CN114946501B - Method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus - Google Patents

Method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114946501B
CN114946501B CN202210598657.7A CN202210598657A CN114946501B CN 114946501 B CN114946501 B CN 114946501B CN 202210598657 A CN202210598657 A CN 202210598657A CN 114946501 B CN114946501 B CN 114946501B
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film
forestation
sowing
ammopiptanthus mongolicus
planting
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CN114946501A (en
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李建堂
卢昌社
李小娥
张世菊
李兵帮
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State Owned Forest Farm And Seedling Workstation In Baiyin City
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State Owned Forest Farm And Seedling Workstation In Baiyin City
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G17/00Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
    • A01G17/005Cultivation methods
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275Films
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/22Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/40Afforestation or reforestation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus, which belongs to the technical field of forestry and comprises the steps of soil preparation, watering, seed treatment, sowing, ventilation, seedling placement, reseeding and inspection, wherein after sowing, a film is covered on a planting hole, the middle part of the film is concave, the specification of the planting hole in sowing is 25-40cm long by 25-40cm wide by 25-40cm high by 25-40cm, the method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus provided by the invention has high survival rate and large growth quantity, and because the film is covered for preserving moisture and increasing temperature, a better growth environment is created, the survival rate of the film is improved by 26% compared with that of the film, the annual average growth quantity is up to 17.6cm, and forestation can be realized in three years; meanwhile, the planting method is simple, the materials are cheap, the survival rate of forestation is more than 90%, the growth amount is high by 17.6cm, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization.

Description

Method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forestry, in particular to a method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus.
Background
Soil desertification is a great threat to the development of agriculture worldwide, and deteriorates the land breeding capability, and reduces the agriculture and animal production capability and the biological yield, thereby reducing the area of cultivated land and pasture. Soil and water loss due to desertification and land impoverishment have caused many countries to suffer annual famines. The world is increasing year by year with desertification affected land. If desertification continues without effective inhibition, irreparable losses will result. Therefore, the method protects and utilizes the good land, seals sand to cultivate grass, builds a sand-wind prevention forest, realizes forestry treatment, and can fully exert the vegetation group effect so as to achieve the purpose of sand removal and soil returning.
The ilex pubescens is a second-level important protection plant in China, is the only evergreen broad-leaf shrubs in northwest, is also called mongolian ilex pubescens and the like, is mainly distributed in low mountain areas such as Ningxia, inner mongolia and the like. The ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds have extremely strong water absorption capacity, are suitable for growing in gravel soil, can sprout quickly, have extremely strong drought resistance and heat resistance, can grow under extremely severe weather conditions, are typical drought-resistant plants, and can resist wind and sand, so that the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds are widely planted in sand areas of China. The branches and leaves of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus can be used as medicines, and are excellent germplasm resources in sand plants at present. Starting from the 80 s of the last century, many scientific research institutions utilize wild ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds for artificial breeding, but the emergence rate of ammopiptanthus mongolicus is only 30%, and ammopiptanthus mongolicus field seedlings are not easy to survive in transplanting forestation, so that the ammopiptanthus mongolicus is cultivated in a container seedling or direct seeding forestation mode.
The Chinese patent with publication number of CN103168585B discloses a container seedling raising method for ammopiptanthus mongolicus, which is characterized in that container seedling raising seedlings are ordered in seedling emergence, uniform in seedling size, difficult to damage roots in transplanting and forestation, high in forestation survival rate, but not embodying specific survival rate, so that the effect is not clear, water and fertilizer management is enhanced in the seedling raising process, the process is complex, and the container seedling or direct seeding forestation method is influenced by factors such as rainfall reduction, rainfall time, container seedling quality, production cost and the like, so that the accidental is very large, and the forestation survival rate and the growth are very unstable. And the drought-resistant tree species forestation is totally barren mountain forestation, is limited by topography and environment, and has low survival rate of direct seeding, so the application provides a method for forestation of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus.
A method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus includes such steps as preparing soil, watering, treating seeds, sowing, ventilation, putting seedlings, supplementing seeds, checking, and coating the film after sowing, wherein said film is coated on the planting holes with the middle part being concave, and the specification of planting holes in sowing is 25-40cm long by 25-40cm wide by 25-40cm high by 25-40cm.
Preferably, the film is an agricultural film, and the film gauge is 0.7-1m wide by 0.7-1.4m long.
Preferably, the sowing is to sow 5-8 sand ilex seeds in each hole within 10-15h after watering, and the soil covering thickness is 1-1.5cm.
Preferably, the seeds are planted in the south of the position 3cm to 5cm away from the bottom of the planting hole during sowing.
Preferably, after watering, the water content in the planting holes is 40-65%.
Preferably, the soil is prepared according to the density of 80-110 plants/mu.
Preferably, the plant-row spacing is 2m (plant spacing) ×3-4m (row spacing).
Preferably, the seed treatment is that the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds are sterilized and then washed, soaked in clear water for 10-15 hours, and the water temperature is 50-60 ℃.
Preferably, the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds are sterilized by using potassium permanganate with the mass fraction of 0.5%.
Preferably, the method of checking is as follows: checking the damage condition of the film, pressing the damaged film into soil, discharging the seedlings which are over or not discharged, and pressing the soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for forestation of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus provided by the invention has the advantages that the survival rate is high, the growth amount is large, a better growth environment is created due to the preservation of soil moisture and the temperature increase of the tectorial membrane, the survival rate of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus is improved by 10.8% compared with that of the tectorial membrane, the annual average growth amount is up to 17.6cm, and forestation can be realized in three years; meanwhile, the planting method is simple, the materials are cheap, the survival rate and the preservation rate of forestation are both over 90 percent, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization.
2. Compared with container seedling forestation, the method for forestation of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus provided by the invention has the advantages that links of seedling raising, seedling transportation and the like are omitted, the cost is saved, and the forestation process is simplified.
3. The invention provides a proper planting hole size and a proper position for sowing in the planting hole, and the planting hole is matched with a tectorial membrane, thereby achieving the purposes of preserving soil moisture, improving ground temperature, promoting rapid germination of seeds and promoting high growth, avoiding the influence of ponding and humidity on survival rate, ensuring moisture content, shading and drought resistance, providing a proper environment for the growth of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus, and further improving survival rate and high growth.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is, but it should be understood that the invention is not limited to specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention. The experimental methods described in the examples of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
(1) Preparing land: soil preparation is carried out according to the density of 110 plants/mu, the plant row spacing is 2m (plant spacing) multiplied by 3m (row spacing), planting holes are round, the specification is that the diameter is 0.3m, and the depth is 0.3m.
(2) And (3) watering: the water content in the planting holes is 40%.
(3) Seed treatment: the day before sowing, the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds are sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 0.3 percent, then washed, soaked by warm water for 1 night and the water temperature is 50 ℃.
(4) Sowing: sowing 1 night after watering, sowing 8 seeds in each hole, and covering 1.5cm of soil.
(5) Sowing: in the south of the planting hole, 5cm away from the bottom.
(6) And (3) film coating: immediately after sowing, covering the film with the width of 70cm and the length of 70cm on a seedling planting hole, firstly pressing the middle of the film with soil blocks to form a bowl shape, and then sealing and compacting the periphery of the film.
(7) Ventilation: and (3) successively breaking the soil and emergence of seedlings 7-15 days after sowing, and breaking a film in the middle of the hole film to form a small hole for ventilation when the height of the seedlings is 2-3 cm.
(8) Seedling placement: when the seedling grows to 5-10cm, the film is pressed into the hole completely, the seedling is discharged, and the film around the seedling is compacted by soil. And meanwhile, watering is carried out for 1 time, and each hole is watered for 1kg, so that soil at the root of the seedling and the soil covered by the film are preferably watered.
(9) Reseeding: and (4) reseeding the hole, wherein the reseeding method is the same as (4).
(10) Checking: after 45 days, the whole inspection is carried out, the damaged film is pressed, the film is watered once, the seedlings which are pressed down or not released are released, and the soil is pressed.
Example 2
(1) Preparing land: soil preparation is carried out according to the density of 80 plants/mu, the plant row spacing is 2m (plant spacing) multiplied by 3m (row spacing), planting holes are round, the specification is 30cm in diameter, and the hole depth is 30cm.
(2) And (3) watering: the water content in the planting holes is 50%.
(3) Seed treatment: the day before sowing, the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds are sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 0.4 percent, then washed, and soaked in clear water for 1 night.
(4) Sowing: sowing 1 night after watering, sowing 5 seeds in each hole, and covering 1cm of soil.
(5) Sowing: in the south of the planting hole, 3cm away from the bottom.
(6) And (3) film coating: immediately after sowing, covering the film with the width of 70cm and the length of 70cm on a seedling planting hole, firstly pressing the middle of the film with soil blocks to form a bowl shape, and then sealing and compacting the periphery of the film.
(7) Ventilation: and (3) successively breaking the soil and emergence of seedlings 7-15 days after sowing, and breaking a film in the middle of the hole film to form a small hole for ventilation when the height of the seedlings is 2-3 cm.
(8) Seedling placement: when the seedling grows to 5-10cm, the film is pressed into the hole completely, the seedling is discharged, and the film around the seedling is compacted by soil. And meanwhile, watering is carried out for 1 time, and each hole is watered with 0.5kg, so that the root soil of the seedling and the film are preferably covered with soil for watering.
(9) Reseeding: and (4) reseeding the hole, wherein the reseeding method is the same as (4).
(10) Checking: after 45 days, the whole inspection is carried out, the damaged film is pressed, the film is watered once, the seedlings which are pressed down or not released are released, and the soil is pressed.
Example 3
(1) Preparing land: soil preparation is carried out according to the density of 80 plants/mu, the plant row spacing is 2m (plant spacing) multiplied by 3m (row spacing), planting holes are square, and the specifications are 25cm long by 25cm wide by 40cm high.
(2) And (3) watering: the water content in the planting holes is 65 percent.
(3) Seed treatment: the day before sowing, the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds are sterilized by potassium permanganate solution with the mass fraction of 0.5 percent, then washed, and soaked in clear water for 1 night.
(4) Sowing: sowing 1 night after watering, sowing 5 seeds in each hole, and covering 1cm of soil.
(5) Sowing: in the south of the planting hole, 3cm away from the bottom.
(6) And (3) film coating: immediately after sowing, the film is covered, the film length is 140cm, the film width is 100cm, the film is covered on seedling planting holes, the middle of the film is pressed down by soil blocks to form a bowl shape, and then the periphery of the film is sealed and compacted.
(7) Ventilation: and (3) successively breaking the soil and emergence of seedlings 7-15 days after sowing, and breaking a film in the middle of the hole film to form a small hole for ventilation when the height of the seedlings is 2-3 cm.
(8) Seedling placement: when the seedling grows to 5-10cm, the film is pressed into the hole completely, the seedling is discharged, and the film around the seedling is compacted by soil. And meanwhile, watering is carried out for 1 time, and each hole is watered with 0.5kg, so that the root soil of the seedling and the film are preferably covered with soil for watering.
(9) Reseeding: and (4) reseeding the hole, wherein the reseeding method is the same as (4).
(10) Checking: after 45 days, the whole inspection is carried out, the damaged film is pressed, the film is watered once, the seedlings which are pressed down or not released are released, and the soil is pressed.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 was different from example 1 in that 60cm×60cm was used as the planting hole specification, and the remaining steps and conditions were the same as example 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is different from example 1 in that 10cm×10cm is used as the planting hole specification, and the rest of the steps and conditions are the same as those of example 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is different from example 1 in that planting is performed at the bottommost portion of the planting hole, and the remaining steps and conditions are the same as example 1.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 was different from example 1 in that the planting was performed at a distance of 10cm from the bottom of the planting hole, and the remaining steps and conditions were the same as those of example 1.
Observing the survival rate and high growth amount of the film coating treatment
TABLE 1 comparative table of film coating vs. survival and high growth
As shown in Table 1, when the film of 140cm X100 cm and the film of 70cm X70 cm were used, the survival rate and the high growth rate were not greatly different, the survival rate reached 92.8% and 96.4%, the high growth rate reached 16.9cm and 17.6cm, the survival rate of the film was increased by 10.8% and the high growth rate was increased by 162.8%, and the film was superior to the survival rate and the high growth rate of the transplanting container seedlings.
Observing the survival rate and high growth of planting holes of different specifications
Table 2 results of different specifications of plant holes
As shown in Table 2, the survival rate and the high growth amount of the planting holes with the specification of 30cm multiplied by 30cm are highest, 93.1 percent and 17.6cm respectively, the survival rate and the high growth amount of the planting holes with the specification of 60cm multiplied by 60cm respectively are 87.5 percent and 16.6cm, the survival rate and the high growth amount of the planting holes with the specification of 10cm multiplied by 20cm multiplied by 10cm respectively are 90.2 percent and 8.7cm, and the test results of the planting holes with different specifications are greatly different.
Observing the survival rate and high growth of seeds at different positions of planting hole
TABLE 3 comparison of seed planting positions
As shown in Table 2, planting is carried out at a position 3-5cm away from the bottom of the planting hole, the survival rate and the high growth amount are the highest, namely 92.7% and 17.6cm, probably because the microclimate of the planting hole is more proper, the moisture content is higher, and the planting hole is shaded and drought-resistant, thereby being beneficial to the survival rate; planting at the bottom of the planting hole, wherein the survival rate is 83.6%, the high growth amount is 19.6cm, and the survival rate and the high growth amount are lower than those planted at the position 3-5cm away from the bottom of the planting hole, and the survival rate is possibly influenced by factors such as water accumulation at the bottom; planting is carried out at a position 10cm away from the bottom of the planting hole, the survival rate is 78.3 percent, the high growth amount is 11.7cm, and the survival rate is affected possibly due to the reduction of humidity; it can be seen that the planting positions are different, and the survival rate and the high growth amount are greatly different.
It should be noted that, when the claims refer to numerical ranges, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any numerical value between the two endpoints are optional, and the present invention describes the preferred embodiments for preventing redundancy.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. The method for forestation of the ammopiptanthus mongolicus comprises land preparation, watering, seed treatment, sowing, ventilation, seedling placement, reseeding and inspection, and is characterized in that after sowing, a film is covered on a planting hole, the middle part of the film is sunken, the specification of the planting hole in sowing is 30cm long by 30cm wide by 30cm high, the film is an agricultural film, and the specification of the film is 0.7m wide by 0.7m long;
the seed treatment comprises sterilizing radix Ilicis Pubescentis seed, soaking in water for 10-15 hr at 50-60deg.C;
planting in the south 3-5cm away from the bottom of the planting hole;
the sowing is to sow 5-8 sand ilex seeds in each hole within 10-15h after watering, and the thickness of the covering soil is 1-1.5cm.
2. The method of forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water content in the planting holes is 40% -65% after watering.
3. The method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the land is prepared at a density of 80-110 plants/mu.
4. A method of forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus as claimed in claim 3, wherein the plant-to-line spacing is 2m x 3-4m.
5. The method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ammopiptanthus mongolicus seeds are sterilized by potassium permanganate with mass fraction of 0.3% -0.5%.
6. A method of forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method of inspection is as follows: checking the damage condition of the film, pressing the damaged film into soil, discharging the seedlings which are over or not discharged, and pressing the soil.
CN202210598657.7A 2022-05-30 2022-05-30 Method for forestation of ammopiptanthus mongolicus Active CN114946501B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103960040A (en) * 2014-05-31 2014-08-06 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Seedling cultivation method of ammopiptanthus nanus in desert
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CN113068560A (en) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-06 白银市国有林场和林业产业建设服务站 Container seedling raising method for ammopiptanthus mongolicus

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103960040A (en) * 2014-05-31 2014-08-06 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 Seedling cultivation method of ammopiptanthus nanus in desert
CN110839472A (en) * 2019-11-30 2020-02-28 内蒙古蒙草生态环境(集团)股份有限公司 Seedling raising and afforestation method for ammopiptanthus mongolicus in desert area
CN113068560A (en) * 2021-04-01 2021-07-06 白银市国有林场和林业产业建设服务站 Container seedling raising method for ammopiptanthus mongolicus

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