CN1087743C - 制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法 - Google Patents
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- IGBDPRKNAFOOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (5-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1F IGBDPRKNAFOOGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 boric acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical group C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- CGMYPZZMSOSDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1F Chemical compound [Li]C1=CC(Br)=CC=C1F CGMYPZZMSOSDEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- AITNMTXHTIIIBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-4-fluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1 AITNMTXHTIIIBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010931 ester hydrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium amide Chemical compound [Li+].[NH2-] AFRJJFRNGGLMDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl borate Chemical group COB(OC)OC WRECIMRULFAWHA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UHBXGHADNVDXMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)N(C(C)C)CC[Li] Chemical compound C(C)(C)N(C(C)C)CC[Li] UHBXGHADNVDXMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl borate Chemical compound CCCCOB(OCCCC)OCCCC LGQXXHMEBUOXRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AJSTXXYNEIHPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl borate Chemical compound CCOB(OCC)OCC AJSTXXYNEIHPMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002728 pyrethroid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- IPWBFGUBXWMIPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-fluorobenzene Chemical class FC1=CC=CC=C1Br IPWBFGUBXWMIPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- ZGPYVJBTCRCSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-bromo-2-(5-bromo-2-fluorophenoxy)-1-fluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=C(Br)C=C1OC1=CC(Br)=CC=C1F ZGPYVJBTCRCSKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 6
- YPTHSYKJDRMAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromo-2-fluorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC(Br)=CC=C1F YPTHSYKJDRMAJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001622 2-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005103 alkyl silyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001691 aryl alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(i) cyanide Chemical compound [Cu+].N#[C-] DOBRDRYODQBAMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCIVHYBIFRUGKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Chemical compound [Li].CC1(C)CCCC(C)(C)N1 JCIVHYBIFRUGKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUMPIVVDKVMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C)(C)C1(CCCCC1)[Li] Chemical compound C(C)(C)C1(CCCCC1)[Li] QUMPIVVDKVMLRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxyethane;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCOCC DQYBDCGIPTYXML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZGWHYOHRKVNVER-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;methyl(phenyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].C[N-]C1=CC=CC=C1 ZGWHYOHRKVNVER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C41/00—Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C41/01—Preparation of ethers
- C07C41/18—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds
- C07C41/30—Preparation of ethers by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
- C07F5/025—Boronic and borinic acid compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/257—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C43/29—Ethers having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings containing halogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F3/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table
- C07F3/02—Magnesium compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
本发明揭示了制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法。5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸是合成非酯拟除虫菊酯类化合物中的有用的中间体。该化合物可以是,例如,氟烯烃,它是有用的杀虫剂。
Description
5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸是合成许多非酯拟除虫菊酯类化合物中的重要的中间体。在美国专利5,068,403和Pesticide Science,28,pp.25-34(1990)中叙述了5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸及其制备方法,这两篇文献在此引作参考。这些文献中揭示了由2,4-二溴氟苯制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸。但是2,4-二溴氟苯用于工业上生产5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸是不能完全令人满意的。
市售的2,4-二溴氟苯是一种含有百分之七十2,4-二溴氟苯和百分之三十3,4-二溴氟苯的混合物。当该混合物用于制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸时,基于总用量的产率最多只能达到70%。另外,为了得到高纯度的5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸,需要进行耗时的纯化步骤,以去除诸如3,4-二溴氟苯等杂质。避免使用2,4-二溴氟苯的方法是对现有技术而言的很大的改进。
因此本发明的一个目的是提供一种制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法,其中避免了使用2,4-二溴氟苯。本发明提供的制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法,包括在溶剂的存在下用锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解。现已发现本发明的方法比现有技术的方法更有效和高效,并且避免使用只能作为不纯的混合物购得的2,4-二溴氟苯。
其中
Ar是任选地被1-3个卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基的任何组合所取代的苯基,或是
任选地被1-3个卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基的任何组合所取代的1-或2-萘基;
R是氢,R1是环丙基,或者R和R1各为C1-C4烷基,或者R和R1与所连接的碳原子一起形成环丙基。
氢原子和氟原子对于双键的构型是互为反式的。该方法包括在溶剂的存在下用锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸,使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸氧化,生成5-溴-2-氟苯酚,使5-溴-2-氟酚与溴苯和诸如氢化钠等碱反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯基醚,使5-溴-2-氟苯基醚与镁反应,在诸如卤化亚铜、氰化亚铜或Li2CuCl4等过渡金属催化剂的存在下使得到的化合物反应生成所需的式I氟烯烃。该氟烯烃化合物在杀虫剂组合物中是有用的。
本发明以下列具体实例进行叙述:
1.制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法,该方法包括使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂;使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯;以及使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解。
2.在方案1所述的方法中,锂化步骤是在低于约0℃的温度下进行的。
3.在方案2所述的方法中,所述温度低于约-40℃。
4.在方案1所述的方法中,在锂化步骤中1-溴-4-氟苯与锂碱反应。
5.在方案4所述的方法中,锂碱是二烷基氨基化锂或环氨基化锂。
6.在方案4所述的方法中,在锂化步骤中1-溴-4-氟苯与锂碱在溶剂的存在下反应。
7.在方案6所述的方法中,溶剂是醚。
8.在方案1所述的方法中,硼酸三(C1-C6烷基)酯是硼酸三甲酯。
9.在方案1所述的方法中,5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯用有机酸或无机酸水解。
10.在方案9所述的方法中,有机酸或无机酸为含水酸。
11.制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法,该方法包括在溶剂的存在下用锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,以及使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解。
12.在方案11所述的方法中,用锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化的步骤是在低于约0℃的温度下进行的。
13.在方案12所述的方法中,所述温度低于约-40℃。
14.在方案11所述的方法中,所述锂碱是二烷基氨基化锂或环氨基化锂。
15.在方案14所述的方法中,所述锂碱是二异丙基氨基化锂。
16.在方案11所述的方法中,所述溶剂是醚。
17.在方案16所述的方法中,所述醚是四氢呋喃。
18.在方案11所述的方法中,硼酸三(C1-C6烷基)酯是硼酸三甲酯。
19.在方案11所述的方法中,5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯用含水有机酸或含水无机酸水解。
20.制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法,该方法包括在醚的存在下用选自二烷基氨基化锂和环氨基化锂的锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,以及用含水有机酸或无机酸使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解。
21.制备下式的氟烯烃化合物的方法:
其中
Ar是任选地被1-3个卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基的任何组合所取代的苯基,或是任选地被1-3个卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基的任何组合所取代的1-或2-萘基;R是氢,R1是环丙基,或者R和R1各为C1-C4烷基,或者R和R1与所连接的碳原子一起形成环丙基;以及
氢原子和氟原子对于双键的构型是互为反式的。该方法包括
在溶剂的存在下用锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,
第一步使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,
使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸,
使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸氧化,生成5-溴-2-氟苯酚,
第二步使5-溴-2-氟苯酚与溴苯和碱反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯基醚,
第三步使5-溴-2-氟苯基醚与镁反应,生成相应的溴化镁,以及
第四步在过渡金属催化剂的存在下使溴化镁与下式的化合物反应其中Ar、R和R1的定义同上,Q为OC(O)CH3或Br。
22.在方案21的方法中,在第二步中的碱为氢化钠。本方法较好的是包括在溶剂的存在下较好的是在低于约0℃,更好为低于约-40℃的温度下,用至少约一摩尔当量的锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与至少约一摩尔当量的三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,以及用至少约二摩尔当量的含水酸使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解,生成所需的5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸。反应流程如流程图I所示。
有利的是本发明的方法由于使用1-溴-4-氟苯,从而克服了与使用不纯的2,4-二溴氟苯有关的问题。由于本发明的方法中避免了使用不纯的2,4-二溴氟苯,因此与现有技术的方法相比,使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的产率更高,且纯度更高。
在本发明的方法中适用的锂碱包括仲氨基化锂碱类,如二烷基氨基化锂,环氨基化锂、芳基烷基氨基化锂和二(烷基甲硅烷基)氨基化锂和烷基锂,如正丁基锂、仲丁基锂和叔丁基锂。较好的锂碱包括二烷基氨基化锂,如二异丙基氨基化锂和异丙基环己基氨基化锂,环氨基化锂,如2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶锂,芳基烷基氨基化锂,如苯基甲基氨基化锂,以及二(烷基甲硅烷基)氨基化锂,如二(三甲基甲硅烷基)氨基化锂,更好的是二异丙基氨基化锂和2,2,6,6-四甲基哌啶锂。
本发明的方法中适用的溶剂包括不与反应混合物中存在的任何化合物发生不需要的反应的有机溶剂。较好的有机溶剂包括醚类,如四氢呋喃、乙醚、1,2-二甲氧基乙烷及其混合物,其中更好的是四氢呋喃。
较好的三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯包括硼酸三甲酯、硼酸三乙酯、硼酸三正丁酯和硼酸三异丙酯,其中更好的是硼酸三甲酯。
5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯化合物较好的是用含水有机酸(如乙酸、丙酸和丁酸)或含水无机酸(如盐酸和硫酸)进行水解。
为了易于进一步理解本发明,用下列实施例对本发明的更具体的细节进行说明。本发明的范围不限于这些实施例,而仅受权利要求书的限定。
实施例1
在-70℃用1-溴-4-氟苯(33.0ml,0.30mol)处理二异丙基氨基化锂(165ml2.0M的四氢呋喃溶液,0.33mol)在四氢呋喃(600ml)中的溶液,在-70℃搅拌90分钟,在-70℃加至硼酸三甲酯(41.0ml,0.36mol)的乙醚(300ml)溶液中。将得到的溶液在-70℃搅拌15分钟,在90分钟内加热至15℃,用乙酸(51.5ml,0.9mol)和水(375ml)处理,在室温下搅拌30分钟。分离有机层,用乙醚萃取水相。将有机萃取液与有机层合并,得到的溶液依次用10%盐酸和盐水洗涤,用无水硫酸镁干燥,真空浓缩,得到灰白色固体状的标题产物(65g,产率99%)。
其中Ar是任选地被1-3个卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基的任何组合所取代的苯基,或是任选地被1-3个卤素、C1-C4烷基、C1-C4卤代烷基、C1-C4烷氧基或C1-C4卤代烷氧基的任何组合所取代的1-或2-萘基;R是氢,R1是环丙基,或者R和R1各为C1-C4烷基,或者R和R1与所连接的碳原子一起形成环丙基;氢原子和氟原子对于双键的构型是互为反式的。
该方法包括在溶剂的存在下用锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸,使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸氧化,生成5-溴-2-氟苯酚,使5-溴-2-氟苯酚与溴苯和诸如氢化钠等碱反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯基醚,使5-溴-2-氟苯基醚与镁反应,生成式II的溴化镁,在诸如卤化亚铜、氰化亚铜或Li2CuCl4等过渡金属催化剂的存在下,使式II的溴化镁与式III的烯烃化合物反应生成所需的式I氟烯烃。该氟烯烃化合物在杀虫剂组合物中是有用的。
制备氟烯烃化合物的反应流程如流程图II所示。
流程图II(续)
Claims (12)
1.制备5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸的方法,该方法包括使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂;使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯;以及使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于锂化步骤是在低于0℃的温度下进行的。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于在锂化步骤中在溶剂的存在下使1-溴-4-氟苯与锂碱反应。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯选自硼酸三甲酯、硼酸三乙酯、硼酸三正丁酯和硼酸三异丙酯。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于温度低于-40℃。
6.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于锂碱是二烷基氨基化锂或环氨基化锂。
7.如权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于锂碱是二异丙基氨基化锂。
8.如权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于溶剂是醚。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于醚是四氢呋喃。
10.如权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于硼酸三(C1-C6烷基)酯是硼酸三甲酯。
11.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯用含水有机酸或含水无机酸水解。
12.如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于在醚的存在下用选自二烷基氨基化锂和环氨基化锂的锂碱使1-溴-4-氟苯锂化,生成(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂,使(5-溴-2-氟苯基)锂与三(C1-C6烷基)硼酸酯反应,生成5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯,以及用含水有机酸或无机酸使5-溴-2-氟苯硼酸二(C1-C6烷基)酯水解。
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