CN108476954A - The production method of northern area strawberry seedling breeding and celery crop rotation - Google Patents

The production method of northern area strawberry seedling breeding and celery crop rotation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108476954A
CN108476954A CN201810196909.7A CN201810196909A CN108476954A CN 108476954 A CN108476954 A CN 108476954A CN 201810196909 A CN201810196909 A CN 201810196909A CN 108476954 A CN108476954 A CN 108476954A
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China
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seedling
strawberry
celery
mist
stolon
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CN108476954B (en
Inventor
乔建磊
王连君
苏翰英
张冲
陈昊
房汉玉
刘广友
楼同济
陈相宇
崔洪博
许德峰
李怡
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Jilin Agricultural University
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Jilin Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
    • A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
    • A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
    • A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
    • A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
    • A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses northern area strawberry seedlings to cultivate the production method with celery crop rotation, overcomes in existing strawberry production and there is a problem of that the step of seedling breeding is of high cost, seedling quality is unstable, efficiency is low, the crop rotation production method is：1. strawberry maternal plant is cultivated:1) strawberry maternal plant culture substrate is prepared；2) it selects virus-free healthy and strong strawberry as maternal plant in early April, is colonized in maternal plant culture substrate；3) after maternal plant slow seedling, according to plant growing way, N P and K balance fertilizer was imposed 1 time at interval of 15 days；2. obtaining the sub- seedling of stolon and preparing celery Pregermination and seedling breeding:1) the sub- seedling of stolon is obtained；2) celery Pregermination and seedling breeding：When strawberry maternal plant stolon pumping, start celery seedling raising work；3. cultivating healthy and strong strawberry seedling；It is colonized with celery 4. strawberry seedling is harvested；5. strawberry greenhouse production；6. harvesting:Strawberry fresh fruit is on New Year's Day to harvesting listing, celery collecting time timely collecting before and after New Year's Day according to the market demand during the Spring Festival.

Description

The production method of northern area strawberry seedling breeding and celery crop rotation
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods belonging to field of agricultural production technologies, it more particularly relates to one The high-efficiency method for producing of kind northern area strawberry seedling breeding and celery crop rotation.
Background technology
Strawberry is the rose family (Rosaceae) perennial root herbaceous plant.Strawberry fruit meat tenderness succulence, it is full of nutrition, And there is strong fruit aroma, it is deep to be liked by consumers in general.In recent years, as the improvement of people's living standards, market The demand of strawberry is obviously increased, the cultivated area of China strawberry is also rising year by year.
The breeding of seedling is the key link in strawberry production, and the quality of seedling is directly related to field yield and fruit product Matter.Since the self-contained germ of strawberry seedling can cause field diseases, so that yield and fruit quality decline, cause to give birth to Production benefit is greatly reduced, and therefore, how to breed out high-quality, healthy and strong strawberry seedling and is concerned.At present in production, strawberry seedling Mating system mainly have：
Draw stem to keep down the vines of a creeping plant breeding：After strawberry stolon pumping, sub- seedling can be grown on stolon, kept down the vines of a creeping plant i.e. with soil block in Zi Miaochu Ridging is taken root, and sub- seedling is promoted to grow, and forms seedling.This modes of reproduction is fairly simple, and technology is of less demanding, is easily mastered, but The seedling that this mating system obtains is easy infection soil-borne disease, leads to that kind of a sexual involution, plant growing way is weak, bearing capacity is poor, abnormal The problems such as shape fruit increases, and fruit quality is deteriorated.
Matrix cuttage and seedling culture：The matrix such as turf, coconut palm chaff, the perlite of nontoxic no pathogeny are prepared by a certain percentage, so It is fitted into afterwards in seedlings nursing plate or pot for growing seedlings.After strawberry stolon pumping, then the sub- seedling of stolon that will not yet take root or root of hair is less Cuttage promotees growth, is trained independent seedling in the matrix of moistening.Matrix cuttage and seedling culture can carry out indoors, convenient for collection Middle management avoids the influence of natural climate environment, and seedling medium is loose, good permeability, can promote root growth, and use Seedlings nursing plate (alms bowl) progress nursery is easy to carry, but there are the following problems for matrix cuttage and seedling culture：The plant root in seedlings nursing plate (alms bowl) Growing space is limited, is susceptible to root system winding and nest root phenomenon mutually；Matrix good permeability, germ is easy breeding, before cuttage It needs to carry out high-temperature sterilization disinfection to matrix, in case seedling is disseminated by germ；Matrix water holding fertilizer-preserving ability is poor, after watering fertilizer and Nutrient is easy to be lost in, and therefore, each irrigation amount should not be too large, and needs to keep matrix moistening in seedling stage, and duty is needed in management Watering, workload are larger.
Tissue cultures are bred：It chooses healthy and strong strawberry to crawl the separate living tissue i.e. stem apex of stem top, using tissue cultures skill Art induces young shoot, then breeds out seedling by carrying out Multiplying culture to young shoot.Although can be real using tissue culture technique The breeding of existing strawberry detoxic seedling, but the mating system requires operating environment condition strictly to need the tissue culture room of profession, and Production procedure is complicated, technical difficulty is big, time-consuming, production cost is high, is not easy to popularize.
Therefore, a kind of method for strawberry seedling breeding easy to operate, at low cost, efficient of exploration has great importance.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome, seedling breeding present in existing strawberry production is of high cost, plants The low problem of seedling unstable quality, efficiency provides a kind of production method of northern strawberry seedling cultivation and celery crop rotation.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：The northern strawberry seedling The step of cultivating the production method with celery crop rotation is as follows：
1) strawberry maternal plant is cultivated；
2) it obtains the sub- seedling of stolon and prepares celery Pregermination and seedling breeding；
3) healthy and strong strawberry seedling is cultivated；
4) strawberry seedling harvesting is colonized with celery；
5) strawberry greenhouse production；
6) it harvests.
The step of strawberry maternal plant described in technical solution is cultivated is as follows：
1) strawberry maternal plant culture substrate is prepared：
By 3 kinds of turf, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff matrix by volume 2:1:1 mixing opposes spray using the seedling bacterium of a concentration of 800 times of liquid Wet basis matter covers film and surrounding is obturaged carry out sterilizing, film is taken off after 7 days after stirring evenly；
2) it selects virus-free healthy and strong strawberry as maternal plant in early April, is colonized in maternal plant culture substrate, matrix 55%~70%, daytime temperature is controlled at 20~28 DEG C for relative humidity control；
3) after maternal plant slow seedling, according to plant growing way, N P and K balance fertilizer was imposed 1 time at interval of 15 days, each amount of application is Average every plant of 6~8g.
The sub- seedling of acquisition stolon described in technical solution and the step of preparing celery Pregermination and seedling breeding, are as follows：
1) the sub- seedling of stolon is obtained：
After strawberry stolon pumping, upward rudiment and sub- seedling can be formed at its even number section position, when the gas of the sub- seedling of stolon Root length cuts off sub- seedling in 0.2~0.5cm from stolon, and in 500 times of 50% carbendazim of sub- seedling incision Liquid carries out disinfection, and prepares to be used for aerial fog cultivation；
2) celery Pregermination and seedling breeding：
When strawberry maternal plant stolon pumping, start celery seedling raising work：
(1) it chooses the strong celery seed of cold resistance to carry out invading kind of a vernalization, celery seed is put into cold water and is soaked seed for 24 hours, is made It fully absorbs water, and then rubs and eluriates 2 times, is carried out disinfection to seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2% concentration, the time 20 Minute, clear water is wrapped after cleaning with breathable gauze, wet towel covering, vernalization under the conditions of 16~20 DEG C, during vernalization, daily It stirs seed 1 time, is eluriated 1 time with clear water within every 2 days, sowed when thering is 60%~70% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) it sows：
Method sowing is broadcast using wet, bottom water is first watered in nursery furrow before broadcasting, after oozing under water, the seed of bud will have been urged to mix on a small quantity Fine earth is equably broadcasted sowing in nursery furrow, broadcasting rear 0.4~0.6cm of earthing；
(3) seedling management：
Before emergence, daytime temperature is maintained at 20~25 DEG C, after seedling all sprouts, and daytime temperature is maintained at 18~23 DEG C, night temperature Degree is maintained at 10~16 DEG C, during nursery, pours small water, keeps ground moistening, after seedling rough leaf is unfolded, carries out just Secondary thinning, 1~1.5cm of spacing；The 2nd thinning is carried out when 3 true leaf expansion, 2~3cm of spacing is advisable, is poured after each thinning small Water glosss over a fault.
The step of cultivation stalwartness strawberry seedling described in technical solution, is as follows：
1) the sub- seedling of stolon cut in obtaining the sub- seedling step of stolon is cultivated using aerial fog cultivation method；
(1) preparation that mist cultivation nutrient fluid is matched；
The strawberry seedling cultivate the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula that uses for ammonium nitrate 120mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 236mg/L, epsom salt 492mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/L, seven water Zinc sulfate 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(2) equipment used in aerial fog cultivation method：
A. the mist training device used in the mist training method includes mainly liquid storage tank, solution feed pump, regulating valve, filter, pipe Road formula sterilizer, main pipeline, feed liquid pipeline connector, liquid feeding pipeline, atomizer, liquid back pipe road and mist train case；
B. mist training case is made of culture tank and cultivation plate, i.e., cultivation plate is the upper cover that mist trains case；
The nutrient solution spray intermittent time is controlled by the time relay, and nutrient solution uses duct type UVC ultraviolet disinfections Device carries out disinfection, and laminated filter is used in combination to carry out contaminant filter；
2) the sub- seedling field planting of stolon and management：
The sub- seedling field planting of stolon：
(1) the sub- seedling of stolon is wrapped into rhizome base portion with small sponge block, then filled in the field planting hole of cultivation plate, per hole 1 plant, 6~8cm of spacing in the rows, 8~10cm of line-spacing of field planting；
(2) a concentration of mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard of the 1st week mist cultivation nutrient fluid after the sub- seedling field planting of stolon is dense 1/4 times of degree, feed flow time are at interval of 3min sprayings 20s；Mist cultivation nutrient fluid concentration is increased into the mist in 2nd week and trains battalion 1/2 times of nutrient solution formula standard concentration, feed flow time are at interval of 5min sprayings 20s；It is dense from mist cultivation nutrient fluid after the 3rd week Degree increases to the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration, and after the 3rd week, plant root forms more, root system moisture holding capacity increasing By force, the feed flow time is set as at interval of 10min sprayings 20s；During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 22~28 DEG C, nighttime temperature It is maintained at 10~18 DEG C.
The step of strawberry seedling harvesting described in technical solution is colonized with celery is as follows：
1) grow up on mist training case when the sub- seedling of strawberry stolon to when more than three leaves, one core being more than 10 with new root quantity, Harvest the seedling as strawberry production；
2) celery field planting and management：
(1) after strawberry seedling is harvested from mist training case, mist is trained and carries out celery field planting when case is vacant to be come out, and spacing in the rows 15~ 20cm, 25~30cm of line-spacing, cultivation plate according to spacing in the rows, line-spacing replace；
(2) nutrient solution prescription used by the training of celery mist is ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium nitrate 303mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 354mg/L, potassium sulfate 174mg/L, epsom salt 246mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/ L, white vitriol 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, five water sulfuric acid Copper 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(3) a concentration of preceding 2 weeks mist cultivation nutrient fluids after being colonized are the celery mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration 1/3 times, the feed flow time is at interval of 4min sprayings 20s；3rd week 1/2 times that nutrient solution concentration is increased to normal concentration, feed flow Time is at interval of 6min sprayings 20s；Increase to normal concentration from nutrient solution concentration after the 4th week, the feed flow time be at interval of 12min sprayings 20s；During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 16~20 DEG C, and nighttime temperature is maintained at 10~15 DEG C.
The step of strawberry greenhouse production described in technical solution, is as follows：
1) it after strawberry seedling harvesting, cultivates in the greenhouse, at the beginning of resident time is August end to September, before field planting, removes stubble, In conjunction with site preparation, per 667m2Soil applies turf and each 3m of decomposed farm manure3, plough deeply ridging, width 80cm under ridge is wide on ridge 60cm, the high 25cm of ridge platform；After site preparation, high temperature close plastic shed 20~25 days is simultaneously dried；
2) strawberry is colonized：
(1) single ridge duplicate rows plants seedling, and spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 25cm are irrigated using under-film drip irrigation, and the after field planting the 20th It, imposes a NPK balance fertilizer, average every plant of 6g；
(2) after strawberry enters initial bloom stage, by honeybee import greenhouse, while paying attention to cold-proof, heat preservation, day temperature control At 23~28 DEG C, night temperature control is at 10~18 DEG C；
(3) in amino acid foliage fertilizer of Spraying in the flowering stage and boron fertilizer, to improve fruit-setting rate and fruit quality, in fruiting period, It pours water 1 time within every 7 days, and 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is imposed every 1 clear water, impose composite fertilizer 12kg per acre every time；
(4) at the beginning of being August end to September due to the resident time of strawberry in the greenhouse, greenhouse preceding crop can be according to market feelings Condition plants the crops such as one batch of muskmelon, watermelon, improves productivity effect.
Harvesting described in technical solution refers to：
It cultivates according to the northern area strawberry seedling and is carried out with the production method of celery crop rotation, strawberry fresh fruit is on New Year's Day It is listed to being harvested during the Spring Festival, celery collecting time timely collecting before and after New Year's Day according to the market demand.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. northern area strawberry seedling of the present invention cultivates the strawberry seedling in the production method with celery crop rotation Breeding is realized using mist culture method, i.e., after strawberry stolon pumping, chooses the sub- seedling of stolon for just growing aerial root, It is colonized in cultivation plate, nutrient solution is then sprayed on plant root position with mist intermittence, to provide nutrient And moisture, promote the sub- seedling root system development of stolon and growth, cultivates seedling.Since the production method is to hang the root of plant In incubator, plant does not contact with soil, and planting environment cleaning can not only hinder to avoid the pest and disease damage of soil-borne and continuous cropping Hindering, and can fully meet the needs of root system is to oxygen, improves the growing environment of plant, growth of seedling is fast, and seedling is healthy and strong, Well developed root system, transplanting easily survive.In addition, during strawberry seedling breeding, nutrient solution supply is conveyed by solution feed pump, and labour is strong It spends low, is conducive to large-scale production, has a extensive future.
2. the high-efficiency method for producing of strawberry seedling breeding of the present invention and celery crop rotation, is efficiently mainly reflected in:
1) by providing the aerial fog cultivation nutrient solution of Optimum formulae for the sub- seedling of strawberry stolon, promote growth, can breed Go out healthy and strong high-quality strawberry seedling, so that strawberry field yield and fruit quality are promoted；
2) strawberry seedling breeding is combined by this method with celery crop rotation, and it is reasonable that crops for rotation arrange, and multiple crop index is high, production effect Benefit improves.Since northern area strawberry mostly carries out field field planting during at the beginning of August end to September, i.e. strawberry seedling is needed in September part It is front and back to cultivate, it is produced for field.After strawberry seedling is harvested from mist training facility, i.e., mist training production facility is not busy It sets out, and the period northern area temperature is begun to decline, it is larger that mist trains difficulty of the facility for reproduction；This method combination celery Dish biological characteristics, the celery for selecting cold resistance strong carries out crop rotation as succession crop, and is harvested first 50 days in strawberry seedling Left and right begins preparing for the work of celery Pregermination and seedling breeding, and after strawberry seedling is harvested from mist training facility, i.e., mist training production facility is vacant Celery can be colonized when out at once, shortens the intermittent time between preceding crop and succession crop, uses mist to train in this way Facility can also produce one batch of celery, and production method crops for rotation design and crop collocation are reasonable, take full advantage of production facility and Soil increases product income, improves productivity effect.
Description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of northern area strawberry seedling cultivation and the production method of celery crop rotation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is northern area strawberry seedling cultivation of the present invention and the gas employed in the production method of celery crop rotation The stem system structure composition schematic diagram that nutrient solution is supplied in mist culture apparatus；
Fig. 3 is northern area strawberry seedling cultivation of the present invention and the mist employed in the production method of celery crop rotation Train box structure composition schematic diagram；
In figure：1. liquid storage tank, 2. solution feed pumps, 3. regulating valves, 4. filters, 5. duct type sterilizers, 6. main pipelines, 7. Feed liquid pipeline connector (hose), 8. feed liquid pipelines, 9. atomizers, 10. back liquid pipelines, 11. culture tanks, 12. cultivation plates, 13. field planting hole, 14. plant.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Northern area strawberry seedling of the present invention, which is cultivated, to carry out with the production method of celery crop rotation in greenhouse.
Refering to fig. 1, steps are as follows for the production method of the cultivation of northern area strawberry seedling and celery crop rotation of the present invention：
1. strawberry maternal plant is cultivated
1) strawberry maternal plant culture substrate is prepared：
By 3 kinds of turf, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff matrix by volume 2:1:1 mixing opposes spray using the seedling bacterium of a concentration of 800 times of liquid Wet basis matter covers film and surrounding is obturaged carry out sterilizing, film is taken off after 7 days after stirring evenly；
2) it selects virus-free healthy and strong strawberry as maternal plant in early April, is colonized in maternal plant culture substrate, matrix 55%~70%, daytime temperature is controlled at 20~28 DEG C for relative humidity control；
3) after maternal plant slow seedling, according to plant growing way, N P and K balance fertilizer was imposed 1 time at interval of 15 days, each amount of application is Average every plant of 6~8g.
2. obtaining the sub- seedling of stolon and preparing celery Pregermination and seedling breeding
1) the sub- seedling of stolon is obtained：
After strawberry stolon pumping, upward rudiment and sub- seedling can be formed at its even number section position, when the gas of the sub- seedling of stolon Root length cuts off sub- seedling in 0.2~0.5cm from stolon, and in 500 times of 50% carbendazim of sub- seedling incision Liquid carries out disinfection, and prepares to be used for aerial fog cultivation；
2) celery Pregermination and seedling breeding：
When strawberry maternal plant stolon pumping, start celery seedling raising work：
(1) it chooses the strong celery seed of cold resistance to carry out invading kind of a vernalization, celery seed is put into cold water and is soaked seed for 24 hours, is made It fully absorbs water, and then rubs and eluriates 2 times, is carried out disinfection to seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2% concentration, the time 20 Minute, clear water is wrapped after cleaning with breathable gauze, wet towel covering, vernalization under the conditions of 16~20 DEG C, during vernalization, daily It stirs seed 1 time, is eluriated 1 time with clear water within every 2 days, sowed when the seed of more than half shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
(2) it sows：
Method sowing is broadcast using wet, bottom water is first watered in nursery furrow before broadcasting, after oozing under water, the seed of bud will have been urged to mix on a small quantity Fine earth is equably broadcasted sowing in nursery furrow, broadcasting rear 0.4~0.6cm of earthing；
(3) seedling management：
Before emergence, daytime temperature is maintained at 20~25 DEG C, after seedling all sprouts, and daytime temperature is maintained at 18~23 DEG C, night temperature Degree is maintained at 10~16 DEG C, during nursery, pours small water, keeps ground moistening, after seedling rough leaf is unfolded, carries out just Secondary thinning, 1~1.5cm of spacing；The 2nd thinning is carried out when 3 true leaf expansion, 2~3cm of spacing is advisable, is poured after each thinning small Water glosss over a fault；
3. cultivating healthy and strong strawberry seedling
1) mist training method is used to cultivate the sub- seedling of stolon cut in obtaining the sub- seedling step of stolon；It is used Mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula and mist training equipment are as follows：
(1) preparation of mist cultivation nutrient fluid；
The strawberry seedling cultivate the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula that uses for ammonium nitrate 120mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 236mg/L, epsom salt 492mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/L, seven water Zinc sulfate 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(2) equipment used in mist training method；
A. referring to Fig.2, the mist training device used in the mist training method includes mainly liquid storage tank 1, solution feed pump 2, regulating valve 3, filter 4, duct type sterilizer 5, main pipeline 6, feed liquid pipeline connector 7, liquid feeding pipeline 8, atomizer 9, liquid back pipe road 10, mist trains case；
B. refering to Fig. 3, mist training case is made of culture tank 11 and cultivation plate 12, i.e., cultivation plate 12 is that mist trains the upper of case Lid.
The erection sequence that mist trains each component in device is as shown in Figure 2.The nutrient solution spray intermittent time passes through the time relay (model：DH48S-S it) controls, nutrient solution is carried out disinfection using duct type UVC ultraviolet sterilizers, laminated filter is used in combination Carry out contaminant filter.
2) the sub- seedling field planting of stolon and management：
The sub- seedling field planting of stolon：
(1) the above-mentioned sub- seedling of stolon is wrapped into rhizome base portion with small sponge block, then fills in the field planting of cultivation plate 12 In hole 13,1 plant, 6~8cm of spacing in the rows, 8~10cm of line-spacing is colonized per hole；
(2) a concentration of mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard of the 1st week mist cultivation nutrient fluid after the sub- seedling field planting of stolon is dense 1/4 times of degree, feed flow time are at interval of 3min sprayings 20s；Mist cultivation nutrient fluid concentration above-mentioned nutrient solution was increased in 2nd week to match 1/2 times of square normal concentration, feed flow time are at interval of 5min sprayings 20s；It is increased to from mist cultivation nutrient fluid concentration after the 3rd week Above-mentioned nutrient solution prescription normal concentration, after the 3rd week, plant root forms more, and the enhancing of root system moisture holding capacity, the feed flow time is set as At interval of 10min sprayings 20s；During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 22~28 DEG C, and nighttime temperature is maintained at 10~18 DEG C；
4. strawberry seedling harvests and celery field planting management
1) when the sub- seedling of strawberry stolon mist training case on grow up to three leaves wholeheartedly more than, new root quantity be more than 10 when, can To harvest the seedling as strawberry production；
2) celery field planting and management：
(1) after strawberry seedling is harvested from mist training case, i.e., mist is trained and carries out celery field planting when case is vacant to be come out, and spacing in the rows 15~ 20cm, 25~30cm of line-spacing (cultivation plate according to spacing in the rows, line-spacing can replace)；
(2) nutrient solution prescription used by the training of celery mist is ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium nitrate 303mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 354mg/L, potassium sulfate 174mg/L, epsom salt 246mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/ L, white vitriol 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, five water sulfuric acid Copper 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(3) be colonized after preceding 2 weeks mist cultivation nutrient fluids it is a concentration of described in celery mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration 1/3 Times, the feed flow time is at interval of 4min sprayings 20s；3rd week 1/2 times that nutrient solution concentration is increased to normal concentration, when feed flow Between at interval of 6min spray 20s；Increase to normal concentration from nutrient solution concentration after the 4th week, the feed flow time be at interval of 12min sprayings 20s；During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 16~20 DEG C, and nighttime temperature is maintained at 10~15 DEG C；
5. strawberry greenhouse production
1) it after strawberry seedling harvesting, cultivates in the greenhouse, at the beginning of resident time is August end to September, before field planting, removes stubble, In conjunction with site preparation, per 667m2Soil applies turf and each 3m of decomposed farm manure3, plough deeply ridging, width 80cm under ridge is wide on ridge 60cm, the high 25cm of ridge platform；After site preparation, high temperature close plastic shed 20~25 days is simultaneously dried；
2) strawberry is colonized：
(1) single ridge duplicate rows plants seedling, and spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 25cm are irrigated using under-film drip irrigation, and the after field planting the 20th It, imposes a NPK balance fertilizer, average every plant of 6g；
(2) after strawberry enters initial bloom stage, by honeybee import greenhouse, while paying attention to cold-proof, heat preservation, day temperature control At 23~28 DEG C, night temperature control is at 10~18 DEG C；
(3) in amino acid foliage fertilizer of Spraying in the flowering stage and boron fertilizer, to improve fruit-setting rate and fruit quality, in fruiting period, It pours water 1 time within every 7 days, and 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is imposed every 1 clear water, impose composite fertilizer 12kg per acre every time；
(4) at the beginning of being August end to September due to the resident time of strawberry in the greenhouse, greenhouse preceding crop can be according to market feelings Condition plants the crops such as one batch of muskmelon, watermelon, improves productivity effect.
6. harvesting
It cultivates according to strawberry seedling of the present invention and is carried out with the high-efficiency method for producing of celery crop rotation, strawberry fresh fruit can be New Year's Day to during the Spring Festival harvest listing, celery collecting time can according to the market demand before and after New Year's Day timely collecting.
Embodiment 1：
1. strawberry maternal plant is cultivated
1) strawberry maternal plant culture substrate is prepared：By 3 kinds of turf, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff matrix by volume 2:1:1 mixing, uses The seedling bacterium enemy of a concentration of 800 times of liquid squirts matrix, and film is covered after stirring evenly and surrounding is obturaged carry out sterilizing, 7 days After take off film；
2) it selected virus-free healthy and strong strawberry as maternal plant April 3, is colonized in maternal plant culture substrate, kind For beauty, to humid control 55%~70%, daytime temperature is controlled at 20~28 DEG C discrete phase；
3) after maternal plant slow seedling, according to plant growing way, N P and K balance fertilizer was imposed 1 time at interval of 15 days, each amount of application is Average every plant of 6g.
2. obtaining the sub- seedling of stolon and preparing celery Pregermination and seedling breeding
1) the sub- seedling of stolon is obtained:
After strawberry stolon pumping, upward rudiment and sub- seedling can be formed at its even number section position, when the gas of the sub- seedling of stolon Root length cuts off sub- seedling in 0.2~0.5cm from stolon, and in 500 times of 50% carbendazim of sub- seedling incision Liquid carries out disinfection, and prepares to be used for aerial fog cultivation；
2) celery Pregermination and seedling breeding:
When strawberry maternal plant stolon pumping, start celery seedling raising work:
(1) it chooses the strong celery seed of cold resistance to carry out invading kind of a vernalization, celery seed is put into cold water and is soaked seed for 24 hours, is made It fully absorbs water, and then rubs and eluriates 2 times, is carried out disinfection to seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2% concentration, the time 20 Minute, clear water is wrapped after cleaning with breathable gauze, wet towel covering, vernalization under the conditions of 16 DEG C；During vernalization, stir daily Seed 1 time is eluriated 1 time for every 2 days with clear water, and the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is sowed when being more than half；
(2) it sows：
Method sowing is broadcast using wet, bottom water is first watered in nursery furrow before broadcasting, after oozing under water, the seed of bud will have been urged to mix on a small quantity Fine earth, uniform broadcasting is in nursery furrow, broadcasting rear 0.4~0.6cm of earthing；
(3) seedling management：
Before emergence, temperature is maintained at 20~25 DEG C daytime, and Qi Miaohou, daytime temperature is maintained at 18~23 DEG C, nocturnal temperature It is maintained at 10~16 DEG C.During nursery, small water is poured, keeps ground moistening.；After seedling rough leaf is unfolded, carry out just Secondary thinning, 1~1.5cm of spacing；The 2nd thinning is carried out when 3 true leaves, 2~3cm of spacing is advisable, and small water is poured after each thinning more Seam.
3. cultivating healthy and strong strawberry seedling：
1) mist training method is used to cultivate the sub- seedling of stolon cut in obtaining the sub- seedling step of stolon；It is used Mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula and mist training equipment are as follows：
(1) formula of mist cultivation nutrient fluid:
The strawberry seedling cultivate the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula that uses for ammonium nitrate 120mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 236mg/L, epsom salt 492mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/L, seven water Zinc sulfate 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(2) equipment used in mist training method:
Used in the mist training method mist training device mainly include liquid storage tank 1, solution feed pump 2, regulating valve 3, filter 4, Duct type sterilizer 5, main pipeline 6, feed liquid pipeline connector 7, liquid feeding pipeline 8, atomizer 9, liquid back pipe road 10, mist train case；
The mist training case is made of culture tank 11 and cultivation plate 12, i.e., cultivation plate 12 is the upper cover that mist trains case.
The erection sequence that mist trains each component in device is as shown in Figure 2.The nutrient solution spray intermittent time passes through the time relay (model：DH48S-S it) controls, nutrient solution is carried out disinfection using duct type UVC ultraviolet sterilizers, laminated filter is used in combination Carry out contaminant filter.
2) the sub- seedling field planting of stolon and management：
The sub- seedling field planting of stolon：The above-mentioned sub- seedling of stolon is wrapped into rhizome base portion with small sponge block, it is fixed then to fill in It plants in hole, 1 plant, spacing in the rows 6cm, line-spacing 8cm is colonized per hole.On the 1st week mist cultivation nutrient fluid after stolon seedling field planting is a concentration of State nutrient solution prescription normal concentration 1/4 times, feed flow time are at interval of 3min sprayings 20s；2nd week dense by mist cultivation nutrient fluid Degree increases to 1/2 times of above-mentioned nutrient solution prescription normal concentration, and the feed flow time is at interval of 5min sprayings 20s；After the 3rd week Mist cultivation nutrient fluid concentration increases to above-mentioned nutrient solution prescription normal concentration, and after the 3rd week, plant root forms more, root system water holding Ability enhances, and the feed flow time is set as at interval of 10min sprayings 20s.During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 22~28 DEG C, night Between temperature be maintained at 10~18 DEG C.
It is colonized with celery 4. strawberry seedling is harvested
1) mist was trained seedling (four leaves, one core, new root quantity are at 10~14) healthy and strong on case in 23 in August to harvest, is made It is used for greenhouse production for seedling.
2) celery field planting and management：
(1) after strawberry seedling is harvested from mist training case i.e. mist training case it is vacant out when, cleaning mist trains case, and carries out celery Field planting, uses spacing in the rows for 15cm, and line-spacing is that the cultivation plate 12 of 30cm is colonized.
(2) nutrient solution prescription used by the training of celery mist is ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium nitrate 303mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 354mg/L, potassium sulfate 174mg/L, epsom salt 246mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/ L, white vitriol 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, five water sulfuric acid Copper 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L.
(3) be colonized after preceding 2 weeks mist cultivation nutrient fluids it is a concentration of described in celery mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration 1/3 Times, the feed flow time is at interval of 4min sprayings 20s；3rd week 1/2 times that nutrient solution concentration is increased to normal concentration, when feed flow Between at interval of 6min spray 20s；Increase to normal concentration from nutrient solution concentration after the 4th week, the feed flow time be at interval of 12min sprayings 20s.During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 16~20 DEG C, and nighttime temperature is maintained at 10~15 DEG C.
5. strawberry greenhouse production
1) it after strawberry seedling harvesting, cultivates in the greenhouse, which is watermelon, and watermelon uproots plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time as July 18, stubble is removed after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, in conjunction with site preparation, per 667m2Soil applies turf and each 3m of decomposed farm manure3, ridging is ploughed deeply, Width 80cm under ridge, width 60cm, the high 25cm of ridge platform on ridge.After site preparation, high temperature close plastic shed 20 days is simultaneously dried.
2) strawberry resident time is August 23 days, and single ridge duplicate rows plants seedling, spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 25cm, using under-film drip irrigation into Row is irrigated；The 20th day after field planting, a N P and K balance fertilizer is imposed, average every plant of 6g.After strawberry enters initial bloom stage, By honeybee import greenhouse, notice that cold-proof, heat preservation, day temperature are controlled at 23~28 DEG C, night temperature control is at 10~18 DEG C.At the florescence An amino acid foliage fertilizer and boron fertilizer are sprayed, to improve fruit-setting rate and fruit quality.In fruiting period, pour water 1 time within every 7 days, and every 1 Secondary clear water imposes 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, imposes composite fertilizer 12kg per acre every time.
6. harvesting
Strawberry fruit is ripe successively in late December in greenhouse, starts harvesting listing.Celery collecting time is according to market price Lattice situation starts to harvest in early January.
Embodiment 2：
1. strawberry maternal plant is cultivated：
1) strawberry maternal plant culture substrate is prepared：By 3 kinds of turf, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff matrix by volume 2:1:1 mixing, uses The seedling bacterium enemy of a concentration of 800 times of liquid squirts matrix, and film is covered after stirring evenly and surrounding is obturaged carry out sterilizing, 7 days After take off film.
2) it selected virus-free healthy and strong strawberry as maternal plant April 8, is colonized in maternal plant culture substrate, kind Fragrant for good fortune, to humid control 55%~70%, daytime temperature is controlled at 20~28 DEG C discrete phase.
3) after maternal plant slow seedling, according to plant growing way, N P and K balance fertilizer was imposed 1 time at interval of 15 days, each amount of application is Average every plant of 8g.
2. obtaining the sub- seedling of stolon and preparing celery Pregermination and seedling breeding：
1) the sub- seedling of stolon is obtained：
After strawberry stolon pumping, upward rudiment and sub- seedling can be formed at its even number section position, when the gas of the sub- seedling of stolon Root length cuts off sub- seedling in 0.2~0.5cm from stolon, and in 500 times of 50% carbendazim of sub- seedling incision Liquid carries out disinfection, and prepares to be used for aerial fog cultivation.
2) celery Pregermination and seedling breeding：
When strawberry maternal plant stolon pumping, start celery seedling raising work：
(1) it chooses the strong celery seed of cold resistance to carry out invading kind of a vernalization, celery seed is put into cold water and is soaked seed for 24 hours, is made It fully absorbs water, and then rubs and eluriates 2 times.It is carried out disinfection to seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2% concentration, the time 20 Minute, clear water is wrapped after cleaning with breathable gauze, wet towel covering, vernalization under the conditions of 20 DEG C.During vernalization, stir daily Seed 1 time is eluriated 1 time for every 2 days with clear water, and the seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally is sowed when being more than half；
(2) it sows：
Method sowing is broadcast using wet, bottom water is first watered in nursery furrow before broadcasting, after oozing under water, the seed of bud will have been urged to mix on a small quantity Fine earth, uniform broadcasting is in nursery furrow, broadcasting rear 0.4~0.6cm of earthing；
(3) seedling management：
Before emergence, temperature is maintained at 20~25 DEG C daytime, and Qi Miaohou, daytime temperature is maintained at 18~23 DEG C, nocturnal temperature It is maintained at 10~16 DEG C.During nursery, small water is poured, keeps ground moistening.After seedling rough leaf is unfolded, carry out first Thinning, 1~1.5cm of spacing；The 2nd thinning is carried out when 3 true leaves, 2~3cm of spacing is advisable, and small water is poured after each thinning and is glossed over a fault.
3. cultivating healthy and strong strawberry seedling：
1) mist training method is used to cultivate the sub- seedling of stolon cut in obtaining the sub- seedling step of stolon；It is used Mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula and mist training equipment are as follows：
(1) formula of mist cultivation nutrient fluid；
The strawberry seedling cultivate the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula that uses for ammonium nitrate 120mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 136mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 236mg/L, epsom salt 492mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/L, seven water Zinc sulfate 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(2) equipment used in mist training method；
Used in the mist training method mist training device mainly include liquid storage tank 1, solution feed pump 2, regulating valve 3, filter 4, Duct type sterilizer 5, main pipeline 6, feed liquid pipeline connector 7, liquid feeding pipeline 8, atomizer 9, liquid back pipe road 10, mist train case；
The mist training case is made of culture tank 11 and cultivation plate 12, i.e., cultivation plate 12 is the upper cover that mist trains case.
The erection sequence that mist trains each component in device is as shown in Figure 2.The nutrient solution spray intermittent time passes through the time relay (model：DH48S-S it) controls, nutrient solution is carried out disinfection using duct type UVC ultraviolet sterilizers, laminated filter is used in combination Carry out contaminant filter.
2) the sub- seedling field planting of stolon and management：
The sub- seedling field planting of stolon：
(1) the above-mentioned sub- seedling of stolon is wrapped into rhizome base portion with small sponge block, then fills in the field planting of cultivation plate 12 In hole 13,1 plant, spacing in the rows 8cm, line-spacing 10cm is colonized per hole.
(2) a concentration of mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard of the 1st week mist cultivation nutrient fluid after the sub- seedling field planting of stolon is dense 1/4 times of degree, feed flow time are at interval of 3min sprayings 20s；Mist cultivation nutrient fluid concentration is increased into the mist in 2nd week and trains battalion 1/2 times of nutrient solution formula standard concentration, feed flow time are at interval of 5min sprayings 20s；It is dense from mist cultivation nutrient fluid after the 3rd week Degree increases to the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration, and after the 3rd week, plant root forms more, root system moisture holding capacity increasing By force, the feed flow time is set as at interval of 10min sprayings 20s.During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 22~28 DEG C, nighttime temperature It is maintained at 10~18 DEG C.
It is colonized with celery 4. strawberry seedling is harvested
1) mist seedling (four leaves, one core, new root quantity are at 10~15) healthy and strong on case was trained in 5 in September to harvest, as Seedling is used for greenhouse production.
2) celery field planting and management：
(1) when strawberry seedling from mist training case on harvest after i.e. mist training case it is vacant out when, cleaning mist training case simultaneously carry out celery Field planting, uses spacing in the rows for 20cm, and line-spacing is that the cultivation plate 12 of 25cm is colonized.
(2) nutrient solution prescription used by the training of celery mist is ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium nitrate 303mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 354mg/L, potassium sulfate 174mg/L, epsom salt 246mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/ L, white vitriol 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, five water sulfuric acid Copper 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(3) be colonized after preceding 2 weeks mist cultivation nutrient fluids it is a concentration of described in celery mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration 1/3 Times, the feed flow time is at interval of 4min sprayings 20s；3rd week 1/2 times that nutrient solution concentration is increased to normal concentration, when feed flow Between at interval of 6min spray 20s；Increase to normal concentration from nutrient solution concentration after the 4th week, the feed flow time be at interval of 12min sprayings 20s.During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 16~20 DEG C, and nighttime temperature is maintained at 10~15 DEG C.
5. strawberry greenhouse production
1) it after strawberry seedling harvesting, cultivates in the greenhouse, which is muskmelon, and muskmelon uproots plants after their edible portions have been harvested the time as July 26, stubble is removed after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, in conjunction with site preparation, per 667m2Soil applies turf and each 3m of decomposed farm manure3, ridging is ploughed deeply, Width 80cm under ridge, width 60cm, the high 25cm of ridge platform on ridge；After site preparation, high temperature close plastic shed 25 days is simultaneously dried；
2) strawberry resident time is September 5 days, and single ridge duplicate rows plants seedling, spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 25cm, using under-film drip irrigation into Row is irrigated；The 20th day after field planting, a N P and K balance fertilizer is imposed, average every plant of 6g.Strawberry enters initial bloom stage Afterwards, by honeybee import greenhouse, notice that cold-proof, heat preservation, day temperature are controlled at 23~28 DEG C, night temperature control is at 10~18 DEG C. Amino acid foliage fertilizer of Spraying in the flowering stage and boron fertilizer, to improve fruit-setting rate and fruit quality.In fruiting period, pour water 1 time within every 7 days, And 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is imposed every 1 clear water, impose composite fertilizer 12kg per acre every time.
6. harvesting
Strawberry fruit is ripe successively in early January in greenhouse, starts harvesting listing.Celery starts to harvest in mid-January.
Different production method test results compare：
After breeding strawberry seedling using method of the present invention, it is cultivated in the greenhouse.Meanwhile designing control examination It tests, the cultivation effect of the strawberry seedling obtained with other mating systems (draw stem is kept down the vines of a creeping plant, matrix cuttage, tissue cultures are bred) carries out Compare.
Test index：Strawberry initial bloom stage and fruit expanding period blade Determination of Chlorophyll total content are tested respectively and plant root is lived Power, and the yield of different experimental plots is counted, yield is converted to per mu yield.Test result is listed in Table 1 below.
The result of implementation of the different production methods of table 1 compares
As can be seen from Table 1, with other breeding methods (draw stem keep down the vines of a creeping plant, matrix cuttage, tissue cultures breeding) compared with, adopt The seedling obtained with method for strawberry seedling breeding of the present invention has apparent advantage in field produces, either first Florescence or fruit expanding period, blade Determination of Chlorophyll total content and root activity are higher, and field yield is also highest, Average product amplification is 10% or so.
It can be cultivated using northern area strawberry seedling breeding of the present invention and the high-efficiency method for producing of celery crop rotation Go out high-quality, healthy and strong strawberry seedling, to which the improvement of promotion and fruit quality for strawberry field yield is laid a good foundation, simultaneously This method combination celery biological characteristics can also produce one batch of celery using corresponding mist training facility, and it is reasonable that crops for rotation arrange, multiple cropping Index is high, increases product income, improves productivity effect.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of northern area strawberry seedling cultivates the production method with celery crop rotation, which is characterized in that the northern strawberry The step of seedling fostering and the production method of celery crop rotation, is as follows：
1) strawberry maternal plant is cultivated；
2) it obtains the sub- seedling of stolon and prepares celery Pregermination and seedling breeding；
3) healthy and strong strawberry seedling is cultivated；
4) strawberry seedling harvesting is colonized with celery；
5) strawberry greenhouse production；
6) it harvests.
2. northern area strawberry seedling described in accordance with the claim 1 cultivates the production method with celery crop rotation, which is characterized in that The step of strawberry maternal plant is cultivated is as follows：
1) strawberry maternal plant culture substrate is prepared：
By 3 kinds of turf, vermiculite, coconut palm chaff matrix by volume 2:1:1 mixing squirts base using the seedling bacterium enemy of a concentration of 800 times of liquid Matter covers film and surrounding is obturaged carry out sterilizing, film is taken off after 7 days after stirring evenly；
2) it selects virus-free healthy and strong strawberry as maternal plant in early April, is colonized in maternal plant culture substrate, discrete phase pair 55%~70%, daytime temperature is controlled at 20~28 DEG C humid control；
3) after maternal plant slow seedling, according to plant growing way, N P and K balance fertilizer was imposed 1 time at interval of 15 days, each amount of application is average Every plant of 6~8g.
3. northern area strawberry seedling described in accordance with the claim 1 cultivates the production method with celery crop rotation, which is characterized in that The step of sub- seedling of acquisition stolon and preparation celery Pregermination and seedling breeding, is as follows：
1) the sub- seedling of stolon is obtained：
After strawberry stolon pumping, upward rudiment and sub- seedling can be formed at its even number section position, when the aerial root of the sub- seedling of stolon Length cuts off sub- seedling in 0.2~0.5cm from stolon, and is carried out with 50% carbendazim, 500 times of liquid in sub- seedling incision Disinfection prepares to be used for aerial fog cultivation；
2) celery Pregermination and seedling breeding：
When strawberry maternal plant stolon pumping, start celery seedling raising work：
(1) it chooses the strong celery seed of cold resistance to carry out invading kind of a vernalization, celery seed is put into cold water and is soaked seed for 24 hours, it is made to fill Divide water suction, then rub and eluriate 2 times, carried out disinfection to seed with the liquor potassic permanganate of 0.2% concentration, the time is 20 points Clock, clear water are wrapped after cleaning with breathable gauze, and wet towel covering, vernalization under the conditions of 16~20 DEG C during vernalization, is stirred daily Seed 1 time is eluriated 1 time with clear water, is sowed when having 60%~70% seed to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally for every 2 days；
(2) it sows：
Method sowing is broadcast using wet, bottom water is first watered in nursery furrow before broadcasting, after oozing under water, the seed of bud will have been urged to mix a small amount of thin Soil is equably broadcasted sowing in nursery furrow, broadcasting rear 0.4~0.6cm of earthing；
(3) seedling management：
Before emergence, daytime temperature is maintained at 20~25 DEG C, after seedling all sprouts, and daytime temperature is maintained at 18~23 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is protected It holds at 10~16 DEG C, during nursery, pours small water, keep ground moistening, after seedling rough leaf is unfolded, between carrying out for the first time Seedling, 1~1.5cm of spacing；The 2nd thinning is carried out when 3 true leaf expansion, 2~3cm of spacing is advisable, and small water is poured after each thinning more Seam.
4. northern area strawberry seedling described in accordance with the claim 1 cultivates the production method with celery crop rotation, which is characterized in that The step of described cultivation stalwartness strawberry seedling, is as follows：
1) the sub- seedling of stolon cut in obtaining the sub- seedling step of stolon is cultivated using aerial fog cultivation method；
(1) preparation that mist cultivation nutrient fluid is matched；
The strawberry seedling cultivates the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula used as ammonium nitrate 120mg/L, potassium nitrate 506mg/L, phosphoric acid Potassium dihydrogen 136mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 236mg/L, epsom salt 492mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/L, seven water sulfuric acid Zinc 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.025mg/ L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(2) equipment used in aerial fog cultivation method：
A. the mist training device used in the mist training method includes mainly liquid storage tank (1), solution feed pump (2), regulating valve (3), filtering Device (4), main pipeline (6), feed liquid pipeline connector (7), liquid feeding pipeline (8), atomizer (9), returns at duct type sterilizer (5) Liquid pipeline (10) trains case with mist；
B. mist training case is made of culture tank (11) and cultivation plate (12), i.e., cultivation plate (12) is the upper cover that mist trains case；
The nutrient solution spray intermittent time is controlled by the time relay, nutrient solution using duct type UVC ultraviolet sterilizers into Row disinfection, is used in combination laminated filter to carry out contaminant filter；
2) the sub- seedling field planting of stolon and management：
The sub- seedling field planting of stolon：
(1) the sub- seedling of stolon is wrapped into rhizome base portion with small sponge block, then filled in the field planting hole (13) of cultivation plate (12), 1 plant, 6~8cm of spacing in the rows, 8~10cm of line-spacing is colonized per hole；
(2) mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration described in the 1st week mist cultivation nutrient fluid after the field planting of stolon seedling is a concentration of 1/4 times, the feed flow time is at interval of 3min sprayings 20s；Mist cultivation nutrient fluid concentration was increased to the mist cultivation nutrient fluid in 2nd week 1/2 times of formula standard concentration, feed flow time are at interval of 5min sprayings 20s；Increase from mist cultivation nutrient fluid concentration after the 3rd week To the mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration, after the 3rd week, plant root forms more, root system moisture holding capacity enhancing, feed flow Time is set as at interval of 10min sprayings 20s；During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 22~28 DEG C, and nighttime temperature is maintained at 10 ~18 DEG C.
5. northern area strawberry seedling described in accordance with the claim 1 cultivates the production method with celery crop rotation, which is characterized in that The step of strawberry seedling harvesting is colonized with celery is as follows：
1) grow up on mist training case when the sub- seedling of strawberry stolon to when more than three leaves, one core being more than 10 with new root quantity, harvesting work For the seedling of strawberry production；
2) celery field planting and management：
(1) after strawberry seedling is harvested from mist training case, mist is trained and carries out celery field planting when case is vacant to be come out, 15~20cm of spacing in the rows, 25~30cm of line-spacing, cultivation plate (12) according to spacing in the rows, line-spacing replace；
(2) nutrient solution prescription used by the training of celery mist is ammonium nitrate 80mg/L, potassium nitrate 303mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100mg/L, four water-calcium nitrate 354mg/L, potassium sulfate 174mg/L, epsom salt 246mg/L, four water manganese sulfate 11.2mg/L, White vitriol 6.88mg/L, boric acid 2.28mg/L, potassium iodide 0.83mg/L, Sodium Molybdate Dihydrate 0.25mg/L, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.025mg/L, CoCL2 6H2O 0.025mg, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate iron 20mg/L；
(3) be colonized after preceding 2 weeks mist cultivation nutrient fluids it is a concentration of be the 1/3 of the celery mist cultivation nutrient fluid formula standard concentration Times, the feed flow time is at interval of 4min sprayings 20s；3rd week 1/2 times that nutrient solution concentration is increased to normal concentration, when feed flow Between at interval of 6min spray 20s；Increase to normal concentration from nutrient solution concentration after the 4th week, the feed flow time be at interval of 12min sprayings 20s；During mist training, daytime temperature is maintained at 16~20 DEG C, and nighttime temperature is maintained at 10~15 DEG C.
6. northern area strawberry seedling described in accordance with the claim 1 cultivates the production method with celery crop rotation, which is characterized in that The step of described strawberry greenhouse production, is as follows：
1) it after strawberry seedling harvesting, cultivates in the greenhouse, at the beginning of resident time is August end to September, before field planting, removes stubble, in conjunction with Site preparation, per 667m2Soil applies turf and each 3m of decomposed farm manure3, plough deeply ridging, width 80cm under ridge, width 60cm on ridge, ridge The high 25cm of platform；After site preparation, high temperature close plastic shed 20~25 days is simultaneously dried；
2) strawberry is colonized：
(1) single ridge duplicate rows plants seedling, and spacing in the rows 20cm, line-spacing 25cm are irrigated using under-film drip irrigation, the 20th after field planting day, A NPK balance fertilizer is imposed, average every plant of 6g；
(2) after strawberry enters initial bloom stage, by honeybee import greenhouse, while paying attention to cold-proof, heat preservation, day temperature is controlled 23 ~28 DEG C, night temperature control is at 10~18 DEG C；
(3) in amino acid foliage fertilizer of Spraying in the flowering stage and boron fertilizer, to improve fruit-setting rate and fruit quality, in fruiting period, every 7 days It pours water 1 time, and 1 nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is imposed every 1 clear water, impose composite fertilizer 12kg per acre every time；
(4) at the beginning of being August end to September due to the resident time of strawberry in the greenhouse, greenhouse preceding crop can be according to market situation kind The crops such as one batch of muskmelon, watermelon are planted, productivity effect is improved.
7. northern area strawberry seedling described in accordance with the claim 1 cultivates the production method with celery crop rotation, which is characterized in that The harvesting refers to：
It cultivates according to the northern area strawberry seedling and is carried out with the production method of celery crop rotation, strawberry fresh fruit is on New Year's Day to spring Listing, celery collecting time timely collecting before and after New Year's Day according to the market demand are harvested during section.
CN201810196909.7A 2018-03-10 2018-03-10 Production method for strawberry seedling breeding and celery rotation in northern area Expired - Fee Related CN108476954B (en)

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