CN102612968B - Ammopiptanthus introducing and cultivating method - Google Patents
Ammopiptanthus introducing and cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102612968B CN102612968B CN2012100999863A CN201210099986A CN102612968B CN 102612968 B CN102612968 B CN 102612968B CN 2012100999863 A CN2012100999863 A CN 2012100999863A CN 201210099986 A CN201210099986 A CN 201210099986A CN 102612968 B CN102612968 B CN 102612968B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an Ammopiptanthus introducing and cultivating method, which comprises the following steps of: sterilizing Ammopiptanthus seeds for 5-10 minutes by using 0.3-0.5% KMNO4, washing the Ammopiptanthus seeds for three times by using sterile water, immersing the Ammopiptanthus seeds for 10-15 minutes by using boiling water, immersing the Ammopiptanthus seeds for 12 hours by using sterile water, and then putting out the Ammopiptanthus seeds; then, spraying distilled water on the immersed seeds at regular time, so that moisture required for seed imbibition is kept; and, fixedly planting the seeds on an aquiculture device after the seeds sprout to break through seed coats and radicle grows to 15-18 mm, transplanting seedlings in a farmland after 3-4 pairs of euphylla grow, and inevitably keeping soil moist after the seedlings are transplanted for one month. Compared with the existing Ammopiptanthus cultivating method, the introduction water cultivation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being saving in seedling space and resource, high in seedling survival rate, rapid in growth speed and convenient for transplanting; and seedling damage can be minimized.
Description
30060011), Tianjin Natural Science Fund In The Light (fund number: 09JCYBJC14500), the doctor of Tianjin Normal University fund (fund number: carry out under subsidy 52XB1003) the present invention is at state natural sciences fund (fund number:.
Technical field
The invention belongs to the plant protection technology field, relate to a kind of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introduction and cultivation method.
Background technology
Ammopiptanthus mongolicus (Ammopiptanthus mongolicus(Maxim.) Cheng F.) have another name called Mongolian Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, Mongolian greenleaf piptanthus seed, it is ancient tertiary relics, it is also the only precious evergreen shrubs of China temperate zone desert up to now, it is the peculiar mass-planting thing of building of Alashan Desert, distribution center is in Alxa east, south, Western Ordos Basin, and as center, extend into People's Republic of Mongolia's desert band south (Alxa Gobi desert) northwards, be distributed to southwards near Lanzhou, China Gansu Province northern (Zhongtiao Shan Mountain).Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, evergreen shrubs, high 1 to 2 meter.Happiness gritty soil earth, the seed water absorbing force is strong, germinates rapidly.The flowers are in blossom 4, May, and July, fruit was ripe.The deleted species that Desert Area is very precious, be listed in state three level protecting plant.Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is listed in first Precious, Rare, Endangered protective plant register by our country, becomes three grades, country and lays special stress on protecting plant.Ammopiptanthus mongolicus has following using value:
1 afforestation: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is sprouted early, and mid or late April enters the florescence, florescence 1 wheat harvesting period, and fruit formation period, is longer, and its flowering fruit bearing stage is all very beautiful.During flower, the upper several colored alternates of celadon branch clump are on the top of branch, and it is golden yellow that corolla is, just like flowering shrubs; When fruit, the branch top-hung in advance the then innumerable pod of flavescence gradually of pale green, its tree-like attractive in appearance, attitude is beautiful, the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus of golden flower silver leaf has not only increased infinite glamour in summer to the earth, to winter, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is strongly fragrant growing green and fresh still, noticeable.Moreover, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is inexpensive, utilizes Ammopiptanthus mongolicus to plant as the roadside in city, the shrub on house limit, and the cost that the coniferous tree green for a long time than the four seasons spends is few; Be convenient to branch-finishing and pruning simultaneously, use manpower and material resources sparingly.
2 germ plasm resources and protection: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is the remaining composition of desert fauna in the Tertiary Period, is the endemic species of Alxa Gobi desert desert, and its torrid zone origin theory that exists for Central Asia desert fauna has found strong evidence.Its procreation under harsh severe natural conditions for a long time, evolve, have the characteristic of heat resistanceheat resistant, cold-resistant, drought resisting, anti-blown sand, Salt And Alkali Tolerance, impoverishment tolerant, these genes are urgently protected and utilize.
3 is medicinal: the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus branches and leaves are used as medicine, and have timid rheumatism, relax the muscles and stimulate the blood circulation, the effect of pain relieving, can control frostbite, also can make insecticide.
4 oil resources: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is a kind of very valuable woody oil sources of NORTHWEST CHINA Desert Regions, and seed oil content is 13.4%, and its linoleic acid content is high, reaches 87.6%.
5 fix the sand: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is good sand-fixation plant, and its anti-sand buries, and germinating power is strong, weather-proof, and the acrial part branch is many, hinders husky ability strong, around it, can form a great sand drift.
6. the precious material that is Special Plant chemical composition (alkaloid and highly active vegetable antifreeze protein) research, extracts and transfer. therefore, realize that the strange land introducing and planting of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is all significant in situ conservation and the exploitation of this plant of frequently endangering.
At present, the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introduction and cultivation method is that test is done Nutrition Soil with the viscosity orchard soil, pack in nutritious bag, with wild Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed, in nutritious bag, grow seedlings again, then by artificial Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling together with the nutritious bag directly transplanting in suitable soil, avoided because of the many damages of the roots to the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling of transplanting process.Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is the plant that is distributed in Desert Area.With other people maximum of working, be not both, other people are about the example of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introducing and planting success Desert Area in Shi Meng new district, the neighborhood that the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus natural distribution is gone, and natural conditions are more approaching.To our maximum with them, are not the introducing and plantings that complete in the environment similar in Ammopiptanthus mongolicus area natural conditions.Other people method, the bad control of humidity; Take up room, take the resources such as nutritious bag, management cost is high, and survival rate is low.Beijing Forestry University has delivered one piece of paper in addition, the later stage not about blooming, the report of solid and seminal propagation.The inventor has successively studied " impact on the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus growth of seedling of weather and soil permeability ", " impact of water regime on the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling development ", " impact of Different Soil Structure on Seedling of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus ", " response of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling to salt stress under the water planting condition ", " impact of salt stress on Ammopiptanthus mongolicus growth of seedling and physiological property ", " mitigation to Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling under salt stress of growth hormone and sodium chloride ", contents such as " impact of salicylic acid on Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling activities of antioxidant enzymes under salt stress and PSII Photochemical effects ", and 7 pieces of Series of Papers have been delivered.But to the technology of introducing and planting success and blossoming and bearing fruit with introducing a fine variety and realizing that the result such as breeding does not add report.Some researchs about the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introducing and planting are arranged again, only limit to short-term cultivation and survive, do not realize endemic species blossom and bear fruit, and the purpose that can breed.
Summary of the invention
Method of the present invention, for the first time in the success of Tianjin introducing and planting, is also Desert Area regional introducing and planting success in addition for the first time.One Plants by the sign of introducing and planting success is: can blossom and bear fruit with introducing a fine variety, and can breed.
The method that the art of this patent adopts water planting to grow seedlings has been carried out artificial introducing and planting to the endangered plants Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, the more existing Ammopiptanthus mongolicus cultivation method of water culture condition is controlled well, save seedling culture space, saving resource, seedling percent is high, fast growth, it is convenient to transplant, and can be down to minimum to the damage to seedling.Most importantly: Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is the plant that is distributed in Desert Area.With other people maximum of working, be not both, other people are about the example of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introducing and planting success Desert Area in Shi Meng new district, the neighborhood that the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus natural distribution is gone, and natural conditions are more approaching.We are successfully that Meng new district Desert Area is regional in addition first at the Tianjin introducing and planting, belong to north China Region on Floristic Plant Geography, widely different with the natural conditions of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus area.
The invention discloses for achieving the above object following technical scheme:
A kind of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introduction and cultivation method is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) select Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed ripe, that size is even and full, with 0.3-0.5%KMNO
4sterilization 5-10min, use aseptic water washing 3 times, then after soaking 10-15 minute with boiling water, then pull out after 12 hours with the sterile water immersion.
(2) seed that will soak is placed in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, and moistening filter paper on upper cover covers the lid of culture dish, culture dish is positioned under 25-28 ℃ of condition, according to moisture situation in culture dish, within 2 hours, spray 1 distilled water, to keep the required moisture of seed imbibition; Moisture is controlled at and keeps moistening the getting final product of upper strata filter paper.
(3) treat that seed sprouting is prominent and break in the seed coat, radicle grows to 15-18mm, is colonizated on cultivation apparatus without soil, and cultivation apparatus without soil is made the field planting plate with polystyrene foam plate with holes or plank, every hole field planting one strain, and the general 3-5cm of pitch of holes gets final product; Seedling is cultivated with the Hoagland nutrient solution; During cultivation, root must reach in the Hoagland nutrient solution, with the oxygen increasing pump cultivation of ventilating.
(4) treat that seedling grows 4 pairs more than true leaf, the length of root can be transplanted to large Tanaka when 8-12cm, transplanting time: in the sowing time of Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, be mid-April～mid-May;
(5) transplant away seedling in one month, must keep ground moistening, it is moistening below 1 centimeter that moisture remains on the soil surface that at least detects by an unaided eye;
(6) in the soil of high salt, the urea (H that can to apply nitrogen content be 46%
2nCONH
2) 60g/m
2, and 14%P
2o
5superphosphate (CaSO
4ca (H
2pO
4)
2,30 g/m
2).Wherein said high salt soil refers to the soil of salinity at 0.5-0.9%.
The more detailed introduction and cultivation method of the present invention:
1 selects the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed ripe, that size is even and full, with 0.3%KMNO
4sterilization 5min, use aseptic water washing 3 times, then after soaking 10 minutes with boiling water, then pull out after 12 hours with the sterile water immersion.The seed soaked is placed in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, moistening filter paper on upper cover, cover the lid of culture dish, culture dish is positioned under 25 ℃ of left and right conditions, according to moisture situation in culture dish, regularly spray distilled water, to keep the required moisture of seed imbibition.
2 treat that seed sprouting is prominent breaks in the seed coat, and when radicle grows to the 15mm left and right, is colonizated on soilless culture training device, and cultivation apparatus without soil is made the field planting plate with polystyrene foam plate with holes or plank.Every hole field planting one strain, the strain spacing can determine according to the size before seedling replanting, if planning seedling transplants greatly a bit again, distance can far point; If plan to transplant earlier, spacing in the rows can be more closely, and general 3cm left and right gets final product.Seedling is cultivated with the ventilation of Hoagland nutrient solution.
3 treat that seedling grows 3-4 and both can be transplanted to large Tanaka to true leaf, and the true leaf number is more, and the survival rate of transplanting will be higher, but the root that will note every strain is long not long or overstocked in culture fluid, and damage root while transplanting prevents from being intertwined.
4. transplanting time.The best sowing time at the Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is mid-April～mid-May.
5. the maintenance of seedling.The seedling of one month of just transplanting away, must keep ground moistening.If it is more late to be transplanted to the time in land for growing field crops, after late May or June, sunlight acute irradiation at noon, will note when temperature is very high sheltering from heat or light to seedling.Avoid seedling to be dried up.
6. in the soil of high salt, can apply some exogenous chemical substances (IBA, CaCl
2, SA) salicylic acid etc., to the relieving effect of salt stress.Nitrogen phosphorus does that mutually growth of seedling is had to the promotion effect, and nitrogen phosphorus Reasonable executes that (nitrogenous fertilizer is the urea (H that nitrogen content is 46%
2nCONH
2) 60g/m
2, phosphate fertilizer is for containing P
2o
5superphosphate (the CaSO that amount is 14%
4ca (H
2pO
4)
2,30 g/m
2) can reach the excellent seedling purpose in strong sprout.
Introduction and cultivation method result of the present invention shows:
| Relatively | Seedling percent | The damage of seedling | Germinating time | Flowering time | Moulding | The form of blooming |
| Hydroponics | Be greater than 90% | 0 | 24 hours | Cultivate the 3rd year | Cultivate the 4th year | Bloom every year |
| Conventional cultivation | Less than 50% | During transplanting, damage is serious | 24 hours | Have no | Have no | Nature is next year bloomed |
Its good effect had of artificial breeding disclosed by the invention and introducing and planting Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is:
The first, be first in Tianjin introducing and planting success Ammopiptanthus mongolicus.With other people maximum of working, be not both, other people are about the example of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introducing and planting success Desert Area in Shi Meng new district, the neighborhood that the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus natural distribution is gone, and cultivation condition and natural conditions are more approaching.And we the Tianjin introducing and planting be successfully first beyond the Desert Area of Meng new district area the cultivation success, belong to north China Region on Floristic Plant Geography, widely different with the natural conditions of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus area.
The second, continuous 6 years growing ways of introducing and planting Ammopiptanthus mongolicus are good, cultivate and start to yield positive results in the 3rd year, can produce ripe seed.Within the 4th year, plant height reaches the highest plant height under nature.
The 3rd, the self-sow ground of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is arid, hot, barren desert, and that still in Tianjin, can grow is fine, illustrates that it has adaptability and resistance widely.
The 4th, studies have shown that, leave the Ammopiptanthus mongolicus on self-sow ground and still can live in relatively consolidation of soil, in the soil environment that salinity is higher, humidity is larger.Stronger salt resistance is arranged, and the NaCl solution concentration of normal seed germination is less than 1.2%, and the plant salt resistance in seedling stage improves, and under 0.9% salinity, grows unaffected.For the introducing and planting of Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area Ammopiptanthus mongolicus provides important theoretical foundation.
The 5th, Ammopiptanthus mongolicus can be grown in the nature of Tianjin, has enlarged the scope of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introducing and planting, and also horn of plenty Tianjin Urban Greening green tree species has increased new seeds.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described, the scheme of embodiment described here, do not limit the present invention, one of skill in the art can make improvements and change according to spirit of the present invention, described these improvement and variation all should be considered as within the scope of the invention, and scope of the present invention and essence are limited by claim.Hoagland nutrient solution of the present invention has commercially available, and other reagent used also have commercially available.
Embodiment 1
(1) select Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed ripe, that size is even and full, with 0.3%KMNO
4sterilization 5min, use aseptic water washing 3 times, then after soaking 10 minutes with boiling water, then pull out after 12 hours with the sterile water immersion.
(2) seed that will soak is placed in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, and moistening filter paper on upper cover covers the lid of culture dish, culture dish is positioned under 25 ℃ of conditions, according to moisture situation in culture dish, regularly spray distilled water, to keep the required moisture of seed imbibition; It is moistening that moisture wherein is controlled at upper strata covering filter paper.
(3) treating that seed sprouting is prominent breaks in the seed coat, radicle grows to 15mm, be colonizated on soilless culture training device, make field planting plate at culturing device with polystyrene foam plate with holes or plank without soil, every hole field planting one strain, the strain spacing can determine according to the size before seedling replanting, if planning seedling transplants greatly a bit again, distance can far point; If plan to transplant earlier, spacing in the rows can be more closely, and general 3cm gets final product; Seedling is cultivated with the ventilation of Hoagland nutrient solution.
(4) treat that seedling grows 3-4 and both can be transplanted to large Tanaka to true leaf, transplanting time: be mid-April in the sowing time of Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area Ammopiptanthus mongolicus;
(5) seedling of month of transplanting away, must keep ground moistening, and moisture is controlled at and must guarantees the ground moistening under the 1cm of earth's surface.
The result of plantation: plant strain growth is healthy and strong, and after 3 years, all yield positive results (under nature, majority is next year to bloom) every year, spends large and bright-coloured; Each and every one is full for the kind grain, and germination rate is high.Seedling percent reaches more than 80%.
Embodiment 2
(1) select Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed ripe, that size is even and full, with 0.5%KMNO
4sterilization 10min, use aseptic water washing 3 times, then after soaking 15 minutes with boiling water, then pull out after 12 hours with the sterile water immersion.
(2) seed that will soak is placed in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, and moistening filter paper on upper cover covers the lid of culture dish, culture dish is positioned under 28 ℃ of conditions, according to moisture situation in culture dish, regularly spray distilled water, to keep the required moisture of seed imbibition; It is moistening that moisture wherein is controlled at upper strata covering filter paper.
(3) treat that seed sprouting is prominent and break in the seed coat, radicle grows to 18mm, is colonizated on the water planting cultivation apparatus without soil, and the soilless culture hydroponic device is made the field planting plate with polystyrene foam plate with holes or plank, every hole field planting one strain, and the general 3-5cm of pitch of holes gets final product; Seedling is cultivated with the Hoagland nutrient solution; During cultivation, root must reach in the Hoagland nutrient solution, with the oxygen increasing pump cultivation of ventilating; .
(4) treat that seedling grows 3-4 to more than true leaf, the length of root can be transplanted to large Tanaka when 12cm, transplanting time: in the sowing time of Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area Ammopiptanthus mongolicus, be mid-April～mid-May;
(5) seedling of month of transplanting away, in one month, must keep ground moistening, and it is moistening below 1 centimeter that moisture remains on the soil surface that at least detects by an unaided eye;
The result of plantation: plant strain growth is healthy and strong, and after 3 years, all yield positive results (under nature, majority is next year to bloom) every year, spends large and bright-coloured; Each and every one is full for the kind grain, and germination rate is high.
Embodiment 3
(1) select Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed ripe, that size is even and full, with 0.5%KMNO
4sterilization 10min, use aseptic water washing 3 times, then after soaking 10 minutes with boiling water, then pull out after 12 hours with the sterile water immersion.
(2) seed that will soak is placed in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, and moistening filter paper on upper cover covers the lid of culture dish, culture dish is positioned under 28 ℃ of conditions, according to moisture situation in culture dish, regularly spray distilled water, to keep the required moisture of seed imbibition; It is moistening that moisture wherein is controlled at upper strata covering filter paper.
(3) treating that seed sprouting is prominent breaks in the seed coat, radicle grows to 18mm, be colonizated on hydroponic device, soilless culture training device is made the field planting plate with polystyrene foam plate with holes or plank, every hole field planting one strain, the strain spacing can determine according to the size before seedling replanting, if planning seedling transplants greatly a bit again, distance can far point; If plan to transplant earlier, spacing in the rows can be more closely, and general 3-5cm gets final product; Seedling is cultivated with the ventilation of Hoagland nutrient solution.
(4) treat that seedling grows 4 pairs of true leaves and both can be transplanted to large Tanaka, transplanting time: be mid-May in the sowing time of Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area Ammopiptanthus mongolicus;
(5) seedling of month of transplanting away, must keep ground moistening, and it is moistening that moisture wherein is controlled at upper strata covering filter paper.
(6) in the soil of high salt (saliferous 0.9%), by applying the urea (H that nitrogen content is 46%
2nCONH
2) 60g/m
2, 14%P
2o
5superphosphate (CaSO
4ca (H
2pO
4)
2,30 g/m
2).
The result of plantation: plant strain growth is healthy and strong, and after 3 years, all yield positive results (under nature, majority is next year to bloom) every year, spends large and bright-coloured; Each and every one is full for the kind grain, and germination rate is high
.
Claims (3)
1. an Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introduction and cultivation method is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) select Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed ripe, that size is even and full, with 0.3-0.5%KMnO
4sterilization 5-10min, use aseptic water washing 3 times, then after soaking 10-15 minute with boiling water, then pull out after 12 hours with the sterile water immersion;
(2) seed that will soak is placed in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, and moistening filter paper on upper cover covers the lid of culture dish, culture dish is positioned under 25-28 ℃ of condition, according to moisture situation in culture dish, within 2 hours, spray 1 distilled water, to keep the required moisture of seed imbibition; Moisture is controlled at and keeps moistening the getting final product of upper strata filter paper;
(3) treat that seed sprouting is prominent and break in the seed coat, radicle grows to 15-18mm, is colonizated on cultivation apparatus without soil, and cultivation apparatus without soil is made the field planting plate with polystyrene foam plate with holes or plank, every hole field planting one strain, and pitch of holes is 3-5cm; Seedling is cultivated with the Hoagland nutrient solution; During cultivation, root must reach in the Hoagland nutrient solution, with the oxygen increasing pump cultivation of ventilating;
(4) treat that seedling grows 4 pairs more than true leaf, the length of root is transplanted to large Tanaka when 8-12cm, transplanting time: the transplanting time at the Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is mid-April～mid-May;
(5) transplant away seedling in one month, must keep ground moistening, it is moistening below 1 centimeter that moisture remains on the soil surface that at least detects by an unaided eye;
(6) in the soil of high salt, the urea (H that to apply nitrogen content be 46%
2nCONH
2) 60g/m
2with containing 14%P
2o
5superphosphate (CaSO
4ca (H
2pO
4)
2)
,30g/m
2.
2. Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introduction and cultivation method claimed in claim 1, wherein said high salt soil refers to the soil of salinity at 0.5-0.9%.
3. Ammopiptanthus mongolicus introduction and cultivation method claimed in claim 1, after wherein transplanting time refers to 15 of Efficiency in Buildings in Tianjin Area mid-April～mid-May or cloudy.
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| CN114568195B (en) * | 2022-03-14 | 2023-03-14 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seedling transplanting method |
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2012
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Cited By (2)
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| CN108077076A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-05-29 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | A kind of quick-breeding method of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus |
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