CN102910974A - Organic fertilizer capable of sterilizing and killing pests and preparation method of organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Organic fertilizer capable of sterilizing and killing pests and preparation method of organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102910974A CN102910974A CN2012104434975A CN201210443497A CN102910974A CN 102910974 A CN102910974 A CN 102910974A CN 2012104434975 A CN2012104434975 A CN 2012104434975A CN 201210443497 A CN201210443497 A CN 201210443497A CN 102910974 A CN102910974 A CN 102910974A
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- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 title abstract 3
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an organic fertilizer capable of sterilizing and killing pests. The organic fertilizer is granular. The granular organic fertilizer comprises a fertilizer efficiency body and a pesticide effect shell, wherein the fertilizer efficiency body comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-35 parts of cow dung, 35-40 parts of chivekn manure, 10-13 parts of peanut meal, 2-5 parts of quick lime, 55-65 parts of winasse, 0.1-0.2 part of composting agent, 0.5-1 part of maize meal; and the pesticide effect shell comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-8 parts of radix sophorae flavescentis, 6-8 parts of herb of twoleaf hoodshaped orchid, 6-8 parts of frucuts cnidii, 3-6 parts of fructus kochiae, 1-3 parts of camphor, 3-6 parts of garlic powder, 5-8 parts of pumpkin, 0.5-1.5 parts of aniseed, 3-6 parts of bean cake, 6-8 parts of Ixeris sonchifolia and 6-8 parts of pine needle. The organic fertilizer is simple in proportion, low in cost, convenient to use, has both a fertilizer effect and sterilizing and pest killing effects, does not pollute the environment and has an obvious protection effect on underground parts of crops.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the vegetable fertilizer technical field, but particularly fertilizer of a kind of sterilization and disinfestation and preparation method thereof.
Background technology:
Fertilizer, mainly contain nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element, for earth replenishes the nutrition of running off, thereby increase the output of crop, still, frequent and single use along with chemical fertilizer application, bring disadvantageous effect to edatope, soil is under the condition that lacks sufficient organic matter, and soil aggregate is difficult to form, adhesive power between the soil particle weakens, and has lowered the water retention capacity of soil now.When earth can't keep the moisture of abundance, even the chemical fertilizer quality is high, also is not easy to chemical fertilizer and under favourable condition, discharges nutrient.Fertilizer fertilizer appearred, in the problem that causes for solving the single chemical fertilizer of life-time service on the market: be mainly derived from plant and (or) animal, impose on soil so that the carbonaceous material of plant nutrition as its major function to be provided.Through biological substance, animals and plants waste, plant residue processing, eliminated hazardous and noxious substances wherein, be rich in a large amount of benefit materials, comprising: multiple organic acid, peptide class and the abundant nutritive element that comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.Can not only be for farm crop provide full nutrition, and fertilizer efficiency is long, can increase and upgrade the soil organism, promotes microbial reproduction, improves physico-chemical property and the biological activity of soil, is the Main Nutrients of pollution-free food production.Not only contain the essential macroelement of plant, trace element in the fertilizer, also contain abundant organic nutrient, fertilizer is the most comprehensive fertilizer.
Though fertilizer has above-mentioned advantage, but after fertilising, to the disease and pest of crop, pathogenic bacterium etc. also need frequently to spray insecticide, but agricultural chemicals, remarkable for the above part effect in crop ground, and for the below ground part, then often be difficult to be effective, tradition adopts underground mode of burying medicine for the sterilization and disinfestation of crop below ground part (such as root system, stem tuber) etc., this prescription formula of burying is damaged root system or stem tuber easily, and existing medicine mostly is synthetics, and is seriously polluted.Therefore, now a lot of producers are all at research and inquirement traditional Chinese medicine ingredients fertilizer, for example, and Chinese patent application, application number is 201210123450.0, name is called " a kind of Chinese medicine organic fertilizer " wherein in the disclosed technical scheme, has added a lot of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients, and is wherein resultful such as sweet wormwood, kuh-seng, unfruitful such as the red sage root, frankincense etc. are valuable in especially " Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi " etc.See that totally this scheme cost is very high, behind the making finished product, be difficult to be used more widely.
In view of above-mentioned technical problem, simple in the urgent need to a kind of proportioning occurring, cost is lower; easy to use; the effect that also possesses sterilization and disinfestation when possessing fertilizer efficiency, environmentally safe, but to fertilizer of the significant a kind of sterilization and disinfestation of the protection effect of the part of a crop which is beneath the ground and preparation method thereof.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming that exists in the prior art; provide a kind of proportioning simple; cost is lower; easy to use; the effect that also possesses sterilization and disinfestation when possessing fertilizer efficiency; environmentally safe, but to fertilizer of the significant a kind of sterilization and disinfestation of the protection effect of the part of a crop which is beneath the ground and preparation method thereof.
To achieve these goals, but the invention provides a kind of fertilizer of sterilization and disinfestation, wherein, described fertilizer is particulate state, granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 30-35 part, chicken manure 35-40 part, peanut meal 10-13 part, unslaked lime 2-5 part, vinasse 55-65 part, decomposing agent 0.1-0.2 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.5-1 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 5-8 part, hundred step 6-8 parts, Fructus Cnidii 6-8 part, Fruit of Belveder 3-6 part, camphor 1-3 part, garlic powder 3-6 part, face melon seeds 5-8 part, aniseed 0.5-1.5 part, soya-bean cake 3-6 part is practiced hard sub-6-8 part, pine needle 6-8 part.
Perhaps, described fertilizer is particulate state, and granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 30-32 part, chicken manure 35-38 part, peanut meal 10-12 part, unslaked lime 2-4 part, vinasse 55-60 part, decomposing agent 0.1-0.15 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.5-0.8 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 5-7 part, hundred step 6-7 parts, Fructus Cnidii 6-7 part, Fruit of Belveder 3-5 part, camphor 1-2 part, garlic powder 3-5 part, face melon seeds 5-7 part, aniseed 0.5-1 part, soya-bean cake 3-5 part is practiced hard sub-6-7 part, pine needle 6-7 part.
Perhaps, described fertilizer is particulate state, and granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 32-35 part, chicken manure 38-40 part, peanut meal 12-13 part, unslaked lime 3-5 part, vinasse 60-65 part, decomposing agent 0.15-0.2 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.8-1 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 6-8 part, hundred step 7-8 parts, Fructus Cnidii 7-8 part, Fruit of Belveder 5-6 part, camphor 2-3 part, garlic powder 4-6 part, face melon seeds 6-8 part, aniseed 1-1.5 part, soya-bean cake 4-6 part is practiced hard sub-7-8 part, pine needle 7-8 part.
Described decomposing agent is aspergillus oryzae.
Purpose to better implement the present invention, but the invention also discloses the preparation method of the fertilizer of sterilization and disinfestation, wherein, comprise the steps:
A, cow dung, chicken manure and peanut meal are mixed with stirrer, and carry out water content detection, require moisture at 58-60%, make batch mixing No. one time;
B, decomposing agent and Semen Maydis powder are mixed according to the ratio of 1:9, mixing temperature 0-35 degree the last mixing shelf-time 3-12 hour, makes rerolling;
C, batch mixing of step a gained and the rerolling of step b gained are sent into mixing and stirring in the stirrer, make batch mixing No. three times,
The step of d, stacking places No. three batch mixings of step c gained in the fermenter and to stack, and the height of stacking is 1-1.2 rice, and thermometer is inserted in No. three batch mixings, and the degree of depth of insertion is 0.5-0.6 rice;
E, turn over the step of throwing: when the temperature of No. three batch mixings of steps d reaches 70 when spending, start turnover throwing machine and turn over throwing once; 13-15 is after day, and the height of No. three batch mixings of steps d is initial 1/3 o'clock of stacking height, namely, No. three batch mixings are fermented maturation;
The mixture that f, step e make and vinasse, unslaked lime mix, and then carry out airing, and when moisture 20% was arrived in airing, the fertilizer efficiency body was made in the granulation operation;
G, with kuh-seng, hundred the step, Fructus Cnidii, the Fruit of Belveder, camphor, garlic powder, the face melon seeds, aniseed, soya-bean cake, practice hard son, pine needle mixes with clay after pulverizing, and adds the medicinal mixture that water stirs into paste, the fertilizer efficiency body that step f is made glues the medicinal mixture that rolls in paste, then granulation, oven dry make the fertilizer efficiency body exterior form the drug effect shell, make finished product.
The invention has the advantages that the kind proportioning is simple, cost is lower, and is easy to use, also possesses the effect of sterilization and disinfestation when possessing fertilizer efficiency, and environmentally safe is remarkable to the protection effect of the part of a crop which is beneath the ground.
Embodiment:
Preparation prescription of the present invention:
Granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 30-35 part, chicken manure 35-40 part, peanut meal 10-13 part, unslaked lime 2-5 part, vinasse 55-65 part, decomposing agent 0.1-0.2 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.5-1 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 5-8 part, hundred step 6-8 parts, Fructus Cnidii 6-8 part, Fruit of Belveder 3-6 part, camphor 1-3 part, garlic powder 3-6 part, face melon seeds 5-8 part, aniseed 0.5-1.5 part, soya-bean cake 3-6 part is practiced hard sub-6-8 part, pine needle 6-8 part.
Perhaps, described fertilizer is particulate state, and granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 30-32 part, chicken manure 35-38 part, peanut meal 10-12 part, unslaked lime 2-4 part, vinasse 55-60 part, decomposing agent 0.1-0.15 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.5-0.8 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 5-7 part, hundred step 6-7 parts, Fructus Cnidii 6-7 part, Fruit of Belveder 3-5 part, camphor 1-2 part, garlic powder 3-5 part, face melon seeds 5-7 part, aniseed 0.5-1 part, soya-bean cake 3-5 part is practiced hard sub-6-7 part, pine needle 6-7 part.
Perhaps, described fertilizer is particulate state, and granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 32-35 part, chicken manure 38-40 part, peanut meal 12-13 part, unslaked lime 3-5 part, vinasse 60-65 part, decomposing agent 0.15-0.2 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.8-1 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 6-8 part, hundred step 7-8 parts, Fructus Cnidii 7-8 part, Fruit of Belveder 5-6 part, camphor 2-3 part, garlic powder 4-6 part, face melon seeds 6-8 part, aniseed 1-1.5 part, soya-bean cake 4-6 part is practiced hard sub-7-8 part, pine needle 7-8 part.
Described decomposing agent is aspergillus oryzae.
Purpose to better implement the present invention, but the invention also discloses the preparation method of the fertilizer of sterilization and disinfestation, wherein, comprise the steps:
A, cow dung, chicken manure and peanut meal are mixed with stirrer, and carry out water content detection, require moisture at 58-60%, make batch mixing No. one time;
B, decomposing agent and Semen Maydis powder are mixed according to the ratio of 1:9, mixing temperature 0-35 degree the last mixing shelf-time 3-12 hour, makes rerolling;
C, batch mixing of step a gained and the rerolling of step b gained are sent into mixing and stirring in the stirrer, make batch mixing No. three times,
The step of d, stacking places No. three batch mixings of step c gained in the fermenter and to stack, and the height of stacking is 1-1.2 rice, and thermometer is inserted in No. three batch mixings, and the degree of depth of insertion is 0.5-0.6 rice;
E, turn over the step of throwing: when the temperature of No. three batch mixings of steps d reaches 70 when spending, start turnover throwing machine and turn over throwing once; 13-15 is after day, and the height of No. three batch mixings of steps d is initial 1/3 o'clock of stacking height, namely, No. three batch mixings are fermented maturation;
The mixture that f, step e make and vinasse, unslaked lime mix, and then carry out airing, and when moisture 20% was arrived in airing, the fertilizer efficiency body was made in the granulation operation;
G, with kuh-seng, hundred the step, Fructus Cnidii, the Fruit of Belveder, camphor, garlic powder, the face melon seeds, aniseed, soya-bean cake, practice hard son, pine needle mixes with clay after pulverizing, and adds the medicinal mixture that water stirs into paste, the fertilizer efficiency body that step f is made glues the medicinal mixture that rolls in paste, then granulation, oven dry make the fertilizer efficiency body exterior form the drug effect shell, make finished product.
Among the present invention, screening formulation 1 is:
Fertilizer efficiency body: 30 parts of cow dungs, 35 parts of chicken manures, 10 parts of peanut meals, 2 parts of unslaked limes, 55 parts in vinasse, 0.1 part of decomposing agent, 0.5 part of Semen Maydis powder;
The drug effect shell: 5 parts of kuh-sengs, 6 parts of hundred steps, 6 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 3 parts of the Fruit of Belveder, 1 part of camphor, 3 parts in garlic powder, 5 parts in face melon seeds, 0.5 part of aniseed, 3 parts of soya-bean cakes are practiced hard 6 parts of sons, 6 parts in pine needle.
Screening formulation 2 is:
Fertilizer efficiency body: 35 parts of cow dungs, 40 parts of chicken manures, 13 parts of peanut meals, 5 parts of unslaked limes, 65 parts in vinasse, 0.2 part of decomposing agent, 1 part of Semen Maydis powder;
The drug effect shell: 8 parts of kuh-sengs, 8 parts of hundred steps, 8 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 6 parts of the Fruit of Belveder, 3 parts of camphors, 6 parts in garlic powder, 8 parts in face melon seeds, 1.5 parts of aniseed, 6 parts of soya-bean cakes are practiced hard 8 parts of sons, 8 parts in pine needle.
Screening formulation 3 is:
Fertilizer efficiency body: 32 parts of cow dungs, 38 parts of chicken manures, 12 parts of peanut meals, 3 parts of unslaked limes, 60 parts in vinasse, 0.15 part of decomposing agent, 0.8 part of Semen Maydis powder;
The drug effect shell: 6 parts of kuh-sengs, 7 parts of hundred steps, 7 parts of Fructus Cnidiis, 5 parts of the Fruit of Belveder, 2 parts of camphors, 4 parts in garlic powder, 6 parts in face melon seeds, 1 part of aniseed, 4 parts of soya-bean cakes are practiced hard 7 parts of sons, 7 parts in pine needle.
Application effect of the present invention:
Take 30 mu of tea plantations as experimental subjects, per 10 mu is one group, first group is that experimental group is used organic fertilizer (screening formulation 1-3) 700kg that fills a prescription and produce according to the present invention, organize in contrast for second group and use the common fertilizer 700kg that meets industry standard NY525-2002, only use chemical fertilizer and application of organic fertilizers (urea 50kg, diammonium phosphate 18kg, vitriolate of tartar 25kg) not for the 3rd group.Comparative test result such as following table after 1 year:
1., Other Main Agronomic Characters
Table 1: Other Main Agronomic Characters and feature
As can be seen from Table 1, one group growth situation is obviously better, and two groups are taken second place, and three groups relatively poor.So the crop growing state after the present invention uses is effective.
2., Main Quality Traits evaluation
Table 2: Main Quality Traits relatively
| The test site | Protein | Albumin | Theanine | Catechin |
| One group | 25.6 | 5.12 | 12.2 | 23.5 |
| Two groups | 25.4 | 5.07 | 11.8 | 22.1 |
| Three groups | 23.1 | 4.43 | 10.3 | 19.7 |
As can be seen from Table 2, one group of tea leaf quality with two groups is relative better, and three groups tea leaf quality is the poorest.The quality better of the tealeaves after the present invention uses
3., disease resistance evaluation
Table 3 is respectively processed the disease resistance recorder
| Process | The tea shoot root knot nematode disease | The tea moire blight | The red leaf spot of tea | Tea net cake is sick | The tea sooty mould |
| One group | 1.63 | 0.87 | 0.36 | 1.75 | 1.43 |
| Two groups | 2.79 | 1.17 | 0.41 | 2.87 | 2.15 |
| Three groups | 4.31 | 2.08 | 1.13 | 4.06 | 2.37 |
As can be seen from Table 3, one group of disease is lighter, and two groups are taken second place, and three groups of diseases are relatively heavier.So disease resistance of the present invention is good.
It is as follows to do experiment with the potato tuber crop:
Other Main Agronomic Characters and feature:
Disease resistance is estimated:
As can be seen from the above table, fertilizer efficiency of the present invention is effective, and disease resisting effect is good.
Proportioning of the present invention is simple, and cost is lower, and is easy to use, also possesses the effect of sterilization and disinfestation when possessing fertilizer efficiency, and environmentally safe is remarkable to the protection effect of the part of a crop which is beneath the ground.
Claims (5)
1. but the fertilizer of a sterilization and disinfestation is characterized in that, described fertilizer is particulate state, and granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 30-35 part, chicken manure 35-40 part, peanut meal 10-13 part, unslaked lime 2-5 part, vinasse 55-65 part, decomposing agent 0.1-0.2 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.5-1 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 5-8 part, hundred step 6-8 parts, Fructus Cnidii 6-8 part, Fruit of Belveder 3-6 part, camphor 1-3 part, garlic powder 3-6 part, face melon seeds 5-8 part, aniseed 0.5-1.5 part, soya-bean cake 3-6 part is practiced hard sub-6-8 part, pine needle 6-8 part.
But 2. the fertilizer of described sterilization and disinfestation according to claim 1, wherein, described fertilizer is particulate state, and granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 30-32 part, chicken manure 35-38 part, peanut meal 10-12 part, unslaked lime 2-4 part, vinasse 55-60 part, decomposing agent 0.1-0.15 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.5-0.8 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 5-7 part, hundred step 6-7 parts, Fructus Cnidii 6-7 part, Fruit of Belveder 3-5 part, camphor 1-2 part, garlic powder 3-5 part, face melon seeds 5-7 part, aniseed 0.5-1 part, soya-bean cake 3-5 part is practiced hard sub-6-7 part, pine needle 6-7 part.
But 3. the fertilizer of described sterilization and disinfestation according to claim 1, wherein, described fertilizer is particulate state, and granular fertilizer comprises fertilizer efficiency body and drug effect shell, and described fertilizer body, described drug effect shell dispose following raw material according to parts by weight:
Fertilizer efficiency body: cow dung 32-35 part, chicken manure 38-40 part, peanut meal 12-13 part, unslaked lime 3-5 part, vinasse 60-65 part, decomposing agent 0.15-0.2 part, Semen Maydis powder 0.8-1 part;
The drug effect shell: kuh-seng 6-8 part, hundred step 7-8 parts, Fructus Cnidii 7-8 part, Fruit of Belveder 5-6 part, camphor 2-3 part, garlic powder 4-6 part, face melon seeds 6-8 part, aniseed 1-1.5 part, soya-bean cake 4-6 part is practiced hard sub-7-8 part, pine needle 7-8 part.
4. but the fertilizer of arbitrary described sterilization and disinfestation according to claim 1-3, described decomposing agent is aspergillus oryzae.
But one kind arbitrary such as claim 1-3 as described in the preparation method of fertilizer of sterilization and disinfestation, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
A, cow dung, chicken manure and peanut meal are mixed with stirrer, and carry out water content detection, require moisture at 58-60%, make batch mixing No. one time;
B, decomposing agent and Semen Maydis powder are mixed, mixing temperature 0-35 degree the last mixing shelf-time 3-12 hour, makes rerolling;
C, batch mixing of step a gained and the rerolling of step b gained are sent into mixing and stirring in the stirrer, make batch mixing No. three times,
The step of d, stacking places No. three batch mixings of step c gained in the fermenter and to stack, and the height of stacking is 1-1.2 rice, and thermometer is inserted in No. three batch mixings, and the degree of depth of insertion is 0.5-0.6 rice;
E, turn over the step of throwing: when the temperature of No. three batch mixings of steps d reaches 70 when spending, start turnover throwing machine and turn over throwing once; 13-15 is after day, and the height of No. three batch mixings of steps d is initial 1/3 o'clock of stacking height, namely, No. three batch mixings are fermented maturation;
The mixture that f, step e make and vinasse, unslaked lime mix, and then carry out airing, and when moisture 20% was arrived in airing, the fertilizer efficiency body was made in the granulation operation;
G, with kuh-seng, hundred the step, Fructus Cnidii, the Fruit of Belveder, camphor, garlic powder, the face melon seeds, aniseed, soya-bean cake, practice hard son, pine needle mixes with clay after pulverizing, and adds the medicinal mixture that water stirs into paste, the fertilizer efficiency body that step f is made glues the medicinal mixture that rolls in paste, then granulation, oven dry make the fertilizer efficiency body exterior form the drug effect shell, make finished product.
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