CN110447490A - The method of Potato Multiple Cropping herbage - Google Patents
The method of Potato Multiple Cropping herbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN110447490A CN110447490A CN201910806098.2A CN201910806098A CN110447490A CN 110447490 A CN110447490 A CN 110447490A CN 201910806098 A CN201910806098 A CN 201910806098A CN 110447490 A CN110447490 A CN 110447490A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of Potato Multiple Cropping herbage, first use arched shed or field planting Early cropping potato, harvest it as early as possible, the timely Multiple Cropping Forage after Early cropping potato harvest.When planting Early cropping potato, select the preferable sandy loam of fertility level or loam plot, it deep ploughed before winter, farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields before broadcasting, then it deep ploughs, revolve ground, arched shed is built in arched shed plantation plot at this time, no matter ferti-seeding in arched shed or when the crop field minimum temperature in the depths soil 10cm reaches 6~7 DEG C, reaches soil moisture content requirement, divulge information, irrigate in time after emergence, artificial weeding；When 5~10cm of height of seedling combine pour water, weeding carry out for the first time intertillage loosen the soil；It combines weeding to carry out second of intertillage when 15~20cm of height of seedling to loosen the soil, and combines and pour water, impose 5kg/ mus of urea, during which carry out disease, worm, prevention and control of weeds, rogue diseased plant；Early June harvest.It solves the problems, such as only plantation Early cropping potato waste soil, sunlight-heat reaources and manually invests big.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural plantation technology fields, are related to a kind of method of Potato Multiple Cropping herbage.
Background technique
Potato has long cultivation history in Tibet, is the grain dish dual-purpose food that the Tibetan masses enjoy a lot.Ma Ling
Potato nutrition is comprehensive, is rich in carbohydrate, is the good next of the minerals such as vitamin B1, B3 and B6 and iron, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium
Source is rich in folic acid, pantothenic acid and riboflavin.Potato, which also contains, can help the brain for preventing infirmities of age food antioxidant and have
Conducive to the dietary fiber of health.Frequent food potato, it is ensured that health delays senescence.In recent years, Potato Industry metaplasia
It produces and accelerates, significant change occurs for the consumption structure of the city inhabitants such as Lhasa, Rikaze, and potato product is not on the market for answering
It asks, valence is high favourable.Occupied an important position in whole district's crop mix strategical adjustment and characteristic agriculture development, and gradually at
The pillar industry that basin is got rich is taken off for whole district's rural economic development, peasants and herdsmen.Tibet sunshine time is more, and light radiation is strong, and weather is cold
Cool, the big special climate condition of day and night temperature is conducive to the accumulation of photosynthate, and potato quality is good, and yield is high, cultivated area
Up to more than 20 ten thousand mu.It is fresh that Tibet Autonomous Region gradually forms a collection of regional characteristics such as Linzhi hiding pig, Bainang vegetables, Nanmulin potato
The agricultural product production base bright, industrialization characteristic is high promotes the mode of production in agriculture and animal husbandry of featured agriculture large-scale development gradually to send out
Raw to change, the appearance of policy and planning, the development for the production of Tibet potato provides strong policy support, with autonomy
The continuous propulsion of area's agricultural industrialization process, potato manufacturing and processing enterprise, which continues to develop, to grow, and wide and stable market needs
Asking will be such that horse bell blind production area is continuously increased.
Potato is that the Tibetan masses celebrate a festival and main food materials essential in daily life.Especially annual June 1
Supply falls short of demand for the potato of new listing when Lingka section, although crop is low at this time, price is nearly the 7 of market in autumn price
Times, economic benefit is considerable.Early cropping potato is able to satisfy Tibetan masses red-letter day demand, but wastes to soil and sunlight-heat reaources tight
Weight needs to increase arched shed material and limits the production of Early cropping potato the problems such as manually investment, although for this purpose, selling price is high
But popularizing planting area is simultaneously little.
Summary of the invention
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of method of Potato Multiple Cropping herbage, to solve only to plant precocious horse
Bell potato wastes soil, sunlight-heat reaources and manually invests big problem, and plantation Early cropping potato income is smaller to cause limitation precocious
The problem of potato large area produces, and local forage grass insufficient supply and soil losses problem caused by the soil free time.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage, is first using arched shed or field planting
Early cropping potato harvests it as early as possible, then the timely Multiple Cropping Forage after Early cropping potato harvest.
Further, the specific steps using arched shed plantation Early cropping potato are as follows:
Step S1a, selection of land and site preparation: the preferable sandy loam of selection fertility level or loam plot deep ploughed before the winter, carry out winter ploughing solarization
It turns up soil, chesson；First farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface when broadcasting preplanting treatment, then deep ploughed and revolves ground operation, by farmyard manure
It is uniformly blended into soil；
Step S2a, it builds arched shed: building arched shed on plot after site preparation, button canopy is after the completion of arched shed is built to be promoted
Temperature of shed keeps soil moisture content；
Step S3a, fertilising and sowing: when the depths soil 10cm minimum temperature reaches 6~7 DEG C, reaches soil moisture content requirement in arched shed
It can sow, depth of planting is 8~10cm, and plantation sowing potato amount is 800~850 pounds/acre, and sowing line-spacing is 30~40cm, strain
Away from 20~25cm；Width ditch trench digging mode is taken when sowing, wide ditch side is narrow ditch at 4 ~ 5cm, potato seed is put in wide ditch,
Compound fertilizer specially used for potato 50kg/ mus, or urea 10kg/ mus of application, 22.5kg/ mus of potassium sulfate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are applied in narrow ditch
15kg/ mus；
Step S4a, field management: arched shed both ends are opened and are divulged information by daytime after emergence, close heat preservation at dusk, irrigate in time, is artificial
Weeding；When 5~10cm of height of seedling combine pour water, weeding carry out for the first time intertillage loosen the soil, promote seedlings root development；Height of seedling 15~
It combines weeding to carry out second of intertillage when 20cm to loosen the soil, and combines and pour water, impose 5kg/ mus of urea, during which carry out disease, worm, crop smothering
Prevention and treatment, and carry out the diseased plant that manually rogues and work；
Step S5a, harvest: early June harvests Early cropping potato in batches.
Further, the specific steps using field planting Early cropping potato are as follows:
Step S1b, selection of land and site preparation: the preferable sandy loam of selection fertility level or loam plot deep ploughed before the winter, carry out winter ploughing solarization
It turns up soil, chesson；First farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface when broadcasting preplanting treatment, then deep ploughed and is flattened after revolving ground operation, it will
Farmyard manure is uniformly blended into soil；
Step S2b, fertilising and sowing: the crop field underground depths 10cm minimum temperature reaches 6~7 DEG C, soil moisture content is when reaching requirement
Sowing, sowing potato amount are 400~450 pounds/acre, and using single ridge uniline or the plantation of single ridge duplicate rows implantation methods, when sowing takes width
Narrow ditch trench digging mode, wide ditch side is narrow ditch at 4 ~ 5cm, and potato seed is put in wide ditch, and it is dedicated multiple to apply potato in narrow ditch
Hefei 50kg/ mus, or urea 10kg/ mus of application, 22.5kg/ mus of potassium sulfate and 15kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；
Step S3b, field management: water feature and rain fall is needed to perform irrigation and row according to soil moisture content, potato breeding time
Vatman makees, artificial weeding, during which carries out disease, worm, prevention and control of weeds, combines when 5~10cm of height of seedling and pours water, in weeding progress first time
Ridging is ploughed, chesson promotes seedlings root development；It combines and pours water when 15~20cm of height of seedling, impose 5kg/ mus of urea, and carry out
Weeding and second of cultivation and banking form ridge up to the big ridge of 20cm, during which carry out the diseased plant that manually rogues and work；
Step S4b, harvest: mid-July harvests Early cropping potato.
Further, specific step is as follows for the Multiple Cropping Forage:
Step 1, variety selection: through experimental study, precocity or the rapid herbage of early growth of High planting or half High planting are selected
It is planted；
Step 2, soil cultivation: after the completion of Early cropping potato harvest, if soil moisture content is suitable for, then site preparation planting forage grass immediately, such as
Pasture growing requirement, which is not achieved, in soil moisture content to irrigate in time, dry 1~3 day after irrigation, moisture is made to be fully infiltrated into soil plough horizon,
Site preparation is planted later；
Seed: being exposed to the sun 3~5 days by step 3, sowing before broadcasting, and seed is promoted to sprout, and broadcasts in 1 ~ 5 day after Early cropping potato harvest
Kind, it takes mechanical drilling or broadcasts sowing, broadcast rear timely suppression of soil；
Step 4, field management: it meets drought in tiller, jointing to heading stage and need to be irrigated in time, before and after tillering stage and heading stage
5~8kg/ mus of urea are imposed respectively in conjunction with pouring water, and carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
Step 5, harvest: frost occurs stop growing after cradled.
Further, it needs to choose seeds before the sowing and potato kind is handled, first the precocious horse of selection smooth in appearance, disease-free wound
Bell potato carries out whole photo sowing as potato kind, by the potato seed that size is 45~55g, and more than 55 grams yampis need to cut within 2~3 days prior to seeding
Block forms potato wedge of uniform size, and each potato wedge weight is between 30g~50g, and each potato wedge at least 2 bud eyes；
The whole potato is placed in the greenhouse that 18~25 DEG C have scattering light 10~15 days before sowing, stir within 3 ~ 5 days it is primary, allow its from
Right suspend mode germination promotees to sow when bud mutation is green, and bud is long is no more than 1cm；
Before sowing by every 25kg potato wedge 1kg plant ash and 50g fungicide add 1kg water dress seed, then place it in carton or
In bamboo basket, it can be sowed after 2~3 days；
The fungicide uses carbendazim or Bravo；
When the yampi stripping and slicing forms potato wedge, cutter will be immersed in 1% liquor potassic permanganate or 75% after often cutting a potato wedge
It carries out disinfection in alcohol.
Further, deep ploughed 30cm before the winter；
Arable land before the sowing is the shallow rotation of deep ploughing, and tilling depth is 25 ~ 30cm, and rotary tillage depth is 12~15cm, is made on soil
Panasonic is real；
The farmyard manure is decomposed cattle and sheep excrement, and mu applies 1500 ~ 2000kg；
It is mixed into insecticide when ploughing before the sowing, deep ploughs and buries together with farmyard manure, prevents and treats subterranean pest-insect；
When sowing, there are the area of irrigation conditions, argillaceous soil to be suitble to upper seeding, arid area and sand are suitble to seed deeply；
The depth of planting of the upper seeding is 6~8cm, and the depth of planting seed deeplyed is 10~15cm；
The sowing when soil moisture content reaches requirement is 60~80%, holds soil under agglomerating and nature in soil moisture content
Fall sowing when not dissipating.
Further, the disease, worm, prevention and control of weeds include the prevention and treatment of early stage subterranean pest-insect, the prevention and treatment of aphid, potato epidemic disease
The prevention and treatment of disease and the prevention and treatment of weeds；
The prevention and treatment of the early stage subterranean pest-insect is to turn over repeatedly after preceding crop harvests, mixes soil with insecticide processing before plantation and spread
It applies, prevents and treats potato subterranean pest-insect；
The prevention and treatment of the aphid is that 1500 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid or 70% menazon are sprayed when finding aphid, and when spraying
1 ~ 2g washing powder is added in every sprayer, to destroy aphid protective film, aphid is killed, in its phase yellow card's trap that migrates；
The prevention and treatment of the potato blight is that it is gloomy to spray 75% Bravo, 80% generation at the potato leaf back side 5~7 days after group
Mancozeb wettable powder or first frost MnZn, three kinds of medicaments alternately spray, and each period sprays one kind, in order to avoid generate anti-medicine
Property, it even sprays 3 periods, each period distances 7~10 days, discovery diseased plant in time removes soil under diseased plant and strain, far from buried；
The prevention and treatment of the weeds is after potato sowing in three days, and surface soil plays closed herbicide two when wet
It is spraying to carry out soil with 0.13~0.2 liter/mu for penta spirit of first；2~4 leaf phase of gramineae weed, broadleaf weeds after potato emergence
When plant height 5cm or less, 0.1~0.23 liter/mu of isopropyl methoxalamine, 50% acetochlor ec, 0.15~0.2 liter/mu or 48% fluorine are sprayed
Happy 0.15~0.2 liter/mu of missible oil.
Further, when the use field planting Early cropping potato, the line-spacing of single ridge uniline is 75cm, and spacing in the rows is
25cm；
Row spacing 70cm, the ridge spacing 30cm of list ridge duplicate rows, line-spacing 20cm, uniline spacing in the rows are 30cm.
Further, the Early cropping potato of the plantation is Favorita or Yongfeng 3；
The herbage of the multiple cropping is that blueness draws No. 2, sweet tea oat, 444 oat of Qinghai, No. 1 triticale of Shi great or sweet draws No. 1 rye；
After mainly arched shed being removed after the arched shed plantation Early cropping potato carry out site preparation Multiple Cropping Forage again；
Pasture growing requirement, which is not achieved, in the soil moisture content to irrigate in time, irrigate depth and reach 20cm, before the pasture growing
Depth of soil preparation is 15 ~ 20cm.
Further, when the pasture growing, seed is exposed to the sun 3~5 days, after promoting seed to sprout, for subterranean pest-insect
Every 100kg seed adds 5~10kg of water seed dressing to be prevented and treated with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate 0.1kg before serious plot is broadcast；
When the pasture growing, application rate be 15~20kg/ of oat mus, 11~14kg/ mus of the rye of Gan Yin 1, triticale 18~
20kg/ mus, 15~20cm of drill spacing, 2~4cm of seed level, when sowing, applies 20 ~ 30kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) together with seed and plants
Fertilizer broadcasts rear timely suppression of soil；
The pasture growing time is no more than mid-July.
The invention has the advantages that passing through horse needed for filtering out Potato Multiple Cropping herbage in local autonomous experimental study
Bell potato and herbage variety choose the Early cropping potatos kinds such as Favorita, Yongfeng 3, and big arch shed plantation is taken to eliminate extraneous gas
The low influence to potato growth of temperature is taken vernalization before broadcasting to promote emergence, potato raw long period is shifted to an earlier date, it is ensured that June
It can be listed during day, while planting in quickly in time after harvesting potato is suitable for herbage variety, realizes two batches of crop uniform growths, always
The output value and net income are above late-maturing potato nonoculture, propose the multiple cropping side of Qinghai-Tibet potato producing region potato-herbage
Method had both met seasonal demand of the masses to potato, while having improved land utilization ratio and sunlight-heat reaources utilization rate, reduced soil
Soil erosion caused by ground is exposed, increases job opportunity, compensates for forage grass insufficient supply, plays the role of the rotation of crops, multiple cropping
Plot the next spring still can plant potato.Efficiently solve only plantation Early cropping potato waste soil, sunlight-heat reaources
And big problem is manually invested, plantation Early cropping potato income is small to cause the problem of limiting the production of Early cropping potato large area,
And local forage grass insufficient supply and soil it is idle caused by soil losses problem.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
One, Early cropping potato implantation methods
1, seed selection and the processing of potato kind:
Being suitble to the Early cropping potato kind of Tibet multiple cropping has Favorita, Yongfeng No. 3 numbers, can ensure that it in mid-June to early July
It is mature.Smooth in appearance is chosen before sowing, disease-free hurts potato as potato kind.Seed tuber size selected by whole photo sowing is 45~55g.
More than 55 grams yampis need stripping and slicing in 2~3 days prior to seeding, and each sprout tuber weight guarantees at least 2 buds between 30g~50g
Eye, it is uniform in size consistent.Whole potato is placed in the greenhouse that 18~25 DEG C have scattering light 10~15 days, stir within 3 ~ 5 days it is primary, allow its from
Right suspend mode germination promotees to sow when bud mutation is green, and bud is long is no more than 1cm.Vernalization in advance is conducive to precocity.It is eliminated when yampi stripping and slicing
Potato seed in spite of illness cutter two, often cuts a potato and changes a knife, cutter will be immersed in 1% potassium permanganate after often cutting a potato wedge
It carries out disinfection in solution or 75% alcohol.Every 25kg potato wedge 1kg plant ash and 50g carbendazim (Bravo) add after potato seed stripping and slicing
The seed dressing of 1kg water promotes the edge of a knife to heal as early as possible, reduces rotten kind, increases potassium, disinfection, the generation for reducing or postponing disease.In carton
Or it can be sowed after being placed 2~3 days in bamboo basket.
2, selection of land and site preparation:
Tibet selects the planting area of 3000~4000m of height above sea level, and concentration is in flakes, irrigation and drainage are convenient, traffic convenience fertility level is preferable
Sandy loam or loam plot, should deep plough 30cm or so before the winter, and winter ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, chesson, can vegetable soil, freeze to death pest；
Farmyard manure is first spread fertilizer over the fields into earth's surface when seedbed preparation, mu applies decomposed cattle and sheep 1500~2000kg of excrement, then deep ploughed and revolved again
Farmyard manure is uniformly blended into soil, increases the soil organism, be conducive to loosing soil by ground operation.To prevent and treat subterranean pest-insect, can mix
Enter insecticide, deep ploughs and bury together with farmyard manure.The technical essential of site preparation: in conjunction with soil moisture content, to accomplish shallow rotation of deep ploughing, upper pine
Lower reality, with benefit emergence, soil moisture content is whole when being suitable for (soil moisture content 60~80% is most appropriate, and holding is agglomerating, falls and does not dissipate naturally)
Ground when plantation standard is not achieved in soil moisture content, first pours 1 permeable, site preparation again when soil moisture content standard to be achieved, arable land for Ying Tiqian 3 days
Depth is in 25~30cm, it is ensured that potato root tuber suitable growth, tilling depth is consistent, cannot balk, rotary tillage 1 time, rotary tillage depth before broadcasting
For 12~15cm, rotary tillage depth is to guarantee to provide the soil environment of a suitable growth to seedling.It is sowing in arched shed plantation plot
Before can irrigate again.Continuous cropping is avoided in plot selection, and stubble is the crops such as wheat, beans, rape before planting.
3, arched shed is built: arched shed plants plot, carries out arched shed building on plot after site preparation.Arched shed is adopted
The mode for covering plastic film on metal frame is taken to build, it is consistent to build mode with common vegetable greenhouse, to reduce cost than conventional
Green house of vegetables is slightly shorter, and 20cm deep drain is repaired around arched shed, prevents the outer personnel of canopy from entering in canopy, and will modeling with the soil of ditching
It is compacted around material.The size of canopy is designed according to cultivated area, and the width of canopy is designed according to line-spacing multiple.
4, it sows:
1) sowing time selects: one of an important factor for potato sowing time is acquisition high yield and early harvest.Sowing is too early, temperature
It is low and influence emergence, it is easy to be caused the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling by late frost harm or freeze injury, sows too late, influence harvest time.According to plantation
The many years relevant weather data in area combines current year pre-planting temperature change situation, when field planting, temperature at the 10cm of underground
Sowing when reaching 6~7 DEG C；The general field planting time is mid-April, can also according to local late frost time reckoning planting season, one
As planted within 20 days or so before late frost；Arched shed implantation time was at 25 days 2 months to March 15.It, be according to button when arched shed is planted
Situation is observed to the soil moisture in canopy after complete canopy and determines the sowing time, the depths soil 10cm minimum temperature reaches 6~7 in canopy
It DEG C can sow.Temperature of shed rises comparatively fast after having detained canopy, it should be noted that observation temperature of shed and humidity, in case of arid should fill in advance
It irrigates.
2) depth of planting: the depth of planting of potato is to influence the key factor of emergence morning and evening, full stand strong sprout.Generally there is filling
The area sowing for irrigating condition is preferably shallow, and upper seeding avoids rotten kind or extends the seeding stage, influences full stand and strong sprout；Arid area is then suitable
It is deep；Spring cultivation is preferably deep, and autumn culture is preferably shallow；Sand is preferably deep, and argillaceous soil is preferably shallow.Since Tibet most area is sowed in spring
Arid, soil moisture content is moderate when in order to reach potato seed sowing, and (soil moisture content 60~80% is most appropriate, and holding is agglomerating, under nature
Fall and do not dissipate), should suitably it seed deeply, depth of planting is 10~15cm.Part humidity is big and the soil texture sticks heavy area, appropriate shallow
It broadcasts, depth of planting is 6cm~8cm or so；Arched shed planting depth is 8cm~10cm or so, after emergence, gradually deepens ridging, full
Foot knot potato requirement.
3) thickness of sowing: when field planting, sowing potato seed amount is 400~450 pounds/acre, and soil fertility is good, irrigating facility item
The good area of part, line-spacing should suitably be widened, and be conducive to plant ventilation and penetrating light, and can reduce the generation of late blight.Plantation in arched shed
Sowing potato amount is 800~850 pounds/acre.
4) spacing is sowed:
Field planting
(1) single ridge uniline: line-spacing 75cm, spacing in the rows 25cm.
(2) 100cm banding pattern, 70:30 specification (row spacing 70cm, ridge spacing 30cm), single ridge duplicate rows, row single ridge duplicate rows: are used
Away from 20cm, uniline spacing in the rows 30cm.
Arched shed is planted: flat planting, 30~40cm of line-spacing, 20~25cm of spacing in the rows, and harvesting is relatively early to reduce seeding row spacing, harvests later add
Big seeding row spacing, stops growing space.
5, it applies fertilizer to the subsoil:
Fertilising mainly based on base manure, applies 1500~2000kg/ mus of farmyard manure in conjunction with site preparation.Potato specific complex is applied when sowing
Fertile 50kg/ mus or 10 kg/ mus of urea, 22.5kg/ mus of potassium sulfate, 15kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP).It cannot be direct when applying inorganic fertilizer
Potato seed is contacted, chemical fertilizer will directly contact with potato seed to prevent fertilizer away from 4~5cm of potato seed and cause rotten kind and burn seedlings.
6, field management
1) field prophase management: field planting potato does not need to water when the seeding stage, soil moisture content was preferable, height of seedling 5 after emergence
When~10cm combine pour water, weeding carry out first time cultivation and banking, can chesson, promote seedlings root development.Arched shed plantation
Without operation of earthing up, intertillage need to be only carried out in conjunction with weeding and is loosened the soil, arched shed both ends are opened and divulged information by daytime after emergence, are closed at dusk
It closes.It is irrigated in time according to soil moisture content, at any time artificial weeding.
2) field middle term management: combining when 15~20cm of height of seedling and pour water, and imposes 5~8kg/ mus of urea, carries out tillage and weeding.
Crop field carries out second and earths up, and forms big ridge, ridge is up to 20cm.According to soil moisture content, potato breeding time need water feature and
Rain fall performs irrigation and fishing, when watering water no more than ditch depth 2/3 subject to, unsuitable broad irrigation.
3) field final-period management: potato plant reduces irrigation times and water in the later period to flowering phase of buddingging, as after
Phase rainy season precipitation is more, it is necessary to reinforce drainage works, accomplish bottom of trench not ponding.Carry out field manually to clean diseased plant work of roguing
Make, including underground stem tuber, variet complexity and diseased plant is prevented to infect.
4) disease, worm, prevention and control of weeds
(1) it early stage controlling underground pest: turns over, is handled before plantation with insecticide, with 3% pungent sulphur repeatedly after preceding crop harvest
It 3kg/ mus of phosphorus granule, deep ploughs and buries together with farmyard manure；Or land used worm kills 2.5kg/ mus of star and mixes soil and spreads fertilizer over the fields, prevention and treatment potato
Lower pest has grub, cutworm, wireworm etc..
(2) prevention and control of aphids: the insect pest of plant strain growth phase is to prevent based on eliminating aphis, finding to spray 10% imidacloprid or 70% when aphid
1500 times of liquid of menazon, the control efficiency that can have not only played, but also do not waste medicament；Every 16L sprayer adds when spraying medicament
Enter 1~2g washing powder, the wax that can melt aphid secretion destroys aphid protective film, is easy to kill aphid.It is available in its phase of migrating
Yellow card's trap.
(3) prevention and treatment of potato blight: group after 5~7 days, spray 75% Bravo, 80% mancozeb wettable powder or
70% first frost MnZn, three kinds of medicaments alternately spray, and each period sprays a kind of medicine, in order to avoid developing drug resistance, even spray 3 periods,
Each period distances 7~10 days.When epidemic disease occurs, apparent one usually is had at the leaf back side and encloses white mildew, and scab model
Obvious expansion is enclosed, so application improves control efficiency to spray based on leaf back；It was found that diseased plant is clear by soil under diseased plant and strain in time
It removes, far from buried.
(4) control of weeds: after potato sowing within three days, surface soil beats closing herbicide diformazan penta when wet
Spirit carries out soil with 0.13~0.2 liter/mu and is sprayed, can effectively prevent a variety of annual gramineous weeds and part broadleaf weeds.
After potato emergence, three leaf of weeds wholeheartedly before, can play a herbicide again, three leaves wholeheartedly after herbicide effects weaken, prevention and treatment
Effect is bad.With 0.1~0.23 liter/mu of isopropyl methoxalamine, 50% acetochlor ec, 0.15~0.2 liter/mu or 48% trefanocide cream
Oily 0.15~0.2 liter/mu, application best period are 2~4 leaf phase of gramineae weed, broadleaf weeds plant height 5cm after potato emergence
Below.
7. harvest: arched shed harvest when on June 1~10, concentration was robbed, crop field wait for that ground top cauline leaf is most of when harvesting
It is withered and yellow to harvest in batches, be classified arrangement listing, to obtain higher economic benefit.
Potato is concentrated in one day completes harvest, in the case where soil moisture content is fine, can plough immediately and rob in next day
Kind herbage；If what the potato harvest point on one piece of ground was completed for more days, need to harvest in potato all terminates to choose whether depending on soil moisture content
It pours water, meeting the good condition of soil moisture content (soil at crumb structure, that is, holding agglomerating, fall and do not dissipate naturally), can plough rushed planting
Herbage.Multiple Cropping Forage need to avoid rainy season because of flood ground caused by precipitation, should drain flooded fields if having formed flooded ground and rob in time depending on soil moisture content
Kind herbage.And to ensure that the herbage of multiple cropping has certain growth period, the Multiple Cropping Forage time is no more than mid-July.
Two, herbage multiple cropping method
1, variety selection: according to experimental study, the selection of Tibet multiple cropping plot is with High planting or half High planting precocity or early period
Grow faster blueness draw No. 2, sweet tea oat, 444 oat of Qinghai, No. 1 triticale of Shi great and it is sweet draw the kinds such as No. 1 rye can get height
Production, high-quality oat, rye and Triticale Hay Addition.Seed should select the oat seed for reaching national grade ii standard or more.
2, soil cultivation: after potato harvest, site preparation is planted immediately if soil moisture content suitable planting；As soil moisture content reaches
It requires to irrigate in time less than pasture growing, irrigates depth and reach 20cm or so；Sunning 1~3 day, makes moisture be fully infiltrated into soil
Topsoil, site preparation is planted later.Site preparation uses rotary cultivator or disc harrow, and ravel soil, plays smooth earth's surface, compacting surface soil, eliminates
The effects of weeds, rhizome and soil moisture conservation.For depth of soil preparation between 15~20cm, leveling rake carefully reaches state to be broadcast, and arched shed plot will
Arched shed takes mechanical tillage operation after removing again.
3, it sows
The calm fine day of selection spreads out seed before broadcasting is exposed to the sun 3~5 days at 2cm thickness, and promoting seed to sprout, (sowing the previous day fills at dusk
Bag).Every 100 ㎏ seed is watered 5~10 ㎏ seed dressing with 50% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate, 0.1 ㎏ and carries out before the serious plot of subterranean pest-insect is broadcast
Prevention and treatment.
It is generally sowed in 1~5 day after potato harvest in 6~July, is no more than July 15 at the latest.Take mechanical drilling
Or it broadcasts sowing.Oat application rate is 15~20kg/ mus, 11~14kg/ mus of the rye of Gan Yin 1,18~20kg/ mus of triticale, drilling
15~20cm of line-spacing, 2~4cm of seed level.20 ~ 30 kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) is applied when sowing and makees seed manure, broadcasts rear timely suppression of soil.
4, field management
It meets drought in tiller, jointing to boot stage and need to be irrigated in time, chased after respectively before and after tillering stage and boot stage in conjunction with pouring water
5~8kg/ mus of urea are applied, guarantees " two water, two fertilizer ".Loxostege sticticalis, mythimna separata, aphid insect pest such as occurs, it can be with imidacloprid, 5% efficiently
Cypermethrin, dimethoate emulsion are prevented and treated.
5, it harvests
Frost occurs stop growing after cradled, toothing 5cm paves sunning on the spot after cutting down, dry 1~2 day, 16 % of water content with
Bale or Ji Duo can be broken into when lower.Stacking selects at dry and ventilated, and bale is arranged by triangle disposition, is conducive to dry and ventilated.
Obtain that Early cropping potato kind and growth period in Tibet suitable planting are short or early growth is rapid by test
Blueness draw No. 2, sweet tea oat, 444 oat of Qinghai, No. 1 triticale of Shi great and it is sweet draw the annual feed grass such as No. 1 rye carry out multiple cropping, mention
High land utilization ratio and unit area productivity effect.As at the beginning of at 6 months multiple cropping, mid-September harvest, blueness draw No. 2 oats, sweet tea oat and
The hay yield of 444 oat of Qinghai can respectively reach 1150kg/ mus, 1214kg/ mus and 1209kg/ mus；Big No. 1 triticale of stone
1000kg/ mus, for No. 1 rye hay yield of Gan Yin up to 841kg/ mus, the herbage harvested at this time is exactly performance optimal period, according to
2.4 yuan/kg of hay price is calculated, and can increase by 1600~2500 yuan/mu of economic well-being of workers and staff.
In Tibet potato planting region, Early cropping potato has longer time to be suitble to herbage after June~July harvests
Growth, after the masses harvest potato at present, soil leaves unused substantially, while place and scarce forage grass.Potato Multiple Cropping herbage is taken to create
New method takes greatly arched shed planting measure by choosing Early cropping potato kind, adopting, promotes potato to do sth. in advance maturation, while receiving
Obtain and plant mid-early maturity herbage variety after potato in quickly in time, realize two season crop uniform growth, the gross output value and net income are above late
Ripe potato nonoculture.Qinghai-Tibet potato producing region potato-herbage multiple cropping method is proposed, had both met the masses to potato
Seasonal demand, while improving land utilization ratio, increase economic benefit, reduce soil it is exposed caused by soil erosion,
Job opportunity is increased, forage grass insufficient supply is compensated for, plays the role of the rotation of crops, multiple cropping plot the next spring still can be with
Potato is planted, economic benefit and ecological benefits are significantly improved.
Embodiment 1
444 oat of multiple cropping Qinghai after the Shigatse City area the Sang Zhuzi township Dong Ga click village arched shed plants Favorita potato:
(1) potato planting
Step S1, selection of land: in choice set in flakes, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the preferable sandy loam of traffic convenience fertility level or loam plot,
Deep ploughed 30cm or so before winter, chesson.
Step S2, site preparation organic fertilizer: spreading fertilizer over the fields decomposed cattle and sheep excrement 1500kg for 23 days 2 months, pour water within 24 days 2 months, and 27 days 2 months
It is 25cm with plough depth of ploughing, then uses rotary cultivator rotary tillage 1 time, rotary tillage depth 15cm is flattened wait broadcast.
Step S3, set up arched shed: building arched shed within 28 days 2 months, the metal frame of 5 meters of bottom width, 1.5 meters of sagitta be placed in
Kind plot, uses 8 × 50 meters of light transmittances to be covered on for 60~75% plastic film, 20cm deep drain is repaired around canopy, is used in combination
The soil of ditching is compacted plastic foil.It pours water again after having taken canopy, it is ensured that soil moisture content is suitable for when sowing, detains canopy then to improve canopy
The interior soil moisture.
Step S4, apply seed manure sowing: March 1(underground 10cm temperature is minimum in arched shed at this time reaches 6~7 DEG C) sowing, put down
It broadcasts, broadcasts 8300 plants or so per acre, when sowing takes width ditch to ditch mode, has a narrow ditch beside wide ditch at 5cm, wide ditch presses 20
~ 25cm spacing in the rows puts potato seed, and narrow ditch item applies compound fertilizer specially used for potato 50kg/ mus of (active constituent content N, P2O5、K2O's contains
Amount is than being 1:1:1).Ditch 30 ~ 40cm of line-spacing, ditch depth 8cm, discharge potato seed, applied fertilizer after ditch is disposably covered it is flat.
Step S5, field management: arched shed both ends are opened and are divulged information by daytime after emergence, are closed heat preservation at dusk, are irrigated in time, people
Work weeding；When 5~10cm of height of seedling combine pour water, weeding carry out for the first time intertillage chesson, promote seedlings root development；Height of seedling
Carried out when 15~20cm intertillage loosen the soil, weeding, and combine pour water, impose 5kg/ mus of urea.
Step S4, early June starts to harvest in batches, is classified arrangement listing, to obtain higher economic benefit.
(2) pasture growing
Step 1, pasture growing: the complete plot of potato harvest is directly used rotary cultivator rotary tillage 1 time, rotary tillage depth 15cm, leveling,
Then mechanical drilling, line-spacing 20cm, 15kg/ mus of the oat amount of broadcasting, when sowing, applies 20kg/ mus of seed manure Diammonium phosphate (DAP) together with seed,
2~3cm of earthing suppression in time after broadcasting；
Step 2, field management: meeting drought and need to irrigate in time in tiller, jointing to heading stage, combines and fills in tillering stage and booting initial stage
Water imposes 5kg/ mus of urea respectively；
Step 3, harvest: being cradled, toothing 5cm for September 30th using grass trimmer, sunning is paved after cutting down on the spot, after sunning 1 day
Break into bale, stacking at dry and ventilated.
Test result: potato is averaged 550kg/ mus, and 850kg/ mus of oat, 21 yuan/kg of potato average price, oat is dry
Careless 2.4 yuan/kg of average price increases by 1640 yuan of net income relative to single potato per acre.
Embodiment 2
Multiple cropping blueness draws No. 2 oats after the potato of Shigatse City Nanmulin country Emma township granny rag village field planting Yongfeng 3:
(1) potato planting
Step S1, selection of land: in choice set in flakes, irrigation and drainage are convenient, the preferable sandy loam of traffic convenience fertility level or loam plot,
Deep ploughed 30cm or so before winter, chesson.
Step S2, site preparation organic fertilizer: mu applies decomposed cattle and sheep excrement 2000kg, applies in conjunction with site preparation, is conducive to soil and dredges
Pine；In conjunction with soil moisture content, deep ploughing is fitted and is ploughed, and to accomplish shallow rotation of deep ploughing, and upper Panasonic is real, and with benefit emergence, then tilling depth 30cm uses rotation
It ploughs machine rotary tillage 1 time, rotary tillage depth 12cm is flattened after rotary tillage.
Step S3, it sows: sowing on April 10, irrigation before seeding；Single ridge duplicate rows plantation, using 100cm banding pattern, 70:30 specification
That is row spacing 70cm, ridge spacing 30cm, line-spacing 20cm, when sowing, take width ditch to ditch mode, have at 4cm beside wide ditch one narrow
Ditch, wide ditch put potato seed by 30cm uniline spacing in the rows, and narrow ditch item applies 10 kg/ mus of urea, 22.5kg/ mus of potassium sulfate, phosphoric acid
15kg/ mus of diammonium.
Step S4, field management: irrigating, artificial weeding in time, combine when 5~10cm of height of seedling pour water, weeding carries out first
Secondary cultivation and banking, can chesson, promote seedlings root development；It combines and pours water when 15~20cm of height of seedling, impose 5kg/ mus of urea,
And weeding and second of cultivation and banking are carried out, big ridge is formed, ridge is up to 20cm；
Step S5, disease pest and weed is prevented and treated: it sprays 10% imidacloprid when discovery aphid or is sprayed with 70% 1500 times of liquid of menazon,
Every sprayer adds a small amount of washing powder of 1g~2g when spraying medicament, can melt the wax of aphid secretion, is easy to kill aphid.It moves at it
The winged phase can use yellow card's trap；The prevention and treatment of potato blight: 5~7 days after group, 75% Bravo, 80% Mancozeb wettable are sprayed
Pulvis, 70% first frost MnZn or mancozeb wettable powder, three kinds of medicaments alternately spray, in order to avoid developing drug resistance, even spray
3 periods, each period distances 7~10 days.It was found that diseased plant in time removes soil under diseased plant and strain, far from buried；Weeds are used
0.1~0.23 liter/mu of isopropyl methoxalamine, 50% acetochlor ec, 0.15~0.2 liter/mu or 48% trifluralin ec 0.15~0.2
Liter/mu is prevented and treated.
Step S6, harvest: mid-July, classification arrange listing, to obtain higher economic benefit.
(2) pasture growing
Step 1, pasture growing: the complete plot of potato harvest is directly used rotary cultivator rotary tillage 1 time, rotary tillage depth 15cm, leveling.
Mechanical drilling, line-spacing 15cm, 20kg/ mus of the oat amount of broadcasting.30kg/ mus of seed manure Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are applied when sowing together with seed.After broadcasting
Timely suppression of soil, 2~3cm of earthing are advisable.
Step 2, field management: it meets drought in tiller, jointing to heading stage and need to be irrigated in time, in tillering stage and jointing stage
8kg/ mus of urea are imposed respectively in conjunction with pouring water.
Step 3, harvest: October 11 was cradled using grass trimmer, and toothing 5cm paves sunning on the spot after cutting down, sunning
Bale, stacking at dry and ventilated are broken into after 1 day.
Test result: 593kg/ mus of oat hay yield, 1000kg/ mus of potato, 10 yuan/kg of potato average price,
2.4 yuan/kg of oat hay average price.Increase by 905 yuan of net income per acre relative to single potato.
The multiple cropping effect of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 is compared with single, and the results are shown in Table 1, has the data of table 1 can
Know, Multiple cropping oats after Early cropping potato plantation, gross profit is higher than single potato and single oat per acre, efficiently solves kind
It is big and cause that income is small, limitation Early cropping potato production asks to plant potato waste land resource and sunlight-heat reaources, investment in human resources
Topic.
1 oat of table and potato planting vehicle benefits situation statistical form
Each embodiment in this specification is all made of relevant mode and describes, and same and similar part is mutual between each embodiment
Mutually referring to each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all
Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so within the spirit and principles in the present invention, are all contained in protection scope of the present invention
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage, which is characterized in that be first to make it most using arched shed or field planting Early cropping potato
Early harvest, then Early cropping potato harvest after timely Multiple Cropping Forage.
2. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described precocious using arched shed plantation
The specific steps of potato are as follows:
Step S1a, selection of land and site preparation: the preferable sandy loam of selection fertility level or loam plot deep ploughed before the winter, carry out winter ploughing solarization
It turns up soil, chesson；First farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface when broadcasting preplanting treatment, then deep ploughed and revolves ground operation, by farmyard manure
It is uniformly blended into soil；
Step S2a, it builds arched shed: building arched shed on plot after site preparation, button canopy is after the completion of arched shed is built to be promoted
Temperature of shed keeps soil moisture content；
Step S3a, fertilising and sowing: when the depths soil 10cm minimum temperature reaches 6~7 DEG C, reaches soil moisture content requirement in arched shed
It can sow, depth of planting is 8~10cm, and plantation sowing potato amount is 800~850 pounds/acre, and sowing line-spacing is 30~40cm, strain
Away from 20~25cm；Width ditch trench digging mode is taken when sowing, wide ditch side is narrow ditch at 4 ~ 5cm, potato seed is put in wide ditch,
Compound fertilizer specially used for potato 50kg/ mus, or urea 10kg/ mus of application, 22.5kg/ mus of potassium sulfate and Diammonium phosphate (DAP) are applied in narrow ditch
15kg/ mus；
Step S4a, field management: arched shed both ends are opened and are divulged information by daytime after emergence, close heat preservation at dusk, irrigate in time, is artificial
Weeding；When 5~10cm of height of seedling combine pour water, weeding carry out for the first time intertillage loosen the soil, promote seedlings root development；Height of seedling 15~
It combines weeding to carry out second of intertillage when 20cm to loosen the soil, and combines and pour water, impose 5kg/ mus of urea, during which carry out disease, worm, crop smothering
Prevention and treatment, and carry out the diseased plant that manually rogues and work；
Step S5a, harvest: early June harvests Early cropping potato in batches.
3. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described precocious using field planting
The specific steps of potato are as follows:
Step S1b, selection of land and site preparation: the preferable sandy loam of selection fertility level or loam plot deep ploughed before the winter, carry out winter ploughing solarization
It turns up soil, chesson；First farmyard manure is spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface when broadcasting preplanting treatment, then deep ploughed and is flattened after revolving ground operation, it will
Farmyard manure is uniformly blended into soil；
Step S2b, fertilising and sowing: the crop field underground depths 10cm minimum temperature reaches 6~7 DEG C, soil moisture content is when reaching requirement
Sowing, sowing potato amount are 400~450 pounds/acre, and using single ridge uniline or the plantation of single ridge duplicate rows implantation methods, when sowing takes width
Narrow ditch trench digging mode, wide ditch side is narrow ditch at 4 ~ 5cm, and potato seed is put in wide ditch, and it is dedicated multiple to apply potato in narrow ditch
Hefei 50kg/ mus, or urea 10kg/ mus of application, 22.5kg/ mus of potassium sulfate and 15kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP)；
Step S3b, field management: water feature and rain fall is needed to perform irrigation and row according to soil moisture content, potato breeding time
Vatman makees, artificial weeding, during which carries out disease, worm, prevention and control of weeds, combines when 5~10cm of height of seedling and pours water, in weeding progress first time
Ridging is ploughed, chesson promotes seedlings root development；It combines and pours water when 15~20cm of height of seedling, impose 5kg/ mus of urea, and carry out
Weeding and second of cultivation and banking form ridge up to the big ridge of 20cm, during which carry out the diseased plant that manually rogues and work；
Step S4b, harvest: mid-July harvests Early cropping potato.
4. the method for described in any item Potato Multiple Cropping herbages according to claim 1 ~ 3, which is characterized in that the Multiple Cropping Forage
Specific step is as follows:
Step 1, variety selection: through experimental study, precocity or the rapid herbage of early growth of High planting or half High planting are selected
It is planted；
Step 2, soil cultivation: after the completion of Early cropping potato harvest, if soil moisture content is suitable for, then site preparation planting forage grass immediately, such as
Pasture growing requirement, which is not achieved, in soil moisture content to irrigate in time, dry 1~3 day after irrigation, moisture is made to be fully infiltrated into soil plough horizon,
Site preparation is planted later；
Seed: being exposed to the sun 3~5 days by step 3, sowing before broadcasting, and seed is promoted to sprout, and broadcasts in 1 ~ 5 day after Early cropping potato harvest
Kind, it takes mechanical drilling or broadcasts sowing, broadcast rear timely suppression of soil；
Step 4, field management: it meets drought in tiller, jointing to heading stage and need to be irrigated in time, before and after tillering stage and heading stage
5~8kg/ mus of urea are imposed respectively in conjunction with pouring water, and carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
Step 5, harvest: frost occurs stop growing after cradled.
5. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that need to select before the sowing
Kind and the processing of potato kind choose the Early cropping potato of smooth in appearance, disease-free wound as potato kind, the kind for being 45~55g by size first
Potato carries out whole photo sowing, and more than 55 grams yampis need stripping and slicing in 2~3 days prior to seeding to form potato wedge of uniform size, each potato wedge weight
Amount is between 30g~50g, and each potato wedge at least 2 bud eyes；
The whole potato is placed in the greenhouse that 18~25 DEG C have scattering light 10~15 days before sowing, stir within 3 ~ 5 days it is primary, allow its from
Right suspend mode germination promotees to sow when bud mutation is green, and bud is long is no more than 1cm；
Before sowing by every 25kg potato wedge 1kg plant ash and 50g fungicide add 1kg water dress seed, then place it in carton or
In bamboo basket, it can be sowed after 2~3 days；
The fungicide uses carbendazim or Bravo；
When the yampi stripping and slicing forms potato wedge, cutter will be immersed in 1% liquor potassic permanganate or 75% after often cutting a potato wedge
It carries out disinfection in alcohol.
6. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that deep ploughed 30cm before the winter；
Arable land before the sowing is the shallow rotation of deep ploughing, and tilling depth is 25 ~ 30cm, and rotary tillage depth is 12~15cm, is made on soil
Panasonic is real；
The farmyard manure is decomposed cattle and sheep excrement, and mu applies 1500 ~ 2000kg；
It is mixed into insecticide when ploughing before the sowing, deep ploughs and buries together with farmyard manure, prevents and treats subterranean pest-insect；
When sowing, there are the area of irrigation conditions, argillaceous soil to be suitble to upper seeding, arid area and sand are suitble to seed deeply；
The depth of planting of the upper seeding is 6~8cm, and the depth of planting seed deeplyed is 10~15cm；
The sowing when soil moisture content reaches requirement is 60~80%, holds soil under agglomerating and nature in soil moisture content
Fall sowing when not dissipating.
7. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the disease, worm, crop smothering are anti-
Control the prevention and treatment of prevention and treatment including early stage subterranean pest-insect, the prevention and treatment of aphid, the prevention and treatment of potato blight and weeds；
The prevention and treatment of the early stage subterranean pest-insect is to turn over repeatedly after preceding crop harvests, mixes soil with insecticide processing before plantation and spread
It applies, prevents and treats potato subterranean pest-insect；
The prevention and treatment of the aphid is that 1500 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid or 70% menazon are sprayed when finding aphid, and when spraying
1 ~ 2g washing powder is added in every sprayer, to destroy aphid protective film, aphid is killed, in its phase yellow card's trap that migrates；
The prevention and treatment of the potato blight is that it is gloomy to spray 75% Bravo, 80% generation at the potato leaf back side 5~7 days after group
Mancozeb wettable powder or first frost MnZn, three kinds of medicaments alternately spray, and each period sprays one kind, in order to avoid generate anti-medicine
Property, it even sprays 3 periods, each period distances 7~10 days, discovery diseased plant in time removes soil under diseased plant and strain, far from buried；
The prevention and treatment of the weeds is after potato sowing in three days, and surface soil plays closed herbicide two when wet
It is spraying to carry out soil with 0.13~0.2 liter/mu for penta spirit of first；2~4 leaf phase of gramineae weed, broadleaf weeds after potato emergence
When plant height 5cm or less, 0.1~0.23 liter/mu of isopropyl methoxalamine, 50% acetochlor ec, 0.15~0.2 liter/mu or 48% fluorine are sprayed
Happy 0.15~0.2 liter/mu of missible oil.
8. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described precocious using field planting
When potato, the line-spacing of single ridge uniline is 75cm, spacing in the rows 25cm；
Row spacing 70cm, the ridge spacing 30cm of list ridge duplicate rows, line-spacing 20cm, uniline spacing in the rows are 30cm.
9. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the Early cropping potato of the plantation
For Favorita or Yongfeng 3；
The herbage of the multiple cropping is that blueness draws No. 2, sweet tea oat, 444 oat of Qinghai, No. 1 triticale of Shi great or sweet draws No. 1 rye；
After mainly arched shed being removed after the arched shed plantation Early cropping potato carry out site preparation Multiple Cropping Forage again；
Pasture growing requirement, which is not achieved, in the soil moisture content to irrigate in time, irrigate depth and reach 20cm, before the pasture growing
Depth of soil preparation is 15 ~ 20cm.
10. the method for Potato Multiple Cropping herbage according to claim 4, which is characterized in that when the pasture growing, will plant
Son is exposed to the sun 3~5 days, after promoting seed to sprout, 50% phoxim of every 100kg seed before plot serious for subterranean pest-insect is broadcast
Missible oil 0.1kg adds 5~10kg of water seed dressing to be prevented and treated；
When the pasture growing, application rate be 15~20kg/ of oat mus, 11~14kg/ mus of the rye of Gan Yin 1, triticale 18~
20kg/ mus, 15~20cm of drill spacing, 2~4cm of seed level, when sowing, applies 20 ~ 30kg/ mus of Diammonium phosphate (DAP) together with seed and plants
Fertilizer broadcasts rear timely suppression of soil；
The pasture growing time is no more than mid-July.
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| CN111165277A (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2020-05-19 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa |
| CN111165277B (en) * | 2020-02-26 | 2022-03-25 | 云南省草地动物科学研究院 | Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa |
| CN111357592A (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2020-07-03 | 黑龙江省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | Method for replanting potatoes and cabbages in open field in cold region of Heilongjiang province |
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