CN106692842A - 一种治疗腹股沟疝气的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种治疗腹股沟疝气的药物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106692842A
CN106692842A CN201611113578.3A CN201611113578A CN106692842A CN 106692842 A CN106692842 A CN 106692842A CN 201611113578 A CN201611113578 A CN 201611113578A CN 106692842 A CN106692842 A CN 106692842A
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张云侠
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种治疗腹股沟疝气的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由山楂、土茯苓、高良姜、青皮、川楝子、小茴香、泽泻、三棱、枳实、黄芪、陈皮、桂枝、延胡索、乌梅、莱菔子、党参、甘草、薏苡仁、升麻、丝瓜络、香附按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有祛风散寒,补中益气,理气健脾,行气止痛的功能,用于治疗腹股沟疝气见效快、疗效好,不复发。

Description

一种治疗腹股沟疝气的药物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗腹股沟疝气的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
腹股沟疝气是是指腹腔内脏器通过腹股沟区的缺损向体表突出所形成的疝,俗称“疝气”。根据疝环与腹壁下动脉的关系,腹股沟疝分为腹股沟斜疝和腹股沟直疝两种。中医则认为腹股沟疝气与肝气郁结,寒凝经脉有关。由于西药治疗副作用大,因此人们对有效治疗腹股沟疝气的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人依据中医理论的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗腹股沟疝气的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种有效治疗腹股沟疝气的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择山楂、土茯苓、高良姜、青皮、川楝子、小茴香、泽泻、三棱、枳实、黄芪、陈皮、桂枝、延胡索、乌梅、莱菔子、党参、甘草、薏苡仁、升麻、丝瓜络、南沙参、白术、橘核、五灵脂、肉桂、五味子、桃仁、香附、金银花、猪苓、木通进行组合制备的,将这些药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗腹股沟疝气。其中,选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘,微温,入脾、胃、肝经,有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,治肉积,癥瘕,痰饮,痞满,吞酸,泻痢,肠风,腰痛,疝气,产后儿枕痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞。选用土茯苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入肝、胃经,有解毒,除湿,利关节的功能,治梅毒,淋浊,筋骨挛痛,脚气,疔疮,痈肿,瘰疬。选用高良姜是因为其性味辛温,入脾,胃经,有温胃,祛风,散寒,行气,止痛的功能,治脾胃中寒,脘腹冷痛,呕吐泄泻,噎膈反胃,食滞,瘴疟,冷癖。选用青皮是因为其性味苦辛,微温,入肝、胆经,有疏肝破气,散结消痰的功能,治胸胁胃脘疼痛,疝气,食积,乳肿,乳核,久疟癖块。选用川楝子是因为其性味苦,寒,有毒,入肝、胃、小肠经,有降湿热,清肝火,止痛,杀虫的功能,治热厥心痛,胁痛,疝痛,虫积腹痛。选用小茴香是因为其性味辛,温,归肝、肾、脾、胃经,有散寒止痛,理气和胃的功能,治寒疝腹痛,睾丸偏坠,痛经,少腹冷痛,脘腹胀满,食少吐泻,睾丸鞘膜积液。选用泽泻是因为其性味甘,寒,入膀胱经,有利水,渗湿,泄热的功能,治小便不利,水肿肛满,呕吐,泻痢,痰饮,脚气,淋病,尿血。选用三棱是因为其性味苦辛,平,入肝、脾经,有破血,行气,消积,止痛的功。选用枳实是因为其性味苦,寒,入脾、胃经,有破气,散痞,泻痰,消积的功能,治胸腹胀痛,胸痹,痞痛,痰癖,水肿,食积,便秘,胃下垂,子宫下垂,脱肛。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛,温,归肺、脾经,有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,治胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。选用桂枝是因为其性味辛甘,温,入膀胱、心、肺经,有发汗解肌,温经通脉的功能,治风寒表证,肩背肢节酸疼,胸痹痰饮,经闭癥瘕。选用延胡索是因为其性味辛苦,温,入肝、胃经,有活血,散瘀,理气,止痛的功能,治心腹腰膝诸痛,月经不调,癥瘕,崩中,产后血晕,恶露不尽,跌打损伤。选用乌梅是因为其性味酸,温,入肝,脾,肺,大肠经,有收敛生津,安蛔驱虫的功能,治久咳,虚热烦渴,久疟,痢疾,便血,尿血,血崩,蛔厥腹痛,呕吐,钩虫病,牛皮癣,胬肉。选用莱菔子是因为其性味辛甘,平,入肺、胃经,有下气定喘,消食化痰的功能,治咳嗽痰喘,食积气滞,胸闷腹胀,下痢后重。选用党参是因为其性味甘,平,入手、足太阴经气分,有补中益气,生津的功能,治脾胃虚弱,气血两亏,体倦无力,食少,口渴,久泻,脱肛。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,入脾、胃、肺经,有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽,心悸,惊痈,生用治咽喉肿痛,消化性溃疡,痈疽疮疡,解药毒及食物中毒。选用薏苡仁是因为其性味甘淡,凉,入脾、肺、肾经,有健脾,补肺,清热,利湿的功能,治泄泻,湿痹,筋脉拘挛,屈伸不利,水肿,脚气,肺痿,肺痈,肠痈,淋浊,白带。选用升麻是因为其性味甘辛微苦,凉,入肺、脾、胃经,有升阳,发表,透疹,解毒的功能,治时气疫劳,头痛寒热,喉痛,口疮疤,斑疹不透,中气下陷,久泻久痢,脱肛,妇女崩带,子宫下坠,痈肿疮毒。选用丝瓜络是因为其性味甘,平,有通经活络,清热化痰的功能,治胸胁疼痛,腹痛,腰痛,睾丸肿痛,肺热痰咳,妇女经闭,乳汁不通,痈肿,痔漏。选用南沙参是因为其性味甘微苦,凉,入肺、肝经,有养阴清肺,祛痰止咳的功能,治肺热燥咳,虚痨久咳,阴伤咽干喉痛。选用白术是因为其性味苦甘,温,入脾、胃经,有补脾,益胃,燥湿,和中的功能,治脾胃气弱,不思饮食,倦怠少气,虚胀,泄泻,痰饮,水肿,黄疸,湿痹,小便不利,头晕,自汗,胎气不安。选用橘核是因为其性味苦,平,无毒,入肝、肾经,有理气,止痛的功能,治疝气,睾丸肿痛,乳痈,腰痛,膀胱气痛。选用五灵脂是因为其性味苦甘,温,入肝、脾经,生用有行血止痛的功能,治心腹血气诸痛,妇女经闭,产后瘀血作痛;外治蛇、蝎、蜈蚣咬伤,炒用止血,治妇女血崩,经水过多,赤带不绝。选用肉桂是因为其性味辛甘,热,入肾、脾、膀胱经,有补元阳,暖脾胃,除积冷,通血脉的功能,治命门火衰,肢冷脉微,亡阳虚脱,腹痛泄泻,寒疝奔豚,腰膝冷痛,经闭癥瘕,阴疽,流注,及虚阳浮越,上热下寒。选用五味子是因为其性味酸,温,入肺、肾经,有敛肺,滋肾,生津,收汗,涩精的功能,治肺虚喘咳,口干作渴,自汗,盗汗,劳伤羸瘦,梦遗滑精,久泻久痢。选用桃仁是因为其性味苦甘,平,入心、肝、大肠经,有破血行瘀,润燥滑经的功能,治经闭,癥瘕,热病蓄血,血痹,疟疾,跌打损伤,瘀血肿痛,血燥便秘。选用香附是因为其性味辛微苦干,平,入肝、三焦经,有理气解郁,止痛调经的功能,治肝胃不和,气郁不舒,胸腹胁肋胀痛,痰饮痞满,月经不调,崩漏带下。选用金银花是因为其性味甘,寒,入肺、胃经,有清热,解毒的功能,治温病发热,热毒血痢,痈疡,肿毒,瘰疬,痔漏。选用猪苓是因为其性味甘淡,平,入脾、肾、膀胱经,有利尿渗湿的功能,治小便不利,水肿胀满,脚气,泄泻,淋、浊,带下。选用木通是因为其性味苦,凉,入心、小肠、膀胱经,有泻火行水,通利血脉的功能,治小便赤涩,淋浊,水肿,胸中烦热,喉痹咽痛,遍身拘痛,妇女经闭,乳汁不通。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
山楂10-20克,土茯苓10-15克,高良姜10-15克,青皮5-15克,川楝子3-9克,小茴香10-15克,泽泻5-15克,三棱10-20克,枳实10-20克,黄芪5-15克,陈皮5-15克,桂枝5-10克,延胡索5-15克,乌梅5-15克,莱菔子10-20克,党参5-15克,甘草10-20克,薏苡仁15-25克,升麻5-15克,丝瓜络10-20克,南沙参10-20克,白术5-15克,橘核10-20克,五灵脂7-12克,肉桂5-10克,五味子5-10克,桃仁10-20克,香附7-12克,金银花5-15克,猪苓5-15克,木通10-20克。
优选为
山楂15克,土茯苓12克,高良姜12克,青皮10克,川楝子6克,小茴香12克,泽泻10克,三棱15克,枳实15克,黄芪10克,陈皮10克,桂枝8克,延胡索10克,乌梅10克,莱菔子15克,党参10克,甘草15克,薏苡仁20克,升麻10克,丝瓜络15克,南沙参15克,白术10克,橘核15克,五灵脂9克,肉桂8克,五味子8克,桃仁15克,香附9克,金银花10克,猪苓10克,木通15克。
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
2、土茯苓:用水浸漂,夏季每日换水1次,春、秋每2日换水1次,冬季可3日换水1次,防止发臭,以泡透为止,捞出切片,及时干燥;
3、高良姜:拣净杂质,水洗,稍浸,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
4、青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
5、川楝子:拣去杂质,洗净,烘干,轧碎或劈成两半;
6、小茴香:取原药材,除去杂质;
7、泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
8、三棱:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切片,晒干;
9、枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
10、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
11、陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
12、桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
13、延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
14、乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
15、莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
16、党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
17、甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
18、薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
19、升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
20、丝瓜络:洗净晒干,切段;
21、南沙参:拣净杂质,去芦,用水洗净,略润,切片,筛净晒干;
22、白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
23、橘核:筛去灰屑,拣净杂质,洗净,晒干;
24、五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
25、肉桂:拣净杂质,刮去粗皮,用时打碎,或刮去粗皮,用温开水浸润片刻,切片,晾干;
26、五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
27、桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
28、香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
29、金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
30、猪苓:洗净泥砂,润软切片,晾干;
31、木通:用水稍浸泡,闷润至透,切片,晒干。
二、制备
1、将炮制后的山楂、土茯苓、高良姜、青皮、川楝子、小茴香、泽泻、三棱、枳实、黄芪、陈皮、桂枝、延胡索、乌梅、莱菔子、党参、甘草、薏苡仁、升麻、丝瓜络、南沙参、白术、橘核、五灵脂、肉桂、五味子、桃仁、香附、金银花、猪苓、木通放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
2、将过滤的药渣加6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
组方中高良姜有温胃,祛风,散寒,行气,止痛的功能为君药;陈皮理气健脾,燥湿化痰;党参有补中益气,生津的功能,二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥理气健脾,温胃,祛风,散寒,行气,止痛,补中益气,生津的作用,治疗腹股沟疝气效力全面,且以祛风散寒,补中益气,理气健脾,行气止痛为主可治本,小茴香有散寒止痛,理气和胃的功能为佐药,香附有理气解郁,止痛调经,治肝胃不和,气郁不舒,胸腹胁肋胀痛的功能为使药,与余下诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有祛风散寒,补中益气,理气健脾,行气止痛的功能,用于治疗腹股沟疝气,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发。
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5kg,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。超常量组为20ml/kg,正常量为10ml/kg,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治腹股沟疝气门诊患者共33例。
2、诊断标准
典型症状为腹股沟区出现一个可复性肿块,开始肿块较小,仅在患者站立、劳动、行走、跑步、剧咳时出现,平卧或用手压时肿块可自行回纳、消失。一般无特殊不适,仅偶尔伴局部胀痛和牵涉痛等症状。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,7天为一个疗程,连续服用3个疗程。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:腹股沟疝气症状消失,体质恢复正常,痊愈;
好转:患者腹股沟处胀痛和牵扯痛的症状减轻,腹股沟疝气症状明显好转,体质逐步恢复;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗腹股沟疝气患者33例,结果显效28例,显效率为84.85%,好转4例,好转率为12.12%,无效1例,总有效率为96.97%。

Claims (3)

1.一种治疗腹股沟疝气的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列重量范围内的原料药制成:
山楂10-20克,土茯苓10-15克,高良姜10-15克,青皮5-15克,川楝子3-9克,小茴香10-15克,泽泻5-15克,三棱10-20克,枳实10-20克,黄芪5-15克,陈皮5-15克,桂枝5-10克,延胡索5-15克,乌梅5-15克,莱菔子10-20克,党参5-15克,甘草10-20克,薏苡仁15-25克,升麻5-15克,丝瓜络10-20克,南沙参10-20克,白术5-15克,橘核10-20克,五灵脂7-12克,肉桂5-10克,五味子5-10克,桃仁10-20克,香附7-12克,金银花5-15克,猪苓5-15克,木通10-20克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
山楂15克,土茯苓12克,高良姜12克,青皮10克,川楝子6克,小茴香12克,泽泻10克,三棱15克,枳实15克,黄芪10克,陈皮10克,桂枝8克,延胡索10克,乌梅10克,莱菔子15克,党参10克,甘草15克,薏苡仁20克,升麻10克,丝瓜络15克,南沙参15克,白术10克,橘核15克,五灵脂9克,肉桂8克,五味子8克,桃仁15克,香附9克,金银花10克,猪苓10克,木通15克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)山楂:拣净杂质,筛去核;
(2)土茯苓:用水浸漂,夏季每日换水1次,春、秋每2日换水1次,冬季可3日换水1次,防止发臭,以泡透为止,捞出切片,及时干燥;
(3)高良姜:拣净杂质,水洗,稍浸,捞出,润透,切片,晾干;
(4)青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(5)川楝子:拣去杂质,洗净,烘干,轧碎或劈成两半;
(6)小茴香:取原药材,除去杂质;
(7)泽泻:拣去杂质,大小分档,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒凉,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
(8)三棱:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出润透,切片,晒干;
(9)枳实:拣净杂质,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,润至内无硬心,切片,晾干;
(10)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大者,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(11)陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
(12)桂枝:用水稍浸泡,捞出,闷润至透,切片,晾干,筛去屑;
(13)延胡索:拣去杂质,用水浸泡,洗净,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片或打碎;
(14)乌梅:拣净杂质,筛去灰屑,洗净,晒干;
(15)莱菔子:簸去杂质,漂净泥土,捞出,晒干,用时捣碎;
(16)党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
(17)甘草:拣去杂质,洗净,用水浸泡至八成透时,捞出,润透,切片,凉干;
(18)薏苡仁:取原药材,除去残留皮壳、杂质;
(19)升麻:拣去杂质,略泡洗净,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(20)丝瓜络:洗净晒干,切段;
(21)南沙参:拣净杂质,去芦,用水洗净,略润,切片,筛净晒干;
(22)白术:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,泡后捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(23)橘核:筛去灰屑,拣净杂质,洗净,晒干;
(24)五灵脂:拣净杂质,打碎或筛去灰屑;
(25)肉桂:拣净杂质,刮去粗皮,用时打碎,或刮去粗皮,用温开水浸润片刻,切片,晾干;
(26)五味子:筛去灰屑,除去杂质,置蒸笼内蒸透,取出晒干;
(27)桃仁:除去硬壳杂质,置沸水锅中煮至外皮微皱,捞出,浸入凉水中,搓去种皮,晒干,簸净;
(28)香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
(29)金银花:筛去泥沙,拣净杂质;
(30)猪苓:洗净泥砂,润软切片,晾干;
(31)木通:用水稍浸泡,闷润至透,切片,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将炮制后的山楂、土茯苓、高良姜、青皮、川楝子、小茴香、泽泻、三棱、枳实、黄芪、陈皮、桂枝、延胡索、乌梅、莱菔子、党参、甘草、薏苡仁、升麻、丝瓜络、南沙参、白术、橘核、五灵脂、肉桂、五味子、桃仁、香附、金银花、猪苓、木通放入煎药容器内,加水8倍量,浸泡100分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟,过滤得第二次煎煮液;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀,分为4剂服用。
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