CN111165277A

CN111165277A - Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa

Info

Publication number: CN111165277A
Application number: CN202010119990.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冉光富; 匡崇义; 杨文翠; 陈永玻; 伍丽仙; 刘祖文; 许艳梅; 韦光伟; 罗克江; 周裕敬; 黄必志; 薛世明; 张美艳; 李乔仙
Original assignee: Funing Animal Husbandry Technology Popularization Work Station; Yanshan Animal Husbandry Technology Popularization Work Station; YUNNAN ACADEME OF GRASSLAND AND ANIMAL SCIENCE
Current assignee: Funing Animal Husbandry Technology Popularization Work Station; Yanshan Animal Husbandry Technology Popularization Work Station; YUNNAN ACADEME OF GRASSLAND AND ANIMAL SCIENCE
Priority date: 2020-02-26
Filing date: 2020-02-26
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-02-26
Also published as: CN111165277B

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid breeding method of African green bristlegrass, which belongs to the field of agricultural planting and mainly comprises the following steps: the method mainly aims to try to use a mode of transplanting after seedling cultivation for the reproduction of the African green bristlegrass for the first time, compared with the traditional direct sowing mode, the method for planting the African green bristlegrass is quick, the cultivation time is obviously shortened, the survival rate is increased, the harm of weeds is reduced, and the process of planting the African green bristlegrass lawn is accelerated.

Description

Rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural planting, and particularly relates to a rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa.

Background

The African green bristlegrass is superior forage grass of Gramineae with perennial tropical zone subtropical zone. The yunnan province grassland animal science institute introduced the african green bristlegrass variety naloko from australia in 1983, and was approved as the noroko african green bristlegrass (Setaria sphacelata cv. narok) variety by the national grass variety approval committee in 1997 11 months. Through the popularization and planting of more than 30 years, the cultivation is carried out in Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi and the like, the large-area planting is mainly carried out in states (cities) such as Dehong, Baoshan, Lincang, Dali, Chuxiong, Kunming, Yuxi, Wenshan, Pu' er and the like in Yunnan, and the cultivation is mainly used for artificial grassland planting, highway slope protection, water and soil conservation and the like.

In the planting process of the African green bristlegrass, the planting process is characterized in that the planting process is carried out by turning over the soil, removing impurities and leveling, sowing is carried out 6-7 months before a rainy season comes, and the planting effect is poor due to slow growth of the African green bristlegrass in the seedling stage and fast growth of weeds in 3 months after the sowing.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a rapid propagation method of African green bristlegrass, which shortens the propagation time by means of firstly cultivating seedlings and then transplanting, greatly improves the survival rate of artificially planted African green bristlegrass by means of the method, and provides support for rapid commercial application of the African green bristlegrass.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are provided:

a rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) selecting land and treating the land, selecting cultivated soil in 4 months, wherein the organic matter content of a cultivated layer is more than 5%, the depth of the cultivated soil is more than 15 cm, the surface soil is finely crushed, the ground surface is smooth, and the diameter of a soil block is less than 1 cm;

(2) treating seeds, namely selecting full and healthy pure seeds as the seeds harvested newly in the previous year, wherein the purity is more than 95%, and the germination rate is more than 15%;

(3) sowing and watering, wherein the sowing amount is more than 2 kilograms per mu, the seedlings are uniformly sown on a prepared seedbed, and the soil covering depth is not more than 2 centimeters; then covering with a covering material, wherein the covering degree reaches over 90 percent, watering, removing the covering material when the germination rate of the seeds reaches over 80 percent in 10-15 days after sowing, watering once every 10 am or 6 pm after removing, and watering once every 3 days when the covering degree of the plants reaches over 90 percent;

(4) transplanting and utilizing, namely transplanting in batches in 6-7 months after the seedlings grow for three months, firstly selecting healthy and strong seedlings to transplant with soil, and forbidding cutting utilization or grazing utilization within two months.

Further, the watering method after the covering of the covering material in the step (3) is spraying, and the covering material is sprayed to the soil with the surface soil layer thickness of 3 cm to moisten the soil.

Further, the watering method after the covering is removed in the step (3) is spraying, and spraying the covering to soil with the thickness of at least 5 cm of a surface soil layer to moisten the soil.

Further, in the step (3), the covering is non-woven fabric or hay.

Further, the hay is straw or masson pine.

Further, in the step (4), transplanting is performed on cloudy days or rainy days.

Furthermore, the height of the healthy and strong seedlings in the step (4) is more than 60 cm, and the tillering number is more than 2.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the method makes full use of the air temperature and the illumination in 4-6 months, so that the green grass in Africa grows for 3 months in advance, and the problem that the seedling in the early stage of the green grass in Africa grows slowly and has weak competitiveness with weeds is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the transplanted African green bristlegrass can blossom and fruit in 9-10 months, the seed after fructification is strong in shattering property, and the shattered seed can germinate and grow on soil to form a new African green bristlegrass plant.

When growing seedlings, adopt the non-woven fabrics to cover the seed and can reach the heat retaining effect of moisturizing, but the non-woven fabrics cost is higher, need more miscellaneous clearance steps after the later stage is retrieved, the hay kind is more, use and play this effect equally, it is wide to use masson pine coverage, grasp the thickness of covering easily, and masson pine gas permeability and heat preservation moisturizing performance are excellent, be difficult for breeding pine caterpillar and disease, germinate with the influence seed, bring new disease for the seed, the seedling is grown out the back, can collect and directly be used for soil fertilizer.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will now be described by way of specific embodiments shown. It is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides a rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa, which comprises the following steps:

1. land selection and surface treatment

In the 4 months, land blocks which are fertile in soil, few in weeds and capable of being irrigated are selected for fine land preparation. The method requires the soil to be cultivated soil, the organic matter content of a cultivated layer is more than 5%, the depth of the cultivated soil is more than 15 cm, the surface soil is finely crushed, the ground surface is smooth, and the diameter of a soil block is less than 1 cm.

2. Seed treatment

The seeds need to be newly harvested in the previous year, cleaning treatment needs to be carried out, empty and shrunken seeds and impurities are removed through air separation, and full and healthy pure seeds are left. The purity of the treated seeds is required to reach more than 95 percent, and the germination rate is required to reach more than 15 percent.

3. Seeding and watering

When sowing, the sowing amount is more than 2 kg/mu, the seeds are uniformly sown on a prepared seedbed, a multi-tooth rake is used for lightly raking the seeds and covering soil, and the soil covering depth is not more than 2 cm; then, non-woven fabrics or masson pine is adopted for covering, the coverage degree reaches more than 90%, finally watering is carried out, spraying is carried out, so that the stable positions of surface soil and seeds are kept, and the soil is sprayed to the surface soil layer to be moist with the thickness of 3 cm. The non-woven fabric or the masson pine can be removed when the germination rate of the seeds reaches more than 80 percent in 10-15 days after sowing, the seeds are watered once a day before 10 am or 6 pm after the covering is removed, the soil with the depth of 5 cm is watered thoroughly in a spraying mode, and the non-woven fabric or the masson pine can be watered once every 2-3 days when the coverage of the African green bristlegrass plants reaches more than 90 percent.

4. Transplantation and utilization

After three months of growth, batch transplanting is carried out in 6-7 months in rainy season. The transplanting effect is better when the cloudy or rainy weather is selected, healthy and strong seedlings with higher plants or more tillers are firstly selected for transplanting with soil, and the soil around the root system needs to be compacted after the transplanting and earthing to prevent the water from evaporating; at the moment, the African green bristlegrass can grow vigorously and can compete with weeds through strong tillering to achieve a good planting effect. And (4) forbidding mowing utilization or grazing utilization within two months after transplanting, so as to promote tillering, flowering and fructification of the Africa green bristlegrass.

Example 2

1. Land selection and surface treatment

In 6-7 months and in rainy season, the cultivated soil is selected and then ploughed, decontaminated and leveled.

2. Seed treatment

3. Seeding

When sowing, the sowing quantity is more than 2 kilograms per mu, the seeds are uniformly sown on a prepared seedbed, a multi-tooth rake is used for lightly raking the prepared seedbed to cover soil, the soil covering depth is not more than 2 centimeters, and the seeds can naturally grow.

According to the technical scheme of the embodiment 1 and the technical scheme of the embodiment 2, two places, namely, funing county, a dragon hawkmark village and funing county, a Baiyangxiyuijing, are selected for carrying out a seedling raising experiment and a transplanting experiment, and after the two places are implemented, the following test results are obtained:

as can be seen from tables 1 and 2, after the seeds germinate, tillering and transplanting are carried out, the survival rate is high, and the transplanting survival rate is up to 99.50 percent on average, the plant height is up to 95.50 cm on average and the tillering number is up to 6.52 plants per plant measured after one month of seedling transplantation; the average plant height is 132.50 cm and the average tillering number is 26.93 per plant measured after transplanting for two months; the average plant height is 169.07 cm, the average tillering number is 31.70 per plant, and the selection of the improved seeds also has certain effect on the seed germination rate. The survival rate of the seeds after the seeds are transplanted after seedling cultivation is obviously higher than the traditional effect of direct sowing in 6-7 months.

While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention may be embodied with additional modifications as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the details given herein and to the embodiments shown and described without departing from the generic concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid breeding method of green grass in Africa is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method for rapid propagation of green african grass according to claim 1, wherein the watering method after covering the cover in step (3) is spraying, and spraying to soil with a thickness of 3 cm on the top soil layer to moisten the soil.

3. The rapid propagation method of green african grass according to claim 1, characterized in that the watering method after removing the mulch in step (3) is spraying, and spraying to soil moisture with a thickness of at least 5 cm on the top soil layer.

4. The method for rapid propagation of green grass in Africa according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the covering is non-woven fabric or hay.

5. The method for rapid propagation of Setaria africana according to claim 4, wherein the hay is straw or masson pine.

6. The method for rapid propagation of green grass in Africa according to claim 1, wherein transplanting is performed on cloudy or rainy days in the step (4).

7. The method for rapid propagation of Setaria Africana according to claim 1, wherein the height of the healthy and strong seedling in step (4) is more than 60 cm, and the number of tillers is more than 2.