CN109089772A - A kind of implantation methods improving early mature watermelon quality - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods improving early mature watermelon quality Download PDFInfo
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/18—Greenhouses for treating plants with carbon dioxide or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N35/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical
- A01N35/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. aldehyde radical containing aliphatically bound aldehyde or keto groups, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof, e.g. acetals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/02—Saturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/24—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms
- A01N43/26—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings
- A01N43/28—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with two or more hetero atoms five-membered rings with two hetero atoms in positions 1,3
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/12—Iodine, e.g. iodophors; Compounds thereof
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Abstract
The present invention relates to biological husbantry industrial technology fields, disclose a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality, extend the cultivation time of seedling, the supplement of carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer and the control of illumination temperature are carried out after transplanting simultaneously, plant induction is grown up before bud stage, so that not only strain is long for the plant in flowering fruit bearing stage, stem thickness, root is more, blade hypertrophy is dense, full color, it is able to maintain steady growing way, and disease incidence is minimum, photosynthetic rate is high, sugariness of water-melon and nutrient content are improved, young fruit period smears young melon using the regulator prepared, early ageing will not occur for the later period, extend picking time, per plant number can averagely reach 7-8, it is with short production cycle to plant obtained early mature watermelon, yield is high, soluble solid content is high, quality is excellent, flavor is good, high financial profit, it realizes The good quality and high output target of early mature watermelon production is suitble to the early mature watermelon cultivation of large area.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological husbantry industrial technology fields, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality
。
Background technique
Watermelon can be rated as " king in midsummer ", clearly quench one's thirst, taste sugariness succulence, be midsummer good fruit, watermelon except not fatty and
Outside cholesterol, containing substances such as a large amount of glucose, malic acid, fructose, Argine Monohydrochloride, tomatin and vitamin Cs abundant, it is
One kind is rich in very high nutrition, pure, edible safety food.Flesh meat sugar content is generally 5-12%, including glucose, fructose and
Sucrose.Sugariness increases with the increase of mature later period sucrose.It can cultivate all over China.South using Hainan Island as major production areas,
Due to its exclusive climatic characteristic, watermelon is abounded with throughout the year, it is numerous in variety.The north is to be main plantation along one line of the Yellow River
Band, the Yellow River two sides soil is fertile, sand soil property optimum watermelon growing, and the melon born is not only sweet tea but also plays sand.Up to Gansu Lanzhou,
Down toward Shaanxi, Hebei, Henan, Shandong.Wherein Shandong is the main producing region of watermelon, is concentrated mainly on Liaocheng, the east of western Shandong
The ground such as bright, Weifang, Changle, Dezhou, Surabaja.
With popularizing for greenhouse gardening technology, many fruit can enjoy at all seasons, wherein most popular wants
Belong to watermelon.Early mature watermelon can not only bring the fairly high profit listed in advance, and can avoid summer bring high temperature and rainy
A series of watermelon plant diseases caused.But due to being affected by the climate, nutrition formation condition is not achieved early mature watermelon simultaneously
It is required that the accumulation of sugar and moisture is inadequate, cause the quality of watermelon not as good as late-maturing watermelon.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is being directed to existing problem, a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality are provided, in fact
The good quality and high output target of early mature watermelon production is showed.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
It is a kind of improve early mature watermelon quality implantation methods, method the following steps are included:
(1) seedling that early mature watermelon kind is cultivated at the beginning of 1 month, in mid-February by the morning after mulch, arch shed membrane bimodulus nursery
Ripe watermelon seedlings are transplanted to greenhouse, and transplanting planting density is 260-280 plants/acre, and growth 1-2 days is protected from light after transplanting, transplant first 2
Month base manure is applied to planting site, and uses rice straw mulching, greenhouse gardening ground base manure are as follows: the chicken manure that thousand grams/acre of 550-560,25-30
Thousand grams/acre of compound fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate that thousand grams/acre of 22-24, the potassium sulfate that thousand grams/acre of 17-18；
(2) it selects the cloudy day to increase carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer into greenhouse after seedling replanting 8-10 days, gas concentration lwevel in canopy is made to exist
1.04-1.05 g kgs of range increases rear closed greenhouse, opens temperature of shed after 28-30 DEG C of range, 2-3 hours logical
Draw bar is inserted perpendicularly into planting soil by wind, akala upwards fix plant the direction of growth, into bud stage before 7-8 days again
Plant is crawled to put down, and removes weak branch and root 2-3 piece old leaf nearby；
(3) after watermelon enters the phase of bearing fruit, fertilizer is increased by several times after each irrigate, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium control are in 13.8-
14.0:9.5-9.7:4.6-4.9 proportional region smears young melon using the regulator of preparation, dosage is 0.8-1.0 milliliter/, altogether
Using 4-5 times, every minor tick 3-5 days, the regulator is made of following component in parts by weight: 1.2-1.4 parts of acetic acid, third
2.0-2.5 parts of ketone, 3.0-3.5 parts of glycerol, 0.7-0.8 parts of propene carbonate, 0.4-0.6 parts of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, potassium iodide
2.3-2.5 parts of aqueous solution, 8-10 parts of water.
It is further described as to above scheme, in step (1) the watermelon seedlings cultivating process, by seed in 32-
Vernalization is carried out at 33 DEG C.
It being further described as to above scheme, step (2) described carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer, which increases, to be carried out continuously 2-3 times,
Selection carries out in the morning.
It is further described as to above scheme, titanium dioxide is carried out using combustion gas carbon-dioxide generator in step (2)
Carbon increases.
It is further described as to above scheme, after step (3) first batch of watermelon harvest, increases urea and compound
Fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 4.4-4.6:2.3-2.4:1.7-1.9.
It is further described as to above scheme, the potassium iodide aqueous solution mass concentration is 8-10%.
The present invention is had the advantage that compared with prior art in order to solve the problems, such as that existing early mature watermelon is poor quality, of the invention
A kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality are provided, the cultivation time of seedling is extended, while carrying out two after transplanting
The supplement of carbonoxide gas fertilizer and the control of illumination temperature, grow up plant induction before bud stage, so that being in flowers and fruits
Not only strain is long for the plant of phase, stem thickness, root is more, blade hypertrophy is dense, full color, is able to maintain steady growing way, and disease
Incidence is minimum, and photosynthetic rate is high, and sugariness of water-melon and nutrient content are improved, and young fruit period is smeared using the regulator prepared
Early ageing will not occur for young melon, later period, extend picking time, and per plant number can averagely reach 7-8, the precocity planted
Watermelon is with short production cycle, and yield is high, and soluble solid content is high, and quality is excellent, and flavor is good, and high financial profit realizes precocity
The good quality and high output target of watermelon production is suitble to the early mature watermelon cultivation of large area.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect clearer, clear and definite, combined with specific embodiments below to this hair
It is bright to be described further, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, is not used to limit
Technical solution provided by the present invention.
Embodiment 1
It is a kind of improve early mature watermelon quality implantation methods, method the following steps are included:
(1) seedling that early mature watermelon kind is cultivated at the beginning of 1 month, in mid-February by the morning after mulch, arch shed membrane bimodulus nursery
Ripe watermelon seedlings are transplanted to greenhouse, and transplanting planting density is 260 plants/acre, and growth 1 day is protected from light after transplanting, transplant first 2 months to kind
It plants ground and applies base manure, and use rice straw mulching, greenhouse gardening ground base manure are as follows: 550,000 grams/acre of chicken manure, 25,000 grams/acre compound
Fertilizer, 22,000 grams/acre of calcium superphosphate, 17,000 grams/acre of potassium sulfate；
(2) it selects the cloudy day to increase carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer into greenhouse after seedling replanting 8 days, gas concentration lwevel in canopy is made to exist
1.04-1.05 g kgs of range increases rear closed greenhouse, and temperature of shed is made to open ventilation after 28-30 DEG C of range, 2 hours,
Draw bar is inserted perpendicularly into planting soil, akala upwards fix plant the direction of growth, into bud stage before 7 days again by plant
It crawls to put down, and removes weak branch and root 2 old leaf nearby；
(3) after watermelon enters the phase of bearing fruit, fertilizer is increased by several times after each irrigate, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium control are in 13.8-
14.0:9.5-9.7:4.6-4.9 proportional region smears young melon using the regulator of preparation, and dosage is 0.8 milliliter/, is used altogether
4 times, every minor tick 3 days, the regulator is made of following component in parts by weight: 1.2 parts of acetic acid, 2.0 parts of acetone, glycerol
3.0 parts, 0.7 part of propene carbonate, 0.4 part of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, 2.3 parts of potassium iodide aqueous solution, 8 parts of water.
It is further described as to above scheme, in step (1) the watermelon seedlings cultivating process, by seed at 32 DEG C
Lower carry out vernalization.
It is further described as to above scheme, step (2) described carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer, which increases, is carried out continuously 2 times,
Selection carries out in the morning.
It is further described as to above scheme, titanium dioxide is carried out using combustion gas carbon-dioxide generator in step (2)
Carbon increases.
It is further described as to above scheme, after step (3) first batch of watermelon harvest, increases urea and compound
Fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 4.4:2.3:1.7.
It is further described as to above scheme, the potassium iodide aqueous solution mass concentration is 8%.
Embodiment 2
It is a kind of improve early mature watermelon quality implantation methods, method the following steps are included:
(1) seedling that early mature watermelon kind is cultivated at the beginning of 1 month, in mid-February by the morning after mulch, arch shed membrane bimodulus nursery
Ripe watermelon seedlings are transplanted to greenhouse, and transplanting planting density is 270 plants/acre, and growth 1 day is protected from light after transplanting, transplant first 2 months to kind
It plants ground and applies base manure, and use rice straw mulching, greenhouse gardening ground base manure are as follows: 555,000 grams/acre of chicken manure, 28,000 grams/acre compound
Fertilizer, 23,000 grams/acre of calcium superphosphate, 17.5 thousand grams/acre of potassium sulfate；
(2) it selects the cloudy day to increase carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer into greenhouse after seedling replanting 9 days, gas concentration lwevel in canopy is made to exist
1.04-1.05 g kgs of range increases rear closed greenhouse, opens temperature of shed after 28-30 DEG C of range, 2.5 hours logical
Draw bar is inserted perpendicularly into planting soil by wind, akala upwards fix plant the direction of growth, into bud stage before 7 days again will
Plant crawls to put down, and removes weak branch and root 2 old leaf nearby；
(3) after watermelon enters the phase of bearing fruit, fertilizer is increased by several times after each irrigate, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium control are in 13.8-
14.0:9.5-9.7:4.6-4.9 proportional region smears young melon using the regulator of preparation, dosage is 0.8-1.0 milliliter/, altogether
Using 4 times, every minor tick 4 days, the regulator is made of following component in parts by weight: 1.3 parts of acetic acid, 2.2 parts of acetone,
3.3 parts of glycerol, 0.75 part of propene carbonate, 0.5 part of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, 2.4 parts of potassium iodide aqueous solution, 9 parts of water.
It is further described as to above scheme, in step (1) the watermelon seedlings cultivating process, by seed 32.5
Vernalization is carried out at DEG C.
It is further described as to above scheme, step (2) described carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer, which increases, is carried out continuously 2 times,
Selection carries out in the morning.
It is further described as to above scheme, titanium dioxide is carried out using combustion gas carbon-dioxide generator in step (2)
Carbon increases.
It is further described as to above scheme, after step (3) first batch of watermelon harvest, increases urea and compound
Fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 4.5:2.35:1.8.
It is further described as to above scheme, the potassium iodide aqueous solution mass concentration is 9%.
Embodiment 3
It is a kind of improve early mature watermelon quality implantation methods, method the following steps are included:
(1) seedling that early mature watermelon kind is cultivated at the beginning of 1 month, in mid-February by the morning after mulch, arch shed membrane bimodulus nursery
Ripe watermelon seedlings are transplanted to greenhouse, and transplanting planting density is 280 plants/acre, and growth 2 days is protected from light after transplanting, transplant first 2 months to kind
It plants ground and applies base manure, and use rice straw mulching, greenhouse gardening ground base manure are as follows: 560,000 grams/acre of chicken manure, 30,000 grams/acre compound
Fertilizer, 24,000 grams/acre of calcium superphosphate, 18,000 grams/acre of potassium sulfate；
(2) it selects the cloudy day to increase carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer into greenhouse after seedling replanting 10 days, gas concentration lwevel in canopy is made to exist
1.04-1.05 g kgs of range increases rear closed greenhouse, and temperature of shed is made to open ventilation after 28-30 DEG C of range, 3 hours,
Draw bar is inserted perpendicularly into planting soil, akala upwards fix plant the direction of growth, into bud stage before 8 days again by plant
It crawls to put down, and removes weak branch and root 3 old leaf nearby；
(3) after watermelon enters the phase of bearing fruit, fertilizer is increased by several times after each irrigate, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium control are in 13.8-
14.0:9.5-9.7:4.6-4.9 proportional region smears young melon using the regulator of preparation, and dosage is 1.0 milliliters/, is used altogether
5 times, every minor tick 5 days, the regulator is made of following component in parts by weight: 1.4 parts of acetic acid, 2.5 parts of acetone, glycerol
3.5 parts, 0.8 part of propene carbonate, 0.6 part of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, 2.5 parts of potassium iodide aqueous solution, 10 parts of water.
It is further described as to above scheme, in step (1) the watermelon seedlings cultivating process, by seed at 33 DEG C
Lower carry out vernalization.
It is further described as to above scheme, step (2) described carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer, which increases, is carried out continuously 3 times,
Selection carries out in the morning.
It is further described as to above scheme, titanium dioxide is carried out using combustion gas carbon-dioxide generator in step (2)
Carbon increases.
It is further described as to above scheme, after step (3) first batch of watermelon harvest, increases urea and compound
Fertilizer, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 4.6:2.4:1.9.
It is further described as to above scheme, the potassium iodide aqueous solution mass concentration is 10%.
Comparative example 1
Difference with embodiment 1 is only that at the beginning of by seedling replanting time advance to 2 months in step (1), remaining is consistent.
Comparative example 2
Difference with embodiment 2 is only that, is omitted in step (1) and is protected from light treatment process after transplanting, remaining is consistent.
Comparative example 3
Difference with embodiment 3 is only that, is omitted step (2) and is increased carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer and draw the mistake that melon vine is grown up
Journey, remaining is consistent.
Comparative example 4
Difference with embodiment 3 is only that, omits the use of regulator in step (3), is substituted with gibberellin growth regulator,
It is remaining to be consistent.
Comparative experiments
Respectively using method plantation " early good " variety of watermelon of embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-4, while with non-greenhouse at the beginning of 3 months
Conventional growth of watermelon method as a control group, keep test in each group irrelevant variable it is consistent, measure each group watermelon growing and
Yield situation and tied watermelon nutrient composition content measure test result, and record is as shown in the table:
The early mature watermelon that the present invention plants is with short production cycle, and yield is high, and soluble solid content is high, and quality is excellent, flavor
Good, high financial profit realizes the good quality and high output target of early mature watermelon production, is suitble to the early mature watermelon cultivation of large area, is one
Plant the technology used that should be widely promoted.
Claims (6)
1. it is a kind of improve early mature watermelon quality implantation methods, which is characterized in that method the following steps are included:
(1) seedling that early mature watermelon kind is cultivated at the beginning of 1 month, in mid-February by the morning after mulch, arch shed membrane bimodulus nursery
Ripe watermelon seedlings are transplanted to greenhouse, and transplanting planting density is 260-280 plants/acre, and growth 1-2 days is protected from light after transplanting, transplant first 2
Month base manure is applied to planting site, and uses rice straw mulching, greenhouse gardening ground base manure are as follows: the chicken manure that thousand grams/acre of 550-560,25-30
Thousand grams/acre of compound fertilizer, the calcium superphosphate that thousand grams/acre of 22-24, the potassium sulfate that thousand grams/acre of 17-18；
(2) it selects the cloudy day to increase carbon-dioxide gasfertilizer into greenhouse after seedling replanting 8-10 days, gas concentration lwevel in canopy is made to exist
1.04-1.05 g kgs of range increases rear closed greenhouse, opens temperature of shed after 28-30 DEG C of range, 2-3 hours logical
Draw bar is inserted perpendicularly into planting soil by wind, akala upwards fix plant the direction of growth, into bud stage before 7-8 days again
Plant is crawled to put down, and removes weak branch and root 2-3 piece old leaf nearby；
(3) after watermelon enters the phase of bearing fruit, fertilizer is increased by several times after each irrigate, Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium control are in 13.8-
14.0:9.5-9.7:4.6-4.9 proportional region smears young melon using the regulator of preparation, dosage is 0.8-1.0 milliliter/, altogether
Using 4-5 times, every minor tick 3-5 days, the regulator is made of following component in parts by weight: 1.2-1.4 parts of acetic acid, third
2.0-2.5 parts of ketone, 3.0-3.5 parts of glycerol, 0.7-0.8 parts of propene carbonate, 0.4-0.6 parts of ethyl 2-methylbutyrate, potassium iodide
2.3-2.5 parts of aqueous solution, 8-10 parts of water.
2. a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) described west
During melon seedling culture, seed is subjected to vernalization at 32-33 DEG C.
3. a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) described two
Carbonoxide gas fertilizer, which increases, to be carried out continuously 2-3 times, and selection carries out in the morning.
4. a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that used in step (2)
Combustion gas carbon-dioxide generator carries out carbon dioxide and increases.
5. a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step (3) described the
After one batch of watermelon harvest, urea and compound fertilizer are increased, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are 4.4-4.6:2.3-2.4:1.7-1.9.
6. a kind of implantation methods for improving early mature watermelon quality as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the potassium iodide is water-soluble
Liquid mass concentration is 8-10%.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116210538A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-06-06 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for improving fruit setting rate and quality of watermelon cultivated in spring sowing and early maturing facilities |
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