CN109122073A - A kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail Download PDFInfo
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- CN109122073A CN109122073A CN201810952667.XA CN201810952667A CN109122073A CN 109122073 A CN109122073 A CN 109122073A CN 201810952667 A CN201810952667 A CN 201810952667A CN 109122073 A CN109122073 A CN 109122073A
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- cattail
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail, include the steps that site preparation, transplant planting, weeding, irrigation, fertilising, the step of fertilising, the second year after transplanting started, when annual late April cattail emergence, carry out fertilizer treatment, the fertilizer applied is untreated sheep dung, and the sheep dung application total amount is 300~480kg/667m2, point 3~5 applications, each administration interval 10~20 days；The seeding row spacing of the transplant planting is 20~40cm × 35~55cm.The present invention realizes by carrying out Precise control to plantation steps such as site preparation, transplanting, irrigation, fertilisings in cattail cultivation and improves cattail survival rate, shorten the harvesting period of cattail pollen, improve the effect of the yield of unit cultivated area cattail pollen.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant planting field, in particular to a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail.
Background technique
Cattail (scientific name: Typha angustifolia L.), the alias stem or leaf of cattail, water candle belong to Typhaceae typha.It is fragrant
Pu is this plant of perennial aquatic or swampweed, is born in lake, pond, irrigation canals and ditches, marsh and stream flow band, the black dragon in China more
There are cultivation in the provinces and regions such as river, Jilin, the Inner Mongol, Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, have purification, improve water
The effect of matter, the dry pollen of cattail are Chinese medicine cattail pollen.
Theory of traditional Chinese medical science thinks that cattail pollen has hemostasis, stagnation resolvation, treating stranguria and other effects, and clinic is usually used in haematemesis, bleeding from five sense organs or subcutaneous tissue, spits blood, collapses
The treatment of the diseases such as leakage, traumatic hemorrhage, amenorrhea and algomenorrhea, stomach duct and abdomen shouting pain, tumbling and swelling blood strangury and dry pain.Modern pharmacological research also shows Pu
The water of Huang mentions or alcohol extract has increase coronary flow, improves microcirculation, expansion blood vessel, reducing blood lipid, antiatherosclerosis, resists
The pharmacological actions such as platelet aggregation.
The harvesting of cattail pollen at present is mostly carried out by artificial, in recovery process, since cattail distributed areas are scattered, and cattail
Flowering time span is larger, causes the harvesting period of cattail pollen longer, and then increase harvesting cost.With the main producing region Inner Mongol of cattail pollen
For ancient Bayannur: the labour cost that hired laborer harvests cattail pollen is about daily 200~300 yuan, if can be shortened adopting for cattail pollen
The receipts phase completes to concentrate harvesting within the limited time, then can reduce the harvesting cost of cattail pollen, and then realizes that cattail pollen is high-quality excellent
Valence.
It is relatively easy to survive based on cattail, the characteristic relatively low to growing environment requirement, at present for the plantation of cattail
More extensive implantation methods are mostly used, the plantation of cattail is also mostly edible service (common cattail, ivory dish).It has disclosed at present
The method of cattail artificial growth has been reported that in document, but disclosed technical solution is not directed to how to shorten cattail pollen picking time, improves
Cattail pollen yield.Specifically, Chinese patent CN104365315A disclose the selection of cattail seedling for wetland recovery a kind of with
Nursing method is chosen by seedling base, seedling acquires, seedling divides root and child care to realize the survival rate of 85% or more cattail.
In " old area construction " the 8th phase P29~P36 " plantation of the Lezhou Peninsula stem or leaf of cattail knits traditional handicraft investigation with Pu " text in 2016, introduce
It knits the implantation methods of the stem or leaf of cattail of raw material as Pu, including nursery, whole field, plants, irrigates, top dressing, the plantation steps such as anti-evil.
Chinese patent CN108069770A discloses a kind of cattail chemical fertilizer, with cow dung, straw, sudangrass, bone meal etc. for raw material, mixes
It is made after conjunction.Chinese patent CN104987267A discloses a kind of soil conditioner just prepared using sheep dung, with sheep dung, straw
Stalk, turf, wormcast etc. are raw material, by being prepared after the techniques such as mixing, fermentation, crushing, granulation, drying, fertilizer soil
Earth improved effect is good, and in the field experiment that inclined low-yield land carries out, zoomed in wheat dramatically increases compared with control group yield.
It is found that guaranteeing medicinal cattail survival rate by plantation means, shorten the harvesting period of cattail pollen, improves unit growing surface
The yield of product cattail pollen is the technical issues of prior art does not solve.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail, this method
By carrying out Precise control to plantation steps such as site preparation, transplanting, irrigation, fertilisings in cattail cultivation, cattail is realized
Survival rate shortens the picking time of cattail pollen, improves the effect of unit cultivated area cattail pollen yield, this method is easy to operate, to soil property
Requirement it is low, and there is soil improvement effect, sandyly, wasteland, beach, pond, can be implemented in marsh etc., and realize
Technical effect has biggish Technique Popularizing value.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail, including site preparation, transplant planting, weeding, irrigation, fertilising, feature
It is, second year starts after transplanting the step of the fertilising, when annual late April cattail is emerged, carries out fertilizer treatment, is applied
Fertilizer is untreated sheep dung, and the sheep dung application total amount is 300~480kg/667m2, point 3~5 applications, every time
Administration interval 10~20 days；The seeding row spacing of the transplant planting is 20~40cm × 35~55cm.
The Best Times of harvesting time reach optimal period in the assemblage characteristic of quality of medicinal material and yield.For Pu
For Huang, picking time was included in the florescence；Shorten the florescence, most cattails is allowed to concentrate on entering flower in the relatively short time
Phase is conducive to the concentration harvesting to cattail pollen, and then realizes the shortening of picking time.The cattail that existing technology is planted, blooms
Phase height is inconsistent, so that longer for the duration of cattail pollen harvesting, on the other hand, initial stage in florescence and the fragmentary of later period are opened
Flower is also basic without harvesting value, and the yield of cattail pollen also receives influence.As without particularly pointing out, heretofore described the first tenday period of a month refer to one
The 1st~10 day of a month, the middle ten days refer to the 11st~20 day of one month, and the last ten-days period refer to the 21st to last 1 day of one month.
The method applied fertilizer in the present invention is to realize one of the key problem in technology of technical effect.Specifically, the prior art mostly uses
Composite parts is as fertilizer, and when sheep dung is as Fertilizer application, and also it is generally necessary to pre-process through everfermentation, the time is long, and one
As take eight to ten days, and to occupy a large amount of place and be handled using artificial；And the plantation of medicinal cattail of the present invention
In method, the sheep dung applied is untreated sheep dung, does not include other kinds of chemical fertilizer and/or farmyard manure, source can
To be the excrement of domestic, free-ranging sheep, goat, fertilizer is easy to get feasible and simplifies plantation step.Inventor is in planting process
In have surprisingly found that, the plantation for medicinal cattail, the fertilizer sheep dung used without processing same technology also may be implemented
On the one hand effect, this measure can save expenditure, while saving processing fertilizer required time；Equally, total amount applied for sheep dung, apply
The time interval applied with number and every time is there is also selection, and three factors influence each other, and research is found: in late April cattail
Sheep dung is applied when emergence, and when sheep dung application total amount is 300~480kg/667m2, point 3~5 applications, each administration interval 10
At~20 days, the yield of cattail survival rate, unit cultivated area cattail pollen is significantly improved, it is often more important that, the harvesting period of cattail pollen
It is obviously shortened；Preferably, sheep dung application total amount is 350~450kg/667m2, points of 3~4 times applications, each administration interval 10~
15 days.
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned medicinal cattail, what the planting site chosen was the height such as scraped out to the step of the site preparation can
The pond of water storage, basin bottom introduce irrigation water away from 40~60cm of ground.
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned medicinal cattail, the transplant planting are as follows: cattail seedling is pressed into rice transplanting in First Year mid-May
Mode put into pond, the line-spacing of transplant planting be also realize technical effect one of key problem in technology, seeding row spacing be 20~
40cm × 35~55cm can significantly improve survival rate and unit plantation when specific seeding row spacing is combined with fertilizing method
The yield of area cattail pollen, it is preferred that the seeding row spacing of cattail transplant planting is 25~35cm × 40~50cm.
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned medicinal cattail, the weeding is transplanting next year, weeding one between annual June~August
It is secondary, the reed in hillslope processes is killed；The herbicidal methods are as follows: cut off reed using artificial.Due to cattail and reed
Affinity it is closer, the selectivity that commercially available herbicide cannot achieve reed is killed, and is compared through inventor's test of many times, finally
Selection can manually be cut off using manually reed is cut off using machinery on a large scale；After cutting off, cattail can compared with
It germinates and grows up in short time, and then the speed of growth is slower for reed.
In the implantation methods of above-mentioned medicinal cattail, described irrigate is the annual April in spring, carries out moisturizing to pond, it is ensured that
Its constant level is maintained at 20~40cm, preferably 30~40cm.
According to the body situation of planting site, the implantation methods of above-mentioned medicinal cattail can sandyly, wasteland, beach, pond,
Implement in marsh etc., in sandy ground using effect it is the most significant, this method also have improvement soil property effect.
The preferred medicinal cattail implantation methods of of the invention one, it includes following steps:
Site preparation: by the planting site chosen scrape out etc. height can water storage pond, basin bottom away from 50 ± 5cm of ground, and
Introduce irrigation water；
Transplant planting: putting into cattail young plant in pond First Year mid-May in the way of rice transplanting, seeding row spacing 30
±3cm×45±3cm；
Weeding: next year after transplanting, annual June~August are primary using the method weeding manually cut off；
Irrigate: April spring next year carries out moisturizing to hillslope processes, it is ensured that its constant level is maintained at the left side 30-40cm
It is right；
Fertilising: second year starts after transplanting, when annual late April cattail is emerged, carries out fertilizer treatment, sheep dung applies total amount
For 370 ± 5kg/667m2, it is equally divided into 3 applications, each administration interval 10 days, the sheep dung is the sheep of unprocessed mistake
Excrement.
The present invention have the advantages that compared with prior art as follows protrude and the utility model has the advantages that
A kind of implantation methods of cattail are provided, by planting in cattail cultivation to site preparation, transplanting, irrigation, fertilising etc.
It plants step and carries out Precise control, realize and improve cattail survival rate, shorten the harvesting period of cattail pollen, improve unit cultivated area
The effect of the yield of cattail pollen.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the embodiment invented is without being limited thereto.
The implantation methods experiment of medicinal cattail shown in the embodiment of the present invention is to cooperate to complete with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.
Embodiment 1
Select Baya ur, NeiMengGu city Dengkou County has the sandy wasteland of perennial irrigation condition as cultivation base within the border,
Comparative test is set in fertilising link: the cultivation base chosen is divided into eight pieces；Using following steps:
Site preparation: by the planting site chosen scrape out etc. height can water storage pond, basin bottom away from 50 ± 5cm of ground, and
Introduce irrigation water；
Transplant planting: putting into cattail young plant in pond mid-May in the way of rice transplanting, and seeding row spacing is 30 ± 3cm
×45±3cm；
Weeding: June next year~August is primary using manually method weeding is cut off；
Irrigate: April next year carries out moisturizing to hillslope processes, it is ensured that its constant level is maintained at 30-40cm or so；
In the fertilization time section of late April next year, the cattail stalks of carbon amounts, corn stover, the sheep dung such as does respectively and do not apply
Fertile (blank control) four processing.Wherein sheep dung 370kg/667m is applied in the plot PF-12, the plot PF-2 and the plot PF-3 are applied respectively
The corn stover and cattail stalk of cattail plantation fertilizer are commonly used for locality, application total amount is 600kg/667m2, PF-1
Block, the plot PF-2 and the plot PF-3 use identical fertilizing method, are equally divided into 3 applications, each administration interval 10 days；
The plot PF-4 one-time use sheep dung 370kg/667m2；Apply sheep dung 550kg/667m in the plot PF-52, method of administration is with PF-1
Block is identical；The plot PF-6 seeding row spacing is 15 ± 3cm × 25 ± 3cm, and sheep dung amount of application and method of administration are identical as the plot PF-1；
The plot PF-7 application sheep dung total amount is identical as the plot PF-1, is equally divided into 3 applications, each administration interval 3 days；The skill of this field
Art personnel are appreciated that the influence because of various non-artificial factors, and total fertilization amount may exist fluctuation/error of ± 5kg；It is applied
Sheep of the sheep dung from local peasant household's free-ranging.
Cattail pollen in eight pieces of ground has been harvested it by the harvesting number of days that cattail pollen is determined with observation and sample investigation method completely
Afterwards, the cattail pollen per mu yield and harvesting number of days of different disposal cell are calculated.
The per mu yield of 1 different disposal cattail pollen of table
As can be seen from the data in table 1, it is survived using the cattail in the plot PF-1 of specific method application sheep dung
Rate and cattail pollen per mu yield relatively application common fertilizer corn stover group (plot PF-2) and cattail stalk group (PF-3
Plot) it significantly improves, and can significantly shorten the picking time of cattail pollen；For being all the plot PF-4 for applying sheep dung, because it is primary
Property fertilising, cattail survival rate is not as good as the plot PF-1, and then per mu yield is lower, harvest number of days also longer than the plot PF-1；PF-5
Block applied compared with the more sheep dungs in the plot PF-1, and cattail survival rate is instead not as good as the plot PF-1, and then per mu yield is also not as good as PF-
1 plot harvests number of days also longer than the plot PF-1；The plot PF-6 seeding row spacing is smaller, and the survival rate of cattail is lower than the plot PF-1, mu
Yield and picking time are not as good as PF-1；The plot PF-7 fertilising interval time is 3 days, and the survival rate of cattail is with being also lower than PF-1
Block, per mu yield is low compared with PF-1, and picking time is also obviously longer compared with the plot PF-1.
The plot PF-1 becomes apparent in second year, the harvesting in third year in survival rate, the advantage of cattail pollen per mu yield, it is known that
This method has certain soil improvement effect.
In the second group of identical experiment carried out in parallel at the same time, each plot cattail survival rate, picking time and cattail pollen per mu yield
Performance and first group it is almost the same.The Plant plane in the plot PF-1 also embodies consistent with hillslope processes in large-scale planting
Effect.
Embodiment 2
The effect using untreated different animals excrement as fertilizer is further investigated, the implantation methods of medicinal cattail are the same as real
Apply example 1.
In the fertilization time section of late April next year, chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, horsehit and untreated sheep dung five are respectively
Processing.Wherein chicken manure 370kg/667m is applied in the plot SF-12, cow dung 370kg/667m is applied in the plot SF-22, the application of the plot SF-3
Pig manure 370kg/667m2, horsehit 370kg/667m is applied in the plot SF-42, untreated sheep dung 370kg/667m is applied in the plot SF-52；
It is equally divided into 3 applications, each administration interval 10 days；It will be understood to those skilled in the art that because various non-artificial factors
Influence, total fertilization amount may exist ± 5kg fluctuation/error；Chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, horsehit and the untreated sheep applied
Domestic animal of the excrement both from local peasant household's free-ranging.
Cattail pollen in five pieces of ground has been harvested it by the harvesting number of days that cattail pollen is determined with observation and sample investigation method completely
Afterwards, the cattail pollen per mu yield and harvesting number of days of different disposal cell are calculated.
The per mu yield of 2 different fertilizer cattail pollen of table
By the data of table 2 it is found that SF-5 is untreated sheep dung, in the case where identical amount of application and identical harvesting number of days,
It harvests number of days, gross dry weight, and powder weight and per mu yield are significantly better than that the group of application chicken manure, cow dung, pig manure, horsehit, it is known that
Under identical fertilizer application condition, had the effect of using untreated sheep dung as cattail fertilizer optimal.
In the second group of identical experiment carried out in parallel at the same time, each plot cattail survival rate, picking time and cattail pollen per mu yield
Performance and first group it is almost the same.
Embodiment 3
The influence situation that seeding row spacing harvests number of days and yield to cattail pollen is further investigated, the implantation methods of medicinal cattail are the same as real
Apply example 1.
In the fertilization time section of late April next year, four groups are applied untreated sheep dung.Wherein ZF-1 seeding row spacing is
30 ± 3cm × 45 ± 3cm, ZF-2 seeding row spacing are 25 ± 3cm × 35 ± 3cm, and ZF-3 seeding row spacing is 20 ± 3cm × 30 ± 3cm,
ZF-4 seeding row spacing is 35 ± 3cm × 55 ± 3cm.Apply untreated sheep dung 370kg/667m2.3 applications are equally divided into, are applied every time
With interval 10 days.It will be understood to those skilled in the art that because the influence of various non-artificial factors, total fertilization amount may exist
Fluctuation/error of ± 5kg；Domestic animal of the untreated sheep dung applied both from local peasant household's free-ranging.
Cattail pollen in four pieces of ground has been harvested it by the harvesting number of days that cattail pollen is determined with observation and sample investigation method completely
Afterwards, the cattail pollen per mu yield and harvesting number of days of different disposal cell are calculated.
The per mu yield of 3 different plant and row spacing of table
It is by the data of table 3 it is found that optimal using the experimental plot general performance of the seeding row spacing of ZF-1, using the seeding row spacing of ZF-2
Experimental plot general performance take second place, and ZF-3, ZF-4 then because seeding row spacing it is not within the scope of the present invention, other plantation
Under the premise of condition is identical, harvesting number of days is longer, certain output condition obviously combines ZF-2 group not as good as ZF-1.
In the second group of identical experiment carried out in parallel at the same time, each plot cattail survival rate, picking time and cattail pollen per mu yield
Performance and first group it is almost the same.
In summary, medicinal cattail is planted using ad hoc approach of the invention, cattail survival rate can be improved, shorten cattail pollen
The harvesting period, improve the yield of unit cultivated area cattail pollen, using conventional method, fertilizer used is opposite to be easy to get this method,
It is suitble to use in low yield ground, there is preferable Technique Popularizing prospect.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention,
It should be equivalent substitute mode, be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail, include the steps that site preparation, transplant planting, weeding, irrigation, fertilising, feature exists
Second year starts after transplanting in, the fertilising the step of, when annual late April cattail is emerged, carries out fertilizer treatment, is applied
Fertilizer be untreated sheep dung, sheep dung application total amount is 300~480kg/667m2, divide 3~5 applications, apply every time
With interval 10~20 days；The seeding row spacing of the transplant planting is 20~40cm × 35~55cm.
2. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the untreated sheep dung
Application total amount is 350~450kg/667m2, point 3~4 applications, each administration interval 10~15 days.
3. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the cattail transplant planting
Seeding row spacing is 25~35cm × 40~50cm.
4. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that for will the step of the site preparation
The planting site chosen scrape out etc. height can water storage pond, basin bottom introduces irrigation water away from 40~60cm of ground.
5. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the weeding is transplanting next year
Start, weeding is primary between annual June~August, is killed using manually method is cut off to reed.
6. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described irrigate is annual spring
April carries out moisturizing to pond, it is ensured that its constant level is maintained at 20~40cm.
7. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the constant level is maintained at
30~40cm.
8. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail described in any one according to claim 1~7, it is characterised in that the cattail
Implantation methods can sandyly, wasteland, beach, pond, implement in marsh.
9. a kind of implantation methods of medicinal cattail, comprising the following steps:
Site preparation: by the planting site chosen scrape out etc. height can water storage pond, basin bottom introduces away from 50 ± 5cm of ground
Irrigation water；
Transplant planting: putting into cattail young plant in pond First Year mid-May in the way of rice transplanting, seeding row spacing be 30 ±
3cm×45±3cm；
Weeding: next year after transplanting, annual June~August are primary using the method weeding manually cut off；
Irrigate: April spring next year carries out moisturizing to hillslope processes, it is ensured that its constant level is maintained at 30~40cm；
Fertilising: second year starts after transplanting, when annual late April cattail is emerged, carries out fertilizer treatment, untreated sheep dung is applied
Entering total amount is 370 ± 5kg/667m2, it is equally divided into 3 applications, each administration interval 10 days.
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| CN114208605A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-22 | 广东众生药业股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating medicinal cattail seedlings |
| CN114208605B (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2023-10-20 | 广东众生药业股份有限公司 | Method for cultivating medicinal typha seedlings |
| CN114600723A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-10 | 淮安康得乐食品有限公司 | Planting method capable of improving quality of cattail |
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Effective date of registration: 20200827 Address after: 523325 Information Industry Park, Shilong Industrial Zone, Shilong Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, West Lake Co-patentee after: GUANGDONG HUANAN PHARMACY Ltd. Patentee after: Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. Co-patentee after: Yunnan Yikang Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. Address before: 523325 Information Industry Park, Shilong Industrial Zone, Shilong Town, Dongguan, Guangdong, West Lake Co-patentee before: GUANGDONG HUANAN PHARMACY Ltd. Patentee before: Guangdong Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd. |