uniform fold is on the seedling that front row is put, and by the symptom of a trend, the covering of seedling tail is sternly；3) mulch is covered：In the side vertical with flat ditch
To a depth 10cm is dug, the shallow ridges of long 30cm, one embedment of mulch presses, and mulch is while, tension mulch mutually neat with hanging wire, side
Draw side to be compacted mulch both sides with soil, prevent wind from uncovering；By line-spacing 30cm thread-changings, behind grade, put in the same direction
Second row seedling, and so on, complete the transplanting of appearing of Chinese medicine 30cm mulches；
Step 5 field management：1）Tillage and weeding：Weeding is loosened the soil after seedling all sprouts；Weeding is depending on careless feelings, no less than 3 times；2）In 7-
August Radix Codonopsis nutrient growth animated period, mu applies urea 10-15kg, another 1200 times of liquid of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, July after selecting rain
The first tenday period of a month proceed by foliage-spray top dressing, are sprayed 1 time every 20 days, even spray 3 times；
Step 6 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：1）Root rot：1. plough deeply improvement soil, applying organic manure；2. crop rotation；3. establish disease-free
Seed-plot, carrying out seed or seedling chemicals treatment, the seed chosen will carry out disinfection, and be soaked using 0.1% carbendazim hydrochloride liquid
Soak seed 30 minutes when kind l is small or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, vernalization after cleaning, nursery disinfection can use 50%
250ml/ mus of+50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of carbendazol wettable powder 2kg/ mus, is uniformly mixed in 100kg fine earths, and 2/3 medicine soil exists
Uniformly imposed on reference to site preparation in arable layer within 7-10 days before sowing, residue 1/3 imposes on surface after seed is spread, and rear paving 2cm is thin
Sand, during transplanting, selects the strong sprout of disease-free and injury-free mouth, is uniformly placed in seedling before plant and is mixed with 50% carbendazol wettable powder medicine
5-7 days in the wet soil of soil, rear transplanting；Chemical control, during seedling stage first meeting diseased plant, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 70% first
800 times of liquid sprays of base thiophanate wettable powder, it is 7-10 days 1 time, 2-3 times common；2）Rust：Early stage can with 15% triadimefon
1000 times of liquid spraying preventions of wet powder, every 7-10 days once, even spray 2-3 times；3）Purple root rot (Helicobasidium mompa)：Hanged with 40% carbendazim glue
300 times of processing soil of 500 times of liquid of agent or 25% carbendazol wettable powder, every square metre of pouring 5kg；Before transplanting, with bacterium more than 40%
Clever 300 times of colloidal suspending agent liquid immersion radix codonopsis root 30 minutes, is transplanted after slightly drying；4）Subterranean pest-insect：Rake a kind of farm tools is ploughed deeply after crop harvesting, and
Phoxim or chlopyrifos are uniformly admixed in the organic fertilizer of larger capacity by dosage, applied with reference to ploughing to apply fertilizer to the subsoil in arable layer；
5）Red spider：Mu is watered 50kg, or the 3000-5000 times of liquid spray of 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate with 48% chlorpyrifos ec 70-100ml
Mist is prevented；
Step 7 is excavated：1）Excavate the time：Radix Codonopsis excavation period is mid-October-early November, before soil frost；2）Excavation side
Method：It is climing first to slice off ginseng, during excavation it is ensured that Radix Codonopsis it is moist soft, to ensure that Radix Codonopsis root is complete, excavation first since rand,
Medication fork is ditched in rand patch Radix Codonopsis root, is then gradually dug inwards, to be saved ginseng root from damage, not be completely cured；
Step 8 is stored：It is stored in dry, ventilation, clean shady place.
Preferably, seedling cannot be placed in step 3 after seedling selection in wet soil by wisp during same day plant, overlying
Wet soil 5-10cm, puts 2-4 days.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：First, mulch width is appropriate, and the film-mulching cultivation of 30cm wide is exactly the strain under the cultivation technique
Line-spacing so that often the natural precipitation of row Radix Codonopsis can flow into soil by ground intermembrane space.Also, it ensure that appropriate ventilation is made
With improving the efficiency of Chinese medicine plant metabolism；2nd, mulch Meteorological effect, is improved beneficial to root yield；3rd, excavation side
Just, labour is saved；4th, Weed infestation is mitigated；5th, due to taking full advantage of the natural resources such as light, heat, water, soil, Chinese medicine life
Length is vigorous, and anti-adversity ability, diseases and insect pests resistance further enhance, therefore pest and disease damage species survey and incidence accordingly reduce, agriculture
Medicine access times and usage amount are accordingly reduced；6th, the present invention is very suitable for the cultivation of Radix Codonopsis so that Radix Codonopsis yield significantly carries
Height, by nearly 3 annual output to experimental plot（Fresh weight）Average data analysis shows：The Radix Codonopsis per mu yield cultivated using the present invention
487.5kg, and per mu yield 335.7kg is commonly planted, mu volume increase 151.8kg, rate of growth 45.2%, with common outdoor cropping
Mode is compared, and effect of increasing production is quite notable, and the present invention significantly improves root long, the root diameter of Radix Codonopsis, and then adds top-quality product rate,
So as to improve the commodity property of medicinal material.By the root long of testing experiment Tanaka's Radix Codonopsis, root diameter average data analysis shows：Adopt
Average root long 26.1cm, the root diameter 0.76cm for the Radix Codonopsis cultivated with the present invention, and the Radix Codonopsis of common outdoor cropping mode
Root long 23.4cm, root diameter 0.68cm.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 2014, the drought resisting that Radix Codonopsis has been carried out in the experimental plot at the Longxi County agricultural technology extension center of Longxi County are planted
Experiment and demonstration is trained, it is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step 1 selection of land and site preparation：Selection is higher with region Kao Yin, physical features, and draining is good, soil layer is deep, loose, neutral or micro- alkali
Property sandy loam or sandy loam, soil is harrowed into thin leveling；
Step 2 is applied fertilizer：After preceding crop harvest, stubble-cleaning is ploughed deeply, suns the earth which has been ploughed up immediately, and mu applies farm manure 2500kg, urea during deep ploughing
25kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 12kg, potassium chloride 3kg are as base manure；
Step 3 seedling selects：Seedling should select seedling age to reach 1 year, more than root long 10cm, the machinery damage of more than root diameter 1.0mm
The seedling transplanting that wound is smaller, few lateral root and surface are smooth, after seedling selection cannot same day plant to be heeled in, it is to plant to heel in
Seedling is placed in wet soil by wisp, overlying wet soil 5cm, is put 2 days；
Step 4 transplanting method：1) mulch is selected：The white mulch of 30 centimetres of breadth；2) seedling earthing is put：, will by line-spacing 30cm unwrapping wire
Ground table soil scalps 5cm with flat shovel, forms a flat ditch of 30cm wide, native the right for uniformly lying in ditch will be shoveled, by seedling
Head is towards right laid parallel, spacing in the rows 10cm, keeps symptom of a trend 1cm outside institute's unwrapping wire, after occupying a row, by seedling afterbody table mamoty 5cm,
It is even to be covered on the front-seat seedling put, the symptom of a trend, the covering of seedling tail is tight；3) mulch is covered：One is dug in the direction vertical with flat ditch
Deep 10cm, the shallow ridges of long 30cm, one embedment of mulch presses, while mutually neat with hanging wire, tension mulch, Bian Labian is used mulch
Mulch both sides are compacted by soil, prevent wind from uncovering；By line-spacing 30cm thread-changings, behind grade, second row is put in the same direction
Seedling, and so on, complete the transplanting of appearing of Chinese medicine 30cm mulches；
Step 5 field management：1）Tillage and weeding：Weeding is loosened the soil after seedling all sprouts；Weeding is depending on careless feelings, weeding 3 times；2）In 7-8
Month Radix Codonopsis nutrient growth animated period, mu applies urea 10kg, another 1200 times of liquid of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, in early July after selecting rain
Foliage-spray top dressing is proceeded by, was sprayed 1 time every 20 days, even spray 3 times；
Step 6 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：1）Root rot：1. plough deeply improvement soil, applying organic manure；2. crop rotation；3. establish disease-free
Seed-plot, carrying out seed or seedling chemicals treatment, the seed chosen will carry out disinfection, and be soaked using 0.1% carbendazim hydrochloride liquid
Soak seed 30 minutes when kind l is small or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, vernalization after cleaning, nursery disinfection can use 50%
250ml/ mus of+50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of carbendazol wettable powder 2kg/ mus, is uniformly mixed in 100kg fine earths, and 2/3 medicine soil exists
Uniformly imposed on reference to site preparation in arable layer within 7 days before sowing, residue 1/3 imposes on surface after seed is spread, rear to spread 2cm fine sands, moves
During cultivation, the strong sprout of disease-free and injury-free mouth is selected, seedling is uniformly placed in before plant and is mixed with native wet of 50% carbendazol wettable powder medicine
5 days in soil, rear transplanting；Chemical control, during seedling stage first meeting diseased plant, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 70% thiophanate methyl
800 times of liquid sprays of wettable powder, 7 days 1 time, totally 3 times；2）Rust：1000 times of 15% triadimefon wettable powder of early stage
Liquid spraying prevention, every 7 days once, even spray 3 times；3）Purple root rot (Helicobasidium mompa)：With 40% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 500 times of liquid or 25% carbendazim
300 times of processing soil of wettable powder, every square metre of pouring 5kg；Before transplanting, with 40% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 300 times of liquid immersion parties
Join root 30 minutes, transplanted after slightly drying；4）Subterranean pest-insect：Rake a kind of farm tools is ploughed deeply after crop harvesting, and by phoxim or chlopyrifos by use
Amount is uniformly admixed in the organic fertilizer of larger capacity, is applied with reference to ploughing to apply fertilizer to the subsoil in arable layer；5）Red spider：Mu is poisoned with poison with 48%
Tick missible oil 70ml is watered 50kg, or 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid spraying preventions；
Step 7 is excavated：1）Excavate the time：Radix Codonopsis excavation period is mid-October-early November, before soil frost；2）Excavation side
Method：It is climing first to slice off ginseng, during excavation it is ensured that Radix Codonopsis it is moist soft, to ensure that Radix Codonopsis root is complete, excavation first since rand,
Medication fork is ditched in rand patch Radix Codonopsis root, is then gradually dug inwards, to be saved ginseng root from damage, not be completely cured；
Step 8 is stored：It is stored in dry, ventilation, clean shady place.
Survey production the result shows that, the present invention is very suitable for the cultivation of Radix Codonopsis so that Radix Codonopsis yield increases substantially, by examination
Test the yield in field（Fresh weight）Average data analysis shows：The Radix Codonopsis per mu yield 468.5kg cultivated using the present invention, and commonly plant mu
Production 316.2, mu volume increase 152.3kg, rate of growth 48.2%, compared with common outdoor cropping mode, effect of increasing production is quite aobvious
Write, the present invention significantly improves root long, the root diameter of Radix Codonopsis, and then adds top-quality product rate, so as to improve the commodity of medicinal material
Shape.By the root long of testing experiment Tanaka's Radix Codonopsis, root diameter average data analysis shows：The Radix Codonopsis cultivated using the present invention is put down
Equal root long 25.3cm, root diameter 0.75cm, and the root long 22.8cm of the Radix Codonopsis of common outdoor cropping mode, root diameter
0.68cm。
Embodiment 2
Embodiment 2015, the drought resisting that Radix Codonopsis has been carried out in the experimental plot at the Longxi County agricultural technology extension center of Longxi County are planted
Experiment and demonstration is trained, it is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step 1 selection of land and site preparation：Selection is higher with region Kao Yin, physical features, and soil layer is deep, loose, draining is good, neutral or micro- alkali
Property sandy loam or sandy loam, soil is harrowed into thin leveling；
Step 2 is applied fertilizer：After preceding crop harvest, stubble-cleaning is ploughed deeply, suns the earth which has been ploughed up immediately, and mu applies farm manure 2800kg, urea during deep ploughing
30kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 15kg, potassium chloride 5kg are as base manure；
Step 3 seedling selects：Seedling should select seedling age to reach 1 year, more than root long 10cm, the machinery damage of more than root diameter 2.0mm
The seedling transplanting that wound is smaller, few lateral root and surface are smooth, after seedling selection cannot same day plant to be heeled in, it is to plant to heel in
Seedling is placed in wet soil by wisp, overlying wet soil 10cm, is put 4 days；
Step 4 transplanting method：1) mulch is selected：The white mulch of 30 centimetres of breadth；2) seedling earthing is put：, will by line-spacing 30cm unwrapping wire
Ground table soil scalps 5cm with flat shovel, forms a flat ditch of 30cm wide, native the right for uniformly lying in ditch will be shoveled, by seedling
Head is towards right laid parallel, spacing in the rows 10cm, keeps symptom of a trend 2cm outside institute's unwrapping wire, after occupying a row, by seedling afterbody table mamoty 8cm,
It is even to be covered on the front-seat seedling put, the symptom of a trend, the covering of seedling tail is tight；3) mulch is covered：One is dug in the direction vertical with flat ditch
Deep 10cm, the shallow ridges of long 30cm, one embedment of mulch presses, while mutually neat with hanging wire, tension mulch, Bian Labian is used mulch
Mulch both sides are compacted by soil, prevent wind from uncovering；By line-spacing 30cm thread-changings, behind grade, second row is put in the same direction
Seedling, and so on, complete the transplanting of appearing of Chinese medicine 30cm mulches；
Step 5 field management：1）Tillage and weeding：Weeding is loosened the soil after seedling all sprouts；Weeding is depending on careless feelings, weeding 2 times；2）In 7-8
Month Radix Codonopsis nutrient growth animated period, mu applies urea 15kg, another 1200 times of liquid of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, in early July after selecting rain
Foliage-spray top dressing is proceeded by, was sprayed 1 time every 20 days, even spray 3 times；
Step 6 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：1）Root rot：1. plough deeply improvement soil, applying organic manure；2. crop rotation；3. establish disease-free
Seed-plot, carrying out seed or seedling chemicals treatment, the seed chosen will carry out disinfection, and be soaked using 0.1% carbendazim hydrochloride liquid
Soak seed 30 minutes when kind l is small or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, vernalization after cleaning, nursery disinfection can use 50%
250ml/ mus of+50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of carbendazol wettable powder 2kg/ mus, is uniformly mixed in 100kg fine earths, and 2/3 medicine soil exists
Uniformly imposed on reference to site preparation in arable layer within 7-10 days before sowing, residue 1/3 imposes on surface after seed is spread, and rear paving 2cm is thin
Sand, during transplanting, selects the strong sprout of disease-free and injury-free mouth, is uniformly placed in seedling before plant and is mixed with 50% carbendazol wettable powder medicine
7 days in the wet soil of soil, rear transplanting；Chemical control, during seedling stage first meeting diseased plant, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 70% methyl
800 times of liquid sprays of thiophanate wettable powder, 10 days 1 time, totally 2 times；2）Rust：15% triadimefon wettable powder of early stage
1000 times of liquid spraying preventions of agent, every 10 days once, even spray 3 times；3）Purple root rot (Helicobasidium mompa)：With 40% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 500 times of liquid or
25% 300 times of carbendazol wettable powder handles soil, every square metre of pouring 5kg；Before transplanting, with 40% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent 300
Times liquid immersion radix codonopsis root 30 minutes, is transplanted after slightly drying；4）Subterranean pest-insect：Plough deeply rake a kind of farm tools after crop harvesting, and by phoxim or
Chlopyrifos is uniformly admixed in the organic fertilizer of larger capacity by dosage, is applied with reference to ploughing to apply fertilizer to the subsoil in arable layer；5）Red spider：Mu
50kg, or 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 5000 times of liquid spraying preventions are watered with 48% chlorpyrifos ec 100ml；
Step 7 is excavated：1）Excavate the time：Radix Codonopsis excavation period is mid-October-early November, before soil frost；2）Excavation side
Method：It is climing first to slice off ginseng, during excavation it is ensured that Radix Codonopsis it is moist soft, to ensure that Radix Codonopsis root is complete, excavation first since rand,
Medication fork is ditched in rand patch Radix Codonopsis root, is then gradually dug inwards, to be saved ginseng root from damage, not be completely cured；
Step 8 is stored：It is stored in dry, ventilation, clean shady place.
Survey production the result shows that, the present invention is very suitable for the cultivation of Radix Codonopsis so that Radix Codonopsis yield increases substantially, by examination
Test the yield average data analysis shows in field：The Radix Codonopsis per mu yield 502.8kg cultivated using the present invention, and commonly plant per mu yield
338.5kg, mu volume increase 164.3g, rate of growth 48.5%, compared with common outdoor cropping mode, effect of increasing production is quite aobvious
Write, the present invention significantly improves root long, the root diameter of Radix Codonopsis, and then adds top-quality product rate, so as to improve the commodity of medicinal material
Shape.By the root long of testing experiment Tanaka's Radix Codonopsis, root diameter average data analysis shows：The Radix Codonopsis cultivated using the present invention is put down
Equal root long 26.9cm, root diameter 0.77cm, and the root long 23.2cm of the Radix Codonopsis of common outdoor cropping mode, root diameter
0.72cm。
Embodiment 3
Embodiment 2016, the drought resisting that Radix Codonopsis has been carried out in the experimental plot at the Longxi County agricultural technology extension center of Longxi County are planted
Experiment and demonstration is trained, it is concretely comprised the following steps：
Step 1 selection of land and site preparation：Selection is higher with region Kao Yin, physical features, and draining is good, soil layer is deep, loose, neutral or micro- alkali
Property sandy loam or sandy loam, soil is harrowed into thin leveling；
Step 2 is applied fertilizer：After preceding crop harvest, stubble-cleaning is ploughed deeply, suns the earth which has been ploughed up immediately, and mu applies farm manure 3000kg, urea during deep ploughing
32kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 20kg, potassium chloride 5kg are as base manure；
Step 3 seedling selects：Seedling should select seedling age to reach 1 year, more than root long 10cm, the machinery damage of more than root diameter 1.5mm
The seedling transplanting that wound is smaller, few lateral root and surface are smooth, after seedling selection cannot same day plant to be heeled in, it is to plant to heel in
Seedling is placed in wet soil by wisp, overlying wet soil 8cm, is put 3 days；
Step 4 transplanting method：1) mulch is selected：The white mulch of 30 centimetres of breadth；2) seedling earthing is put：, will by line-spacing 30cm unwrapping wire
Ground table soil scalps 5cm with flat shovel, forms a flat ditch of 30cm wide, native the right for uniformly lying in ditch will be shoveled, by seedling
Head is towards right laid parallel, spacing in the rows 10cm, keeps symptom of a trend 1.5cm outside institute's unwrapping wire, after occupying a row, by seedling afterbody table mamoty 7cm,
Uniform fold is on the seedling that front row is put, and by the symptom of a trend, the covering of seedling tail is sternly；3) mulch is covered：Dug in the direction vertical with flat ditch
One depth 10cm, the shallow ridges of long 30cm, one embedment of mulch presses, and mulch is while, tension mulch mutually neat with hanging wire, Bian Labian
Mulch both sides are compacted with soil, prevent wind from uncovering；By line-spacing 30cm thread-changings, behind grade, second is put in the same direction
Seeding seedling, and so on, complete the transplanting of appearing of Chinese medicine 30cm mulches；
Step 5 field management：1）Tillage and weeding：Weeding is loosened the soil after seedling all sprouts；Weeding is depending on careless feelings, weeding 3 times；2）In 7-8
Month Radix Codonopsis nutrient growth animated period, mu applies urea 13kg, another 1200 times of liquid of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, in early July after selecting rain
Foliage-spray top dressing is proceeded by, was sprayed 1 time every 20 days, even spray 3 times；
Step 6 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：1）Root rot：1. plough deeply improvement soil, applying organic manure；2. crop rotation；3. establish disease-free
Seed-plot, carrying out seed or seedling chemicals treatment, the seed chosen will carry out disinfection, and be soaked using 0.1% carbendazim hydrochloride liquid
Soak seed 30 minutes when kind l is small or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, vernalization after cleaning, nursery disinfection can use 50%
250ml/ mus of+50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of carbendazol wettable powder 2kg/ mus, is uniformly mixed in 100kg fine earths, and 2/3 medicine soil exists
Uniformly imposed on reference to site preparation in arable layer within 8 days before sowing, residue 1/3 imposes on surface after seed is spread, rear to spread 2cm fine sands, moves
During cultivation, the strong sprout of disease-free and injury-free mouth is selected, seedling is uniformly placed in before plant and is mixed with native wet of 50% carbendazol wettable powder medicine
6 days in soil, rear transplanting；Chemical control, during seedling stage first meeting diseased plant, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 70% thiophanate methyl
800 times of liquid sprays of wettable powder, 8 days 1 time, totally 2 times；2）Rust：1000 times of 15% triadimefon wettable powder of early stage
Liquid spraying prevention, every 8 days once, even spray 3 times；3）Purple root rot (Helicobasidium mompa)：With 40% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 500 times of liquid or 25% carbendazim
300 times of processing soil of wettable powder, every square metre of pouring 5kg；Before transplanting, with 40% carbendazim colloidal suspending agent, 300 times of liquid immersion parties
Join root 30 minutes, transplanted after slightly drying；4）Subterranean pest-insect：Rake a kind of farm tools is ploughed deeply after crop harvesting, and by phoxim or chlopyrifos by use
Amount is uniformly admixed in the organic fertilizer of larger capacity, is applied with reference to ploughing to apply fertilizer to the subsoil in arable layer；5）Red spider：Mu is poisoned with poison with 48%
Tick missible oil 70-100ml is watered 50kg, or 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid spraying preventions；
Step 7 is excavated：1）Excavate the time：Radix Codonopsis excavation period is mid-October-early November, before soil frost；2）Excavation side
Method：It is climing first to slice off ginseng, during excavation it is ensured that Radix Codonopsis it is moist soft, to ensure that Radix Codonopsis root is complete, excavation first since rand,
Medication fork is ditched in rand patch Radix Codonopsis root, is then gradually dug inwards, to be saved ginseng root from damage, not be completely cured；
Step 8 is stored：It is stored in dry, ventilation, clean shady place.
Survey production the result shows that, the present invention is very suitable for the cultivation of Radix Codonopsis so that Radix Codonopsis yield increases substantially, by examination
Test the yield average data analysis shows in field：The Radix Codonopsis per mu yield 491.1kg cultivated using the present invention, and commonly plant per mu yield
352.3kg, mu volume increase 138.8kg, rate of growth 39.4%, compared with common outdoor cropping mode, effect of increasing production is quite aobvious
Write, the present invention significantly improves root long, the root diameter of Radix Codonopsis, and then adds top-quality product rate, so as to improve the commodity of medicinal material
Shape.By the root long of testing experiment Tanaka's Radix Codonopsis, root diameter average data analysis shows：The Radix Codonopsis cultivated using the present invention is put down
Equal root long 26.1cm, root diameter 0.76cm, and the root long 24.1cm of the Radix Codonopsis of common outdoor cropping mode, root diameter
0.65cm。
Claims (2)
1. a kind of anti drought cultivation method of Radix Codonopsis, the cultural method carry out as steps described below：
Step 1 selection of land and site preparation：Selection is higher with region Kao Yin, physical features, and draining is good, soil layer is deep, loose, neutral or micro- alkali
Property sandy loam or sandy loam, soil is harrowed into thin leveling；
Step 2 is applied fertilizer：After preceding crop harvest, stubble-cleaning is ploughed deeply, suns the earth which has been ploughed up immediately, and mu applies farm manure 2500-3000kg, urine during deep ploughing
Plain 25-35kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 12-20kg, potassium chloride 3-6kg are as base manure；
Step 3 seedling selects：Seedling should select seedling age to reach 1 year, more than root long 10cm, the machine of more than root diameter 1.0-2.0mm
The seedling transplanting that tool damage is smaller, few lateral root and surface are smooth；
Step 4 transplanting method：1) mulch is selected：The white mulch of 30 centimetres of breadth；2) seedling earthing is put：, will by line-spacing 30cm unwrapping wire
Ground table soil scalps 5cm with flat shovel, forms a flat ditch of 30cm wide, native the right for uniformly lying in ditch will be shoveled, by seedling
For head towards right laid parallel, spacing in the rows 10cm, keeps symptom of a trend 1-2cm outside institute's unwrapping wire, after occupying a row, by seedling afterbody table mamoty 5-
8cm, uniform fold is on the seedling that front row is put, and by the symptom of a trend, the covering of seedling tail is sternly；3) mulch is covered：In the side vertical with flat ditch
To a depth 10cm is dug, the shallow ridges of long 30cm, one embedment of mulch presses, and mulch is while, tension mulch mutually neat with hanging wire, side
Draw side to be compacted mulch both sides with soil, prevent wind from uncovering；By line-spacing 30cm thread-changings, behind grade, put in the same direction
Second row seedling, and so on, complete the transplanting of appearing of Chinese medicine 30cm mulches；
Step 5 field management：1）Tillage and weeding：Weeding is loosened the soil after seedling all sprouts；Weeding is depending on careless feelings, no less than 3 times；2）In 7-
August Radix Codonopsis nutrient growth animated period, mu applies urea 10-15kg, another 1200 times of liquid of phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, July after selecting rain
The first tenday period of a month proceed by foliage-spray top dressing, are sprayed 1 time every 20 days, even spray 3 times；
Step 6 prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：1）Root rot：1. plough deeply improvement soil, applying organic manure；2. crop rotation；3. establish disease-free
Seed-plot, carrying out seed or seedling chemicals treatment, the seed chosen will carry out disinfection, and be soaked using 0.1% carbendazim hydrochloride liquid
Soak seed 30 minutes when kind l is small or with 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid, vernalization after cleaning, nursery disinfection can use 50%
250ml/ mus of+50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate of carbendazol wettable powder 2kg/ mus, is uniformly mixed in 100kg fine earths, and 2/3 medicine soil exists
Uniformly imposed on reference to site preparation in arable layer within 7-10 days before sowing, residue 1/3 imposes on surface after seed is spread, and rear paving 2cm is thin
Sand, during transplanting, selects the strong sprout of disease-free and injury-free mouth, is uniformly placed in seedling before plant and is mixed with 50% carbendazol wettable powder
5-7 days in the wet soil of medicine soil, rear transplanting；Chemical control, during seedling stage first meeting diseased plant, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder or 70%
800 times of liquid sprays of thiophanate methyl wettable powder, it is 7-10 days 1 time, 2-3 times common；2）Rust：15% triadimefon of early stage
1000 times of liquid spraying preventions of wettable powder, every 7-10 days once, even spray 2-3 times；3）Purple root rot (Helicobasidium mompa)：With 40% carbendazim glue
300 times of processing soil of 500 times of liquid of suspension or 25% carbendazol wettable powder, every square metre of pouring 5kg；Before transplanting, 40% can be used
300 times of carbendazim colloidal suspending agent liquid immersion radix codonopsis root 30 minutes, is transplanted after slightly drying；4）Subterranean pest-insect：Rake is ploughed deeply after crop harvesting
A kind of farm tools, and phoxim or chlopyrifos are uniformly admixed in the organic fertilizer of larger capacity by dosage, apply farming with reference to ploughing to apply fertilizer to the subsoil
In layer；5）Red spider：Mu is watered 50kg, or 3000-5000 times of 1.8% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate with 48% chlorpyrifos ec 70-100ml
Liquid spraying prevention；
Step 7 is excavated：1）Excavate the time：Radix Codonopsis excavation period is mid-October-early November, before soil frost；2）Excavation side
Method：It is climing first to slice off ginseng, during excavation it is ensured that Radix Codonopsis it is moist soft, to ensure that Radix Codonopsis root is complete, excavation first since rand,
Medication fork is ditched in rand patch Radix Codonopsis root, is then gradually dug inwards, to be saved ginseng root from damage, not be completely cured；
Step 8 is stored：It is stored in dry, ventilation, clean shady place.
2. a kind of anti drought cultivation method of Radix Codonopsis as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step 6 is covered in kind
Wet soil thickness on seedling is 5-10cm.
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Application publication date: 20180501 |