CN108934822A - The cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production, prepare including pepper seed, seedling medium prepares and cultivates pepper seedling, it further include soil application, subsoiling ploughing and rotary tillage, the grown layer that soil is divided into particle greatly from the bottom up after subsoiling ploughing and rotary tillage and the basal layer and particle of consolidation are small and soft；Ridging is moved towards along greenhouse using ridger；The work for being laid with drip irrigation zone and mulch is once completed using multi-functional laminating machine；Using full-automatic or semi-automatic transplanter to seedling age 45~50 days, the pepper seedling of 15~18cm of plant height, 6~8 true leaves carry out transplant planting, by pepper seedling transplant planting in the grown layer and its cotyledon is flushed with ground.This method avoids soil hardening or artificial compacting by mechanized farming capsicum, so that its root system is obtained normal effectively breathing, is conducive to absorb nutrition, also solves the problem of artificial cultivation capsicum labor intensity is high, and the amount of labour used is big, and production cost rises year by year.

Description

The cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production

Technical field

The present invention relates to pepper planting technical field, in particular to a kind of corresponding cultivation of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production Method.

Background technique

Capsicum is important vegetable crop, and recently as the fast development of industrialized agriculture, the facility spring is done sth. in advance, and the autumn is delayed peppery Green pepper cultivation production development is rapid, occupies an important position in high-efficiency agriculture.Capsicum shallow root plant, root system development is weaker, wood Suberification degree is higher, and power of regeneration is poor, and root amount is few, and basal part of stem is not susceptible to adventitious root.Capsicum root system is also not so good as tomato, eggplant etc. Prosperity, the long adventitious root less as tomato.The capsicum of transplanting is since main root is cut off, and depth is generally 25~30 centimetres, root System is mainly distributed in 5~20 cm layer of soil.The root system of capsicum is not drought-enduring, and is afraid of flood, stringent to oxygen requirements.Currently, facility The do mechanization operation degree of capsicum production is lower, and the links such as cultivated site preparation, pipe laying overlay film, transplanting, fertilising in production process are main Based on artificial, not only be easy to cause soil hardening or artificial compacting, make capsicum root system can not eupnea, and it is strong to work Degree is high, and the amount of labour used is big, and production cost rises year by year.

In conclusion a kind of be conducive to the plantation of capsicum large area, and guarantee fertile soil and the soft capsicum root system that is conducive to is exhaled Cultivation technique is inhaled urgently to develop.

Summary of the invention

In view of the foregoing deficiencies of prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultural methods, to solve soil Earth is hardened or artificial compacting, make capsicum root system can not eupnea the problem of；

The purpose of invention, which also resides in, provides a kind of cultural method, with solve labor intensity height, the amount of labour used is big, production cost by The problem of year rises.

In order to achieve the above objects and other related objects, it includes that pepper seed prepares, seedling medium prepares that the present invention, which provides, And pepper seedling is cultivated, it is further comprising the steps of:

Ridging prepares: spreading fertilizer over the fields organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer using fertilizer applicator before arable land；It is about 30~40% in soil moisture content When, ploughshare formula pears, subsoiler completion soil subsoiling ploughing link are worn using tractor, subsoiling plow tilth is greater than 20cm, deep Rotary cultivator rotary tillage is used after loose ploughing, rotary tillage depth is maintained at 12~15cm, and soil will pass through at least 2 rotary tillages, soil warp The grown layer for being divided into that particle is big and the basal layer and particle of consolidation are small and soft from the bottom up is crossed after subsoiling and rotary tillage.

Arable land ridging: moving towards ridging along greenhouse using ridger, ridging 20~25cm of height, ridge 75~80cm of top width, 100~110cm of ridge bottom width, 40~45cm of furrow width, the smooth micro- reality in ridge face, two sides furrow keeping parallelism；

Pipe laying overlay film: the work for being laid with drip irrigation zone and mulch is once completed using multi-functional laminating machine；

Transplant planting: transplanting need to suitably water to pepper seedling for first 1 day, using full-automatic or semi-automatic transplanter to tool There is seedling age 45~50 days, the pepper seedling of 15~18cm of plant height, 6~8 true leaves carry out transplant planting, adjust transplanting line-spacing, strain Away from and planting depth, by pepper seedling transplant planting in the grown layer and its cotyledon is flushed with ground.

Preferably, pepper seed prepares: selecting tolerance to low temperature and weak light, early yield is high, and disease resistance is good, and resistance is stronger peppery Green pepper seed is placed in 50~55 DEG C of warm water the 5h that soaks seed, and 0.5~1h of disinfection in 500 times 50% of carbendazol is placed into, after pulling out The vernalization under 25~30 DEG C of environment is rinsed well with clear water, starts to sow until pepper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.

Preferably, 20~25cm of ridging height, ridge 75~80cm of top width, 100~110cm of ridge bottom width, 40~45cm of furrow width； Rotary tillage and ridging are completed using rotary tillage, ridging all-in-one machine.

Preferably, seedling medium prepares: by peat: vermiculite: perlite is equal with the mass ratio mixing of 6:3:1~9:3:1 Even is basic matrix, and 1.5~2kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is added in every cubic metre of base matrix, while the carbendazim of addition 50% can 250~300g of wet powder carries out disinfection, and when stirring adds water to adjust water content to 55%~65% in right amount, reuses plastic film Covering sealing 2~3 days, forms seedling medium.

Preferably, it cultivates pepper seedling: seedling medium is fitted into hole tray, hole tray is 72 holes, keeps seedling medium equal It is even, it is loose, it cannot be compacted occur hollow, 1~2 pepper seed of every bunch planting kind, seed bud is downward and is placed in cave center, The seedling medium for covering 1~1.5cm above, controls the temperature of culture environment, 25~30 DEG C of daytime, and 18~22 DEG C of night, humidity 70%~80%；After pepper seedling all sprouts, sprayed in the case that weather is good it is permeable, while pour weekly 1 time 1000 times~1200 times The rich water of concentration, fertilizer select potassium dihydrogen phosphate, general happy receipts or Ai Keshou；Pepper seedling starts to control after growing 2 true leaves Watering, sprinkling is drenched on a small quantity after hole tray mesostroma is dry；If there is excessive growth, with 25~30mg/kg of concentration cycocel into Row processing.

Preferably, organic fertilizer usage amount is 2.5~3 tons/mu when spreading fertilizer over the fields in preparing before ridging, compound fertilizer's usage amount is 50~ 60kg/ mus, compound fertilizer uses nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer；Fertilizer applicator uses spinning disc spreader；Fertilizer applicator is along each greenhouse when fertilising One spread fertilizer over the fields across middle position.

Preferably, the drip irrigation zone is placed under the mulch.

Preferably, drip irrigation zone uses flank labyrinth drip irrigating belt, water dropper 20~30cm of spacing of drip irrigation zone, stream in pipe laying overlay film Amount is 2~3L/h；Mulch uses 2 Si Yinhei bicolor mulching films.

Preferably, when transplant planting, two row of pepper seedling is planted on every ridge, and spacing in the rows is in 20~30cm, 30~35cm of line-spacing, often 3500~3800 plants of mu field planting, the water dropper and pepper seedling correspond, keep pepper seedling root system be in grown layer 6~ In 8cm.

Preferably, further include field management: after pepper seedling field planting, early period to keep the temperature based on slow seedling, to pepper seedling at After work, canopy temperature maintains 26~30 DEG C daytime, and 16~18 DEG C of night, humidity maintains 75~80%, when door green pepper sits Entering fruiting period afterwards and strengthens liquid manure supply again, water-soluble fertilizer can be received by imposing 800~1000 times of Chinese mugworts by drip irrigation zone every 7~10d, Flow is 2.5~3L/h, while preventing fruit drop to the foliar fertilizer of foliage-spray 0.5% using power spraye；Work as door After green pepper is occupied stably, door green pepper capsicum leaf below and side shoot can be removed successively.

As described above, the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production of the invention has below beneficial to effect Fruit:

1, the present invention is conducive to the quality and survival rate of pepper seedling using hole plate seedling growth, is scale, the industry of capsicum To change development and basis is provided, also helps and promote capsicum root growth, flourishing root system is conducive to preferably breathe when chili growth, Conducive to preferably surviving after transplanting, lodging tolerance and diseases and insect pests resistance are improved；

2, the present invention first applies fertilizer before subsoiling ploughing, is conducive to fertilizer and mixes with depth of soil；Keep the fertilizer of proper ratio The effective fertility of soil is improved, growth period fertilizer application frequency is reduced；

3, mechanization subsoiling ploughing of the present invention plays the role of depth and digs, loosens the soil, mixing soil, hack, in suitable depth And carry out subsoiling ploughing under conditions of humidity and be subject to rotary tillage, by soil from the bottom up according to granularity be divided into basal layer and Grown layer adjusts the fertile ratio of aqueous vapor heat in soil, enhances oxygen in soil fluid ability, eliminate weeds, prevent and kill off pest and disease damage, build It is suitble to the soil environment of chili growth, and then improves yield of hot pepper；Basal layer soil particle is larger and compares consolidation, is conducive to protect Wet heat preservation reduces air-flow to subsurface wastewater infiltration system speed, and the grown layer soil pepper root more fine crushing that is conducive to ties up to wherein growth and breathes, And manual operation not can guarantee can accurately integrate out suitable soil texture and inefficiency；

4, the present invention uses mechanization ridging, reduces to the secondary destruction of established soil texture, ridging is advantageous in proportion In holding soil texture, and guarantee that the capsicum root system position of plantation respective numbers effectively can be breathed and be given birth in the soil It is long；

5, the present invention once completes to be laid with drip irrigation zone and mulch using multi-functional laminating machine, reduces manual operation or difference Operation brings secondary destruction to soil, ensure that demand of the chili growth to temperature and humidity and oxygen, effectively control weed growth, subtracts Few pest and disease damage, has saved liquid manure, and disposably completes to reduce drip irrigation zone and the gap of mulch and avoid burning to drip irrigation zone focus Wound；

6, the present invention uses under-film drip irrigation method, and water dropper and pepper seedling correspond, and water dropper is uniformly slowly to Soil-in-Root Earth layer supplies water, and has remarkable result to the holding of ground temperature, rise and reduction moisture evaporation, and guarantee most of soil around capsicum Surface keeps drying, is conducive to capsicum root system and obtains sufficient oxygen；

7, the present invention resists stifled ability strong using flank labyrinth drip irrigating belt turbulent outlet water outlet；

8, the present invention can promote the photosynthetic coloring of pepper root base portion using the black bicolor mulching film of silver of suitable thickness；Silver color face it is strong Power reflection action can effectively reduce ground temperature on daytime, reduce by 5~7 DEG C of ground temperature, and silver color table than common ground film during midsummer Face can also strongly reflect ultraviolet light, can effectively walk quickly and keep away the pests such as winged aphids, thrips, mitigate disease pest harm, effectively inhibit miscellaneous Grass growth, can reduce the manual works such as weeding, laxative, irrigation, substantially reduce production cost；And black side can obstruct at night Ground heat distributes, and effectively keeps the temperature；

9, the present invention is transplanted using the pepper seedling of certain seedling age, and root system all than more developed, is conducive to capsicum relatively Late growth；The planting depth and uniformity of pepper seedling when ensure that transplanting using mechanization transplanting guarantee that capsicum entirely gives birth to It is grown in grown layer for a long time, is grown in suitable soil horizon conducive to capsicum root system and breathes and absorb nutrient, be also conducive to mention High lodging tolerance, to improve the survival rate of pepper seedling；

10, corresponding field management is carried out after present invention transplanting, meets requirement of the capsicum to temperature and humidity while also guarantees root The eupnea of system；

11, the present invention ploughs site preparation, ridging, pipe laying overlay film, transplanting, fertilising using mechanization, loosens the soil without intertillage, liberates Manpower reduces to the secondary destruction of soil, improves production efficiency, reduces soil hardening without big yield watering and is conducive to capsicum root system Breathing and absorption nutrient.

Detailed description of the invention:

Fig. 1 is capsicum Ridged plant schematic diagram of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by particular specific embodiment below, those skilled in the art can be by this explanation Content disclosed by book is understood other advantages and efficacy of the present invention easily.

Referring to Fig. 1, structure depicted in this specification attached drawing, ratio, size etc., only to cooperate specification to be taken off The content shown is not intended to limit the invention enforceable qualifications so that those skilled in the art understands and reads, therefore Do not have technical essential meaning, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or the adjustment of size are not influencing the present invention Under the effect of can be generated and the purpose that can reach, the range that disclosed technology contents can be covered should be fallen in It is interior.Meanwhile in this specification cited such as "upper", "lower" term, be merely convenient to being illustrated for narration, rather than to limit The fixed enforceable range of the present invention, relativeness are altered or modified, under the content of no substantial changes in technology, also when being considered as this Invent enforceable scope.

The equipment of selection are as follows:

1, spinning disc spreader: applying unit independent research spinning disc spreader JS-SFJ001；

2, tractor: salt drags greenhouse king's four-wheel tractor TY2100T；

3, ploughshare formula pears, subsoiler: L-220A double-bladed plough, 1SZL-250 subsoiler；

4, rotary cultivator: JT-GMR150A type rotary cultivator；

5, ridger: 3TG-6 type Multifunctional ridging machine；

6, multi-functional laminating machine: 3TG-6 type multi-functional laminating machine；

7, drip irrigation zone: 1750 flank labyrinth drip irrigating belts of Shanghai Hua Wei water-saving irrigation Co., Ltd；

8, mulch: the dedicated 2 Si Yinhei bicolor mulching film of greenhouse cultivation；

9, transplanter: the semi-automatic vegetable transplanting machine KP-201CR of the small-sized sitting type in Kubo field.

A kind of capsicum mechanization production technology mode cultivation method for matching, including,

Pepper seed prepares: selecting tolerance to low temperature and weak light, early yield is high, and disease resistance is good, the stronger pepper seed of resistance It is placed in 50~55 DEG C of warm water the 5h that soaks seed, 0.5~1h of disinfection in 500 times 50% of carbendazol is placed into, uses clear water after pulling out It rinses the vernalization under 25~30 DEG C of environment well, starts to sow until pepper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；The pepper fruit of selection is in lantern Shape, green, fruit surface smooth, 45~55g of mean fruit weight, fruit long 12~15cm, fruit 4.5~5cm of shoulder breadth, meat thickness 0.25~ 0.30cm, taste is micro- peppery, and quality is good；

Seedling medium prepare: by peat: vermiculite: perlite by the mass ratio of 6:3:1~9:3:1 be uniformly mixed based on Matrix, every cubic metre of base matrix add 1.5~2kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, while 50% carbendazim wettable powder is added 250~300g of agent carries out disinfection, and when stirring adds water to adjust water content to 55%~65% in right amount, reuses plastic film covering Sealing 2~3 days forms seedling medium；

It cultivates pepper seedling: seedling medium is fitted into hole tray, hole tray is 72 holes, keeps seedling medium uniform, it is loose, It cannot be compacted occur hollow, 1~2 pepper seed of every bunch planting kind, seed bud is downward and is placed in cave center, covers above The seedling medium of 1~1.5cm, controls the temperature of culture environment, 25~30 DEG C of daytime, and 18~22 DEG C of night, humidity 70%~ 80%；It after pepper seedling all sprouts, sprays permeable in the case that weather is good, while pouring 1 1000 times~1200 times concentration weekly Rich water, fertilizer select potassium dihydrogen phosphate, general happy receipts or Ai Keshou；Pepper seedling starts control watering, cave after growing 2 true leaves Sprinkling is drenched on a small quantity after disk mesostroma is dry；If there is excessive growth, handled with concentration 25~30mg/kg cycocel；

Ridging prepares: organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer are spread fertilizer over the fields using spinning disc spreader before arable land, organic fertilizer usage amount is 2.5~ 3 tons/mu, compound fertilizer use nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and usage amount is 50~60kg/ mus；When fertilising, for convenience of fertilizer is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields Fertilizer applicator along one across middle position (width of every greenhouse is referred to as one and collapses, as soon as across being usually 8 meters, middle position is four The position meter Chu) it spreads fertilizer over the fields；When soil moisture content is about 30~40%, ploughshare formula pears are worn using tractor, subsoiler completes soil Subsoiling ploughing link, subsoiling plow tilth are greater than 20cm, tractor are used to wear rotary cultivator rotary tillage, rotary tillage after subsoiling ploughing Depth is maintained at 12~15cm, and soil will be divided into from the bottom up after subsoiling and rotary tillage by least 2 rotary tillages, soil The grown layer that particle is big and the basal layer and particle of consolidation are small and soft.

Arable land ridging: as shown in Figure 1, moving towards ridging, ridging 20~25cm of height, ridge top width along greenhouse using ridger 75~80cm, 100~110cm of ridge bottom width, 40~45cm of furrow width, the smooth micro- reality in ridge face, two sides furrow keeping parallelism；Wherein rotary tillage It greenhouse king's tractor also can be used with ridging wears 1GVF-120 rotary tillage ridger all-in-one machine and be completed at the same time, when rotary tillage rises simultaneously Ridge, rotary tillage depth are maintained at 12~15cm, and the structure of soil will not be destroyed because of ridging；

Pipe laying overlay film: the work for being laid with drip irrigation zone and mulch is once completed using multi-functional laminating machine, using under-film drip irrigation The drip irrigation zone is placed under the mulch by method；Drip irrigation zone uses flank labyrinth drip irrigating belt, the water dropper of drip irrigation zone in pipe laying overlay film 20~30cm of spacing, flow are 2~3L/h；Mulch uses 2 Si Yinhei bicolor mulching films；

Transplant planting: to seedling age 45~50 days, 15~18cm of plant height, the pepper seedling of 6~8 true leaves is transplanted Field planting transplanting need to suitably water to pepper seedling for first 1 day, carry out transplant planting operation using full-automatic or semi-automatic transplanter, Transplanting line-spacing, spacing in the rows and planting depth are adjusted, by pepper seedling transplant planting in the grown layer and its cotyledon and ground It flushes, pepper seedling root system is kept to be in 6~8cm of grown layer；Transplanting motor spindle has height sensor, by perceiving mulch Height determine the height of pepper seedling, guarantee that all pepper roots tie up to suitable depth growth, manual operation is difficult to ensure This point；Two row of pepper seedling is planted on every ridge, and spacing in the rows is colonized 3500~3800 plants in 20~30cm, 30~35cm of line-spacing per acre, The water dropper and pepper seedling correspond.

Field management: after pepper seedling field planting, early period is warm in greenhouse after pepper seedling survives to keep the temperature based on slow seedling It spends daytime and maintains 26~30 DEG C, 16~18 DEG C of night, humidity maintains 75~80%, enters fruiting period again after door green pepper sits Strengthen liquid manure supply, water-soluble fertilizer, drip irrigation zone can be received by imposing 800~1000 times of Chinese mugworts by drip irrigation zone or furrow every 7~10d Flow is that 2.5~3L/h is watered if soil is more arid by furrow, is applied fertilizer, and watering height is no more than the 2/ of furrow height 3, while fruit drop is prevented to the foliar fertilizer of 0.5% concentration of foliage-spray using power spraye；It, can after door green pepper is occupied stably Door green pepper capsicum leaf below and side shoot are removed successively.

1. variety selection: selected kind is that the precocious bell pepper generation that Inst of vegetables, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences develops is miscellaneous Kind.Fruit bird-caging, green, fruit surface smooth, 55 grams of mean fruit weight, fruit is 12 centimetres long, and 4.8 centimetres of fruit shoulder breadth, meat thickness 0.30 Centimetre, taste is micro- peppery, and quality is good.Tolerance to low temperature and weak light, early yield is high, and disease resistance is good, and resistance is stronger.

2. strong seedling cultivation: sowing a few days ago basks seeds and can effectively promote percentage of seedgermination.Pepper seed is placed in 55 before sowing Soak seed 5h in DEG C warm water, places into 500 times of 50% carbendazol and sterilizes 0.5h, is rinsed well after pulling out with clear water.Exist later Vernalization under 25~30 DEG C of environment, starts to sow until pepper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.Using good commercialization nursery substrate, according to mud Charcoal: vermiculite: perlite=6:3:1 ratio is uniformly mixed, and every cubic metre of matrix adds 1.5~2kg of NPK compound fertilizer, simultaneously Every cubic metre of matrix is added 50% carbendazol wettable powder 250g and carries out disinfection.Add in right amount when stirring water adjust water content to 55%~65%, that is, it holds agglomerating but anhydrous drippage, land i.e. scattered be advisable.The seedling medium prepared plastic film is covered close It seals, can be used after 2d.Using the hole tray in 72 holes as container, the matrix mixed is fitted into hole tray, holding matrix as far as possible is uniform, It is loose, it cannot be compacted occur hollow.1~2 pepper seed of every bunch planting kind, seed bud is downward and is placed in cave center, on Face covers 1cm or so matrix.High temperature and rainy season at a time when capsicum is sowed controls temperature in facility, 25~30 DEG C of daytime, night 18~22 DEG C, humidity is advisable with 70%~80%.It after seedling all sprouts, can spray permeable in the case that weather is good, guarantee seedling Normal growth.1 rich water is poured weekly in conjunction with water spray, and the fertilizers such as potassium dihydrogen phosphate, general happy receipts, Ai Keshou, concentration can be selected It is advisable with 1000 times~1200 times.Start control watering after 2 true leaves, prevents seedling excessive growth, nurturing staff.If Plug seedling There is excessive growth, can be handled with cycocel, concentration is advisable with 25~30mg/kg.

3. arable land ridging: spreading fertilizer over the fields organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer using fertilizer applicator before ploughing, usage amount is decomposed manure 2.5 Ton/mu, 50kg/ mus of NPK compound fertilizer, when fertilising tractor since one across middle position spread fertilizer over the fields, spinning disc spreader maximum is spread Width is applied up to 5 meters, it is ensured that two sides fertilising is uniform；When soil moisture content is about 30~40%, greenhouse king's tractor is used Ploughshare formula pears, subsoiler completion soil subsoiling ploughing link are worn, deep loose plough depth is greater than 20 centimetres；Using tractor rotary tillage, Depth is maintained at 15cm or so, and clayed soil will reach soil granularity by least 2 rotary tillages.Grading after rotary tillage, Soil granularity is high.Ridging operation moves towards ridging, ridging 20~25cm of height, ridge 75~80cm of top width, ridge bottom along greenhouse Wide 100~110cm, 40~45cm of furrow width, the smooth micro- reality in ridge face, two sides furrow keeping parallelism.

4. pipe laying overlay film once completes the work for being laid with dropper and mulch using multi-functional laminating machine, wherein trickle irrigation is used 1750 flank labyrinth drip irrigating belts of Shanghai Hua Wei water-saving irrigation Co., Ltd, it is interior using special multi-layer intercrossed co-extrusion production technology Wall completely newly expects, ensures to bond closely, and similar product is avoided to cause stress to be concentrated due to explosion because of the impurity in reclaimed materials.Water dropper spacing 30cm, flow 2.5L/h, advantage are economical and practical, speciality labyrinth flow-paths, and uniformity is good；Mulch uses 2 Si Yinhei double-coloredly Film.The black bicolor mulching film of silver can promote the photosynthetic coloring of root of the crop base portion；The strength reflection action in silver color face can effectively reduce on daytime Ground temperature reduces by 5~7 DEG C of ground temperature than common ground film during midsummer；And black side can obstruct distributing for ground heat at night, Effectively heat preservation；Silver color surface can also strongly reflect ultraviolet light, can effectively walk quickly and keep away the pests such as winged aphids, thrips, mitigate disease pest Harm；Effectively inhibit weed growth, the manual works such as weeding, laxative, irrigation can be reduced, substantially reduce production cost.

5. transplant planting Miao Ling 45~50 days, plant height about 15~18cm, carries out transplant planting when having 6~8 true leaves More it is suitable for.Transplanting need to suitably water to rice shoot for first 1 day, to prevent from dissipating to stick together being unfavorable for transplanting.Using full-automatic or semi-automatic Machine operation is transplanted, transplanting line-spacing, spacing in the rows and depth is adjusted, is flushed with seedling cotyledon with ground more appropriate, root system is excessively shallow Easily lead to that slow seedling is slow and late growth is weak, it is too deep, it is unfavorable for root system respiration.Two rows are planted on every ridge, and spacing in the rows is in 20~30cm, row Away from 30~35cm, it is colonized 3500 plants or so per acre.

6. field management: after pepper seedling field planting, early period is kept the temperature to carry out slow seedling.Seedling can be reinforced leading in greenhouse after surviving Wind ventilation maintains temperature in the reasonable scope, and daytime, temperature of shed maintained 26~30 DEG C, 16~18 DEG C of night.In conjunction with capsicum Growing way carries out water and fertilizer management work.Preferably light top dressing water after slow seedling.Greenhouse humidity is larger, therefore to control liquid manure amount and avoid capsicum Excessive growth.Growth will promote control combination promotion root growth early period.Enter fruiting period after door green pepper sits and strengthens liquid manure supply again, in conjunction with Watering, which imposes 1000 times of Chinese mugworts every 10d or so, can receive water-soluble fertilizer, while 0.5% foliar fertilizer of foliage-spray, prevent fruit drop. After door green pepper is occupied stably, door green pepper capsicum leaf below and side shoot can be removed successively, the ventilation and penetrating light of pepper root base portion can be improved Effect reduces field temperature and humidity, the generation of effective pre- preventing disease and pest.Finally manually harvested.

The above-described embodiments merely illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention.It is any ripe The personage for knowing this technology all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, carries out modifications and changes to above-described embodiment.Cause This, institute is complete without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art such as At all equivalent modifications or change, should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production, including pepper seed prepares, seedling medium prepares And cultivate pepper seedling, which is characterized in that further comprising the steps of:

Ridging prepares: spreading fertilizer over the fields organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer using fertilizer applicator before arable land；When soil moisture content is about 30~40%, make Ploughshare formula pears, subsoiler completion soil subsoiling ploughing link are worn with tractor, subsoiling plow tilth is greater than 20cm, subsoiling ploughing Rotary cultivator rotary tillage is used later, and rotary tillage depth is maintained at 12~15cm, and soil will pass through at least 2 rotary tillages, and soil passes through subsoiling Plough and rotary tillage after be divided into the grown layer that particle is big and the basal layer and particle of consolidation are small and soft from the bottom up；

Arable land ridging: ridging, the smooth micro- reality in ridge face, two sides furrow keeping parallelism are moved towards along greenhouse using ridger；

Pipe laying overlay film: the work for being laid with drip irrigation zone and mulch is once completed using multi-functional laminating machine；

Transplant planting: transplanting need to suitably water to pepper seedling for first 1 day, using full-automatic or semi-automatic transplanter to seedling The pepper seedling of age 45~50 days, plant height 15~18cm, 6~8 true leaves carries out transplant planting, adjust transplanting line-spacing, spacing in the rows with And planting depth, by pepper seedling transplant planting in the grown layer and its cotyledon is flushed with ground.

2. the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production according to claim 1, which is characterized in that capsicum Seed preparation: tolerance to low temperature and weak light is selected, early yield is high, and disease resistance is good, and the stronger pepper seed of resistance is placed in 50~55 DEG C Soak seed 5h in warm water, places into 0.5~1h of disinfection in 500 times 50% of carbendazol, is rinsed well with clear water 25 after pulling out Vernalization under~30 DEG C of environment, starts to sow until pepper seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.

3. the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production according to claim 2, which is characterized in that ridging Highly 20~25cm, ridge 75~80cm of top width, 100~110cm of ridge bottom width, 40~45cm of furrow width；Rotary tillage and ridging use rotary tillage Ridging all-in-one machine is completed.

4. the cultivation method for matching of described in any item beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization productions according to claim 1~3, feature It is, seedling medium prepares: by peat: vermiculite: perlite is uniformly mixed with the mass ratio of 6:3:1~9:3:1 as basic base 1.5~2kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is added in matter, every cubic metre of base matrix, while 50% carbendazol wettable powder 250 is added ~300g carries out disinfection, and when stirring adds water to adjust water content to 55%~65% in right amount, reuse plastic film covering sealing 2~ 3 days, form seedling medium.

5. the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production according to claim 4, which is characterized in that cultivate Pepper seedling: seedling medium is fitted into hole tray, and hole tray is 72 holes, keeps seedling medium uniform, loose, cannot be compacted also not Hollow, 1~2 pepper seed of every bunch planting kind can occur, seed bud is downward and is placed in cave center, covers educating for 1~1.5cm above Seedling matrix, controls the temperature of culture environment, 25~30 DEG C of daytime, and 18~22 DEG C of night, humidity 70%~80%；To pepper seedling After all sprouting, rich water that is permeable, while pouring 1 1000 times~1200 times concentration weekly is sprayed in the case that weather is good, fertilizer selects phosphorus Acid dihydride potassium, general happy receipts or Ai Keshou；Pepper seedling starts control watering after growing 2 true leaves, after hole tray mesostroma is dry A small amount of sprinkling is drenched；If there is excessive growth, handled with concentration 25~30mg/kg cycocel.

6. the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production according to claim 5, which is characterized in that ridging Organic fertilizer usage amount is 2.5~3 tons/mu when spreading fertilizer over the fields in preceding preparation, and compound fertilizer's usage amount is 50~60kg/ mus, and compound fertilizer uses Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer；Fertilizer applicator uses spinning disc spreader；Fertilizer applicator is spread fertilizer over the fields along the one of each greenhouse across middle position when fertilising.

7. the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production according to claim 1 or 6, which is characterized in that The drip irrigation zone is placed under the mulch.

8. the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production according to claim 7, which is characterized in that pipe laying Drip irrigation zone uses flank labyrinth drip irrigating belt, water dropper 20~30cm of spacing of drip irrigation zone in overlay film, and flow is 2~3L/h；Mulch is adopted With 2 Si Yinhei bicolor mulching films.

9. the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production according to claim 8, which is characterized in that transplanting When field planting, two row of pepper seedling is planted on every ridge, and spacing in the rows is colonized 3500~3800 plants in 20~30cm, 30~35cm of line-spacing per acre, The water dropper and pepper seedling correspond, and pepper seedling root system is kept to be in 6~8cm of grown layer.

10. according to claim 1 or the cultivation method for matching of beam-connected greenhouse capsicum mechanization production described in 9, which is characterized in that Further include field management: after pepper seedling field planting, early period to keep the temperature based on slow seedling, after pepper seedling survives, canopy temperature Maintain 26~30 DEG C daytime, 16~18 DEG C of night, humidity maintains 75~80%, and it is strong again that fruiting period is entered after door green pepper sits Change liquid manure supply, water-soluble fertilizer can be received by imposing 800~1000 times of Chinese mugworts by drip irrigation zone every 7~10d, and flow is 2.5~3L/h, Fruit drop is prevented to the foliar fertilizer of 0.5% concentration of foliage-spray using power spraye simultaneously；After door green pepper is occupied stably, it can incite somebody to action Door green pepper capsicum leaf below and side shoot remove successively.