CN108934867B - Intensive and directional planting method for tinospora cordifolia - Google Patents
Intensive and directional planting method for tinospora cordifolia Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934867B CN108934867B CN201810709739.8A CN201810709739A CN108934867B CN 108934867 B CN108934867 B CN 108934867B CN 201810709739 A CN201810709739 A CN 201810709739A CN 108934867 B CN108934867 B CN 108934867B
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for planting tinospora root intensive and directional tuber bearing, which comprises the steps of selecting a plastic hard pipe with the diameter of 80-90 cm and the length of 1 m, forming a plurality of air vent holes on the pipe wall of the plastic hard pipe to form porous planting grooves, and vertically placing the porous planting grooves on a foundation of a planting field; planting the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings in a porous planting groove and covering the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings with planting nutrient soil; then the seeds are subjected to water and fertilizer management, sun shading management and cultivation management until the seeds are harvested. Through the improvement of the planting environment of the tinospora sinensis, the rapid propagation and the potato bearing of the tinospora sinensis are promoted, and meanwhile, the directional potato bearing of the tinospora sinensis is controlled by planting the tinospora sinensis seedlings in the porous planting grooves, so that the harvesting of the tinospora sinensis blocks after delivery is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to an intensive and directional planting method for tinospora cordifolia.
Background
Tinospora caerulea (Tinospora capllipes Gagnep.) is a vine plant of the genus Tinospora of the family Menispermaceae, and the medicinal part is an underground dry root tuber thereof. Has effects of clearing away heat and toxic materials, relieving sore throat, and relieving pain, and can be used for treating various inflammations, such as swelling and pain of throat, tonsillitis, acute gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery, carbuncle, furuncle, etc.; the topical extract can be applied by grinding into juice or grinding into powder for treating phlebitis and venomous snake bite. Mainly produced in Guangxi, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Hubei, Hunan and other places, is a common traditional Chinese medicine, and the root tuber contains tetrandrine, currbin, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, African tetrandrine, stephanine, dauricine and magnoflorine. Pharmacological research shows that the tinospora root has obvious functions of diminishing inflammation, relieving pain, resisting bacteria, resisting tumor, lowering blood sugar, resisting stress, resisting ulcer, detoxicating, etc.
At present, the tinospora root medicinal material is mainly derived from wild resources. As the demand of the market for medicinal materials is greatly increased, the wild resources are excessively mined, and the wild resources tend to be deficient. Under natural conditions, tinospora cordifolia grows sporadically in sparse forest gentle slopes, overground parts climb upwards on rocks or forest stems, grow very slowly, underground rattan-shaped main roots go deep into soil to form a string of expanded potato blocks, lateral roots are fibrous, and the potatoes are difficult to grow. Meanwhile, the underground main roots of the tinospora sinensis are not directionally extended, the collection of underground potato blocks is very troublesome, and if the underground potato blocks are planted in a centralized manner, the rapid potato bearing cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to solve at least the above drawbacks and to provide advantages which will be explained later.
In order to realize the purposes and other advantages of the invention, the invention provides a planting method of the intensive and directional tuber of tinospora cordifolia, which comprises the steps of selecting a plastic hard pipe with the diameter of 80-90 cm and the length of 1 m, forming a plurality of air vents on the pipe wall of the plastic hard pipe to form a porous planting groove, and vertically placing the porous planting groove on a foundation of a planting field; planting the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings in a porous planting groove and covering the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings with planting nutrient soil; then the seeds are subjected to water and fertilizer management, sun shading management and cultivation management until the seeds are harvested. The management is carried out according to the growth habit of the tinospora capillipes, so that the tinospora capillipes can be rapidly bred and bear potatoes, the problem that the potato tuber is difficult to collect due to the fact that the tinospora capillipes grows in an undirected mode underground is solved, and labor cost is saved.
In other words, the invention discloses a method for planting the intensive and directional tuber of tinospora cordifolia, which comprises the following steps: selecting a plastic hard pipe with the diameter of 80-90 cm and the length of 1 m, forming a plurality of air vent holes on the pipe wall of the plastic hard pipe to form a porous planting groove, and vertically placing the porous planting groove on a foundation of a planting field; planting the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings in a porous planting groove and covering the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings with planting nutrient soil; then carrying out water and fertilizer management, sun shading management and cultivation management to harvest; the plurality of air holes are formed in the pipe wall of the plastic hard pipe, so that the permeability of the tinospora sinensis plant in the growth environment in the growth process is met, and the phenomenon that the root system of the tinospora sinensis plant is rotten or potato blocks are rotten due to excessive water is avoided.
Preferably, the foundation treatment comprises the steps of: building a planting field into a planting pond with the width of 1-1.5 m and 12-16 porous planting grooves as a group, paving a layer of stones with the thickness of 2-3 cm on the foundation, and paving a layer of middlings with the thickness of 3-5 cm on the stones. Through setting up the ground, avoided porous planting groove to sink into in the soil because weight is overweight and lead to the bottom permeability of porous planting groove not good, and influenced the growth of tinospora capillipes plant, moreover utilized the heat conductivility of stone and the water retention ability of sand and the permeability of the two, built suitable growing environment for tinospora capillipes.
Preferably, the planting nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of peat soil, 15-20 parts of calcite powder, 5-8 parts of shell powder, 4-5 parts of humic acid phosphate fertilizer, 20-25 parts of yellow silt and 10-15 parts of carbonized rice husk, wherein the high-strength porous structure of the shell powder plays a good water breathing function, the humidity in planting nutrient soil is adjusted, and dew condensation and microorganism generation are prevented; the carbonized rice hulls are in a microporous loose structure, so that the soil and water are favorably purified, the soil is loosened, the pH value of the soil is adjusted, strong seedlings are favorably cultivated, and the crop yield is improved; the humic acid phosphate fertilizer contains more active genes, is beneficial to improving the pH value of soil and adsorbing mineral elements in the soil to improve the fertilizer efficiency, also contains various functional groups, has stimulation effect on the growth and development of crops and physiological metabolism in vivo, enables the root system of the crops to be elongated, increases the capacity of absorbing water and nutrients, and also has the functions of buffering and reducing adverse effects; the calcite powder provides calcium for the planting nutrient soil; the peat soil not only has strong water retention and water absorption, but also can be fully exerted by matching with the fertilizer efficiency of various fertilizers.
Preferably, the planting of the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings specifically comprises the following steps:
will porous planting groove is put immediately on the ground, again with the tinospora capillipes seedling plant in the intermediate position of porous planting groove, the planting depth is 8~10 centimetres, does benefit to and is fixed in porous planting groove with the tinospora capillipes, prevents its lodging, then uses it fills up to plant nutrient soil porous planting groove is with fixed tinospora capillipes seedling, and the root is decided through watering at last, promotes the plant to the contact of new environment, in time adapts to the environment of nutrient soil and absorbs the quick propagation of nutrition.
Preferably, the liquid manure pipe protection specifically comprises:
installing water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment on the porous planting groove, and carrying out drip irrigation 3-5 times per month to keep the water content in the planting nutrient soil within the range of 40% -60%;
after rooting of the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings, spraying 0.5% monopotassium phosphate aqueous solution for 2-3 times every month until the leaf surfaces are wet but do not drip water; and 0.3% potassium humate solution is used for drip irrigation for 3-5 times every month until the leaf surface is wet but does not drip water, so that phosphorus and potassium are quickly supplemented, nitrogen and phosphorus absorption of crops is promoted, nutrient substance manufacturing and transformation are accelerated, crop yield is improved, and potato block expansion is promoted.
Preferably, the sunshade management specifically includes: burying steel pipes underground and fixing the steel pipes according to the plant spacing of 5-6 meters and the row spacing of 4-5 meters, and then using steel wire ropes for traction to connect the steel pipes with each other to form a sun shading frame; the steel wire rope and the steel pipe are fixedly connected through the clamping groove at the top of the steel pipe, and then the sunshade frame is covered by the circular screen, so that the situation that the growth of the tinospora plant is inhibited and even wilted due to over-strong light and over-high temperature in the growth process of the tinospora plant is avoided.
Preferably, the cultivation management specifically includes: 1 month after the plant roots are settled, spraying 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl to the tinospora plants for sterilization and disinfection, and interfering the formation of pathogenic bacteria hypha to influence the division of pathogenic bacteria cells so as to kill pathogenic bacteria and prevent diseases of various crops; then, the plants are drawn to the sunshade frame, and the ventilation among the plants in the planting pond is kept; meanwhile, weak branches and tendrils are trimmed, diseased branches and diseased leaves are removed, and insects are repelled to the plants regularly.
Preferably, the round wire mesh is a green round wire mesh with a shading rate of about 80%, and the round wire mesh at least covers the part of the tinospora plant exposed out of the nutrient soil, so that the plant is prevented from being influenced by direct illumination and the heated degree of the plant is reduced.
Preferably, the distance between the air holes is 10 cm, the aperture of the air holes is 1 cm, the requirement of plants on breathing and air permeability is met, and if the air holes are too large, the nutrient soil is loosened or potato blocks grow into porous planting grooves.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
1. the foundation treatment is adopted to create a suitable growth environment for the growth of the tinospora capillipes plant, so that the plant can adapt to the environment quickly, and water storage and heat dissipation are facilitated during the quick growth of the plant in the later period.
2. Through the preparation of the planting nutrient soil, a good growth environment is created for the growth of the tinospora capillipes plant, the nutrient components required by the growth of the plant are provided, and the absorption of the plant to the nutrient components is promoted so as to realize rapid growth and propagation.
3. The tinospora capillipes is planted in the porous planting groove, so that potato blocks of the tinospora capillipes grow directionally in the porous planting groove, and the harvesting of the tinospora capillipes in the later period is facilitated.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the porous planting groove of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the porous planting groove 1 is a plastic hard pipe with a diameter of 80-90 cm and a length of 1 m; the pipe wall of the plastic hard pipe is provided with a plurality of air holes 2, the distance between the air holes 2 is 10 cm, and the aperture of each air hole 2 is 1 cm.
Example 1
An intensive and directional planting method for tinospora cordifolia comprises the following steps:
Step 3, preparing planting nutrient soil: respectively weighing 40 kg of peat soil, 20 kg of calcite powder, 6 kg of shell powder, 5 kg of humic acid phosphate fertilizer, 23 kg of yellow silt and 13 kg of carbonized rice husk, and then uniformly mixing the raw materials for later use.
Step 4, planting the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings: vertically placing the porous planting groove on the foundation, planting 2 Tinospora cordifolia seedlings in the middle of the porous planting groove, filling the porous planting groove with the nutrient soil to fix the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings, wherein the planting depth of the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings is 8 cm, and finally watering to fix roots.
Step 5, water and fertilizer management and protection:
installing water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment on the porous planting groove, and carrying out drip irrigation for 3 times every month, namely irrigating once every 10 days, so that the water content in the planting nutrient soil is always kept in the range of 40-60%;
after rooting of the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings, spraying 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 3 times per month until the leaf surfaces of the plants are wet without dripping water; in addition, 0.3% potassium humate solution is used for drip irrigation for 5 times per month until the leaf surface of the plant is wet but does not drip water;
and (5) protecting the water and fertilizer until harvesting.
Step 6, sun shading management: inserting and burying steel pipes underground according to the plant spacing of 5 meters and the row spacing of 5 meters for fixing, and then drawing by using steel wire ropes to connect the steel pipes to form a sunshade frame; and the steel wire rope and the steel pipe are fixedly connected by the clamping groove at the top of the steel pipe, and then the sunshade frame is covered by the round wire net. The round wire mesh is a green round wire mesh with shading rate of about 80%, and at least covers the part of the tinospora plant exposed out of the nutrient soil.
Step 7, cultivation management: spraying 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl to the Tinospora cordifolia plants for sterilization and disinfection 1 month after the plants are rooted, then drawing the plants to a sun-shading frame, and keeping ventilation among the plants in the planting pond; and simultaneously trimming weak branches and tendrils, removing diseased branches and diseased leaves, and expelling insects once a month until the plants are harvested.
Comparative example 1
step 3, after the seedlings grow to 1 foot, erecting to pull the branches and tendrils to grow upwards, and erecting a shed to shade the sun;
and 4, fertilizing the tinospora plants by using a mixed aqueous solution of a decomposed fertilizer and a compound fertilizer about 50 days after planting until the plant soil is moist but does not overflow.
And 5, spraying 0.2 mass percent of Gendaling solution on the leaf surfaces of the plants 3 months after planting until the leaf surfaces are moist but do not drip water.
96 plants of tinospora capillipes are planted simultaneously by adopting the methods of the examples and the comparative examples respectively, and harvested simultaneously after 5 years of planting, and the obtained results are as follows:
| item | Example 1 | Comparative example 1 |
| Total harvest (g) of radix tinosporae blocks | 5760 | 1828.8 |
| Weight (g) of mechanical breakage of the Tibet potato pieces resulting from harvesting | 0 | 609.6 |
| Average single piece of radix tinosporaeWeight (g) | 10 | 6.35 |
| Average number of single plant radix tinosporae bearing potato | 5～8 | 2～4 |
By comparing the data, compared with the potato blocks planted by the traditional method, the potato blocks planted by the tinospora root planted by the method disclosed by the invention have the following weight:
the weight of the potato blocks obtained by the method is obviously higher than that of the potato blocks obtained by the traditional method;
in addition, during harvesting, the tinospora sinensis blocks planted by the method can be rapidly harvested through the porous planting groove; in the traditional method, the harvesting needs a harvesting tool, and the obtained potato blocks are easily damaged by the harvesting tool;
moreover, the weight of the single piece of the tinospora sinensis blocks obtained by planting by the method is obviously heavier than that of the tinospora sinensis blocks obtained by the traditional method;
moreover, the number of the single-plant tinospora cordifolia planted by the method is obviously higher than that of the single-plant tinospora cordifolia planted by the traditional method.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. The invention is therefore not to be limited to the specific details described herein, without departing from the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. An intensive and directional planting method for tinospora cordifolia, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting a plastic hard pipe with the diameter of 80-90 cm and the length of 1 m, forming a plurality of air vent holes on the pipe wall of the plastic hard pipe to form a porous planting groove, and vertically placing the porous planting groove on a foundation of a planting field;
planting the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings in a porous planting groove and covering the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings with planting nutrient soil;
then carrying out water and fertilizer management, sun shading management and cultivation management to harvest;
wherein the foundation of the planting field is pretreated by the following steps: building a planting field into a planting pond with the width of 1-1.5 m and 12-16 porous planting grooves as a group, paving a layer of stones with the thickness of 2-3 cm on the foundation, and paving a layer of middlings with the thickness of 3-5 cm on the stones;
the planting nutrient soil comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of peat soil, 15-20 parts of calcite powder, 5-8 parts of shell powder, 4-5 parts of humic acid phosphate fertilizer, 20-25 parts of yellow sand and 10-15 parts of carbonized rice husk;
the sunshade management specifically includes: embedding steel pipes into the ground and fixing the steel pipes according to the row spacing of 5-6 m and the row spacing of 4-5 m, and then, using a steel wire rope for traction to connect the steel pipes to form a sun shading frame; the steel wire rope and the steel pipe are fixedly connected through a clamping groove at the top of the steel pipe, and then the sun shading frame is covered by a circular wire net;
the cultivation management specifically comprises: spraying 800-1000 times of liquid of 50% thiophanate methyl to the Tinospora cordifolia plants for sterilization and disinfection 1 month after the plants are rooted, then drawing the plants to the sun-shading frame, and keeping ventilation among the plants in the planting pond; meanwhile, weak branches and tendrils are trimmed, diseased branches and diseased leaves are removed, and insects are repelled to the plants regularly.
2. The method for planting the intensive and directional tuber of tinospora cordifolia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the planting of the tinospora cordifolia seedlings comprises the following steps:
vertically placing the porous planting groove on the foundation, planting the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings in the middle of the porous planting groove with the planting depth of 8-10 cm, filling the porous planting groove with the planting nutrient soil, and watering to fix roots.
3. The method for planting the intensive and directional tuber of tinospora cordifolia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water and fertilizer management and protection comprises:
installing water and fertilizer integrated drip irrigation equipment on the porous planting groove, and carrying out drip irrigation 3-5 times per month to keep the water content in the planting nutrient soil within the range of 40% -60%;
after rooting of the Tinospora cordifolia seedlings, spraying 0.5% monopotassium phosphate aqueous solution for 2-3 times every month until the leaf surfaces are wet but do not drip water; and dripping the solution for 3 to 5 times by 0.3 percent potassium humate solution every month until the leaf surface is wet but does not drip.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the gauze is a green gauze with a shading rate of about 80%, and the gauze covers at least the part of the Tinospora cordifolia plant exposed to the nutrient soil.
5. The method for planting the intensive directional tuber of tinospora cordifolia as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between said air holes is 10 cm, and the diameter of said air holes is 1 cm.
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| CN111869528A (en) * | 2020-07-25 | 2020-11-03 | 桂林市农业科学研究中心 | Overhead potato-bearing cultivation method for Chinese yam overhead planting |
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