CN105362913A - 一种治疗呃逆的药物及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗呃逆的药物及其制备方法,其主要是由代赭石,石决明、枳壳,甘草,半夏,青皮,陈皮,白芍,党参,香附,生地黄,天门冬等按一定重量配比制备而成,本发明药物具有燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,润肺解读的功能,用于治疗呃逆见效快,疗效好,无副作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种治疗呃逆的药物及其制备方法,属中药领域。
背景技术
呃逆即打嗝,是一个生理上常见的现象。指气从胃中上逆,喉间频频作声,声音急而短促。是一个生理上常见的现象,由横膈膜痉挛收缩引起的。健康人也可发生一次性呃逆,多与饮食有关,特别是饮食过快、过饱,摄入很热或冷的食物饮料、饮酒等,外界温度变化和过度吸烟亦可引起。由于西药无法有效快速治疗呃逆,因此人们对有效治疗呃逆的中药药物存在极大的需求,至今为止,还没有发现关于本发明的有关报道。
发明内容
本发明人经过反复的研究和临床试验的反复验证,终于找到了有效治疗呃逆的药物,从而完成了本发明。
本发明的目的就是提供一种更有效的治疗呃逆的中药组合药物。
本发明的另一目的就是提供了该中药组合药物的制备方法。
本发明药物是选择旋复花,代赭石,石决明、枳壳,甘草,半夏,青皮,陈皮,白芍,党参,香附,生地黄,天门冬,麦冬,玉竹,柿蒂,竹茹,牛膝,柴胡,大黄、厚朴,吴茱萸,黄芪,丁香,神曲,山楂,麦芽,砂仁,钩藤,枇杷叶进行组合制备的,将这些原料药物组合使得各药物功效产生协同作用,从而能够有效治疗呃逆。其中,选用旋复花是因为其性味咸,温,入肺、肝、胃经,有消痰,下气,软坚,行水的功能,治胸中痰结,胁下胀满,咳喘,呃逆,唾如胶漆,心下痞硬,噫气不除,大腹水肿。选用代赭石是因为其性味苦甘,平,入肝、胃、心胞经,有平肝镇逆,凉血止血的功能,治噫气呕逆,噎膈反胃,哮喘,惊癎,吐血,鼻衄,肠风,痔痿,崩漏带下。选用石决明是因为其性味咸,平,入肝、肾经,有平肝潜阳,除热,明目的功能,治风阳上扰,头痛眩晕,惊搐,骨蒸劳热,青盲内障。选用枳壳是因为其性味苦辛、凉。入肺、脾、大肠经。破气,行痰,消积。治胸膈痰滞,胸痞,胁胀,食积,噫气,呕逆,下痢后重,脱肛,子宫脱垂。选用甘草是因为其性味甘平,归脾、胃肺经,有润肺,解毒的功能,炙用治脾胃虚弱,食少,腹痛,便溏,劳倦发热,肺痿咳嗽。选用半夏是因为其性味辛,温,有毒,入脾、胃经,有燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,消痞散结的功能,治湿痰冷饮,呕吐,反胃,咳喘痰多,胸膈胀满,痰厥头痛,头晕不眠,外消痈肿。选用青皮是因为其性味苦辛,微温,入肝、胆经,有疏肝破气,散结消痰的功能,治胸胁胃脘疼痛,疝气,食积,乳肿,乳核,久疟癖块。选用陈皮是因为其性味苦、辛,温,归肺、脾经,有理气健脾,燥湿化痰的功能,治胸脘胀满,食少吐泻,咳嗽痰多。选用白芍是因为其性味苦酸,凉,入肝、脾经,有养血柔肝,缓中止痛,敛阴收汗的功能,治胸腹胁肋疼痛,泻痢腹痛,自汗盗汗,阴虚发热,月经不调,崩漏,带下。选用党参是因为其性味甘,平,入手、足太阴经气分,有补中益气,生津的功能,治脾胃虚弱,气血两亏,体倦无力,食少,口渴,久泻,脱肛。选用香附是因为其性味辛微苦干,平,入肝、三焦经,有理气解郁,止痛调经的功能,治肝胃不和,气郁不舒,胸腹胁肋胀痛,痰饮痞满,月经不调,崩漏带下。选用生地黄是因为其性味甘,寒,归心、肝、肾经,有清热凉血,养阴,生津的功能,治热病烦渴,阴虚内热,骨蒸劳热,内热消渴,吐血,衄血,发斑发疹。选用天门冬是因为其性味甘苦,寒,入肺、肾经,有滋阴,润燥,清肺,降火的功能,治阴虚发热,咳嗽吐血,肺痿,肺痈,咽喉肿痛,消渴,便秘。选用麦冬是因为其性味甘微苦,寒,入肺、胃、心经,有养阴润肺,清心除烦,益胃生津的功能,治肺燥干咳,吐血,咯血,肺痿,肺痈,虚劳烦热,清渴,热病津伤,咽干口燥,便秘。选用玉竹是因为其性味甘,平,入肺,胃经,有养阴,润燥,除烦,止渴的功能,治热病阳伤,咳嗽,烦渴,虚劳发热,消谷易饥,小便频数。选用柿蒂是因为其性味苦涩,平,入手太阴肺经,有降逆气的功能,止呃忒、呕哕。选用竹茹是因为其性味甘,凉,入胃、胆经,有清热,凉血,化痰,止吐的功能,治烦热呕吐、呃逆,痰热咳喘,吐血,衄血,崩漏,恶阻,胎动,惊癎。选用牛膝是因为其性味甘苦酸,平,入肝、肾经,生用散瘀血,消痈肿的功能,治淋病,尿血,经闭,癥瘕,难产,胞衣不下,产后瘀血腹痛,喉痹,痈肿,跌打损伤,熟用补肝肾,强筋骨,治腰膝骨痛,四肢拘挛,痿痹。选用柴胡是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、胆经,有和解表里,疏肝,升阳的功能,治寒热往来,胸满胁痛,口苦耳聋,头痛目眩,疟疾,下利脱肛,月经不调,子宫下垂。选用大黄是因为其性味苦、寒,入胃、大肠、肝径,有泻热毒,破积滞,行瘀血的功能,治实热便秘,谵语发狂,食积痞满,痢疾初起,里急后重,瘀停经闭,癥瘕积聚,时行热疫,暴眼赤痛,吐血,衄血,阳黄,水肿,淋浊,溲赤,痈疡肿毒,疔疮,汤火伤。选用厚朴是因为其性味苦辛,温,入脾、胃、大肠经,有温中,下气,燥湿,消痰的功能,治胸腹痞满胀痛,反胃、呕吐,宿食不消,痰饮喘咳,寒湿泻痢。选用吴茱萸是因为其性味辛苦,温,有毒,入肝、胃经,有温中,止痛,理气,燥湿的功能,治呕逆吞酸,厥阴头痛,脏寒吐泻,脘腹胀痛,脚气,疝气,口疮溃疡,齿痛,湿疹,黄水疮。选用黄芪是因为其性味甘,微温,入肺、脾经,生用有益卫固表,利水消肿,托毒,生肌的功能,治自汗,盗汗,血痹,浮肿,痈疽不溃或溃久敛;炙用有补中益气的功能,治内伤劳倦,脾虚泄泻,脱肛,气虚血脱,崩带及一切气衰血虚之症。选用丁香是因为其性味辛,温,入胃、脾、肾经,有温中,暖肾,降逆的功能,治呃逆,呕吐,反胃,泻痢,心腹冷痛,痃癖,疝气,癣疾。选用神曲是因为其性味甘辛,温,入碑、胃经,有健脾和胃,消食调中的功能,治饮食停滞,胸痞腹胀,呕吐泻痢,产后瘀血腹痛,小儿腹大坚积。选用山楂是因为其性味酸甘,微温,入脾、胃、肝经,有消食积,散瘀血,驱绦虫的功能,治肉积,癥瘕,痰饮,痞满,吞酸,泻痢,肠风,腰痛,疝气,产后儿枕痛,恶露不尽,小儿乳食停滞。选用麦芽是因为其性味甘,微温,入脾、胃经,有消食,和中,下气的功能,治食积不消,胀腹胀满,食欲不振,呕吐泄泻,乳胀不消。选用砂仁是因为其性味辛,温,入脾、胃经,有行气调中,和胃、醒脾的功能,治腹痛痞胀,胃呆食滞,噎隔呕吐,寒泻冷痢,妊娠胎动。选用钩藤是因为其性味苦,凉,入肝、心经,有清热平肝,熄风定惊的功能,治小儿惊癎瘈瘲,大人血压偏高,头晕、目眩,妇人子癎。选用枇杷叶是因为其性味苦,凉,归肺、胃经,有清肺和胃,降气化痰,治肺热痰嗽,咳血,衄血,胃热呕哕。
具体实施方式
本发明组分的药物用量也是发明人经过大量摸索总结得出的,各组分的用量在下述重量范围内都具有较好的疗效:
旋复花8-10克,代赭石15-20克,石决明15-25克,枳壳15-25克,甘草8-10克,半夏8-10克,青皮5-15克,陈皮5-15克,白芍15-20克,党参15-20克,香附5-10克,生地黄5-10克,天门冬5-10克,麦冬5-10克,玉竹10-15克,柿蒂8-12克、竹茹8-12克、牛膝8-12克,柴胡5-8克,大黄5-8克、厚朴5-8克,吴茱萸5-10克,黄芪10-15克,丁香8-12克,神曲8-10克,山楂8-12克,麦芽8-12克,砂仁5-9克,钩藤8-12克,枇杷叶8-12克
优选为:
旋复花10克,代赭石20克,石决明20克,枳壳20克,甘草9克,半夏9克,青皮10克,陈皮10克,白芍20克,党参15克,香附10克,生地黄10克,天门冬8克,麦冬10克,玉竹12克,柿蒂9克、竹茹9克、牛膝9克,柴胡6克,大黄6克、厚朴6克,吴茱萸8克,黄芪15克,丁香10克,神曲10克,山楂10克,麦芽10克,砂仁6克,钩藤9克,枇杷叶9克
本发明药物的制备方法如下
一、备料
1、旋复花:拣净杂质,除去梗叶,筛去泥土;
2、代赭石:除去杂质,砸碎,过筛;
3、石决明:洗净晾干,敲成碎块;
4、枳壳:取麸皮撒于热锅内,俟色黄冒烟时,加入枳壳片,炒至淡黄色,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉,每枳壳片100斤,用麸皮10斤;
5、甘草:取甘草片加炼熟蜂蜜与开水少许,拌匀,稍闷,置锅内用文火炒至变为深黄色,不粘手为止,取出放凉,每甘草100斤,用炼蜜25-30斤;
6、半夏:取拣净的半夏,用凉水浸漂,避免日晒,浸泡至口尝稍有麻辣感后,加白矾与水共煮透,取出,晾至六成干,闷润后切片,晾干,每半夏100斤,用白矾12斤8两,夏季用14斤8两;
7、青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
8、陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
9、白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
10、党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
11、香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
12、生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
13、天门冬:拣去杂质,水洗净,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切段、干燥;
14、麦冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
15、玉竹:除去杂质,洗净泥土,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
16、柿蒂:取原药材,除去杂质;
17、竹茹:除去硬竹签、杂质,抖掉灰屑,揉成小团或切段
18、牛膝:拣去杂质,洗净,润软,去芦,切段,晒干;
19、柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
20、大黄:拣净杂质,大小分档,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成小块、晒干;
21、厚朴:用水浸泡捞出,润透后刮去粗皮,洗净,切丝,晾干;
22、吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
23、黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
24、丁香:找去杂质、花梗,筛去灰屑,用时捣碎;
25、神曲:取麸皮撒匀于热锅内,俟起烟,将神曲倒入,炒至黄色,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉;
26、山楂:取拣净的山楂,置锅内用武火炒至外面焦褐色,内部黄褐色为止,喷淋清水,取出,晒干;
27、麦芽:取麦芽置锅内微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
28、砂仁:拣去杂质及果壳,捣碎;
29、钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
30、枇杷叶:刷去绒毛,用水洗净,稍润,切丝,晒干;
二、制备
1、将所述重量的旋复花,代赭石,石决明、枳壳,甘草,半夏,青皮,陈皮,白芍,党参,香附,生地黄,天门冬,麦冬,玉竹,柿蒂,竹茹,牛膝,柴胡,大黄、厚朴,吴茱萸,黄芪,丁香,神曲,山楂,麦芽,砂仁,钩藤,枇杷叶放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡80分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮30分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内。
2、将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,先用武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟过滤,将第二次煎煮液倒入容器内。
3、将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分成4剂服用。
组方中代赭石平肝镇逆,凉血止血为君药;半夏燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,柿蒂降逆气,止呃忒、呕哕。二者为臣药,三味药共同发挥降逆止呕,平肝凉血的作用,且以平肝镇逆,降逆止呕为主,治疗呃逆效力全面可治本;吴茱萸温中,止痛,理气为佐药;甘草有和中缓急,润肺,解毒,调和诸药的功能,与下余诸药是治标。
本发明药物具有理燥湿化痰,降逆止呕,润肺解读的功能,用于治疗呃逆,疗程短、见效快、治愈后不复发、无毒副作用。
具体实施方式:
以下通过试验例来进一步阐述本发明所述药物的有益效果,这些试验例包括本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告和临床疗效观察资料。
[试验例1]本发明药物的动物毒性试验报告:
取家兔30只,雌雄兼用,体重2.0—2.5k克,分两组,每组15只,其中一组为超剂量试验组,另一组为正常量试验组。服用混合液超常量组为20ml/k克,正常量为10ml/k克,给药方式为灌胃法给药,每天两次,连服7天,每天观察给药反应,结果表明二组家兔活动、饮食正常,药物无不良毒副作用。
[试验例2]本发明药物的临床疗效观察
1、一般资料
收治呃逆门诊患者共45例。
2、诊断标准
呃逆俗称“打嗝”,也有称“哕”或咳逆,是由于多种原因引起的气逆上冲,发生喉间声响,结嗝不止,令人难以自制的一种症状,有几分钟或半小时一次,亦有连续呃7-8声始停的,最严重的可连续逆几天,十几天,甚至几个月而不能自信。
3、治疗方法
选用上述药剂,给患者服用,每次服用1剂,每天早、晚各服1次,连服7天。
4、疗效评定标准
显效:呃逆症状消失,痊愈;
好转:次数减少,由原来的连呃7-8声,降为1-2声,呃逆症状明显好转;
无效:达不到好转标准者。
5、治疗结果(见下表)
在上述治疗中,用本发明药物治疗呃逆患者45例,结果显效43例,显效率为95.56%,好转1例,好转率为2.22%,无效1例,总有效率为97.78%。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗呃逆的药物,其特征在于:它是由下列用量范围内的原料药制成:
旋复花8-10克,代赭石15-20克,石决明15-25克,枳壳15-25克,甘草8-10克,半夏8-10克,青皮5-15克,陈皮5-15克,白芍15-20克,党参15-20克,香附5-10克,生地黄5-10克,天门冬5-10克,麦冬5-10克,玉竹10-15克,柿蒂8-12克、竹茹8-12克、牛膝8-12克,柴胡5-8克,大黄5-8克、厚朴5-8克,吴茱萸5-10克,黄芪10-15克,丁香8-12克,神曲8-10克,山楂8-12克,麦芽8-12克,砂仁5-9克,钩藤8-12克,枇杷叶8-12克。
2.根据权利要求1所述的药物,其中各原料药的用量为:
旋复花10克,代赭石20克,石决明20克,枳壳20克,甘草9克,半夏9克,青皮10克,陈皮10克,白芍20克,党参15克,香附10克,生地黄10克,天门冬8克,麦冬10克,玉竹12克,柿蒂9克、竹茹9克、牛膝9克,柴胡6克,大黄6克、厚朴6克,吴茱萸8克,黄芪15克,丁香10克,神曲10克,山楂10克,麦芽10克,砂仁6克,钩藤9克,枇杷叶9克。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述药物的制备方法,它包括下列步骤:
(一)备料
(1)旋复花:拣净杂质,除去梗叶,筛去泥土;
(2)代赭石:除去杂质,砸碎,过筛;
(3)石决明:洗净晾干,敲成碎块;
(4)枳壳:取麸皮撒于热锅内,俟色黄冒烟时,加入枳壳片,炒至淡黄色,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉,每枳壳片100斤,用麸皮10斤;
(5)甘草:取甘草片加炼熟蜂蜜与开水少许,拌匀,稍闷,置锅内用文火炒至变为深黄色,不粘手为止,取出放凉,每甘草100斤,用炼蜜25-30斤;
(6)半夏:取拣净的半夏,用凉水浸漂,避免日晒,浸泡至口尝稍有麻辣感后,加白矾与水共煮透,取出,晾至六成干,闷润后切片,晾干,每半夏100斤,用白矾12斤8两,夏季用14斤8两;
(7)青皮:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透,切片,晒干;
(8)陈皮:取原药材,除去杂质及变黑的果皮,抢水洗净,润软,切丝,晒干或低温干燥,筛去灰屑;
(9)白芍:拣去杂质,分开大小个,用水浸泡至八成透,捞出,晒晾,润至内外湿度均匀,切片,干燥;
(10)党参:洗净泥沙后润透去芦,切片或切段,晒干;
(11)香附:拣去杂质,碾成碎粒,簸去细毛及细末;
(12)生地黄:取原药材,除去杂质,洗净,稍润,切厚片,干燥,筛去碎屑;
(13)天门冬:拣去杂质,水洗净,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切段、干燥;
(14)麦冬:拣净杂质,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后抽去心,再洗净晒干;
(15)玉竹:除去杂质,洗净泥土,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片,晒干;
(16)柿蒂:取原药材,除去杂质;
(17)竹茹:除去硬竹签、杂质,抖掉灰屑,揉成小团或切段
(18)牛膝:拣去杂质,洗净,润软,去芦,切段,晒干;
(19)柴胡:拣去杂质,除去残茎,洗净泥沙,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(20)大黄:拣净杂质,大小分档,闷润至内外湿度均匀,切片或切成小块、晒干;
(21)厚朴:用水浸泡捞出,润透后刮去粗皮,洗净,切丝,晾干;
(22)吴茱萸:取原药材,除去果柄、枝及杂质,筛去碎屑;
(23)黄芪:拣净杂质,除去残留的根头和空心较大的根,用水浸泡,捞出,润透后及时切片,晒干;
(24)丁香:找去杂质、花梗,筛去灰屑,用时捣碎;
(25)神曲:取麸皮撒匀于热锅内,俟起烟,将神曲倒入,炒至黄色,取出,筛去麸皮,放凉;
(26)山楂:取拣净的山楂,置锅内用武火炒至外面焦褐色,内部黄褐色为止,喷淋清水,取出,晒干;
(27)麦芽:取麦芽置锅内微炒至黄色,取出放凉;
(28)砂仁:拣去杂质及果壳,捣碎;
(29)钩藤:拣去老梗、杂质,洗净,晒干;
(30)枇杷叶:刷去绒毛,用水洗净,稍润,切丝,晒干;
(二)制备
(1)将所述重量的旋复花,代赭石,石决明、枳壳,甘草,半夏,青皮,陈皮,白芍,党参,香附,生地黄,天门冬,麦冬,玉竹,柿蒂,竹茹,牛膝,柴胡,大黄、厚朴,吴茱萸,黄芪,丁香,神曲,山楂,麦芽,砂仁,钩藤,枇杷叶放入煎药容器内,第一次加水8倍量,浸泡80分钟后,武火煎煮沸腾,再用文火煎煮30分钟,过滤得第一次煎煮液,将第一次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(2)将过滤的药渣加水6倍量,先用武火煮沸,再用文火煎煮20分钟过滤,将第二次煎煮液倒入容器内;
(3)将两次煎煮液混合搅拌均匀即得,分成4剂服用。
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