CN108766755A - 一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法 - Google Patents
一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,包括步骤:将Sm2Fe17合金粉末与造孔剂混合,置于取向磁场中旋转压制成型,得到取向的平面各向异性合金块体;在保护气氛或真空下进行烧结,保温,得到多孔平面各向异性烧结合金块体;将上述合金块体,进行氮化处理,得产物。本发明1)能够制备各向异性的烧结钐铁氮磁体,磁体的密度较高,能够达到理论密度的90%以上,最高可达到理论密度的95%。合金粉体利用旋转取向工艺,能够达到完全取向,取向度能够达到95%以上,最高可达到98%,所以能够达到较高磁性能。2)在烧结体中利用造孔剂,在取得较高密度的同时,为后续的氮化工艺创造了条件,方便后续的氮化过程,降低氮化难度,较少氮化时间。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法。
背景技术
从1990年Coey合成了稀土永磁合金材料SmFeN以来,SmFeN凭借其优于NdFeB的内禀磁性引起了广泛关注。近年来随着稀土金属钕及其化合物的价格逐年增高,不含金属钕、镝等贵稀土元素的钐铁氮合金材料有了更加显著的经济优势与应用前景。钐铁氮材料以优于钕铁硼的内禀磁性,更好的抗氧化性能,更高的居里温度,成为粘结钕铁硼磁粉的有力竞争对手,尤其在高温环境的应用下具有不可替代的作用。钐铁氮材料因为在高温下不稳定,烧结时容易发生分解,目前以粘结磁体的制备与应用为主。钐铁氮烧结磁体目前主要是采用的脉冲电流烧结工艺,热量产生迅速,持续时间短,能够尽量减少分解的产生。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将Sm2Fe17合金粉末与造孔剂混合,置于取向磁场中旋转压制成型,得到取向的平面各向异性合金块体;
2)在保护气氛或真空下进行烧结,保温,得到多孔平面各向异性烧结合金块体;
3)将上述合金块体,进行氮化处理,得产物。
步骤1)中,Sm2Fe17合金粉末的粒径为0.1-1μm。
步骤1)中,造孔剂的质量为Sm2Fe17合金粉末的0.2-5wt%。
步骤1)中,造孔剂为气化温度和分解温度低于烧结温度的金属盐。
步骤1)中,取向磁场的磁感强度为1T-5T。
步骤2)中,烧结的温度为800℃-1200℃。
步骤2)中,保温的时间为0.5h-5h。
步骤2)中,保护气氛为He、Ne、Ar中的至少一种。
步骤3)中,氮化处理是在氮源存在下进行的,氮源为下列中的至少一种:氮气、氨气、加热分解可以释放氨气和/或氮气的物质、含有氮气和/或氨气的气体。
步骤3)中,氮化处理的温度为400-500℃,时间为1h-40h。
本发明的有益效果是:
1)本发明能够制备各向异性的烧结钐铁氮磁体,磁体的密度较高,能够达到理论密度的90%以上,最高可达到理论密度的95%。合金粉体利用旋转取向工艺,能够达到完全取向,取向度能够达到95%以上,最高可达到98%,所以能够达到较高磁性能。
2)在烧结体中利用造孔剂,在取得较高密度的同时,为后续的氮化工艺创造了条件,方便后续的氮化过程,降低氮化难度,减少氮化时间。
具体实施方式
一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)将Sm2Fe17合金粉末与造孔剂混合,置于取向磁场中旋转压制成型,得到取向的平面各向异性合金块体;
2)在保护气氛或真空下进行烧结,保温,得到多孔平面各向异性烧结合金块体;
3)将上述合金块体,进行氮化处理,得产物。
优选的,步骤1)中,Sm2Fe17合金粉末的粒径为0.1-1μm;造孔剂的质量为Sm2Fe17合金粉末的0.2-5wt%;造孔剂为气化温度和分解温度低于烧结温度的金属盐;例如但不限于FeCl3、AlCl3中的至少一种;取向磁场的磁感强度为1T-5T。
本步骤中,利用旋转取向工艺,能够达到完全取向,取向度能够达到95%以上,最高可达到98%;
优选的,步骤2)中,烧结的温度为800℃-1200℃;保温的时间为0.5h-5h;保护气氛为He、Ne、Ar中的至少一种。
优选的,步骤3)中,氮化处理是在氮源存在下进行的,氮源为下列中的至少一种:氮气、氨气、加热分解可以释放氨气和/或氮气的物质、含有氮气和/或氨气的气体;加热分解可以释放氨气和/或氮气的物质例如但不限于铵盐,叠氮化物,有机胺,硝酸盐,重氮盐,偶氮化合物等等;氮化处理的温度为400-500℃,时间为1h-40h。
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的说明:
实施例1:
原料使用Sm2Fe17粉体,加入1wt%的造孔剂,在1T磁场下压制成型,磁场方向与压制方向垂直,压制过程中旋转模具;
将生坯在真空气氛中烧结,烧结温度1100℃,保温1小时。
将烧结后的合金在N2气氛下进行渗氮热处理,热处理温度为400-500℃,渗氮时间20h。氮化后得到各向异性烧结钐铁氮磁体。
经测试,磁体性能为:Bs:1.40T,Br:1.33T,Hcj=12000Oe,BH(Max)=33MGOe。
实施例2:
原料使用Sm2Fe17粉体,加入0.5wt%的造孔剂,在5T磁场下压制成型,磁场方向与压制方向垂直,压制过程中旋转模具;
将生坯在真空气氛中烧结,烧结温度1100℃,保温1小时。
将烧结后的合金在N2气氛下进行渗氮热处理,热处理温度为400-500℃,渗氮时间40h。氮化后得到各向异性烧结钐铁氮磁体。
经测试,磁体性能为:Bs:1.48T,Br:1.42T,Hcj=13410Oe,BH(Max)=39MGOe。
Claims (10)
1.一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)将Sm2Fe17合金粉末与造孔剂混合,置于取向磁场中旋转压制成型,得到取向的平面各向异性合金块体;
2)在保护气氛或真空下进行烧结,保温,得到多孔平面各向异性烧结合金块体;
3)将上述合金块体,进行氮化处理,得产物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,Sm2Fe17合金粉末的粒径为0.1-1μm。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,造孔剂的质量为Sm2Fe17合金粉末的0.2-5wt%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,造孔剂为气化温度和分解温度低于烧结温度的金属盐。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,取向磁场的磁感强度为1T-5T。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中,烧结的温度为800℃-1200℃。
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中,保温的时间为0.5h-5h。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中,保护气氛为He、Ne、Ar中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求7所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中,氮化处理是在氮源存在下进行的,氮源为下列中的至少一种:氮气、氨气、加热分解可以释放氨气和/或氮气的物质、含有氮气和/或氨气的气体。
10.根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的一种制备各向异性烧结SmFeN永磁体的方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中,氮化处理的温度为400-500℃,时间为1h-40h。
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Cited By (2)
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CN114678204A (zh) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-06-28 | 杨杭福 | 一种高性能钐铁氮磁体的制备方法 |
CN115537711A (zh) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-30 | 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 | 一种提高钐铁氮永磁材料渗氮速度的方法 |
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Cited By (3)
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CN114678204A (zh) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-06-28 | 杨杭福 | 一种高性能钐铁氮磁体的制备方法 |
CN114678204B (zh) * | 2022-04-20 | 2024-03-26 | 中国计量大学 | 一种高性能钐铁氮磁体的制备方法 |
CN115537711A (zh) * | 2022-10-18 | 2022-12-30 | 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 | 一种提高钐铁氮永磁材料渗氮速度的方法 |
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