CN104396545A - High-yield strawberry cultivation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield strawberry cultivation method. The method includes the cultivation steps of firstly, cultivating strong seedlings; secondly, conducting high-temperature greenhouse tightening; thirdly, conducting field planting at suitable time; fourthly, conducting film mulching and drip irrigation under plastic film; fifthly, regulating and controlling the temperature, flowers and fruits; sixthly, conducting plant adjustment and supplementary pollination. According to the method, all growth stages of strawberries are scientifically controlled and managed, and therefore the strawberry picking time can be prolonged to 7 months from 1 month, the acre yield is increased to 2000 kilograms from 500 kilograms, the yield of strawberries is obviously increased, the taste and fragrance of the strawberries are improved, the economic benefits are ensured for farmer households, and the health development of the strawberry planting industry is ensured as well.

Description

A kind of strawberry high-yield cultivating method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultivation method, be specifically related to a kind of strawberry high-yield cultivating method.

Background technology

China is the country that strawberry wild resource is the abundantest in the world, starts very early to utilize fraises des bois, and follows so far always.The nutrition-allocated proportion of strawberry is quite reasonable, and wherein the content of vitamin C is about 10 times of the watermelon of equivalent, grape or apple, is rich in iron, fructose, glucose, citric acid, malic acid etc. in addition in strawberry.Strawberry, for old man, child and body void person, is the good merchantable brand of nourishing.For the cough with lung heat easily occurred spring, have a sore throat, long fiery furuncle etc., the nutritive element contained in strawberry can play the effect of supplemental treatment.

In recent years, occur in strawberry production that output reduces, deformed fruit, go on the market slower; degradation trend under economic benefit, its main cause is lack strawberry high quality seedling production technology on the one hand, causes the disease certain kind of berries to accumulate serious; make strawberry original kind of sexual involution, quality and yield significantly declines; Be on the other hand that planting type comparatively backwardness covered a roof with straw by yellow grass, lack the efficiency cultivation technology for high of forcing culture listing ahead of time, thus the planting benefit of the person that makes strawberry cultivating declines.

Summary of the invention

For the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the object of the invention is: propose a kind of strawberry high-yield cultivating method, can significantly improve Yield of Strawberry, plantation strawberry pulp is out red, and sweet fruit, fragranced are dense, unique flavor, excellent taste.

Technical solution of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of strawberry high-yield cultivating method, comprises following cultivation step:

(1), nurturing staff: mid or late June feeding block seedlings raising, when not Stolon severance, by sub-seedling direct transplantation in alms bowl, sub-seedling preferably has 2 ~ 3 expanded leaves and 2 ~ 3 white roots; Each maternal plant retains 5 ~ 6 stolons, and every bar stem retains the sub-seedling of 2 ~ 3 strain, and its minor seedling is removed in time; Sub-seedling survives rear Stolon severance, moves into the centralized management of ground, garden;

(2), the vexed canopy of high temperature: trench digging does furrow, and pour water and make ground moistening, furrow face plastic film tightly covers, then seals horticultural covering film, keeps 1 month; When outside air temperature reaches 30 ~ 33 DEG C, under film, temperature can reach about 70 DEG C, and 20 ~ 30 centimetres of ground temperature can reach 40 ~ 50 DEG C, effectively can kill the germ in soil, weed seed and soil insect like this;

(3), optimum period field planting: determine according to its flower bud differentiation elementary period; Field planting is early than initiation period of flower bud, and poppyhead sequence is bloomed delay, and the maturing stage postpones, and affects early yield; Field planting is later than initiation period of flower bud, and poppyhead sequence flowers and fruits number reduces, and affects gross yield;

(4), overlay film and under-film drip irrigation: canopy film selects polyvinyl chloride Anti-fogging Film; Within after insulation 10 ~ 15 days, cover black mulch film, lay droping irrigating pipe at two interlines on every ridge simultaneously; Rupture of membranes immediately after overlay film, draws out seedling, and rupture of membranes hole is unsuitable excessive, to ensure that the ground temperature of strawberry root system concentration zones remains on more than 5 DEG C, makes root system keep vigorous growth;

(5), temperature and flowers and fruits regulation and control: regulate canopy temperature by regulating the opening and closing of booth; Flowering stage, day temperature controlled, at about 25 DEG C, to put honeybee in a suitable place to breed, be conducive to Pollination Fertilization; Fruit growth period minimum temperature remains on about 5 DEG C, is beneficial to fruit development; When freeze-up illumination is not enough, plant is easily downgraded, kind that peduncle is short, answer supplementary light to extend sunshine duration, or suitably spray gibberellin to suppress plant to be downgraded and to extend peduncle;

(6), Plant adjustment and supplementary pollination: yellow Lao Ye, sick leaf will be plucked before blooming and grow weak lateral bud, to improve illumination, concentrating nutrition, promote flower bud differentiation, improve fruit-setting rate; When plant the 2nd lobus cardiacus launches after insulation, select sunny hot weather at plant core spray concentration 5 ~ 10mg/L gibberellin, every strain consumption 5mL, can carry out in conjunction with spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Fruit expanding period sprays the Glucose Liquid of 0.5%, can significantly improve fruit pol, promotes quality.

Due to the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages:

Strawberry high-yield cultivating method of the present invention, by each vegetative stage of the control and management strawberry of science, strawberry can be extended to 7 months from 1 month picking time, per mu yield is increased to 2000 kilograms from 500 kilograms, the output of remarkable increase strawberry, and improve strawberry mouthfeel and strawberry aroma, namely ensure that the economic benefit at plantation family, in turn ensure that the sound development of strawberry cultivating industry.

Embodiment

A kind of strawberry high-yield cultivating method of the present invention, comprises following cultivation step:

(1), nurturing staff: mid or late June feeding block seedlings raising, when not Stolon severance, by sub-seedling direct transplantation in alms bowl, sub-seedling preferably has 2 ~ 3 expanded leaves and 2 ~ 3 white roots; Each maternal plant retains 5 ~ 6 stolons, and every bar stem retains the sub-seedling of 2 ~ 3 strain, and its minor seedling is removed in time; Sub-seedling survives rear Stolon severance, moves into the centralized management of ground, garden;

(2), the vexed canopy of high temperature: trench digging does furrow, and pour water and make ground moistening, furrow face plastic film tightly covers, then seals horticultural covering film, keeps 1 month; When outside air temperature reaches 30 ~ 33 DEG C, under film, temperature can reach about 70 DEG C, and 20 ~ 30 centimetres of ground temperature can reach 40 ~ 50 DEG C, effectively can kill the germ in soil, weed seed and soil insect like this;

(3), optimum period field planting: determine according to its flower bud differentiation elementary period; Field planting is early than initiation period of flower bud, and poppyhead sequence is bloomed delay, and the maturing stage postpones, and affects early yield; Field planting is later than initiation period of flower bud, and poppyhead sequence flowers and fruits number reduces, and affects gross yield;

(4), overlay film and under-film drip irrigation: canopy film selects polyvinyl chloride Anti-fogging Film; Within after insulation 10 ~ 15 days, cover black mulch film, lay droping irrigating pipe at two interlines on every ridge simultaneously; Rupture of membranes immediately after overlay film, draws out seedling, and rupture of membranes hole is unsuitable excessive, to ensure that the ground temperature of strawberry root system concentration zones remains on more than 5 DEG C, makes root system keep vigorous growth;

(5), temperature and flowers and fruits regulation and control: regulate canopy temperature by regulating the opening and closing of booth; Flowering stage, day temperature controlled, at about 25 DEG C, to put honeybee in a suitable place to breed, be conducive to Pollination Fertilization; Fruit growth period minimum temperature remains on about 5 DEG C, is beneficial to fruit development; When freeze-up illumination is not enough, plant is easily downgraded, kind that peduncle is short, answer supplementary light to extend sunshine duration, or suitably spray gibberellin to suppress plant to be downgraded and to extend peduncle;

(6), Plant adjustment and supplementary pollination: yellow Lao Ye, sick leaf will be plucked before blooming and grow weak lateral bud, to improve illumination, concentrating nutrition, promote flower bud differentiation, improve fruit-setting rate; When plant the 2nd lobus cardiacus launches after insulation, select sunny hot weather at plant core spray concentration 5 ~ 10mg/L gibberellin, every strain consumption 5mL, can carry out in conjunction with spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Fruit expanding period sprays the Glucose Liquid of 0.5%, can significantly improve fruit pol, promotes quality.

Strawberry high-yield cultivating method of the present invention, by each vegetative stage of the control and management strawberry of science, strawberry can be extended to 7 months from 1 month picking time, per mu yield is increased to 2000 kilograms from 500 kilograms, the output of remarkable increase strawberry, and improve strawberry mouthfeel and strawberry aroma, namely ensure that the economic benefit at plantation family, in turn ensure that the sound development of strawberry cultivating industry.

Above-described embodiment is only for illustrating technical conceive of the present invention and feature; its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and be implemented; can not limit the scope of the invention with this; all equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a strawberry high-yield cultivating method, is characterized in that, comprises following cultivation step:

(1), nurturing staff: mid or late June feeding block seedlings raising, when not Stolon severance, by sub-seedling direct transplantation in alms bowl, sub-seedling preferably has 2 ~ 3 expanded leaves and 2 ~ 3 white roots; Each maternal plant retains 5 ~ 6 stolons, and every bar stem retains the sub-seedling of 2 ~ 3 strain, and its minor seedling is removed in time; Sub-seedling survives rear Stolon severance, moves into the centralized management of ground, garden;

(2), the vexed canopy of high temperature: trench digging does furrow, and pour water and make ground moistening, furrow face plastic film tightly covers, then seals horticultural covering film, keeps 1 month; When outside air temperature reaches 30 ~ 33 DEG C, under film, temperature can reach about 70 DEG C, and 20 ~ 30 centimetres of ground temperature can reach 40 ~ 50 DEG C, effectively can kill the germ in soil, weed seed and soil insect like this;

(3), optimum period field planting: determine according to its flower bud differentiation elementary period; Field planting is early than initiation period of flower bud, and poppyhead sequence is bloomed delay, and the maturing stage postpones, and affects early yield; Field planting is later than initiation period of flower bud, and poppyhead sequence flowers and fruits number reduces, and affects gross yield;

(4), overlay film and under-film drip irrigation: canopy film selects polyvinyl chloride Anti-fogging Film; Within after insulation 10 ~ 15 days, cover black mulch film, lay droping irrigating pipe at two interlines on every ridge simultaneously; Rupture of membranes immediately after overlay film, draws out seedling, and rupture of membranes hole is unsuitable excessive, to ensure that the ground temperature of strawberry root system concentration zones remains on more than 5 DEG C, makes root system keep vigorous growth;

(5), temperature and flowers and fruits regulation and control: regulate canopy temperature by regulating the opening and closing of booth; Flowering stage, day temperature controlled, at about 25 DEG C, to put honeybee in a suitable place to breed, be conducive to Pollination Fertilization; Fruit growth period minimum temperature remains on about 5 DEG C, is beneficial to fruit development; When freeze-up illumination is not enough, plant is easily downgraded, kind that peduncle is short, answer supplementary light to extend sunshine duration, or suitably spray gibberellin to suppress plant to be downgraded and to extend peduncle;

(6), Plant adjustment and supplementary pollination: yellow Lao Ye, sick leaf will be plucked before blooming and grow weak lateral bud, to improve illumination, concentrating nutrition, promote flower bud differentiation, improve fruit-setting rate; When plant the 2nd lobus cardiacus launches after insulation, select sunny hot weather at plant core spray concentration 5 ~ 10mg/L gibberellin, every strain consumption 5mL, can carry out in conjunction with spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate; Fruit expanding period sprays the Glucose Liquid of 0.5%, can significantly improve fruit pol, promotes quality.