CN108815432A - 一种治疗疝气的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗疝气的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由山楂、橘核、小茴香、川楝子、柴胡、延胡索、乌梅、全蝎、五灵脂、丝瓜络、薏苡仁、党参、生蒲黄、木通、莱菔子、荔枝核、青皮、木香、泽泻、土茯苓、桂枝、附子、木通、猪苓、枳实、白术、当归按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有散瘀血、理气、散寒止痛、降湿热、清热、疏肝破气的功能,用于治疗疝气见效快、疗效好,不复发。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗疝气的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
技术背景
疝气是人体内某个脏器或组织离开其正常解剖位置,通过先天或后天形成的薄弱点、缺损或孔隙进入另一部位。中医则认为疝气与气虚下陷、肝郁气滞、瘀血阻络、肝肾虚寒、湿热内蕴有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗疝气的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗疝气的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗疝气的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明是选择山楂、橘核、小茴香、川楝子、柴胡、延胡索、乌梅、全蝎、五灵脂、丝瓜络、薏苡仁、党参、生蒲黄、木通、莱菔子、荔枝核、青皮、木香、泽泻、土茯苓、桂枝、附子、猪苓、枳实、白术、当归、葫芦巴、苍术、血余炭、三棱药物进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗疝气。其中选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘,微温,入脾、胃、肝经,有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,治肉积,癥瘕,痰饮,痞满,吞酸,泻痢,肠风,腰痛,疝气,产后儿枕痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞。选用橘核是因为其性味苦,平,无毒,入肝、肾经,有理气,止痛的功能,治疝气,睾丸肿痛,乳痈,腰痛,膀胱气痛。选用小茴香是因为其性味辛,温,归肝、肾、脾、胃经,有散寒止痛,理气和胃的功能,治寒疝腹痛,睾丸偏坠,痛经,少腹冷痛,脘腹胀满,食少吐泻,睾丸鞘膜积液。选用川楝子是因为其性味苦,寒,有毒,入肝、胃、小肠经,有降湿热,清肝火,止痛,杀虫的功能,治热厥心痛,胁痛,疝痛,虫积腹痛。选用柴胡是由因为其性味苦,微寒,归肝、胆经。和解少阳,退热疏肝,升阳。用于感冒发热,寒热往来,胸胁胀痛,月经不调,子宫脱垂,脱肛。选用延胡索是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肝、胃经,有活血,散瘀,理气,止痛的功能,治心腹腰膝诸痛,月经不调,癥瘕,崩中,产后血晕,恶露不尽,跌打损伤。选用乌梅是因为其性味酸,温,入肝,脾,肺,大肠经,有收敛生津,安蛔驱虫的功能,治久咳,虚热烦渴,久疟,痢疾,便血,尿血,血崩,蛔厥腹痛,呕吐,钩虫病,牛皮癣,胬肉。选用全蝎是因为其性味咸辛,平,有毒,入足厥阴经,有祛风,止痉,通络,解毒的功能,治惊风抽搐,癫癎,中风、半身不遂、口眼喎斜,偏头痛,风湿痹痛,破伤风,淋巴结结核,风疹疮肿。选用五灵脂是因为其性味苦甘,温,入肝、脾经,生用有行血止痛的功能,治心腹血气诸痛,妇女经闭,产后瘀血作痛;外治蛇、蝎、蜈蚣咬伤,炒用止血,治妇女血崩,经水过多,赤带不绝。选用丝瓜络是因为其性味甘,平,有通经活络,清热化痰的功能,治胸胁疼痛,腹痛,腰痛,睾丸肿痛,肺热痰咳,妇女经闭,乳汁不通,痈肿,痔漏。选用薏苡仁是因为其性味甘淡,凉,入脾、肺、肾经,有健脾,补肺,清热,利湿的功能,治泄泻,湿痹,筋脉拘挛,屈伸不利,水肿,脚气,肺痿,肺痈,肠痈,淋浊,白带。选用党参是因为其性味甘,平,入手、足太阴经气分,有补中益气,生津的功能,治脾胃虚弱,气血两亏,体倦无力,食少,口渴,久泻,脱肛。选用生蒲黄是因为其性味甘、平,归肝、心包经,有止血、化瘀、通淋的功能。选用木通是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、小肠、膀胱经,有泻火行水,通利血脉的功能,治小便赤涩,淋浊,水肿,胸中烦热,喉痹咽痛,遍身拘痛,妇女经闭,乳汁不通。选用莱菔子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肺、胃经,有下气定喘,消食化痰的功能,治咳嗽痰喘,食积气滞,胸闷腹胀,下痢后重。选用荔枝核是因为其性味甘涩,温,入肝、肾经,有温中,理气,止痛的功能,治胃脘痛,疝气痛,妇女血气刺痛。选用青皮是因为其性味苦辛,微温,入肝、胆经,有疏肝破气,散结消痰的功能,治胸胁胃脘疼痛,疝气,食积,乳肿,乳核,久疟癖块。选用木香是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肺、肝、脾经,有行气止痛,温中和胃的功能,治中寒气滞,胸腹胀痛,呕吐,泄泻,下痢里急后重,寒疝。选用泽泻是因为其性味甘,寒,入膀胱经,有利水,渗湿,泄热的功能,治小便不利,水肿肛满,呕吐,泻痢,痰饮,脚气,淋病,尿血。选用土茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入肝、胃经,有解毒,除湿,利关节的功能,治梅毒,淋浊,筋骨挛痛,脚气,疔疮,痈肿,瘰疬。选用桂枝是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、心、肺经,有发汗解肌,温经通脉的功能,治风寒表证,肩背肢节酸疼,胸痹痰饮,经闭癥瘕。选用附子是因为其性味辛甘,热,有毒,入心、脾、肾经,有回阳补火,散寒除湿的功能,治阴盛格阳,大汗亡阳,吐利厥逆,心腹冷痛,脾泄冷痢,脚气水肿,小儿慢惊,风寒湿痹,踒躄拘挛,阴疽疮漏及一切沉寒痼冷之疾。选用猪苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入脾、肾、膀胱经,有利尿渗湿的功能,治小便不利,水肿胀满,脚气,泄泻,淋、浊,带下。选用枳实是因为其性味苦,寒,入脾、胃经,有破气,散痞,泻痰,消积的功能,治胸腹胀痛,胸痹,痞痛,痰癖,水肿,食积,便秘,胃下垂,子宫下垂,脱肛。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。选用当归是因为其性味甘辛,温,入心、肝、脾经,有补血和血,调经止痛,润燥滑肠的功能,治月经不调,经闭腹痛,癥瘕结聚,崩漏,血虚头痛,眩晕,痿痹,肠燥难便,赤痢后重,痈疽疮疡,金疮,跌扑损伤。选用葫芦巴是因为其性味苦温,入肾、肝经,有补肾阳,祛寒湿的功能,治寒疝,腹胁胀满,脚气,阳痿。选用苍术是因为其性味辛苦,温,入脾、胃经,有健脾,燥湿,解郁,辟秽的功能,治湿盛困脾,倦怠嗜卧,脘痞腹胀,食欲不振,呕吐,泄泻,痢疾,疟疾,痰饮,水肿,时气感冒,风寒湿痹,足痿,夜盲。选用血余炭(血余)是因为其性味苦,温,入心、肝、肾经,有消瘀,止血的功能,治吐血,鼻衄,齿龈出血,血痢,血淋,崩漏。选用三棱是因为其性味苦辛,平,入肝、脾经,有破血,行气,消积,止痛的功能,治癥瘕积聚,气血凝带,心腹疼痛,胁下胀疼,经闭,产后瘀血腹痛,跌打损伤,疮肿坚硬。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效
山楂20-30克、橘核10-20克、小茴香10-20克、川楝子10-15克、柴胡5-15克、延胡索10-15克、乌梅5-15克、全蝎5-10克、五灵脂10-20克、丝瓜络5-15克、薏苡仁10-15克、党参10-20克、生蒲黄10-15克、木通5-15克、莱菔子10-15克、荔枝核15-20克、青皮10-20克、木香5-10克、泽泻10-15克、土茯苓10-20克、桂枝10-15克、附子5-10克、猪苓10-20克、枳实10-20克、白术5-15克、当归10-15克、葫芦巴10-20克、苍术5-15克、血余炭5-15克、三棱5-10克。
优选为
山楂25克、橘核15克、小茴香15克、川楝子12克、柴胡10克、延胡索12克、乌梅10克、全蝎8克、五灵脂15克、丝瓜络10克、薏苡仁12克、党参15克、生蒲黄12克、木通10克、莱菔子12克、荔枝核18克、青皮15克、木香8克、泽泻12克、土茯苓15克、桂枝12克、附子8克、猪苓15克、枳实15克、白术10克、当归12克、葫芦巴15克、苍术10克、血余炭10克、三棱8克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
2、橘核:筛去灰屑,拣净杂质,洗净,晒干;
3、小茴香:取原药材,除去杂质;
4、川楝子:拣去杂质,洗净,烘干,轧碎或劈成两半;
5、柴胡:取原药材,除去残茎,杂质,洗净,润软,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
6、延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
7、乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
8、全蝎:清水漂去盐质,晒干,或微火焙用;
9、五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
10、丝瓜络:洗净晒干,切段;
11、薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
12、党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
13、生蒲黄:揉碎结块,过筛,除去杂质;
14、木通:用水稍浸泡,闷润至透,切片,晾干;
15、莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
16、荔枝核:取原药材,除去杂质,用时捣碎;
17、青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
18、木香:将原生药放清水内洗净,捞出,闷润12—24小时使软,切片,晒干;
19、泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
20、土茯苓:用水浸漂,夏季每日换水1次,春、秋每2日换水1次,冬季可3日换水1次,防止发臭,以泡透为止,捞出切片,及时干燥;
21、桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
22、附子:用水浸泡,捞出,切片,晾干;
23、猪苓:洗净泥砂,润软切片,晾干;
24、枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
25、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
26、当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
27、葫芦巴:拣去杂质,用水洗净,晒干;
28、苍术:拣去杂质,用水泡至七、八成透,捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
29、血余炭:取头发,除去杂质,碱水洗去油垢,清水漂净,晒干,炯煅成炭,放凉;
30、三棱:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切片,晒干。
二、制备
1、将所述重量的山楂、橘核、小茴香、川楝子、柴胡、延胡索、乌梅、全蝎、五灵脂、丝瓜络、薏苡仁、党参、生蒲黄、木通、莱菔子、荔枝核、青皮、木香、泽泻、土茯苓、桂枝、附子、猪苓、枳实、白术、当归、葫芦巴、苍术、血余炭、三棱放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
组方中山楂消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫,橘核有理气,止痛的功能二者为君药;小茴香散寒止痛,理气和胃,川楝子有降湿热,清肝火,止痛,杀虫的功能,与柴胡、延胡索、乌梅、全蝎、五灵脂、丝瓜络为臣药,十味药共同发挥散瘀血、理气、散寒止痛、降湿热、清肝火、理气和胃、杀虫的作用,治疗疝气效力全面,且以散瘀血、理气、散寒止痛、降湿热、清肝火为主,可治本;薏苡仁有健脾,补肺,清热,利湿的功能与党参、生蒲黄、木通、莱菔子、荔枝核为佐药;青皮有疏肝破气,散结消痰的功能与余下诸药为使药,是治标。
本发明药物具有散瘀血、理气、散寒止痛、降湿热、清热、疏肝破气的功能,用于治疗疝气,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治疝气门诊患者共31例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为:腹股沟或阴囊部肿块,可回纳,牵引痛等。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:疝气症状消失,恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者腹股沟或阴囊部肿块,可回纳,牵引痛的现象减轻,疝气症状明显好转,逐步恢复正常;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗疝气患者31例,结果显效23例,显效率为74.19%,好转7例,好转率为22.58%,无效1例,总有效率为96.77%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗疝气的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
山楂20-30克、橘核10-20克、小茴香10-20克、川楝子10-15克、柴胡5-15克、延胡索10-15克、乌梅5-15克、全蝎5-10克、五灵脂10-20克、丝瓜络5-15克、薏苡仁10-15克、党参10-20克、生蒲黄10-15克、木通5-15克、莱菔子10-15克、荔枝核15-20克、青皮10-20克、木香5-10克、泽泻10-15克、土茯苓10-20克、桂枝10-15克、附子5-10克、猪苓10-20克、枳实10-20克、白术5-15克、当归10-15克、葫芦巴10-20克、苍术5-15克、血余炭5-15克、三棱5-10克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
山楂25克、橘核15克、小茴香15克、川楝子12克、柴胡10克、延胡索12克、乌梅10克、全蝎8克、五灵脂15克、丝瓜络10克、薏苡仁12克、党参15克、生蒲黄12克、木通10克、莱菔子12克、荔枝核18克、青皮15克、木香8克、泽泻12克、土茯苓15克、桂枝12克、附子8克、猪苓15克、枳实15克、白术10克、当归12克、葫芦巴15克、苍术10克、血余炭10克、三棱8克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
(2)橘核:筛去灰屑,拣净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(3)小茴香:取原药材,除去杂质;
(4)川楝子:拣去杂质,洗净,烘干,轧碎或劈成两半;
(5)柴胡:取原药材,除去残茎,杂质,洗净,润软,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(6)延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
(7)乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
(8)全蝎:清水漂去盐质,晒干,或微火焙用;
(9)五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
(10)丝瓜络:洗净晒干,切段;
(11)薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
(12)党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
(13)生蒲黄:揉碎结块,过筛,除去杂质;
(14)木通:用水稍浸泡,闷润至透,切片,晾干;
(15)莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
(16)荔枝核:取原药材,除去杂质,用时捣碎;
(17)青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(18)木香:将原生药放清水内洗净,捞出,闷润12—24小时使软,切片,晒干;
(19)泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
(20)土茯苓:用水浸漂,夏季每日换水1次,春、秋每2日换水1次,冬季可3日换水1次,防止发臭,以泡透为止,捞出切片,及时干燥;
(21)桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
(22)附子:用水浸泡,捞出,切片,晾干;
(23)猪苓:洗净泥砂,润软切片,晾干;
(24)枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
(25)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(26)当归:拣去杂质,洗净,闷润,稍晾,切片晒干;
(27)葫芦巴:拣去杂质,用水洗净,晒干;
(28)苍术:拣去杂质,用水泡至七、八成透,捞出,润透后切片,晒干;
(29)血余炭:取头发,除去杂质,碱水洗去油垢,清水漂净,晒干,炯煅成炭,放凉;
(30)三棱:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切片,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的山楂、橘核、小茴香、川楝子、柴胡、延胡索、乌梅、全蝎、五灵脂、丝瓜络、薏苡仁、党参、生蒲黄、木通、莱菔子、荔枝核、青皮、木香、泽泻、土茯苓、桂枝、附子、猪苓、枳实、白术、当归、葫芦巴、苍术、血余炭、三棱放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
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