CN108821814A - One kind preparing organic fertilizer method using chicken manure and tobacco waste as raw material - Google Patents

One kind preparing organic fertilizer method using chicken manure and tobacco waste as raw material Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108821814A
CN108821814A CN201811029281.8A CN201811029281A CN108821814A CN 108821814 A CN108821814 A CN 108821814A CN 201811029281 A CN201811029281 A CN 201811029281A CN 108821814 A CN108821814 A CN 108821814A
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chicken manure
organic fertilizer
tobacco waste
decomposed
mixed
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CN108821814B (en
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贺成龙
才华
周恩菊
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Zunyi Nongshen Industry Ltd Co
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Zunyi Nongshen Industry Ltd Co
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01BSOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/60Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The present invention relates to organic fertilizer preparation technical fields, especially one kind prepares organic fertilizer method using chicken manure and tobacco waste as raw material, immersion is mixed with water by tobacco waste, so that the fractions dissolution in tobacco waste is in aqueous solution, and after filtering and concentrating separation, filtrate and filter residue are subjected to mixed processing with chicken manure respectively, and by the utilization for film-coating technique of whitewashing in pelletizer, realize the nicotine ingredient in organic fertilizer particles extexine containing low content, and in organic fertilizer integral particle, nicotine content improves from outside to inside, so that during nutrients release, a degree of it can alleviate influence of the nicotine to crops emergence rate, and the deinsectization for guaranteeing crop plant body after emerging is effect improved, improve the quality of organic fertilizer.

Description

One kind preparing organic fertilizer method using chicken manure and tobacco waste as raw material
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic fertilizer preparation technical fields, especially a kind of to be prepared with using chicken manure and tobacco waste as raw material Machine fertilizer method.
Background technique
In recent years, with the fast development of scale animal and poultry cultivation industry, so that livestock and poultry breeding industry is cultivated by the peasant household dispersed Intensive, batch production cultivation is turned to, so that the yield of feces of livestock and poultry sharply increases.Crops rich in feces of livestock and poultry The nutrients such as required organic matter, N P and K are good organic fertilizer;But feces of livestock and poultry should not be directly used as applying fertilizer and enter In farmland, secondary fermentation otherwise will lead to, consume the oxygen in crop root part soil, so that generating high temperature, crops of burning Root system, but also the harmful substance of low molecule quality can be generated and introduce various pathogens, cause Sichuan or even shadow Ring water pollution, therefore, for feces of livestock and poultry as applying fertilizer during, it is necessary to feces of livestock and poultry carry out decomposedization place Reason.Chicken manure, since what is contained does not digest ingredient and pernicious bacteria, is occupied as one kind in feces of livestock and poultry in feces of livestock and poultry Height causes directly using chicken manure as applying fertilizer in soil, caused by harm be significantly larger than the livestock and poultry such as pig manure, cow dung, duck excrement Excrement so that using chicken manure as organic fertilizer raw material when, it is necessary to decomposed processing is carried out to chicken manure.
Currently, the decomposed processing of chicken manure, is handled using stacking fermentation or fermentation cylinder for fermentation mostly.Stack or Fermentation treatments, often being formed has very strong antibacterial activity microorganism, and these antibacterial activity microorganisms can eliminate plant Object pathogenic microorganism.Also it is based on this, during chicken manure is prepared organic fertilizer as organic fertilizer raw material, needing mostly will be organic Fertilizer stack or the processing of fermentor secondary fermentation so that chicken manure obtain it is decomposed after, then be used as applying fertilizer.It can It is, with the continuous development of agriculture production technology, continuous improvement of the people to living standard, for being used in agricultural production process Organic fertilizer quality requirements it is also higher and higher so that the organic fertilizer of function diversification has obtained quick development, and then grind The person of studying carefully, as raw material, is mixed with organic fertilizer with chicken manure using tobacco waste, such as:Number of patent application is 201310734935.8 using chicken manure and tobacco leaf as organic fertilizer of raw material and preparation method thereof.And use tobacco waste as former Material prepares organic fertilizer, so that the nicotine ingredient in tobacco waste can be realized the effect of desinsection, while can also penetrate into plant In vivo, the effect of making pest be poisoned, reaching deinsectization.But in the prior art, tobacco waste is used to prepare organic fertilizer for raw material Technology in, be mostly directly by tobacco waste directly as raw material be added, the nicotine that will be will lead in organic fertilizer in this way Content is higher, so that being easy to cause emergence to be affected during the organic fertilizer of preparation makees base manure for crops.Based on this, There is researcher during preparing organic fertilizer as raw material to tobacco waste, have studied organic matter decomposing inoculant, is added thermophilic Hot bacillus and the composition such as thermophilic nicotine arthrobacterium and actinomyces, so that can be realized in tobacco waste treatment process Reduce nicotine content purpose, such as Patent No. 201410288588.5 organic matter decomposing agent, containing tobacco waste biology Organic fertilizer and its production method and application method.But the disinsection efficiency ingredient in organic fertilizer is caused significantly to reduce in this way, Cause the deinsectization effect of organic fertilizer undesirable.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind with chicken manure and tobacco waste Organic fertilizer method is prepared for raw material.
It is achieved particular by following technical scheme:
The first purpose of the invention, which is to provide using chicken manure and tobacco waste as raw material, prepares organic fertilizer method, including Following steps:
(1) tobacco waste is mixed into immersion with water, filtered, filtrate is condensed into dope;Filter residue crushes, and obtains powder;
(2) chicken manure is stacked to completely decomposed, the acquisition decomposed object of chicken manure;
(3) take the decomposed object of chicken manure and dope according to mass ratio be 2-5:1 mixing, stirs evenly, is placed in pelletizer, make Grain, obtains particle A;Take chicken manure and powder according to mass ratio be 3-7:1-3 mixing, stirs evenly, and stacks fermentation, is modulated into slurries, It sprays into pelletizer, is mixed with particle A, is granulated, dried, packaging.Immersion is mixed with water by tobacco waste, so that tobacco is useless Fractions dissolution in gurry in aqueous solution, and after filtering and concentrating separation, by filtrate and filter residue respectively with chicken manure Mixed processing is carried out, and by the utilization for film-coating technique of whitewashing in pelletizer, is realized in organic fertilizer particles extexine containing low The nicotine ingredient of content, and in organic fertilizer integral particle, nicotine content improves from outside to inside, so that in nutrients release process In, a degree of it can alleviate influence of the nicotine to crops emergence rate, and guarantee crop plant after emergence The deinsectization of body is effect improved, improves the quality of organic fertilizer.
It is preferred that the step (2), chicken manure stacks fermentation into complete digest process, and be added has sawdust face, rice thereto The mixing that one or more of chaff, cow dung, pig manure, sheep dung, Chinese medicine slag, straw are mixed according to any mass ratio Object.Organic fertilizer nutrient can be adequately supplemented, quality is improved, enriches raw material sources, wherein the Chinese medicine slag used, such as Radix Codonopsis, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Astragali, kuh-seng etc. the Chinese medicine remaining dregs of a decoction, high degree after extracting reduce costs;The plant of use Object stalk can be the stalk of traditional organic fertilizer application and preparation, such as:Corn stover, wheat stalk, rape stalk etc..
It is preferred that the step (2), chicken manure stack to it is completely decomposed be that chicken manure is transported in fermentor, ferment 5-7 It, when fermentation materials temperature is increased to 60-70 DEG C, turning is primary every turning in 3 days later, after continuous turning 5-8 times, adjustment Moisture content is 40-50% to get the decomposed object of chicken manure.Chicken manure can be ensured by fermentation maturity to saturating, having in reduction chicken manure Evil flora, avoids chicken manure secondary fermentation.
It is preferred that the step (1), when tobacco waste mixes immersion with water, the quality between tobacco waste and water Than being 1:1.It improves and impregnates effect, reduce concentrated cost.
It is preferred that the step (1), when immersion, is heated to temperature >=30 DEG C.It improves and impregnates effect, shorten soaking time.
It is preferred that the step (1), soaking time 4-24h.Meet and impregnate sufficiently, high degree reduces in slag effectively Component content.
It is preferred that the step (3), the chicken manure quality phase that the chicken manure quality that particle A preparation uses is used with slurries preparation Deng.Realize that the ratio of mixed process is appropriate, organic fertilizer thickness is uniform.
It is preferred that the step (3), slurries viscosity is 6000-10000CPS.Slurry-spraying pelletizing difficulty reduces, and molding is held Easily.
It in the organic fertilizer use process of the invention, is mixed into soil after leveling earth, mixed volume 135- 220kg/ mus.The organic fertilizer is preferably suitable for that nonirrigated farmland uses.
In the invention the step of elaboration sufficiently, be referred to the operation side of those skilled in the art's routine Formula is operated, and can also refer to the operation of the relevant technologies disclosed in the prior art, such as:For tobacco waste immersion side Formula, the temperature of immersion treatment, time etc., the method for being referred to extract ingredient in tobacco leaf, especially with respect to nicotine extraction side Formula is handled, for example, number of patent application be CN201610597872.X a kind of burley tobacco nicotine extract and extraction process it is public The technique opened, be also possible to directly adopt after water is mixed impregnate so that the ingredient in tobacco waste be dissolved into it is water-soluble Mode in liquid can use Sonication assisted treatment, in the process to improve the ingredient dissolution rate in tobacco waste; It is also possible to first carry out tobacco waste to be ground into powder and then is carried out the technique for adding the processing of water mixing soak extraction Etc..As long as it is the operating method for enabling to chicken manure that fermentation maturity occurs that chicken manure, which is stacked to complete digest process, It is 201310734935.8 using chicken manure and tobacco leaf as in organic fertilizer of raw material and preparation method thereof referring for example to number of patent application Fermentation maturity process, also can be realized.
Specific embodiment
It is limited below with reference to specific embodiment technical solution of the present invention is further, but claimed Range is not only limited to made description.
Tobacco waste used herein refers to that tobacco is generated all during pipe tobacco from planting to being processed as From the waste of flue-cured tobacco, such as the stalk of flue-cured tobacco, plant part and offal other than the tobacco leaf for being able to enter production.
Organic fertilizer preparation method embodiment:
Embodiment 1
(1) after tobacco waste being ground into 120 mesh powders, with water according to mass ratio be 1:After 1 mixing, at 30 DEG C Under, it impregnates for 24 hours, filtering obtains filtrate and filter residue;Filtrate is condensed into dope, filter residue is entered into pulverizer, crushes, obtains powder End;
(2) chicken manure is collected, adjustment period water content is 50-60%, is deposited under normal temperature environment, so that it ferments, to chicken When dunghill central temperature reaches 80 DEG C or so, turning processing is carried out to it, primary every the processing of turning in 3 days later, continuous turning After processing 8 times, adjustment moisture content is 50%, obtains the decomposed object of chicken manure;
(3) decomposed 2 parts by weight of object of chicken manure and 1 parts by weight of dope are taken, is mixed, is stirred evenly, be placed in pelletizer and be granulated, It is dried at 40-50 DEG C, obtains particle A;Decomposed 3 parts by weight of object of chicken manure and 1 parts by weight of powder are taken, is mixed, is stirred evenly, be deposited in Under normal temperature environment, after processing 2 days, water is added to be modulated into the slurries that viscosity is 6000CPS;By slurries spray into pelletizer in, with Grain A mixing, is granulated, and 40-50 DEG C is dried to weight saving not after obvious, packaging.
Embodiment 2
(1) after tobacco waste being ground into 100 mesh powders, with water according to mass ratio be 1:After 1 mixing, at 50 DEG C Under, it impregnates for 24 hours, filtering obtains filtrate and filter residue;Filtrate is condensed into dope, filter residue is entered into pulverizer, crushes, obtains powder End;
(2) chicken manure is collected, adjustment period water content is 50-60%, is deposited under normal temperature environment, so that it ferments, to chicken When dunghill central temperature reaches 70 DEG C or so, turning processing is carried out to it, primary every the processing of turning in 3 days later, continuous turning After processing 5 times, adjustment moisture content is 40%, obtains the decomposed object of chicken manure;
(3) decomposed 5 parts by weight of object of chicken manure and 1 parts by weight of dope are taken, is mixed, is stirred evenly, be placed in pelletizer and be granulated, It is dried at 40-50 DEG C, obtains particle A;Decomposed 3 parts by weight of object of chicken manure and 3 parts by weight of powder are taken, is mixed, is stirred evenly, be deposited in Under normal temperature environment, after processing 5 days, water is added to be modulated into the slurries that viscosity is 8000CPS;By slurries spray into pelletizer in, with Grain A mixing, is granulated, and 40-50 DEG C is dried to weight saving not after obvious, packaging.
Embodiment 3
(1) after tobacco waste being ground into 80 mesh powders, with water according to mass ratio be 1:After 1 mixing, at 80 DEG C Under, 4h is impregnated, filtering obtains filtrate and filter residue;Filtrate is condensed into dope, filter residue is entered into pulverizer, crushes, obtains powder End;
(2) chicken manure is collected, adjustment period water content is 50-60%, is deposited under normal temperature environment, so that it ferments, to chicken When dunghill central temperature reaches 60 DEG C or so, turning processing is carried out to it, primary every the processing of turning in 3 days later, continuous turning After processing 7 times, adjustment moisture content is 40%, obtains the decomposed object of chicken manure;
(3) decomposed 4 parts by weight of object of chicken manure and 1 parts by weight of dope are taken, is mixed, is stirred evenly, be placed in pelletizer and be granulated, It is dried at 40-50 DEG C, obtains particle A;Decomposed 7 parts by weight of object of chicken manure and 1 parts by weight of powder are taken, is mixed, is stirred evenly, be deposited in Under normal temperature environment, after processing 5 days, water is added to be modulated into the slurries that viscosity is 7000CPS;By slurries spray into pelletizer in, with Grain A mixing, is granulated, and 40-50 DEG C is dried to weight saving not after obvious, packaging.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 1, for being added account for chicken manure quality thereto in the chicken manure treatment process of step (2) 3% sawdust face and the rice bran for accounting for chicken manure quality 7%.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of embodiment 2, for being added account for chicken manure quality thereto in the chicken manure treatment process of step (2) The remaining dregs of a decoction after 5% corn stover and the astragalus extraction for accounting for chicken manure quality 3%.
Embodiment 6
On the basis of embodiment 3, for being added account for chicken manure quality thereto in the chicken manure treatment process of step (2) 30% cow dung.
By nicotine content, organic composition detection, result such as the following table 1 institute in the organic fertilizer that is prepared to embodiment 1-6 Show:
Table 1
Nicotine content (%) Organic composition content (%) Full nitrogen (%) Full phosphorus (%) Full potassium (%) pH
Embodiment 1 1.63 61.4 1.7 0.6 5.1 6.7
Embodiment 2 1.59 62.3 1.9 0.8 4.9 6.6
Embodiment 3 1.74 62.1 1.8 0.7 5.0 6.7
Embodiment 4 1.49 64.5 1.8 0.7 4.8 6.5
Embodiment 5 1.52 65.1 1.6 0.6 4.9 6.6
Embodiment 6 1.61 65.7 1.8 0.7 5.0 6.5
It is shown by the data of table 1, the organic fertilizer quality of preparation is more excellent, can satisfy wanting for organic fertilizer NY525-2012 standard It asks, and nicotine content therein is higher, can aid in enhances crop insecticide deinsectization effect, and nicotine is permeated Enter in plant, reaches anthelminthic effect.
Corn growth influences test
Organic fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1-6 carries out fertilizer efficiency comparative test, trial target in Zunyi Bo Zhou area's milpa Kind is cloud auspicious No. 9.8 processing of test setting:The organic fertilizer that processing 1 is prepared for embodiment 1;Processing 2 has for prepared by embodiment 2 Machine fertilizer;The organic fertilizer that processing 3 is prepared for embodiment 3;The organic fertilizer that processing 4 is prepared for embodiment 4;Processing 5 is prepared for embodiment 5 Organic fertilizer;The organic fertilizer that processing 6 is prepared for embodiment 6;Processing 7 is to handle tobacco waste and the direct mixed fermentation of chicken manure The organic fertilizer being prepared;Processing 8 is using the biological organic fertilizer of the preparation of embodiment 6 in Patent No. 201410288588.5. Each processing fertilization area is 0.8-1.3 mus, and application method in the soil that applied fertilizer, is mixed after by ground levelling Even, each processing group mixed volume scheme is as shown in table 2 below:
Table 2
The above fertilizer treatment is used as base manure fertilizer treatment, and mixing was admixed after 5 days, starts seeding corn, insemination and emergence When reaching 5cm or so to height of seedling, corn emergence rate is counted;In harvest corn, measurement plant height, plant stem girth, knot Fruit is as shown in table 3 below:
Table 3
Emergence rate (%) Plant height (cm) Stem girth (cm)
Processing 1 93.5 213 2.15
Processing 2 92.7 215 2.19
Processing 3 93.6 212 2.22
Processing 4 94.1 214 2.17
Processing 5 95.2 209 2.23
Processing 6 94.3 211 2.18
Processing 7 73.5 218 2.21
Processing 8 80.6 211 2.14
It is shown by the data of table 3, can significantly improve corn emergence rate, reduce the damage to corn, and its nicotine The effect of content is higher, is able to maintain that during subsequent growth, infiltrates through plant weight, reaches expelling parasite deinsectization;Present invention wound Making realization is to wrap up one layer of lower outer shell of nicotine content under whitewashing effect, so that higher in internal nicotine content, with The passage of time, promote the nicotine inside particle gradually to release, reach provide nutrient while, constantly into soil Supplement the purpose of nicotine ingredient.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, Anyone skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technique and scheme of the present invention and its Inventive concept is subject to equivalent substitution or change, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. one kind prepares organic fertilizer method using chicken manure and tobacco waste as raw material, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
(1) tobacco waste is mixed into immersion with water, filtered, filtrate is condensed into dope;Filter residue crushes, and obtains powder;
(2) chicken manure is stacked to completely decomposed, the acquisition decomposed object of chicken manure;
(3) take the decomposed object of chicken manure and dope according to mass ratio be 2-5:1 mixing, stirs evenly, is placed in pelletizer, is granulated, Obtain particle A;Take chicken manure and powder according to mass ratio be 3-7:1-3 mixing, stirs evenly, and stacks fermentation, is modulated into slurries, sprays into It in pelletizer, mixes, is granulated with particle A, dry, packaging.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (2), chicken manure stack fermentation to complete decomposed mistake Cheng Zhong, thereto be added have one or more of sawdust face, rice bran, cow dung, pig manure, sheep dung, Chinese medicine slag, straw by The mixture mixed according to any mass ratio.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the step (2), chicken manure, which is stacked to completely decomposed, is Chicken manure is transported in fermentor, is fermented 5-7 days, when fermentation materials temperature is increased to 60-70 DEG C, turning was turned over every 3 days later Heap is primary, and after continuous turning 5-8 times, adjustment moisture content is 40-50% to get the decomposed object of chicken manure.
4. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (1), tobacco waste mix immersion with water When, the mass ratio between tobacco waste and water is 1:1.
5. method as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the step (1), when immersion are heated to temperature >=30 ℃。
6. method as described in claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that the step (1), soaking time 4-24h.
7. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the step (3), the chicken manure quality that particle A preparation uses It is equal with the chicken manure quality that slurries preparation uses.
8. method as claimed in claim 1 or 7, which is characterized in that the step (3), slurries viscosity are 6000- 10000CPS。
9. the organic fertilizer of the method according to claim 1 preparation.
10. organic fertilizer application method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that after leveling earth, be mixed into soil, mix Entering amount is 135-220kg/ mus.
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CN110483187A (en) * 2019-09-24 2019-11-22 成都市四友生物科技有限公司 A kind of tobacco powder biological organic fertilizer inhibiting crop disease and insect
CN111995441A (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-11-27 梅州市青塘实业有限公司 Method for preparing organic fertilizer and liquid insect repellent
CN112830852A (en) * 2019-11-22 2021-05-25 灵宝市朝阳生物科技有限责任公司 Organic fertilizer with insect expelling effect and preparation method and application thereof
CN114292141A (en) * 2022-01-11 2022-04-08 河北省中医药科学院 Traditional Chinese medicine waste residue bio-organic fertilizer suitable for Chinese yam and preparation method thereof
CN115316098A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-11 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 Efficient dry land radix codonopsis fertilization method based on ecological chemometrics
CN115403428A (en) * 2022-09-30 2022-11-29 石家庄市农林科学研究院 Tobacco waste bio-organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof

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