CN108651028B

CN108651028B - Photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method of rosa damascena

Info

Publication number: CN108651028B
Application number: CN201810528501.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 房子云; 邢波; 张晓冰
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-05-29
Filing date: 2018-05-29
Publication date: 2020-11-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-29
Also published as: CN108651028A

Abstract

The invention relates to a photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method of Bagalia damascus roses, which comprises the steps of seedling raising frame treatment, in-vitro branch treatment, cuttage and management after cuttage, wherein the seedling raising frame treatment comprises the steps of filling agricultural waste straws, vermiculite, perlite and hydrated iron oxide prepared matrix into an inverted seedling raising pot, fixing a tubular, groove or box type air seedling raising liquid circulation supply device with a reserved through hole at the upper part, horizontally placing the air seedling raising liquid circulation supply device in a three-dimensional ladder surface arrangement, connecting a water storage tank with a heater and a dosing port through a water pump, and arranging an LED cold light source above the seedling raising frame in an oblique direction; and after the cuttage is finished, circularly injecting and extracting the seedling culture solution into and from the seedling culture solution circulating supply device at intervals by using a water pump, and alternately promoting the root and sterilizing by using the seedling culture solution and dry air. The method greatly shortens the production time, improves the production efficiency of seedling culture, has wide application range, less environmental intervention, high unit area yield and good seedling quality.

Description

Photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method of rosa damascena

Technical Field

The invention relates to a photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method of rosa damascena of bulgaria, and belongs to the technical field of seedling breeding.

Background

The Rosa damascena, namely Rosa damascena, Rosa rosa of Rosaceae, native Syria, is a world-recognized famous and precious rose variety which is introduced from Kazalneck oil rose, spice and medicinal plant research institute by research group of Ministry of agriculture in 1981, has important economic and ecological benefits because pure and delicate flower fragrance enables the crown of the rose to be pressed with mass fragrance to become a superior product in the oil rose, and has low layering efficiency, multiple branches and poor quality due to complex ecological characteristics, no seeds, incapability of maintaining excellent genes of a female parent during grafting, and slow development of the domestic Rosa damascena industry.

In order to ensure the purity and the production efficiency of the strain, the seedling raising method of the Baugalia damascus roses is based on cuttage. The Chinese patent with publication number CN103918535A discloses a seedling raising method of rosa damascena, which comprises the following steps of (1) treating a seedbed, namely filling a substrate into a floating seedling raising tray, then placing the floating seedling raising tray on a seedling raising water bed, and spraying until the substrate is completely soaked, (2) treating cutting slips, (3) inserting the separated branches into the substrate of the floating seedling raising tray, after all cuttings are inserted, disinfecting and sterilizing the separated branches, the substrate and the floating seedling raising tray by using a disinfectant, adjusting the temperature of the water bed of the seedling raising pool to be 20-30 ℃, and adjusting the air humidity around the separated branches to be more than 90%.

According to the cutting propagation method of the suspension seedling raising tray rosa damascena, the isolated branches are soaked for a long time, so that black stems and rot easily occur, various fertilizer damage and phytotoxicity are easily generated, the growth is hindered, the root system is a water root, the root hair is few, the vigor is poor, the stress resistance is poor, and the seedling rate is low; the problems of influence of blue-green algae and salt accumulation are easily caused by insufficient water fluidity in the nursery pond, and the transmission and infection of pathogens are accelerated; the humidity of the substrate can be adjusted easily by adjusting the water penetration depth of the floating seedling tray, and the roots growing out of the substrate water-permeable holes are immersed in water all the time, so that the adjusting effect is limited. Meanwhile, the problems of large seedling-raising floor area, long production time, low unit yield, high requirements on seedling hardening, illumination and disinfection and the like exist.

Furthermore, in the process of cutting and rooting the branches, the in-vitro branches have different requirements on water and fertilizer due to different growth periods and individual differences, and the plants have a complete regulation mechanism to ensure the growth and development of the plants under a proper environment. In the cutting propagation method, the individual difference of the isolated branches and the regulation and control function of the plants are not considered, the time is taken as a node to design the environment variable, and the seedlings cultured by the floating seedling-raising tray have the problems of water and nutrition absorption, photosynthesis, respiration and other physiological obstacles when the seedlings are moved to the field because the root system is in the environment highly lack of oxygen and carbon dioxide for a long time, the respiration mode and the photosynthesis mode of the seedlings are not completely established, stomatal loss and poor or disconnected vascular bundle development often occur.

Furthermore, the cuttage technology of the Chinese bitter rose disclosed in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN103891509A, the full-illumination green branch micro-fog seedling method disclosed in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN104145707B and the rose cuttage propagation method disclosed in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN102612971B also have the problems that different water and fertilizer requirements caused by individual differences of isolated branches can not be timely adapted to influence the rooting rate, the problem that the stress resistance of a plurality of main roots of the water roots is poor can not be solved so as to influence the transplanting survival rate, the diffusion of soil-borne water-borne diseases under the conditions of high temperature and high humidity can not be effectively controlled, the problems of illumination limitation caused by long-term rainy days, seedling hardening and the like in the later period can not be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of large occupied area, poor seedling culture benefit, difficulty in avoiding soil-borne and water-borne diseases, hardening of a substrate, rot and poor stress resistance caused by long-term soaking, difficulty in managing the humidity of the inserted substrate, incapability of timely adapting to the demand of isolated branches and the like in the prior art of full-illumination micro-fog, suspension seedling culture and the like, and provides a photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method for preparing the substrate by utilizing agricultural waste straws, supplementing the spectral energy required by plants by utilizing self-regulation and capillary action of the plants according to needs, improving the yield per unit area by utilizing a trapezoidal three-dimensional seedling culture frame, greatly reducing the cost and the time, reducing the time and space limitation caused by illumination conditions and improving the rooting rate and the survival rate of the isolated branches;

the invention also aims to make the energy metabolism of the in vitro branches depend on the photosynthesis, the autotrophic regulation and the capillary action of the in vitro branches, construct autotrophic metabolism with more self-vigor and make the autotrophic metabolism form complete and developed vascular bundles in the cultivation process. The autotrophic metabolism has strong adaptability and is more beneficial to nutrition absorption and metabolism after transplantation;

furthermore, the invention also aims to inhibit the growth of the length of the root hair through a dry-wet circulating environment constructed by the seedling culture solution and relatively dry air, so that the root hair becomes thick and strong, and the secondary rooting development in the matrix is promoted, so that the stress resistance of the root system is enhanced while the root hair is increased, the seedling culture time is further shortened, and the transplanting survival rate is improved;

furthermore, the invention aims to accurately stimulate the roots of plants by constructing a relatively closed root system small environment (the leaves are not in contact with nutrient solution, and the leaves are not damaged by pesticide fertilizer), and further improve the rooting rate and survival rate of in-vitro branches.

Furthermore, the invention also aims to ensure the rapid breeding of the rosa damascena to be high-quality and high-efficiency and simultaneously expand the recycling way of agricultural wastes, namely straws.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method of Rosa damascena of Bulgaria comprises (1) seedling frame treatment, (2) in vitro branch treatment, (3) cuttage, (4) management after cuttage,

the seedling raising frame treatment in the step (1) comprises the steps of filling a substrate into an inverted seedling raising pot, inverting the inverted seedling raising pot to be small in upper part and large in lower part, sealing the bottom by using a porous sieve plate at the lower part, placing the seedling raising pot on a vertical seedling raising frame with a ladder surface consisting of seedling raising liquid circulation supply devices which are placed in parallel, and placing an LED cold light source above the seedling raising frame;

the maintenance management after the cuttage in the step (4) is that after all the cuttage is finished, a water pump is turned off at intervals in a circulating mode to fill water into the seedling culture solution circulating supply device and extract the seedling culture solution from the seedling culture solution circulating supply device, a nutrient solution containing a disinfectant and auxin is used for promoting root sterilization, and an LED cold light source is turned on for light supplement in rainy days or at night;

according to the photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method of rosa damascena of bulgaria, the seedling raising frame is arranged in a ladder surface three-dimensional mode and is formed by placing a plurality of seedling raising liquid circulating supply devices in a ladder surface three-dimensional mode; each seedling culture solution circulating supply device is connected with a water pump provided with a time relay through a header pipe, and the water pump can inject or extract the seedling culture solution into or out of the seedling culture solution circulating supply device; the seedling raising liquid can be ABT1 and GGR6 of agricultural academy, preferably indoleacetic acid and naphthylacetic acid can be added for mixing, and potassium permanganate 800 times liquid for oxidation sterilization can also be added for better oxidation root promotion.

The seedling raising pot is characterized in that common seedling raising plates in the market are cut one by one and then inverted, a porous sieve plate is used for sealing the bottom, and a substrate is filled into the seedling raising pot, and then a slope three-dimensional seedling frame built by a seedling raising liquid circulation supply device is placed into the seedling raising pot, and processed top through holes are formed.

The seedling raising liquid circulation supply device is used for accommodating the seedling raising pot and enabling the seedling raising liquid to circulate in the seedling raising pot, and can be a pipe, a groove or a box made of metal or nonmetal materials. The pipe body, the box body or the groove body made of ABS, PVC or PE is preferably adopted, so that the pipe is light and durable.

The LED cold light source is a specific spectrum LED and is arranged above the three-dimensional seedling raising frame on the ladder surface, preferably obliquely above the seedling raising frame. Photosynthesis is an important influence factor, and the LED cold light source is used for supplementing in rainy days and nights, so that the environmental and regional limitations can be further reduced, and the germination and growth of root systems can be promoted.

In the process of seedling culture, in order to overcome the problems of umbrella effect and edge effect of top irrigation, rot caused by long-term soaking of suspension, low survival rate of water roots and the like, an inventor closes a water pump at intervals through circulation, injects seedling culture liquid into a seedling culture liquid circulation supply device, and removes the seedling culture liquid after the liquid level soaks the bottom of a seedling culture pot for a period of time. The treatment utilizes the autotrophic regulation mechanism and capillary action of plants, the seedling culture solution infiltrates the substrate from bottom to top, the isolated branches are absorbed as required, when the root hairs of the isolated branches are exposed from the sieve holes at the bottom of the pot cavity, the seedling culture solution is injected and extracted at intervals, so that the root hairs exposed from the sieve holes are contacted with relatively dry air intermittently to be shriveled, the length growth of the main root is inhibited, the main root is thickened and strengthened, secondary rooting and development in the substrate are promoted, the root hairs are increased, and the stress resistance of the root system is enhanced.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the in-vitro branches are current-year semi-lignified germinating branches collected from 2-3-year female parents, the germinating branches of the 2-3-year female parents are strong in adaptability and are in the most active growth period, the current-year germinating branches have a large amount of endogenous auxin, the self-regulation capacity is strong, the cell division activity is good, the in-vitro branches are favorable for forming callus and rooting, and the survival rate can be greatly improved.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the seedling raising pot is characterized in that the seedling raising plates are common in the market and are cut one by one and then inverted, the porous sieve plates are used for sealing the bottom, a big cone frustum body which is permeable from top to bottom and accords with the original root system form of the healthy plants is formed, the root hairs are prevented from being coiled in a circuitous manner and are thin and long, the survival rate of the cutting seedlings is guaranteed, the diameter range of the upper opening of the seedling pot is 25-50mm, and the seedling raising pot can be adjusted according to the actual situation of the seedling raising liquid circulation supply device.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the seedling culture solution circulation supply device is arranged in a trapezoidal surface manner, namely a plurality of horizontal seedling culture solution circulation supply devices are parallel to each other and are arranged on an inclined trapezoidal surface at equal distances from top to bottom, the seedling culture bowls 1/2-1/3 are horizontally arranged in the seedling culture solution circulation supply device after being installed, the seedling culture bowls are beneficial to infiltrating the matrix from bottom to top by utilizing the self regulation mechanism of the plant and the capillary action force to be absorbed as required, when the roots of the isolated branches are exposed from the sieve holes at the bottom of the bowl cavity, the isolated branches shrink due to intermittent contact with relatively dry air, the growth of the length of the roots is inhibited, the roots become thick and strong, and secondary root development in the matrix is promoted by the capillary action, the roots are increased, the stress resistance of the roots is enhanced, and the seedling refining time is; the inventor finds that when the depth of the seedling pot exceeds 1/2, the root promoting and pruning effect of dry air is blocked and the air permeability of the matrix is influenced, when the depth is lower than 1/3, the using amount of the seedling liquid is large, the liquid level in the seedling liquid circulating supply device is high, the capillary effect and the matrix infiltration effect are influenced, the fixation is not easy, and the longitudinal space is wasted.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the LED cold light source is a red-blue light source, specifically red light with the wavelength of 640-660nm, blue light with the wavelength of 425-450nm and near-red light with the wavelength of 720-740 nm.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the substrate is crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and adding the mixture of hydrated iron oxide with the total volume of 5-10% after mixing. The straw is rich in carbon, phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium, the straw is used as a substrate for assisting perlite and vermiculite to ventilate and permeate water, the content of crude fiber and organic matter is high, and the in vitro branches can rapidly take roots; 5% -10% of hydrated ferric oxide is added, the substrate particles are strongly adsorbed, the aggregation is close to yellow soil of the original environment of the Damascus, and the development and growth of root systems are facilitated.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the disinfectant is 1000 times of potassium permanganate 800-. The oxidizing property of potassium permanganate can promote the in vitro branch callus to be quickly formed, the residue is less, the cost is low, and the effect is good; the inventor finds that in the rapid breeding method of the rosa damascena by photoautotrophic air, the rosa damascena is disinfected by using 1000 times of potassium permanganate 800-. The concentration is higher than 800 times of the solution, the roots are easy to burn under the condition of alternate dryness and wetness, and the concentration is lower than 1000 times of the solution, so the diseases can not be well controlled.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: in the management process after cuttage, a time relay controls a water pump to inject the seedling culture solution into the seedling culture solution circulation supply device every 1-1.5h, the liquid level stops after soaking the bottom of the seedling culture pot, the operation is kept for 10-20min, and then the seedling culture solution in the pipe is pumped back to the reservoir by the water pump. The treatment mode has high time isolated branch rooting rate and good root system development. The interval time is less than 1h, when the retention time is more than 20min, the dryness of the substrate is insufficient, the time for the root system growing out of the seedling pot to contact air is insufficient, the effect of inhibiting the growth of the main root is not obvious, the development of the secondary root is blocked, the stress resistance is poor, the interval time is more than 1h, when the retention time is less than 20min, the water content of the substrate is insufficient, the moisture required by the in-vitro branch cannot be supplied by the substrate in time, and the growth of the root system is influenced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. according to the photoautotrophic rapid breeding method of the rosa damascena, the seedling culture solution infiltrates a matrix from bottom to top through a plant autotrophic regulation mechanism and capillary action to be absorbed as required, and the matrix is always loose and breathable, so that the growth of plants is facilitated; the shrinkage of the roots caused by contacting with dry air when the roots are exposed from the sieve holes at the bottom of the pot cavity is utilized to promote the secondary rooting development in the matrix, the problems of long and thin main roots, root rot after long-term soaking, multiple water roots and the like in the prior art are solved, the rooting rate of the in-vitro branches is high, the stress resistance of the root system is high, seedling hardening is not needed, and the survival rate of the cutting seedlings is high.

2. The main material of the cutting substrate is straw, so that the recycling way of agricultural wastes is expanded; the straw is assisted with vermiculite perlite and hydrated ferric oxide, so that the substrate coarse fiber and organic matter content are high, the aggregate property is close to that of the Damascus primordial environment soil, the ventilation and the water permeation are realized, the isolated branch can be more favorably and rapidly rooted, the cost is low, and the effect is good.

3. The three-dimensional seedling raising frame with the trapezoidal surface greatly saves land resources, ensures that the in-vitro branches can be absorbed as required by recycling the seedling raising liquid, is convenient for disinfection and control of the pH value, and saves water, fertilizer and land.

4. The red light with the wavelength of 640-660nm, the blue light with the wavelength of 425-450nm and the near-red light with the wavelength of 720-740nm are mutually matched to supplement light energy radiation, so that the photosynthesis can be greatly promoted, the environmental limitation is reduced, the seedling survival rate is improved, and the seedling period is shortened.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional trapezoidal seedling rack

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an inverted seedling pot

1. Seedling pot, 2, seedling culture liquid circulation supply device, 3, seedling frame, 4, water pump, 5, connecting pipeline, 6, seedling culture liquid groove, 7, connecting capillary, 8, porous sieve plate.

In the attached figure 1, a seedling pot 1 is inverted in a seedling liquid circulation supply device 2, the seedling liquid circulation supply device 2 is arranged on a trapezoidal seedling frame 3 in a trapezoidal shape, 1/3-1/2 of the seedling pot 1 is positioned in the seedling liquid circulation supply device which is horizontally placed, connecting capillaries 7 are communicated among the seedling liquid circulation supply devices, a substrate is soaked from bottom to top through capillary action force to be absorbed as required, the seedling liquid circulation supply device 2 is communicated with a seedling liquid groove 6 through a connecting pipe 5 by a water pump 4, and a circulation loop of the seedling liquid in the seedling liquid circulation supply device 2 and the seedling liquid groove 6 is formed.

In the attached figure 2, the seedling pot 1 is inverted, one end with the air holes is arranged on the upper surface originally, the whole seedling pot 1 is in a shape of being thin at the top and thick at the bottom, the porous sieve plate 8 is arranged below the seedling pot 1 and is used as the bottom surface of the

seedling pot

1, 1/3-1/2 at the lower part of the seedling pot 1 enters the seedling culture solution circulation supply device 2, and the wall surface connecting part of the seedling pot 1 and the seedling culture solution circulation supply device 2 is fixed by using pins, pins and the like as long as firmness and reliability are ensured.

Detailed Description

The following examples, comparative examples and experimental examples relate to statistical indicators of rooting rate, number of first-stage lateral roots, and number of seedlings per square meter.

Detailed description of the invention

Experimental example 1:

influence of different LED wavelengths, dry air contact time and nutrient soaking time on rapid breeding of Damascus rose photoautotrophic air

Test materials and treatments: damascus roses in Humameshan base of southwest forestry university are used as test materials, robust current-year semi-lignified branches are selected as in-vitro branches in the middle of 2015 6 months, and are subjected to ABT1 # 200mg/L rapid immersion treatment and then placed in photoautotrophic air for rapid propagation and seedling raising, and uniform treatment means are adopted except for variable factors.

Experiment design: a five-factor four-level orthogonal experiment L16 (45) is adopted, a blank control group (CK, LED light supplement is not used, soaking and air root promotion treatment are not carried out) is added, specific factors and levels are shown in tables 1 and 2, 200 seedlings in each formula are placed on photoautotrophic air fast breeding separated seedling frames, and data are counted after two months and are shown in table 3.

TABLE 1 five-factor four-level orthogonal experimental design

TABLE 2 five-factor four-level orthogonal experimental table

TABLE 3 five-factor four-level orthogonal experimental results

As a result: table 3 shows that, compared to the blank control group CK, ABCDE treatment can significantly improve survival rate and primary side number, where the A1B2C2D2E2 treatment has the greatest increase, the rooting rate is 95.50%, and the primary side number is 47. The experimental data are subjected to regression analysis, the coefficient R2=0.99 is determined, the extremely significant level is reached, it can be seen that ABCDE treatment has significant regression relationship with the root-producing rate and the number of first-level lateral roots of Damascus roses, variance analysis (SPSS) shows that the interaction between two factors of E drying time and D soaking time is significant (P < 0.05), the interaction between two factors of B blue light wavelength and C near red light wavelength is significant (P < 0.05), the interaction between two factors of A red light wavelength and B blue light wavelength is significant (P < 0.05), Design-Expert is adopted for optimal analysis and prediction, and the result shows that: the A2B3C2D2E3 is the optimal combination, the four first-digit sequence of the optimal ordering is A2B3C2D2E3 > A3B2C2D2E2 > A3B3C2D2E3 > A2B3C2D3E3,640nm-660nm red light, 425nm-450nm blue light, 720nm-740nm near-red light, 10min-20min soaking time and 1-1.5h drying time combination, and the root growth rate and the first-level lateral root number of the Damascus roses can be improved to the maximum extent.

Experimental example 2:

influence of matrix and nutrition pot shape on rapid breeding of Rosa damascena photoautotrophic air

Test materials and treatments: taking Damascus roses in Humameshan base of southwest forestry university as test materials, selecting a strong current-year semi-lignified branch as an isolated branch ABT1 No. 200mg/L, and placing the treated branch in photoautotrophic air for rapid breeding and seedling raising. The first test in 6 middle of the month in 2016 and the second test in 8 late of the month in 2016.

And (3) experimental design: the first test adopts three nutrition bowls with different shapes to carry out the test, the specifications are respectively in a vertical column shape, a pot shape with a large upper part and a small lower part and a frustum shape with a large upper part and a small lower part, the substrate formula comprises six substrates of straws, vermiculite, perlite, turfy soil, vermiculite, perlite and straw, perlite and turfy soil for cuttage, the rooting growth conditions of the rosa damascena in different substrates are compared, and five specifications of hydrated iron oxide of 2.5%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% are added in the optimized substrate formula in the second test. The first trial used a two-factor cross-grouping design with 3 replicates per combination, 200 replicates per replicate, and observations recorded after 45 days, see tables 4 and 5. The second test was conducted by a comparative experiment, and the number of each sample was 200 and observed and recorded 45 days later, as shown in Table 6.

The result is that through analysis of variance (SPSS), the interaction between two factors of the nutrition pot shape and the substrate is not significant (P is more than 0.05), the influence of the nutrition pot shape and the substrate on the rooting rate is very significant (P is less than 0.01), and multiple comparison is carried out by adopting a DUNCAN method, wherein the result shows that 1, the rooting rate is highest by using the nutrition pot with the shape of the frustum shape with the small upper part and the large lower part, the number of the roots at the first stage is highest, and the shape with the small upper part and the large lower part is most consistent with the natural growth and; 2. the substrate is prepared from crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite 1: 1: 1, the rooting rate is obviously higher than other types, the rooting rate and the first-level lateral root number are obviously improved after 5% -10% of hydrated iron oxide is added, the granularity of the hydrated iron oxide is too low and the effect is not good, and the rooting and development of plants are influenced due to too high air permeability and water permeability of the hydrated iron oxide.

TABLE 4 comparison of rooting rates of Damascus roses in different shapes and in different bases

TABLE 5 comparison of the number of first-level side roots of Damascus roses in nutrition pots of different shapes

TABLE 6 comparison of rooting rate and first order lateral root number of Damascus roses with matrix added with hydrated iron oxide

Example 1:

example 1 of a photoautotrophic air fast breeding method of rosa damascena, bulgaria, includes the following steps:

1. and (3) seedling bed treatment, namely treating the crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, uniformly mixing, adding hydrated ferric oxide with the total volume ratio of 5% to prepare a matrix, sterilizing by using 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate, then loading the matrix into an inverted seedling pot, placing the seedling pot on a step-face vertical seedling rack consisting of 40mm of PVC pipes (seedling liquid circulation supply device), cutting 72-hole seedling plates one by one for inverted placement, sealing a porous sieve plate to form a bottom, placing 1/2 seedling pots in the PVC seedling liquid circulation supply device after installation, connecting a water pump to the seedling rack, and placing 450nm blue, 650nm red and 740nm near-red light LED cold light sources obliquely above a seedbed.

2. Treating in vitro branches: collecting current-year semi-lignified germinating branches of 2-year female parents in 9 am, timely transporting the semi-lignified germinating branches to an operation area in a shade shed, spraying semi-lignified shoots to keep the surfaces of the semi-lignified shoots wet, obliquely shearing the semi-lignified shoots into in-vitro branches with the length of 12cm from top to bottom, reserving at least 2 leaves at the upper parts, and performing sterilization and oxidation root promotion treatment by 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate and ABT1 No. 200 mg/L.

3. Cuttage: injecting seedling culture solution into the PVC pipe by using a water pump, keeping the PVC pipe till the matrix is completely wet, stopping the injection, punching the matrix by using a puncher with the thickness of 0.5-2 mm larger than that of the isolated branch, inserting the prepared isolated branch into matrix holes on a seedling culture frame layer by layer, and compressing the matrix around the isolated branch, wherein the punching depth is half of that of the matrix.

4. And (3) management after cuttage: controlling a water pump through a time relay, injecting the seedling culture solution into the seedling culture solution circulation supply device channel every 1h, stopping after the liquid level is soaked at the bottom of the seedling culture pot, keeping for 10min, pumping the seedling culture solution in the pipe back to the reservoir by using the water pump, and repeating the steps in such a circulation manner, and turning on an LED light source for light supplement in rainy days and at night. The seedling culture solution is prepared by mixing 800 times of potassium permanganate as a sterilizing agent and 200mg/L ABT1 number of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences as an auxin. Statistics after two months, see table 7.

Example 2:

example 2 of a photoautotrophic air fast breeding method of rosa damascena, bulgaria, includes the following steps:

1. and (3) seedling bed treatment, namely treating the crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, uniformly mixing, adding hydrated ferric oxide with the total volume ratio of 5% to prepare a matrix, sterilizing by using 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate, then loading the matrix into an inverted seedling pot, placing the seedling pot on a trapezoidal vertical seedling rack consisting of 50mm of circular ABS water tanks (seedling liquid circulation supply devices), cutting 100-hole seedling trays one by one, inverting the seedling pot, sealing a porous sieve plate to form a bottom, placing 1/2 seedling pots in the circular ABS water tanks after installation, connecting a water pump to the seedling rack, and placing 430nm blue, 640nm red and 720nm near-red light LED cold light sources obliquely above a seedbed.

2. Treating in vitro branches: collecting current-year semi-lignified germinating branches of 2-year female parents in 9 am, timely transporting the semi-lignified germinating branches to an operation area in a shade shed, spraying semi-lignified shoots to keep the surfaces of the semi-lignified shoots wet, obliquely shearing the semi-lignified shoots into in-vitro branches with the length of 10cm from top to bottom, reserving at least 2 leaves at the upper parts, and performing sterilization and oxidation root promotion treatment by 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate and 300mg/L GGR 6.

3. Cuttage: injecting a seedling culture solution into the ABS circular water tank by using a water pump, keeping the ABS circular water tank until the substrate is completely wet, stopping the injection, punching holes in the substrate by using a puncher with the thickness of 0.5-2 mm larger than that of the isolated branches, inserting the prepared isolated branches into the substrate holes on the seedling culture frame layer by layer, and compressing the substrate around the isolated branches.

4. Management: and (3) management after cuttage: controlling a water pump through a time relay, injecting the seedling culture solution into the ABS circular water tank every 1h, stopping after the liquid level is soaked at the bottom of the seedling culture bowl, keeping for 10min, pumping the seedling culture solution in the ABS circular water tank back to the water storage tank through the water pump, and repeating in such a circulating way, and turning on an LED light source for light supplement in rainy days and at night. The seedling culture solution is prepared by mixing 800 times of potassium permanganate as a sterilizing agent and 300mg/L of GGR6 number of Chinese academy of agricultural sciences as an auxin. Statistics after two months, see table 7.

Comparative example 1:

the cutting propagation method of rosa damascena comprises the following steps:

1. and (3) treating a seedling bed, namely digging a 20 cm-deep cuttage hole, and mixing the crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, uniformly mixing, adding hydrated iron oxide which accounts for 5 percent of the total volume, preparing a matrix, and using the matrix as a backfill material; 430nm blue, 640nm red and 720nm near-red light LED cold light sources are arranged obliquely above the seedbed. The cold light source is turned on in rainy days or at night.

2. And (3) treating in-vitro branches, namely collecting current-year semi-lignified germinated branches of 2-year female parents before 9 am, timely conveying the semi-lignified germinated branches to an operation area in a shade shed, spraying and moisturizing semi-lignified tender branches, obliquely shearing the semi-lignified tender branches into in-vitro branches with the length of 10cm from top to bottom, and reserving at least 2 leaves on the upper parts of the branches, and performing sterilization and oxidation root-forcing treatment on 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate and ABT1 No. 200 mg/L.

3. Cutting, namely inserting the treated branches into cutting holes, backfilling prepared substrates, and watering thoroughly;

4. and (3) managing after cutting, namely keeping the temperature at 18-28 ℃, keeping the water content of the seedbed at 60-80%, keeping the relative air humidity at 65-85%, irrigating with 200mg/L ABT1 rooting liquid every day after cutting, stopping irrigating the rooting liquid after 10-15 days, and gradually illuminating the cutting seedlings. Statistics after two months are shown in table 1.

Comparative example 2:

the method for raising the seedlings of the dammar rose in the suspension plate comprises the following steps:

1. and (3) seedling bed treatment, namely treating the crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, uniformly mixing, adding hydrated ferric oxide with the total volume ratio of 5 percent, preparing a matrix, sterilizing by using 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate, and putting into a foam plastic floating seedling-raising tray arranged on a water bed of a seedling-raising pond. Spraying until the substrate is completely soaked, and adjusting the temperature and humidity of the substrate through a water bed; the cold light source of 430nm blue, 640nm red and 720nm near-red light LED is arranged obliquely above the seedbed, and the cold light source is turned on in rainy days or at night.

3. And (3) cutting, namely punching holes in the matrix by using a puncher with the thickness of 0.5-2 mm larger than that of the isolated branches, inserting the isolated branches into the matrix holes layer by layer, compacting the peripheral matrix, and immediately starting spraying equipment.

4. And (3) management after cuttage:

(a) spraying for 15s every 10min in the daytime in a callus formation period of 1-7 days; spraying for 20s every 15min at night, and immersing the floating seedling-raising plate in water for 3 cm;

(b) spraying for 15s every 15min on 8-15 days in the growth period of the young roots; immersing the floating seedling raising plate in water for 2.6 cm;

(c) in the rooting vigorous period of the in-vitro branches on 16-20 days, spraying for 15s after the water of the leaves is evaporated; immersing the floating seedling raising plate into water for 2.2 cm; statistics after two months, see table 7.

Comparative example 3:

a full-illumination green-branch micro-fog Damascus rose seedling raising method comprises the following steps:

1. treating a seedling bed, namely treating the crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, adding hydrated ferric oxide with the total volume ratio of 5 percent, preparing a matrix, paving a seedbed with the thickness of 10cm and the width of 1 meter, and sterilizing by using 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate. 430nm blue, 640nm red and 720nm near-red light LED cold light sources are arranged obliquely above the seedbed. The cold light source is turned on in rainy days or at night.

3. And (3) cutting, namely watering the seedbed thoroughly, performing cutting after staggered punching of every two rows by using a separated branch punching positioner, wherein the punching depth is half of the matrix, inserting the separated branches into the matrix holes layer by layer, compacting the peripheral matrix, and immediately starting spraying equipment.

4. Managing after the insertion: spraying for 10s every 8min at the initial stage of cuttage; spraying for 15s when water film on the leaves is maintained to be 1/3 after callus is formed; after 70% of branches grow young roots, spraying for 20s after 3-5 minutes after the water film on the leaf surface is evaporated; after 85-90% of root system is formed, spraying for 15s every 30min from 10 am to 3 pm, stopping spraying at other time, reducing spraying when sunlight intensity and temperature are reduced, and stopping spraying in rainy days. The medicine is disinfected by 800 times of potassium permanganate every 7 days, and the medicine is applied to the root promoting agent of ABT1 No. 200mg/L every 10 days. Statistics after two months, see table 7.

TABLE 7 survival rate, first-class lateral root number, seedling amount per square meter of examples and comparative examples

	Survival rate	Average number of first order side elements	Seedling amount per square meter
				Example 1	97.50%	51	About 650 plants
Example 2	98.13%	48	About 720 plants
				Comparative example 1	65.37%	22	About 200 strains
Comparative example 2	80.71%	19	About 400 strains
				Comparative example 3	85.64%	26	About 250 strains

As can be seen from Table 7, under the condition of the same substrate, in-vitro branch treatment, cuttage depth and light source conditions, no matter the survival rate, the average number of first-level lateral roots or the seedling raising amount per square meter, the examples 1 and 2 are obviously higher than the comparative examples 1-3, and the obvious effect is achieved by injecting and extracting the seedling raising liquid at intervals.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that changes may be made in the embodiments and/or equivalents thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included in the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A photoautotrophic air rapid breeding method of Rosa damascena of Bulgaria comprises the following steps:

step (1), seedling raising frame treatment: putting a substrate into a seedling pot, fixing the seedling pot on a seedling liquid circulation supply device with a reserved through hole in the upper part of the seedling pot, connecting the seedling liquid circulation supply device with a water storage pool provided with a heater through a water pump, and arranging an LED cold light source above a seedling frame;

inverting the seedling pot, wherein one end of the seedling pot which is originally provided with the air holes is arranged on the upper surface, the whole seedling pot is in a shape of being thin at the top and thick at the bottom, and a porous sieve plate is arranged below the seedling pot and is used as the bottom surface of the seedling pot;

the substrate is crushed straw, perlite and vermiculite according to a volume ratio of 1: 1: 1, uniformly mixing, and adding a mixture of hydrated iron oxides with the total volume ratio of 5-10% after mixing;

step (2), in vitro branch treatment: collecting current-year semi-lignified germinating branches of 2-year female parents before 9 am, timely transporting the current-year semi-lignified germinating branches to an operation area in a shade shed, spraying semi-lignified shoots to keep the surfaces of the semi-lignified shoots wet, obliquely shearing the semi-lignified shoots into in-vitro branches with the length of 12cm from top to bottom, reserving at least 2 leaves at the upper parts, and performing sterilization and oxidation root promotion treatment by 800 times of liquid potassium permanganate and ABT1 No. 200 mg/L;

step (3), cuttage: injecting seedling culture solution into a PVC pipe by using a water pump, keeping the PVC pipe till a matrix is completely wet, stopping the injection, punching holes in the matrix by using a puncher with the thickness of 0.5-2 mm larger than that of the isolated branches, inserting the prepared isolated branches into matrix holes in a seedling culture frame layer by layer, and compressing the matrix around the isolated branches;

step (4), management after cuttage: controlling a water pump through a time relay, injecting the seedling culture solution into the seedling culture solution circulation supply device at intervals of 1-1.5h, stopping after the liquid level is soaked at the bottom of the seedling culture bowl, keeping for 10-20min, pumping the seedling culture solution in the tube back to the water storage tank by using the water pump, and repeating the circulation in the way, and turning on an LED light source for light supplement in rainy days and nights; the seedling culture solution is prepared by mixing 800 times of potassium permanganate as a sterilizing agent and 200mg/L ABT1 as an auxin; the LED cold light source is a combination of a red light source, a blue light source and near infrared light; the wavelength of the red light is 640-660nm, the wavelength of the blue light is 425-450nm, and the wavelength of the near infrared light is 720-740 nm.