CN109258342A - A kind of growth of watermelon method - Google Patents
A kind of growth of watermelon method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109258342A CN109258342A CN201811144222.5A CN201811144222A CN109258342A CN 109258342 A CN109258342 A CN 109258342A CN 201811144222 A CN201811144222 A CN 201811144222A CN 109258342 A CN109258342 A CN 109258342A
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- watermelon
- seedling
- growth
- melon
- temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of growth of watermelon methods, comprising the following steps: cultivates high quality seedling, cultivates high quality seedling the following steps are included: variety selection, selection is precocious, disease resistance is strong, the variety of watermelon of harvesting high-quality high-yield, premature senescence resistance Long term cultivation；Heat preservation, control watermelon seedling growth temperature are 21 DEG C, must not be lower than 15 DEG C, in order to provide suitable growth temperature to seedling, seedbed need to be laid with heating wire, spacing 8cm, it takes plastic film mulching, double small arched shed epiphragma and greenhouse epiphragma to heat measure simultaneously, uses boiler temperature-increasing when necessary.A kind of growth of watermelon method of the present invention, firstly, temperature when guaranteeing growth of seedling, less seedling disease rate, secondly, meeting temperature condition needed for watermelon growing, it can do sth. in advance Time To Market simultaneously, finally, can not only reduce water consumption, but also labor efficiency can be improved, improve the interior quality of watermelon, simple and practical, effect is very good, brings better prospect of the application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to growth of watermelon field, in particular to a kind of growth of watermelon method.
Background technique
Watermelon is the fruit of summer, and pulp is sweet, can cool down and drive away summer heat, and seed oil-containing can make pastime food, and pericarp is medicinal,
There is the benefits of heat-clearing, diuresis, blood pressure lowering, with the universal expansion with cultivated area of national greenhouse watermelon cultivation technology, Gua Nongxi
Bigger income can be obtained in limited greenhouse investment by hoping；
There are certain drawbacks in existing growth of watermelon method, owe in seed selection, plantation and the level of management aspect when in use
It lacks and experience is insufficient, lead to the watermelon for being difficult to plant out good quality and high output, (1) cannot control temperature well in nursery, be lower than
15 DEG C of watermelon seedling slow growths and sprout term disease is easily broken out, while plantation yield later is lower, influences yield；(2), existing
Growth of watermelon method cannot control the temperature of watermelon growing, so that the delayed growth of watermelon, influences west in plantation well
The Time To Market of melon；(3), it when existing growth of watermelon, needs to cover watermelon seedling using mulch, the fertilising in later period is difficult western
Melon absorbs, for this purpose, a kind of it is proposed that growth of watermelon method.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of growth of watermelon methods, can effectively solve asking in background technique
Topic.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of growth of watermelon method, comprising the following steps:
(1), high quality seedling is cultivated；
(2), field planting in due course；
(3), field management；
(4), timely collecting.
Preferably, the step (1) cultivate high quality seedling the following steps are included:
(1.1), variety selection, selection is precocious, disease resistance is strong, the watermelon product of harvesting high-quality high-yield, premature senescence resistance Long term cultivation
Kind；
(1.2), it keeping the temperature, control watermelon seedling growth temperature is 22~25 DEG C, must not be lower than 15 DEG C, and seedbed is laid with heating wire,
5~10cm of spacing, while plastic film mulching, double small arched shed epiphragma and greenhouse epiphragma being taken to heat measure, increased when necessary using boiler
Temperature；
(1.3), add lustre to, when temperature drift, when insufficient light easily causes watermelon seedling excessive growth, must be using manually adding lustre to；
(1.4), it controls wet, timely mulch inside is aerated according to humidity and moisturizing.
Preferably, the step (2) in due course field planting the following steps are included:
(2.1), transplanting in due course, selection is irrigated and drainage condition convenient planting site, selects robust plant, well developed root system
Rice shoot, two leaves wholeheartedly when transplant, rob fine day transplanting；
(2.2), field planting method, two furrow of greenhouse gardening keep melon climing to climbing, spacing in the rows 60~70cm, every 667m2Field planting
250-300 plants；
(2.3), two films cover, and using outer surface buckle greenhouse, the planting type of ground mulching mulch, the installation of greenhouse both ends can be with
Mobile envelope canopy film, when early stage low temperature, can take the measure for closing canopy.
Preferably, in the step (3) field management the following steps are included:
(3.1), it prunes, carries out three climing trainings, stay a main stem and two lateral bines, training is diligent before bearing fruit, and controls side shoot
Growth；
(3.2), it pollinates, because of early spring low temperature and less sunshine, is not easy to bear fruit, artificial pollination is main Pollination Modes, while appropriate
Ground use is beared fruit clever supple-mentary pollination, is advisable with the female flower pollination that the 12nd section is later；
(3.3), melon is selected and remain, when watermelon grows to egg size, fruit shape is not straight, section is too low watermelon is removed, and is stayed
The straight watermelon of one fruit shape；
(3.4), fertilizer and water management: under-film drip irrigation system is used, base manure is used sufficient before field planting, every 667 square metres are applied decomposed vegetable seed
200 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 45% 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer, when transplanting, with after fermentation oil cake water, micro- benefit energy with
Compound fertilizer makees root water, one week of transplanting backsight seedling growth add a fertilizer, apply one suddenly when fruit egg size
Secondary fruit-promoting fertilizer is picked first 15 days in first melon and applies a relay fertilizer；
(3.5), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: diluting liquid irrigating root with 50% carbendazim and alphamethrin when transplanting, white to prevent
Based on powder disease, timely ventilation dewetting is paid attention to, reduce humidity and temperature control in canopy, suitably spray 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granular
1000 times of liquid of agent, watermelon are beared fruit front and back, and to prevent based on watermelon grafting, wet down of divulging information suitably sprays the suspension of 25% kresoxim-methyl
10 times of liquid of agent, as the temperature rises, the main harm for preventing red spider, in transplanting with oil cake fermentation liquid irrigating root；It is red when finding
It when spider endangers, is sprayed with 10.5% AVM hereinafter Damanling suspension agent, 1500~3000 times of liquid, is spaced 7~10 days and sprays 1 time, May
The middle ten days and the last ten days mainly prevents the harm of aphid, when determining root with 25% Diacloden, 3000~4000 times of liquid irrigating roots；When discovery aphid is
It when evil, is sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1000~2000 times of liquid, is spaced 7~10 days and sprays 1 time.
Preferably, in the step (4), watermelon, which harvests first 10 days, avoids fertilising, watering, spray, can adopt in one season of greenhouse watermelon
4~5 batches are received, because temperature early period is lower, first melon maturation time is longer, 35~40 days maturations；Second batch melon 30~33 days at
It is ripe；The middle and late growth stage, when temperature reaches 33 DEG C, 20~25 days maturations of watermelon, harvesting when avoiding high temperature at noon.
Preferably, in the step (3.3), Watermelon Fruit is long arrive the rim of a bowl size to teacup when, increase canopy film, i.e. side two
Two canopy of canopy addition, two canopy additions, three canopy spray the foliar fertilizer containing boron and calcium, such as continuous sombre weather, the mulch of 1.2m wide,
48-52m is one section, is covered in greenhouse column two sides watermelon and sits on the blade face in melon region, removes after becoming a fine day, in watermelon seventy percent
When ripe, need suitably retain by control rich water come prevention and control the melon wooden fork that the later period grows from base portion, melon front is more when pinching
Blade is stayed, 2~3 leaves on melon seedling are picked up with the small plastic grip of Grafted Watermelon, melon leaf is allowed to cover watermelon.
Preferably, in the step (1.4), in seedling stage, 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder periodically should be sprayed to seedbed
1500 times of pre- disease preventions of liquid of 1000 times of liquid of agent or 99% hymexazol raw medicine, Seedling Stage do not need top dressing, depending on melon seedling situation, such as
Melon seedling is thin and weak, can carry out foliage spray with 0.2% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the diffusion that can effectively prevent moisture using the covering of four films, when playing the role of moisturizing, while guaranteeing growth of seedling
Temperature, less seedling disease rate；
2, using outer surface buckle greenhouse, transportable envelope canopy film is installed at the planting type of ground mulching mulch, greenhouse both ends,
The measure for closing canopy can be taken when early stage low temperature, with temperature condition needed for meeting watermelon growing, while when can list ahead of time
Between；
3, using under-film drip irrigation system, it is laid with drip irrigation zone in furrow face, realizes rich water integrated management, rich water makes to support with applying
Divide and directly penetrate into around plant root, can not only reduce water consumption, but also labor efficiency can be improved；
4,2~3 leaves on melon seedling are picked up with the small plastic grip of Grafted Watermelon, allows melon leaf to cover watermelon, makes watermelon
The not only swollen fruit of health under the cool place of blade, and color of the leather is good, while improving the interior quality of watermelon, simple and practical, effect
It is very good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that a kind of growth of watermelon method of the present invention makes overall structure flow chart.
Specific embodiment
To be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, below with reference to
Specific embodiment, the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
(1), cultivate high quality seedling, cultivate high quality seedling the following steps are included:
(1.1), variety selection, selection is precocious, disease resistance is strong, the watermelon product of harvesting high-quality high-yield, premature senescence resistance Long term cultivation
Kind；
(1.2), it keeps the temperature, control watermelon seedling growth temperature is 21 DEG C, must not be lower than 15 DEG C, is suitable for provide to seedling
Growth temperature, seedbed need to be laid with heating wire, spacing 8cm, while plastic film mulching, double small arched shed epiphragma and greenhouse epiphragma being taken to heat
Measure uses boiler temperature-increasing when necessary；
(1.3), add lustre to, when temperature drift, when insufficient light easily causes watermelon seedling excessive growth, must be using manually adding lustre to；
(1.4), control is wet, is timely aerated to mulch inside according to humidity and moisturizing in seedling stage should be periodically to seedbed
1500 times of pre- disease preventions of liquid of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 99% hymexazol raw medicine are sprayed, Seedling Stage is not
Top dressing is needed, depending on melon seedling situation, if melon seedling is thin and weak, foliage spray can be carried out with 0.2% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
(2), in due course field planting, in due course field planting the following steps are included:
(2.1), transplanting in due course, selection is irrigated and drainage condition convenient planting site, selects robust plant, well developed root system
Rice shoot, two leaves wholeheartedly when transplant, rob fine day transplanting；
(2.2), field planting method, two furrow of greenhouse gardening keep melon climing to climbing, spacing in the rows 65cm, every 667m2300 plants of field planting；
(2.3), two films cover, and using outer surface buckle greenhouse, the planting type of ground mulching mulch, the installation of greenhouse both ends can be with
Mobile envelope canopy film, when early stage low temperature, can take the measure for closing canopy；
(3), field management, field management the following steps are included:
(3.1), it prunes, carries out three climing trainings, stay a main stem and two lateral bines, training is diligent before bearing fruit, and controls side shoot
Growth；
(3.2), it pollinates, because of early spring low temperature and less sunshine, is not easy to bear fruit, artificial pollination is main Pollination Modes, while appropriate
Ground use is beared fruit clever supple-mentary pollination, is advisable with the female flower pollination that the 12nd section is later；
(3.3), melon is selected and remain, when watermelon grows to egg size, fruit shape is not straight, section is too low watermelon is removed, and is stayed
The straight watermelon of one fruit shape, Watermelon Fruit is long arrive the rim of a bowl size to teacup when, increase canopy film, i.e. two canopy addition of side, two canopy,
Two canopy additions, three canopy sprays the foliar fertilizer containing boron and calcium, can alleviate to a certain degree and split melon, such as continuous sombre weather, 1.2m
Wide mulch, 50m are one section, are covered in greenhouse column two sides watermelon and sit on the blade face in melon region, remove after becoming a fine day, in west
When melon medium well, need suitably retain by control rich water come prevention and control the melon wooden fork that the later period grows from base portion, when pinching before melon
Blade is stayed in position more, picks up 3 leaves on melon seedling with the small plastic grip of Grafted Watermelon, melon leaf is allowed to cover watermelon；
(3.4), fertilizer and water management: under-film drip irrigation system is used, base manure is used sufficient before field planting, every 667 square metres are applied decomposed vegetable seed
200 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 45% 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer, when transplanting, with after fermentation oil cake water, micro- benefit energy with
Compound fertilizer makees root water, one week of transplanting backsight seedling growth add a fertilizer, apply one suddenly when fruit egg size
Secondary fruit-promoting fertilizer is picked first 15 days in first melon and applies a relay fertilizer；
(3.5), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: diluting liquid irrigating root with 50% carbendazim and alphamethrin when transplanting, white to prevent
Based on powder disease, timely ventilation dewetting is paid attention to, reduce humidity and temperature control in canopy, suitably spray 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granular
1000 times of liquid of agent, watermelon are beared fruit front and back, and to prevent based on watermelon grafting, wet down of divulging information suitably sprays the suspension of 25% kresoxim-methyl
10 times of liquid of agent, as the temperature rises, the main harm for preventing red spider, in transplanting with oil cake fermentation liquid irrigating root；It is red when finding
It when spider endangers, is sprayed with 10.5% AVM hereinafter Damanling suspension agent, 2500 times of liquid, is spaced 8 days and sprays 1 time, mid or late May is main
The harm for preventing aphid, when determining root with 25% Diacloden, 3500 times of liquid irrigating roots；When finding that aphid is caused harm, with 10% imidacloprid
1500 times of liquid of wettable powder spray, and are spaced 8 days and spray 1 time；
(4), timely collecting, watermelon, which harvests first 10 days, avoids fertilising, watering, spray, can harvest 5 batches in one season of greenhouse watermelon, because
Early period, temperature was lower, first melon maturation time is longer, 40 days maturations；30 days maturations of second batch melon；The middle and late growth stage works as temperature
When reaching 33 DEG C, 25 days maturations of watermelon, harvesting when avoiding high temperature at noon.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
(1), cultivate high quality seedling, cultivate high quality seedling the following steps are included:
(1.1), variety selection, selection is precocious, disease resistance is strong, the watermelon product of harvesting high-quality high-yield, premature senescence resistance Long term cultivation
Kind；
(1.2), it keeps the temperature, control watermelon seedling growth temperature is 23 DEG C, must not be lower than 15 DEG C, is suitable for provide to seedling
Growth temperature, seedbed need to be laid with heating wire, spacing 8cm, while plastic film mulching, double small arched shed epiphragma and greenhouse epiphragma being taken to heat
Measure uses boiler temperature-increasing when necessary；
(1.3), add lustre to, when temperature drift, when insufficient light easily causes watermelon seedling excessive growth, must be using manually adding lustre to；
(1.4), control is wet, is timely aerated to mulch inside according to humidity and moisturizing in seedling stage should be periodically to seedbed
1500 times of pre- disease preventions of liquid of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 99% hymexazol raw medicine are sprayed, Seedling Stage is not
Top dressing is needed, depending on melon seedling situation, if melon seedling is thin and weak, foliage spray can be carried out with 0.2% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
(2), in due course field planting, in due course field planting the following steps are included:
(2.1), transplanting in due course, selection is irrigated and drainage condition convenient planting site, selects robust plant, well developed root system
Rice shoot, two leaves wholeheartedly when transplant, rob fine day transplanting；
(2.2), field planting method, two furrow of greenhouse gardening keep melon climing to climbing, spacing in the rows 65cm, every 667m2300 plants of field planting；
(2.3), two films cover, and using outer surface buckle greenhouse, the planting type of ground mulching mulch, the installation of greenhouse both ends can be with
Mobile envelope canopy film, when early stage low temperature, can take the measure for closing canopy；
(3), field management, field management the following steps are included:
(3.1), it prunes, carries out three climing trainings, stay a main stem and two lateral bines, training is diligent before bearing fruit, and controls side shoot
Growth；
(3.2), it pollinates, because of early spring low temperature and less sunshine, is not easy to bear fruit, artificial pollination is main Pollination Modes, while appropriate
Ground use is beared fruit clever supple-mentary pollination, is advisable with the female flower pollination that the 12nd section is later；
(3.3), melon is selected and remain, when watermelon grows to egg size, fruit shape is not straight, section is too low watermelon is removed, and is stayed
The straight watermelon of one fruit shape, Watermelon Fruit is long arrive the rim of a bowl size to teacup when, increase canopy film, i.e. two canopy addition of side, two canopy,
Two canopy additions, three canopy sprays the foliar fertilizer containing boron and calcium, can alleviate to a certain degree and split melon, such as continuous sombre weather, 1.2m
Wide mulch, 50m are one section, are covered in greenhouse column two sides watermelon and sit on the blade face in melon region, remove after becoming a fine day, in west
When melon medium well, need suitably retain by control rich water come prevention and control the melon wooden fork that the later period grows from base portion, when pinching before melon
Blade is stayed in position more, picks up 3 leaves on melon seedling with the small plastic grip of Grafted Watermelon, melon leaf is allowed to cover watermelon；
(3.4), fertilizer and water management: under-film drip irrigation system is used, base manure is used sufficient before field planting, every 667 square metres are applied decomposed vegetable seed
200 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 45% 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer, when transplanting, with after fermentation oil cake water, micro- benefit energy with
Compound fertilizer makees root water, one week of transplanting backsight seedling growth add a fertilizer, apply one suddenly when fruit egg size
Secondary fruit-promoting fertilizer is picked first 15 days in first melon and applies a relay fertilizer；
(3.5), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: diluting liquid irrigating root with 50% carbendazim and alphamethrin when transplanting, white to prevent
Based on powder disease, timely ventilation dewetting is paid attention to, reduce humidity and temperature control in canopy, suitably spray 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granular
1000 times of liquid of agent, watermelon are beared fruit front and back, and to prevent based on watermelon grafting, wet down of divulging information suitably sprays the suspension of 25% kresoxim-methyl
10 times of liquid of agent, as the temperature rises, the main harm for preventing red spider, in transplanting with oil cake fermentation liquid irrigating root；It is red when finding
It when spider endangers, is sprayed with 10.5% AVM hereinafter Damanling suspension agent, 2500 times of liquid, is spaced 8 days and sprays 1 time, mid or late May is main
The harm for preventing aphid, when determining root with 25% Diacloden, 3500 times of liquid irrigating roots；When finding that aphid is caused harm, with 10% imidacloprid
1500 times of liquid of wettable powder spray, and are spaced 8 days and spray 1 time；
(4), timely collecting, watermelon, which harvests first 10 days, avoids fertilising, watering, spray, can harvest 5 batches in one season of greenhouse watermelon, because
Early period, temperature was lower, first melon maturation time is longer, 40 days maturations；30 days maturations of second batch melon；The middle and late growth stage works as temperature
When reaching 33 DEG C, 25 days maturations of watermelon, harvesting when avoiding high temperature at noon.
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1, comprising the following steps:
(1), cultivate high quality seedling, cultivate high quality seedling the following steps are included:
(1.1), variety selection, selection is precocious, disease resistance is strong, the watermelon product of harvesting high-quality high-yield, premature senescence resistance Long term cultivation
Kind；
(1.2), it keeps the temperature, control watermelon seedling growth temperature is 25 DEG C, must not be lower than 15 DEG C, is suitable for provide to seedling
Growth temperature, seedbed need to be laid with heating wire, spacing 8cm, while plastic film mulching, double small arched shed epiphragma and greenhouse epiphragma being taken to heat
Measure uses boiler temperature-increasing when necessary；
(1.3), add lustre to, when temperature drift, when insufficient light easily causes watermelon seedling excessive growth, must be using manually adding lustre to；
(1.4), control is wet, is timely aerated to mulch inside according to humidity and moisturizing in seedling stage should be periodically to seedbed
1500 times of pre- disease preventions of liquid of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 99% hymexazol raw medicine are sprayed, Seedling Stage is not
Top dressing is needed, depending on melon seedling situation, if melon seedling is thin and weak, foliage spray can be carried out with 0.2% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
(2), in due course field planting, in due course field planting the following steps are included:
(2.1), transplanting in due course, selection is irrigated and drainage condition convenient planting site, selects robust plant, well developed root system
Rice shoot, two leaves wholeheartedly when transplant, rob fine day transplanting；
(2.2), field planting method, two furrow of greenhouse gardening keep melon climing to climbing, spacing in the rows 65cm, every 667m2300 plants of field planting；
(2.3), two films cover, and using outer surface buckle greenhouse, the planting type of ground mulching mulch, the installation of greenhouse both ends can be with
Mobile envelope canopy film, when early stage low temperature, can take the measure for closing canopy；
(3), field management, field management the following steps are included:
(3.1), it prunes, carries out three climing trainings, stay a main stem and two lateral bines, training is diligent before bearing fruit, and controls side shoot
Growth；
(3.2), it pollinates, because of early spring low temperature and less sunshine, is not easy to bear fruit, artificial pollination is main Pollination Modes, while appropriate
Ground use is beared fruit clever supple-mentary pollination, is advisable with the female flower pollination that the 12nd section is later；
(3.3), melon is selected and remain, when watermelon grows to egg size, fruit shape is not straight, section is too low watermelon is removed, and is stayed
The straight watermelon of one fruit shape, Watermelon Fruit is long arrive the rim of a bowl size to teacup when, increase canopy film, i.e. two canopy addition of side, two canopy,
Two canopy additions, three canopy sprays the foliar fertilizer containing boron and calcium, can alleviate to a certain degree and split melon, such as continuous sombre weather, 1.2m
Wide mulch, 50m are one section, are covered in greenhouse column two sides watermelon and sit on the blade face in melon region, remove after becoming a fine day, in west
When melon medium well, need suitably retain by control rich water come prevention and control the melon wooden fork that the later period grows from base portion, when pinching before melon
Blade is stayed in position more, picks up 3 leaves on melon seedling with the small plastic grip of Grafted Watermelon, melon leaf is allowed to cover watermelon；
(3.4), fertilizer and water management: under-film drip irrigation system is used, base manure is used sufficient before field planting, every 667 square metres are applied decomposed vegetable seed
200 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 45% 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer, when transplanting, with after fermentation oil cake water, micro- benefit energy with
Compound fertilizer makees root water, one week of transplanting backsight seedling growth add a fertilizer, apply one suddenly when fruit egg size
Secondary fruit-promoting fertilizer is picked first 15 days in first melon and applies a relay fertilizer；
(3.5), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: diluting liquid irrigating root with 50% carbendazim and alphamethrin when transplanting, white to prevent
Based on powder disease, timely ventilation dewetting is paid attention to, reduce humidity and temperature control in canopy, suitably spray 10% difenoconazole water dispersible granular
1000 times of liquid of agent, watermelon are beared fruit front and back, and to prevent based on watermelon grafting, wet down of divulging information suitably sprays the suspension of 25% kresoxim-methyl
10 times of liquid of agent, as the temperature rises, the main harm for preventing red spider, in transplanting with oil cake fermentation liquid irrigating root；It is red when finding
It when spider endangers, is sprayed with 10.5% AVM hereinafter Damanling suspension agent, 2500 times of liquid, is spaced 8 days and sprays 1 time, mid or late May is main
The harm for preventing aphid, when determining root with 25% Diacloden, 3500 times of liquid irrigating roots；When finding that aphid is caused harm, with 10% imidacloprid
1500 times of liquid of wettable powder spray, and are spaced 8 days and spray 1 time；
(4), timely collecting, watermelon, which harvests first 10 days, avoids fertilising, watering, spray, can harvest 5 batches in one season of greenhouse watermelon, because
Early period, temperature was lower, first melon maturation time is longer, 40 days maturations；30 days maturations of second batch melon；The middle and late growth stage works as temperature
When reaching 33 DEG C, 25 days maturations of watermelon, harvesting when avoiding high temperature at noon.
Table 1 is under different temperatures in embodiment 1-3, and every square meter the yield of watermelon and seedling disease rate, test result is as follows:
By 1 experimental data of table it is found that growth of watermelon method of the present invention, with the continuous raising of temperature when nursery, seedling
Disease rate constantly declines, and the yield of watermelon of every square meter is also continuously increased, and by the continuous decline of the disease rate of seedling, seedling is deposited
Motility rate constantly rises, it can thus be seen that controlling the cultivation temperature of watermelon seedlings at 21~25 DEG C, can preferably improve west
The yield and survival rate of seedling of melon, separately embodiment 3 is optimal selection as shown in Table 1.
The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of growth of watermelon method, comprising the following steps:
(1), high quality seedling is cultivated；
(2), field planting in due course；
(3), field management；
(4), timely collecting.
2. a kind of growth of watermelon method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step (1) cultivates high quality seedling
The following steps are included:
(1.1), variety selection, selection is precocious, disease resistance is strong, the variety of watermelon of harvesting high-quality high-yield, premature senescence resistance Long term cultivation；
(1.2), it keeps the temperature, control watermelon seedling growth temperature is 21~25 DEG C, must not be lower than 15 DEG C, seedbed is laid with heating wire, spacing 5
~10cm, while plastic film mulching, double small arched shed epiphragma and greenhouse epiphragma being taken to heat measure, boiler temperature-increasing is used when necessary；
(1.3), add lustre to, when temperature drift, when insufficient light easily causes watermelon seedling excessive growth, must be using manually adding lustre to；
(1.4), it controls wet, timely mulch inside is aerated according to humidity and moisturizing.
3. a kind of growth of watermelon method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: field planting includes the step (2) in due course
Following steps:
(2.1), transplanting in due course, selection is irrigated and the convenient planting site of drainage condition, selects the seedling of robust plant, well developed root system
Seedling, two leaves wholeheartedly when transplant, rob fine day transplanting；
(2.2), field planting method, two furrow of greenhouse gardening keep melon climing to climbing, spacing in the rows 60~70cm, every 667m2It is colonized 250-300
Strain；
(2.3), two films cover, and using outer surface buckle greenhouse, the planting type of ground mulching mulch, the installation of greenhouse both ends can be moved
Envelope canopy film, when early stage low temperature can take the measure for closing canopy.
4. a kind of growth of watermelon method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: step (3) field management includes
Following steps:
(3.1), it prunes, carries out three climing trainings, stay a main stem and two lateral bines, training is diligent before bearing fruit, and controls the life of side shoot
It is long；
(3.2), it pollinates, because of early spring low temperature and less sunshine, is not easy to bear fruit, artificial pollination is main Pollination Modes, while suitably being made
With clever supple-mentary pollination of bearing fruit, it is advisable with the female flower pollination that the 12nd section is later；
(3.3), melon is selected and remain, when watermelon grows to egg size, fruit shape is not straight, section is too low watermelon is removed, and stays one
The straight watermelon of fruit shape；
(3.4), fertilizer and water management: under-film drip irrigation system is used, base manure is used sufficient before field planting, every 667 square metres are applied rapeseed cake fertilizer
200 kilograms, 50 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, 45% 50 kilograms of compound fertilizer, when transplanting, with after fermentation oil cake water, micro- benefit energy with it is compound
Fertilizer makees root water, one week of transplanting backsight seedling growth add a fertilizer, applied suddenly when fruit egg size primary strong
Fruit fertilizer, picks first 15 days in first melon and applies a relay fertilizer；
(3.5), the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: liquid irrigating root is diluted with 50% carbendazim and alphamethrin when transplanting, to prevent powdery mildew
Based on, pay attention to timely ventilation dewetting, reduces humidity and temperature control in canopy, suitably spray 10% difenoconazole water dispersion granule
1000 times of liquid, watermelon are beared fruit front and back, and to prevent based on watermelon grafting, wet down of divulging information suitably sprays 25% kresoxim-methyl suspending agent
10 times of liquid, as the temperature rises, the main harm for preventing red spider, in transplanting with oil cake fermentation liquid irrigating root；When the red spider of discovery
It when spider endangers, is sprayed, is spaced in spray in 7~10 days 1 time, 5 months with 10.5% AVM hereinafter Damanling suspension agent, 1500~3000 times of liquid
The last ten-days period mainly prevent the harm of aphid, when determining root with 25% Diacloden, 3000~4000 times of liquid irrigating roots；When discovery aphid is caused harm
When, it is sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 1000~2000 times of liquid, is spaced 7~10 days and sprays 1 time.
5. a kind of growth of watermelon method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in the step (4), before watermelon harvesting
Avoid within 10 days fertilising, watering, spray, can harvest 4~5 batches in one season of greenhouse watermelon, because temperature early period is lower, first melon maturation time
It is longer, 35~40 days maturations；30~33 days maturations of second batch melon；The middle and late growth stage, when temperature reaches 33 DEG C, watermelon 20~25
It is mature, harvesting when avoiding high temperature at noon.
6. a kind of growth of watermelon method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: in the step (1.4), in seedling stage,
Should the 1500 times of liquid preventions of 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid or 99% hymexazol raw medicine periodically be sprayed to seedbed
Disease, Seedling Stage do not need top dressing, depending on melon seedling situation, if melon seedling is thin and weak, can with 0.2% urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate into
Row foliage spray.
7. a kind of growth of watermelon method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in the step (3.3), in watermelon fruit
When true length is to teacup to the rim of a bowl size, increase canopy film, i.e. two canopy addition of side, two canopy, two canopy additions, three canopy is sprayed containing boron and calcium
Foliar fertilizer, such as continuous sombre weather, the mulch of 1.2m wide, 48-52m is one section, is covered in greenhouse column two sides watermelon seat
It on the blade face in melon region, removes after becoming a fine day, in watermelon medium well, needs through control rich water come prevention and control, it can be appropriate
Retain the melon wooden fork that grows from base portion of later period, blade is stayed in melon front more when pinching, with the small plastic grip of Grafted Watermelon by melon seedling
On 2~3 leaves pick up, allow melon leaf to cover watermelon.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110278839A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-09-27 | 五河县大新镇郭义柱家庭农场 | A kind of wheat, watermelon, the efficient interplanting method of red bean |
| CN110463531A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-19 | 徐玉芳 | A kind of repeatedly picking cultivating watermelon method |
| CN112690177A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-23 | 潍坊郭牌农业科技有限公司 | Thin-peel watermelon cultivation method |
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2018
- 2018-09-29 CN CN201811144222.5A patent/CN109258342A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110278839A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-09-27 | 五河县大新镇郭义柱家庭农场 | A kind of wheat, watermelon, the efficient interplanting method of red bean |
| CN110463531A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-19 | 徐玉芳 | A kind of repeatedly picking cultivating watermelon method |
| CN112690177A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-23 | 潍坊郭牌农业科技有限公司 | Thin-peel watermelon cultivation method |
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