CN103141279B - Method for improving drought resistance of paddy rice, alfalfa and Bermuda grass through low-salt induction treatment - Google Patents
Method for improving drought resistance of paddy rice, alfalfa and Bermuda grass through low-salt induction treatment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving drought resistance of paddy rice, alfalfa and Bermuda grass through low-salt induction treatment. The method comprises the following steps: A, planting: fertilizing, deeply ploughing and leveling a seedling land, fertilizing base fertilizers, preparing the land before sowing, sterilizing soil with ferrous sulfate, and leveling a bed surface; growing seedlings of paddy rice: firstly culturing seedlings in a certain farmland; cleaning alfalfa seeds, carrying out coating treatment on the seeds before sowing, ventilating, transmitting light and carrying out field management; carrying out lawn planting on Bermuda grass with two methods of seed sowing and rhizome propagation, and sowing seeds in late spring and early summer; B, seedling management: watering in seedling early period; and C, low-salt induction treatment: continuously pouring sodium chloride solution with low concentration for a given period on paddy rice, alfalfa and Bermuda grass seedlings in growth stage. The method is easy to implement, simple and convenient to operate and quick to take effect, the drought resistance of plants is improved during a short period, the crop yield during seasonal drought or at arid areas is improved, and the ecological benefits and economic benefits of lawn vegetation conservation and water and soil conservation are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to farming and animal husbandry Resistance Physiology field, more specifically relate to a kind of method of processing raising paddy rice and clover and Bermuda grass drought resistance of inducing by less salt.Paddy rice when the method is applicable to China each arid area and other areas because of the uneven often Growth season of rainfall spatial and temporal distributions arid, the plantation of clover and Bermuda grass, water and soil conservation and ecological protection.
Background technology
Paddy rice is one of important crops of depending on for existence of the mankind, generally in areas such as the torrid zone, subtropics and temperate zones
coastal plain, tidal delta and river basin the cultivation of waterflooding ground, in the season of growth, to soak in water, so be one of drought susceptible especially crops always.Clover is famous with " King of Pasture ", and not only output is high, and herbaceous stem is good, and various livestock and poultry are all liked food.All hemorrhage diseases, as nosebleed, gum blood, haematemesis, spit blood, have blood in stool, uterine hemorrhage, archorrhagia.The every vitamin K that uses of new drug, thinks to have the therapy of coagulate blood vessels function.Vitamin K is in food in fact, and content is the abundantest, is exactly " clover ".By clover, be used as preventing hemorrhage disease, the result of experiment is thought and is produced effects very highly, to various little hemorrhage, with lung stomach and duodenal hemorrhage, can obtain preventive effect.Clover is the vegetables of refrigerant property, after feed, and fire in really eliminating, especially in dry strong season, in order to help meals, effect is remarkable, is more better than green water cress.Clover, after stirring fry in oil, is taken advantage of heat feed, and taste is extremely fresh clean.After cooling, its taste of taking food is also good, and its juice has the sense of the heart spleen that oozes clearly, in dry strong season, if feel lip and tongue dryness, in order to help meals, is the top grade dish of maintaining healthy.The cultivated area of China clover approximately 1,330,000 hm
2, along with the development of commodity economy, alfalfa industry scale development is very fast, and the cultivated area of clover expands.Bermuda grass has another name called Bermuda grass, mixes root grass, belong to grass family india lovegrass subfamily Cynodon herbaceos perennial, rhizome and the stolon of the prosperity of Bermuda grass tool, there is the advantages such as fertility is strong, turf speed is fast, resistance to trample, being widely used in sports turf, green, side slope protection, courtyard greening etc., is level ground one of high, the most most widely used grass seeds of value in warm season turf.
Under global climate (temperature raises and precipitation general layout) change condition, the effect alone or in combination of various environment-stress will cause the significantly underproduction of crop, and cause natural ecosystems and degenerate.The impact of arid on world crop output accounts for first place in many natural adverse circumstances, and its harm is equivalent to other disaster summation, become a major issue of restriction agricultural development.In China, approximately there is 1/3 soil in arid biogeographic zone, especially northern arid and semi-arid area, and south also can be because of the uneven often Growth season of rainfall spatial and temporal distributions arid.Plant generally grows in soil, can not move freely, so a series of reaction mechanism of having evolved in long-term natural selection adapts to or resists the injury of coercing.The drought-resistant mechanism of research plant, thus provide the various measures of raising drought tolerance in plants significant.At present, also there is no to improve fast the method for plant drought resistance, because utilizing a bit a kind of abiotic stress to process the induction of resistance producing, improve the resistance of various plants kind (the especially important agriculture and animal husbandry crop of part) to other abiotic stress, for improving the output of crop under arid situation, the improvement that maintains water and soil conservation ability and region environment is all significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of less salt induction to process the method that improves paddy rice and clover and Bermuda grass drought resistance.Easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, take effect quick, can improve in a short time the drought resistance of plant, thereby improve when seasonal drought and the crop yield of arid biogeographic zone, forage yield, reaches that lawn vegetation keeps, ecological benefits and the economic benefit of water and soil conservation.
In order to realize above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A method that improves paddy rice and clover and Bermuda grass drought resistance is processed in less salt induction, the steps include:
1, planting:
Generally first by nursery fertilising, plough deeply (5-10 centimetre), smooth good, ordinary circumstance uses sufficient base fertilizer next time, every 667m
2execute the fertilizer (comprising cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc.) that 2000-3000Kg becomes thoroughly decomposed, add in right amount (every mu of 40-60 kilogram) composite fertilizer (high-concentration sulfuric acid potassium, containing nitrate nitrogen, total nutrient is not less than 45%), every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 65-75 kilogram.Before sowing, careful whole ground, use 3%(mass volume ratio) ferrous sulfate carry out soil disinfection, every square metre with ferrous sulfate liquid 0.4-0.6 kilogram, carries out seedbed (being generally level bed), flattens bed surface.
Described plant is paddy rice, clover, Bermuda grass.
Seedling cultivation of rice is first cultivated rice shoot certain piece Tanaka, and this field tends to be called as rice seedling bed, first spreads lower seed rice, at rice shoot, grows tall approximately eight centimeters time, just can carry out rice transplanting.By rice transplantation by hand, machine rice transplantation or alms bowl, grow seedlings the mode of rice transplanting by the careful Zhong， interval, reeve rice field of rice shoot (interval is about 5-10cm) in order all around.
For alfalfa seed, must clean, make cleanliness more than 90%, germination rate more than 85%, purity more than 98%.Broadcast front seed and preferably carry out obducens processing.By seed 500kg+ coating material, (be specially nitragin: insecticide: bactericide in mass ratio 1:1:1 mixes) formula of 150kg+ adhesive (chemical name is hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium) 1.5kg+ water 75kg+ ammonium molybdate 1.5kg carries out, make seed in seedling stage, not be subject to the harm of damage by disease and insect, weeds etc., could healthy and strong growth.The north is yielded two crops a year regional, generally adopts autumn sowing.Drilling be take as main in most areas, and line-spacing 30cm is beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light and field management.Seeding quantity is generally lkg/ mu left and right, and seed collecting field is less, and saline land can be suitably some more, and it is thin and delicate that the amount of broadcasting is crossed seedlings.Sowing depth is the impact fine or not key of emerging, and is generally to sow deeply, and optimum depth is 0.5-1cm.
Bermuda grass can adopt sowing and
propagation of Rhizomestwo kinds of methods are carried out turf establishment.Sowing is generally carried out in late spring (by the end of April) and early summer (at the beginning of 5 months), temperature higher (25-30 degree) at this moment, and seed easily germinates, and its seeding quantity is 5～8g/m
2.During sowing, should select high purity, impurity few,
germination ratehigh seed.After planting suppression of soil immediately, makes seed fully contact with soil, and thickness of earth covering is 2-4mm.For keeping ground moistening, can cover one deck stalk or nonwoven, reduce moisture evaporation, be beneficial to full stand and healthy seedling.The Bermuda grass minute rhizome methods that adopt are bred more, generally in spring and summer, carry out, best with spring Mo (by the end of April) early summer (at the beginning of 5 months).First lawn is scooped up in flakes, rinse out root earth, by the cut into slices segment of 3-5cm of stolon, the grass blade cutting is evenly spread on whole good level ground bed, then cover the compacting of skim fine earth, water permeablely, keep ground moistening.About 20 days, can grow stolon, fast rapid-result level ground.
2, seedling management:
Grow seedlings the initial stage, suitably water, every 667m
2the 1500-2000L that waters, keeps not dry being advisable of ground, emerges guaranteeing.Generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
21500-2000L waters; 20-40 days, every 667m
21000-1500L waters; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
3, less salt induction is processed:
For the paddy rice in vegetative stage arbitrary period and clover and Bermuda grass seedling (preferably choosing the seedling of three weeks sizes, high about 5-10cm), (5-10 days) waters sodium chloride solution (50mM – 100mM) (every 667m of low concentration continuously at short notice
21000L waters), once a day.In other times, according to normal condition, water, generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
21500-2000L waters; 20-40 days, every 667m
21000-1500L waters; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
Described less salt is sodium chloride solution.
Described sodium chloride (NaCl) is colourless cube of crystallization or white crystals.Water-soluble, glycerine, be slightly soluble in ethanol, liquefied ammonia.Be insoluble to concentrated hydrochloric acid.Micro-in air have a hygroscopy.For the manufacture of soda ash and caustic soda and other chemical products, ore smelting.Food industry and fishery, for salted, also can be used as raw material and the table salt of flavoring.In this experiment, sodium chloride solution refers to the solution of the water-soluble rear generation of sodium chloride.
Sodium chloride solution (50mM – 100mM) by (5-10 days) low concentration of above short time is processed, find that treated water rice and clover and Bermuda grass material ratio do not have treated water rice and clover and Bermuda grass material growing state under drought condition good, more drought-enduring, survival rate is higher.As shown in accompanying drawing 1A, Figure 1B, Fig. 1 C, Fig. 1 D, Fig. 1 E, Fig. 1 F, when the sodium chloride solution without low concentration (50mM – 100mM) induction is processed, under drought condition, the survival rate of rice material is for being only 20% left and right, the survival rate of clover material is for being only 30% left and right, and the survival rate of Bermuda grass material is only 10% left and right; And while processing with sodium chloride solution (the 50mM – 100mM) induction of low concentration, under drought condition, the survival rate of rice material is 50% left and right, the survival rate of clover material is for being 60% left and right, and the survival rate of Bermuda grass material is 40% left and right.That is to say after sodium chloride solution (50mM – 100mM) the induction processing of short time (5-10 days) low concentration, under drought condition, can make the survival rate of rice material bring up to 2.5 times of left and right, can make the survival rate of clover material bring up to 2 times of left and right, can make the survival rate of Bermuda grass material bring up to 4 times of left and right.
The present invention compared with prior art, have the following advantages and effect: the inventive method is easily gone, easy and simple to handle, take effect quick, can improve the drought resistance of plant in a short time, thereby improve when seasonal drought and the crop yield of arid biogeographic zone, forage yield, reaches that lawn vegetation keeps, ecological benefits and the economic benefit of water and soil conservation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A is that a kind of sodium chloride solution (50mM and 100mM) of low concentration is processed 7 days schematic diagrames that affect on rice material drought resistance.
(A) the normal growth rice material of 21 days is divided into three parts, and first part is normally watered 7 days, and every two parts are watered 50mM sodium chloride solution 7 days, and the 3rd part is watered 100mM sodium chloride solution 7 days.Then every part of above three parts of material are divided into two parts again, normally water again 14 days respectively; Do not water continuously 14 days again, then water 7 days; In the time of 21 days, observe the growing state of these materials and take pictures.
Figure 1B be a kind of sodium chloride solution (50mM and 100mM) of low concentration process 7 days on rice material after arid is processed survival rate affect schematic diagram.
(B) according to the survival rate of the illustrated every part of material of the 21st day statistics processed of A.
Fig. 1 C is that a kind of sodium chloride solution (50mM and 100mM) of low concentration is processed 7 days schematic diagrames that affect on clover material drought resistance.
(C) the normal growth clover material of 21 days is divided into three parts, and first part is normally watered 7 days, and every two parts are watered 50mM sodium chloride solution 7 days, and the 3rd part is watered 100mM sodium chloride solution 7 days.Then every part of above three parts of material are divided into two parts again, normally water again 21 days respectively; Do not water continuously 21 days again, then water 3 days; In the time of 24 days, observe the growing state of these materials and take pictures.
Fig. 1 D be a kind of sodium chloride solution (50mM and 100mM) of low concentration process 7 days on clover material after arid is processed survival rate affect schematic diagram.
(D) according to the survival rate of the illustrated every part of material of the 24th day statistics processed of C.
Fig. 1 E is that a kind of sodium chloride solution (50mM and 100mM) of low concentration is processed 7 days schematic diagrames that affect on Bermuda grass material drought resistance.
(E) the normal growth Bermuda grass material of 21 days is divided into three parts, and first part is normally watered 7 days, and second part is watered 50mM sodium chloride solution 7 days, and the 3rd part is watered 100mM sodium chloride solution 7 days.Then every part of above three parts of material are divided into two parts again, normally water again 28 days respectively; Do not water continuously 21 days again, then water 7 days; In the time of 28 days, observe the growing state of these materials and take pictures.
Fig. 1 F be a kind of sodium chloride solution (50mM and 100mM) of low concentration process 7 days on Bermuda grass material after arid is processed survival rate affect schematic diagram.
(F) according to the survival rate of the illustrated every part of material of the 28th day statistics processed of E.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A method that improves paddy drought resistance is processed in less salt induction, and its step is as follows:
1, planting:
Generally first by nursery fertilising, plough deeply (5-10 centimetre), smooth good, ordinary circumstance uses sufficient base fertilizer next time, every 667m
2execute 2000 or 2400 or 2600 or 2800 or the fertilizer (comprising cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc.) that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 3000Kg, add in right amount (40 or 50 or 60 kilograms every mu) composite fertilizer's (high-concentration sulfuric acid potassium, containing nitrate nitrogen, total nutrient is not less than 45%), every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 65 or 70 or 75 kilograms.Before sowing, careful whole ground, use 3%(mass volume ratio) ferrous sulfate carry out soil disinfection, every square metre with ferrous sulfate liquid 0.4 or 0.5 or 0.6 kilogram, carries out seedbed (being generally level bed), flattens bed surface.Seedling cultivation of rice is first cultivated rice shoot certain piece Tanaka, and this field tends to be called as rice seedling bed, first spreads lower seed rice, at rice shoot, grows tall approximately eight centimeters time, just can carry out rice transplanting.By rice transplantation by hand, machine rice transplantation or alms bowl, grow seedlings the mode of rice transplanting by the careful Zhong， interval, reeve rice field of rice shoot (interval is about 5-10cm) in order all around.
2, seedling management:
Grow seedlings the initial stage, suitably water, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1600 or 1700 or 1800 or 1900 or 2000L, keep not dry being advisable of ground, emerge guaranteeing.Generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1600 or 1700 or 1800 or 1900 or 2000L; 20 or 25 or 28 or 33 or 37 or 40 days, every 667m
2water 1000 or 1600 or 1700 or 1800 or 1900 or 1500L; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
3, less salt induction is processed:
Choose the rice seedling (high about 5-10cm) of three weeks sizes, at continuous sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) (the every 667m that waters low concentration for 7 days
21000L waters), once a day.In other times, according to normal condition, water, generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1650 or 1750 or 1840 or 2000L; 20 or 25 or 29 or 34 or 37 or 40 days, every 667m
2water 1000 or 1650 or 1750 or 1840 or 1500L; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
Sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) by (7 days) low concentration of above short time is processed, and finds that treated water rice material ratio does not have treated water rice material growing state under arid climate good, more drought-enduring, and survival rate is higher.As shown in accompanying drawing 1A, Figure 1B, when the sodium chloride solution without low concentration (50mM or 100mM) induction is processed, under drought condition, the survival rate of rice material is for being only 20% left and right, and while processing with sodium chloride solution (50mM or the 100mM) induction of low concentration, under drought condition, the survival rate of rice material is 50% left and right.That is to say after sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) the induction processing of short time (7 days) low concentration, under drought condition, can make the survival rate of rice material bring up to 2.5 times of left and right.
Embodiment 2:
A method that improves alfalfa drought-resistance is processed in less salt induction, and its step is as follows:
1, planting:
Generally first by nursery fertilising, plough deeply (5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 centimetres), smooth good, ordinary circumstance uses sufficient base fertilizer next time, every 667m
2execute 2000 or 2400 or 2700 or the fertilizer (comprising cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc.) that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 3000Kg, add in right amount (40 or 50 or 60 kilograms every mu) composite fertilizer's (high-concentration sulfuric acid potassium, containing nitrate nitrogen, total nutrient is not less than 45%), every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 65 or 70 or 75 kilograms.Before sowing, careful whole ground, use 3%(mass volume ratio) ferrous sulfate carry out soil disinfection, every square metre with ferrous sulfate liquid 0.4 or 0.5 or 0.6 kilogram, carries out seedbed (being generally level bed), flattens bed surface.For alfalfa seed, must clean, make cleanliness more than 90%, germination rate more than 85%, purity more than 98%.Broadcast front seed and preferably carry out obducens processing.By seed 500kg+ coating material, (be specially nitragin: insecticide: bactericide in mass ratio 1:1:1 mixes) formula of 150kg+ adhesive (chemical name is hydroxymethyl cellulose sodium) 1.5kg+ water 75kg+ ammonium molybdate 1.5kg carries out, make seed in seedling stage, not be subject to the harm of damage by disease and insect, weeds etc., could healthy and strong growth.The north is yielded two crops a year regional, generally adopts autumn sowing.Drilling be take as main in most areas, and line-spacing 30cm is beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light and field management.Seeding quantity is generally lkg/ mu left and right, and seed collecting field is less, and saline land can be suitably some more, and it is thin and delicate that the amount of broadcasting is crossed seedlings.Sowing depth is the impact fine or not key of emerging, and is generally to sow deeply, and optimum depth is 0.5-1cm.
2, seedling management:
Grow seedlings the initial stage, suitably water, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1650 or 1760 or 1880 or 2000L, keep not dry being advisable of ground, emerge guaranteeing.Generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1650 or 1760 or 1880 or 2000L; 20-40 days, every 667m
2water 1000 or 1650 or 1760 or 1880 or 1500L; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
3, less salt induction is processed:
Choose the seedling of alfalfa (high about 5-10cm) of three weeks sizes, at continuous sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) (the every 667m that waters low concentration for 7 days
21000L waters), once a day.In other times, according to normal condition, water, generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1600 or 1700 or 1800 or 1900 or 2000L; 20 or 24 or 28 or 34 or 37 or 40 days, every 667m
2water 1000 or 1600 or 1700 or 1800 or 1900 or 1500L; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
Sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) by (7 days) low concentration of above short time is processed, and finds that the clover material of processing is better, more drought-enduring than the clover material of not processing growing state under arid climate, and survival rate is higher.As shown in accompanying drawing 1C, Fig. 1 D, when the sodium chloride solution without low concentration (50mM or 100mM) induction is processed, under drought condition, the survival rate of clover material is for being only 30% left and right, and while processing with sodium chloride solution (50mM or the 100mM) induction of low concentration, under drought condition, the survival rate of clover material is 60% left and right.That is to say after sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) the induction processing of short time (7 days) low concentration, under drought condition, can make the survival rate of clover material bring up to 2 times of left and right.
Embodiment 3:
A method that improves Bermuda grass drought resistance is processed in less salt induction, and its step is as follows:
1, planting:
Generally first by nursery fertilising, plough deeply (5 or 6 or 7 or 8 or 9 or 10 centimetres), smooth good, ordinary circumstance uses sufficient base fertilizer next time, every 667m
2execute 2000 or 2200 or 2600 or 2800 or the fertilizer (comprising cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement etc.) that becomes thoroughly decomposed of 3000Kg, add in right amount (40 or 50 or 60 kilograms every mu) composite fertilizer's (high-concentration sulfuric acid potassium, containing nitrate nitrogen, total nutrient is not less than 45%), every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 65 or 70 or 75 kilograms.Before sowing, careful whole ground, uses 3%(mass volume ratio) ferrous sulfate carry out soil disinfection, every square metre with ferrous sulfate liquid 0.4 or 0.5 or 0.6 kilogram.Carry out seedbed (being generally level bed), leveling bed surface.Bermuda grass can adopt sowing and
propagation of Rhizomestwo kinds of methods are carried out turf establishment.Sowing is generally carried out in late spring (by the end of April) and early summer (at the beginning of 5 months), temperature higher (25-30 degree) at this moment, and seed easily germinates, and its seeding quantity is 5～8g/m
2.During sowing, should select high purity, impurity few,
germination ratehigh seed.After planting suppression of soil immediately, makes seed fully contact with soil, and thickness of earth covering is 2 or 3 or 4mm.For keeping ground moistening, can cover one deck stalk or nonwoven, reduce moisture evaporation, be beneficial to full stand and healthy seedling.The Bermuda grass minute rhizome methods that adopt are bred more, generally in spring and summer, carry out, best with spring Mo (by the end of April) early summer (at the beginning of 5 months).First lawn is scooped up in flakes, rinse out root earth, by stolon section 3 or 4 or the segment of 5cm, the grass blade cutting is evenly spread on whole good level ground bed, then covers the compacting of skim fine earth, water permeable, keep ground moistening, about 20 days, can grow stolon, fast rapid-result level ground.
2, seedling management:
Grow seedlings the initial stage, suitably water, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1640 or 1710 or 1850 or 2000L, keep not dry being advisable of ground, emerge guaranteeing.Generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1640 or 1710 or 1850 or 2000L; 20 or 25 or 29 or 34 or 38 or 40 days, every 667m
2water 1000 or 1640 or 1710 or 1850 or 1500L; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
3, less salt induction is processed:
Choose the Bermuda grass seedling (high about 5-10cm) of three weeks sizes, at continuous sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) (the every 667m that waters low concentration for 7 days
21000L waters), once a day.In other times, according to normal condition, water, generally grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
2water 1500 or 1660 or 1720 or 1870 or 2000L; 20-40 days, every 667m
2water 1000 or 1260 or 1320 or 1410 or 1500L; After 40 days, according to natural situation rainwater, irrigate.
Sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) by (7 days) low concentration of above short time is processed, and finds that the Bermuda grass material of processing is better, more drought-enduring than the Bermuda grass material of not processing growing state under arid climate, and survival rate is higher.As shown in accompanying drawing 1E, Fig. 1 F, when the sodium chloride solution without low concentration (50mM or 100mM) induction is processed, under drought condition, the survival rate of Bermuda grass material is only 10% left and right, and while processing with sodium chloride solution (50mM or the 100mM) induction of low concentration, under drought condition, the survival rate of Bermuda grass material is 40% left and right.That is to say after sodium chloride solution (50mM or 100mM) the induction processing of short time (7 days) low concentration, under drought condition, can make the survival rate of Bermuda grass material bring up to 4 times of left and right.
Claims (1)
1. a method that improves paddy rice and clover and Bermuda grass drought resistance is processed in less salt induction, the steps include:
A, planting: first nursery is applied fertilizer, ploughed deeply: 5-10 centimetre, smooth, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, every 667m
2execute the fertilizer that 2000-3000Kg becomes thoroughly decomposed: comprise cow dung, sheep excrement, rabbit excrement, add: every mu of 40-60 kilogram of composite fertilizer, high-concentration sulfuric acid potassium, containing nitrate nitrogen, total nutrient is not less than 45%, and every mu applies carbonic hydroammonium 65-75 kilogram, broadcast preplanting treatment, with the ferrous sulfate of 3% mass volume ratio, carry out soil disinfection, every square metre with ferrous sulfate liquid 0.4-0.6 kilogram, leveling bed surface;
Described plant is paddy rice, clover, Bermuda grass;
Seedling cultivation of rice is first cultivated rice shoot certain piece Tanaka, first spreads lower seed rice, at rice shoot, grows tall eight centimeters, carries out rice transplanting, rice shoot is injected to Zhong， interval, rice field orderly: be spaced apart 5-10cm all around;
For alfalfa seed, to clean, make cleanliness 90%, germination rate 85%, purity 98%, broadcast front seed and carry out obducens processing, by the formula of seed 500kg+ coating material 150kg+ adhesive 1.5kg+ water 75kg+ ammonium molybdate 1.5kg, undertaken, with drilling, line-spacing 30cm, is beneficial to ventilation and penetrating light and field management;
Described coating material is nitragin: insecticide: bactericide in mass ratio 1:1:1 mixes;
Described adhesive is sodium cellulose glycolate;
Bermuda grass adopts sowing and two kinds of methods of Propagation of Rhizomes to carry out turf establishment, sowing was carried out in late spring and early summer, temperature is 25-30 degree, seed easily germinates, its seeding quantity is 5～8g/ ㎡, after planting answer suppression of soil, seed is contacted with soil, thickness of earth covering is 2-4mm, for keeping ground moistening, cover one deck stalk or nonwoven, Bermuda grass adopts a minute rhizome method breeding, in spring and summer, carry out, first lawn is scooped up in flakes, rinse out root earth, by the cut into slices segment of 3-5cm of stolon, the grass blade cutting is evenly spread on whole good level ground bed, then cover the compacting of skim fine earth, water permeable, keep ground moistening, within 20 days, grow stolon, fast rapid-result level ground,
B, seedling management:
Grow seedlings first 20 days, every 667m
2the 1500-2000L that waters, 20-40 days, every 667m
2the 1000-1500L that waters, after 40 days, irrigates according to natural situation rainwater;
C, less salt induction are processed:
For in vegetative stage paddy rice and clover and the Bermuda grass seedling in arbitrary period, at 5-10 days, water continuously the sodium chloride solution 50mM – 100mM of low concentration, every 667m
2the 1000L that waters, once a day, in other times, waters according to normal condition, grows seedlings first 20 days, and every 667m
2the 1500-2000L that waters, 20-40 days, every 667m
2the 1000-1500L that waters, after 40 days, irrigates according to natural situation rainwater.
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| CN104012392A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-03 | 兰州大学 | Method for improving salt resistance and drought resistance of alfalfa |
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