CN112106633A - Three-dimensional crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons - Google Patents
Three-dimensional crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons, which comprises the following steps: 1) facility selection: adopting a planting frame with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, wherein the planting frame is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, planting grooves are arranged on the planting frame, and a plurality of nutrition bowls are arranged in each planting groove; 2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety; 3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 7 months, and the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 10 months. The stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for the strawberries and the melons solves the continuous cropping problem after the strawberry soil cultivation, realizes the tight crop rotation with the melons such as the watermelons, can harvest two crops of watermelons within 5-10 months, and improves the utilization rate of a greenhouse by 33%; low cost, easy popularization and good economic prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cultivation mode of crops, in particular to a three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode of strawberries and melons.
Background
The existing strawberry cultivation mode is as follows: soil cultivation or strawberry groove medium cultivation, wherein the cultivation period is from the first 9 months to the end of the next four months per year.
The existing strawberry cultivation mode has the defects that: 1) the strawberry absorbs all the soil nutrition, so that other crops cannot be cultivated in four months of 5-8 months, and the greenhouse is idle for one third of time; 2) the strawberry cultivated in the soil is muddy on the ground, the cultivation height is low, the picking experience is poor, and the economic benefit is low; 3) the watermelon is changed and cultivated at the beginning of the five months of the strawberry trough substrate cultivation, the first-stage watermelon can be harvested till the end of 8 months, the cultivation efficiency is low, and the workload of changing and adding the substrate is large.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects, the invention aims to provide a stereoscopic rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons.
The technical scheme of the invention is summarized as follows:
a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons comprises the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m passageway, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 7 months, and the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 10 months.
Preferably, the three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode of strawberry and melon, wherein the step 3) three-dimensional rotation specifically is: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; and placing the nutrition pot for planting the second-stage watermelons in the planting groove for planting.
Preferably, the three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode of strawberry and melon, wherein, strawberry plant interval is 0.2m, and two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove.
Preferably, the strawberry and melon three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode is characterized in that the spacing between watermelon plants is 0.4m, and a main branch and a lateral branch are reserved on each watermelon plant.
Preferably, the strawberry and melon three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode is characterized in that a substrate is arranged in the nutrition pot, and the substrate comprises 50-60 parts of turf, 30-40 parts of coconut coir and 10-20 parts of perlite. The composition is useful for providing nutrients and maintaining the amount of beneficial microbial flora for plant growth.
Preferably, the three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode of the strawberries and the melons is characterized in that the substrate further comprises 3-5 parts of inorganic fertilizer.
Preferably, the strawberry and melon three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode comprises, by weight, 6-8 parts of urea, 2-4 parts of magnesium nitrate, 10-12 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.3 part of manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.04-0.06 part of boric acid and 0.1-0.6 part of calcium nitrate. The inorganic fertilizer added in the invention contains various nutrient elements such as N, P, K, Ca, B, Mn and the like, so that the essential nutrient elements for the germination and growth of strawberries and melons are ensured, the growth of the strawberries and the melons is promoted, the quality of the strawberries and the melons is improved, and the drought resistance and the water retention capability are enhanced.
Preferably, the strawberry and melon three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode is characterized in that the substrate further comprises 2-4 parts of vinasse. The vinasse is a direct leftover in the brewing process, contains grains in a certain proportion, can save concentrate for feeding cattle, contains rich crude protein which is 2-3 times higher than the content of corn, contains various trace elements, vitamins, saccharomycetes and the like, has high content of lysine, methionine and tryptophan and improves nutrition for plant growth.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode of the strawberries and the melons solves the continuous cropping problem after the strawberry soil cultivation, realizes the tight crop rotation with the melons such as the watermelons, can harvest two crops of watermelons within 5-10 months, and improves the utilization rate of a greenhouse by 33 percent; the strawberries and the watermelons are cultivated in a three-dimensional mode, so that the strawberry watermelon picking machine is more suitable for picking, high in customer experience and high in selling price, and brings better economic benefits; compared with the existing drip irrigation cultivation mode of strawberry and watermelon rotation, one more watermelon can be harvested, the economic benefit of watermelon cultivation is improved by 100%, and the labor time for replacing a large amount of substrates is saved; low cost, easy popularization and good economic prospect.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
The region: suzhou city, Jiangsu province.
Planting field: a single multi-span greenhouse is 8 meters wide by 44 meters long.
Planting area: the width of 8m is multiplied by the length of 40m and multiplied by 2, 640 square meters is approximately equal to 1 mu.
Planting length: the effective planting length of the strawberries is 1200 meters, and the effective planting length of the watermelons is 600 meters
Example 1:
a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons comprises the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m passageway, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last 7 months is finished, the second stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 7 months, the last 10 months is finished, and the three-dimensional rotation specifically comprises the following steps: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; placing the nutrition pot for planting the second-stage watermelons in the planting groove for planting; the space between the strawberry plants is 0.2m, and two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove; the spacing between watermelon plants is 0.4m, a main branch and a side branch are reserved on each watermelon plant, a substrate is arranged in a nutrition pot, the substrate comprises 50 parts of turf, 30 parts of coconut husk, 10 parts of perlite, 3 parts of inorganic fertilizer and 2 parts of vinasse, and the inorganic fertilizer comprises 6 parts of urea, 2 parts of magnesium nitrate, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of manganese ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, 0.04 part of boric acid and 0.1 part of calcium nitrate in parts by weight.
Example 2:
a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m passageway, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last 7 months is finished, the second stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 7 months, the last 10 months is finished, and the three-dimensional rotation specifically comprises the following steps: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; the nutrition pot for planting the watermelons in the second stage is placed in planting grooves for planting, the distance between strawberry plants is 0.2m, two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove, the distance between watermelon plants is 0.4m, each plant is provided with a main branch and a side branch, a substrate is arranged in the nutrition pot, the substrate comprises 52 parts of turf, 34 parts of coconut chaff, 15 parts of perlite, 4 parts of inorganic fertilizer and 3 parts of vinasse, and the inorganic fertilizer comprises 7 parts of urea, 3 parts of magnesium nitrate, 11 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.25 part of manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.05 part of boric acid and 0.3 part of calcium nitrate in parts by weight.
Example 3:
a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons comprises the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m of passage, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames in an upper layer and a lower layer, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 7 months, and the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 10 months.
Step 3) the stereoscopic rotation specifically comprises the following steps: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; placing the nutrition pot for planting the second-stage watermelons in the planting groove for planting; the space between the strawberry plants is 0.2m, and two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove; the spacing between watermelon plants is 0.4m, and each watermelon plant is provided with a main branch and a side branch; the nutrition pot is internally provided with a substrate, the substrate comprises 60 parts of turf, 40 parts of coconut husk, 20 parts of perlite, 5 parts of inorganic fertilizer and 4 parts of vinasse, and the inorganic fertilizer comprises 8 parts of urea, 4 parts of magnesium nitrate, 12 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3 part of manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.06 part of boric acid and 0.6 part of calcium nitrate according to parts by weight.
Comparative example 1:
a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons comprises the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m passageway, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last 7 months is finished, the second stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 7 months, the last 10 months is finished, and the three-dimensional rotation specifically comprises the following steps: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; placing the nutrition pot for planting the second-stage watermelons in the planting groove for planting; the space between the strawberry plants is 0.2m, and two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove; the spacing between watermelon plants is 0.4m, a main branch and a side branch are reserved on each watermelon plant, a substrate is arranged in a nutrition pot, the substrate comprises 50 parts of turf, 10 parts of perlite, 3 parts of inorganic fertilizer and 2 parts of vinasse, and the inorganic fertilizer comprises 6 parts of urea, 2 parts of magnesium nitrate, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2 part of manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.04 part of boric acid and 0.1 part of calcium nitrate in parts by weight.
Comparative example 2:
a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m passageway, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last 7 months is finished, the second stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 7 months, the last 10 months is finished, and the three-dimensional rotation specifically comprises the following steps: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; the nutrition pot for planting the watermelons in the second stage is placed in planting grooves for planting, the distance between strawberry plants is 0.2m, two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove, the distance between watermelon plants is 0.4m, each plant is provided with a main branch and a side branch, a substrate is arranged in the nutrition pot, the substrate comprises 52 parts of turf, 34 parts of coconut chaff, 15 parts of perlite, 4 parts of inorganic fertilizer and 3 parts of vinasse, and the inorganic fertilizer comprises 7 parts of urea, 3 parts of magnesium nitrate, 11 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.25 part of manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate and 0.3 part of calcium nitrate in parts by weight.
Comparative example 3:
a stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons comprises the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m of passage, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames in an upper layer and a lower layer, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 7 months, and the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 10 months.
Step 3) the stereoscopic rotation specifically comprises the following steps: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; placing the nutrition pot for planting the second-stage watermelons in the planting groove for planting; the space between the strawberry plants is 0.2m, and two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove; the spacing between watermelon plants is 0.4m, and each watermelon plant is provided with a main branch and a side branch; the nutrition pot is internally provided with a substrate, the substrate comprises 60 parts of turf, 40 parts of coconut husk, 20 parts of perlite and 5 parts of inorganic fertilizer, and the inorganic fertilizer comprises 8 parts of urea, 4 parts of magnesium nitrate, 12 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 0.3 part of manganese ethylene diamine tetraacetate, 0.06 part of boric acid and 0.6 part of calcium nitrate according to parts by weight.
Receiving quantity: harvesting 0.5 kg of 5-crop-fruit of each strawberry, and the total amount is 6000 kg; each watermelon yielded 3 pieces, and a total of 9000 pieces.
By adopting the method of the embodiment 1, 0.5 kg of the harvested 5 crops of strawberries is harvested in 2017, the harvested strawberries are 6000 jin per mu on average, 15 yuan per jin on average, and the yield value is 90000 yuan; each watermelon has 3 fruits, total 9000 watermelon fruits, total 45000 catties, average 1.5 yuan each catty, and output value 67500 yuan each.
By adopting the method of the embodiment 2, 0.52 kg of fruits are harvested in 5 crops of each strawberry in 2017, the harvested strawberries are 6240 jin per mu, 15 yuan per jin and the yield value is 93600 yuan; each watermelon has 3 fruits, 9000 fruits, 46000 jin in total, 1.5 yuan in average and a yield of 69000 yuan.
By adopting the method of the embodiment 3, 0.55 kg of the 5-crop strawberries are harvested in 2017, the harvested strawberries are 6600 jin per mu, 15 yuan per jin and the yield value is 99000 yuan; each watermelon has 3 fruits, total 9000 watermelon plants, total 48000 catties, average 1.5 yuan per catty, and yield 72000 yuan.
By adopting the method of the comparative example 1, 0.4 kg of fruits are harvested in 5 crops of each strawberry in 2017, the harvested strawberries are 4800 jin per mu on average, 15 yuan per jin on average, and the yield value is 72000 yuan; the watermelon plants have 2 fruits, 6000 fruits in total, 30000 jin in total, 1.5 yuan per jin on average, and the output value of 45000 yuan.
By adopting the method of the comparative example 2, 0.43 kg of the fruits are harvested in 5 crops of each strawberry in 2017, the harvested strawberries are 5160 jin per mu, 15 yuan per jin and 77400 yuan in output value; each watermelon has 3 fruits, total 9000 watermelon plants, total 36000 catties, average 1.5 yuan per catty and the output value of 54000 yuan.
By adopting the method of the comparative example 3, 0.48 kg of the 5-crop strawberry is harvested in 2017, the harvested strawberries are 5760 jin per mu, 15 yuan per jin and 86400 yuan in output value; each watermelon has 3 fruits, total 9000 watermelon, total 40500 jin, average 1.5 yuan each jin, and yield 60750 yuan.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in all kinds of fields of application of the invention, and further modifications may readily be effected by those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A stereoscopic crop rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) facility selection: adopting planting frames with the length of 40m, the width of 0.4m and the height of 0.8m, arranging a row of planting grooves with the length of 40m, the width of 0.36m at every 0.6m passageway, arranging the planting grooves on the planting frames, and arranging 15 rows of double-layer planting grooves in one mu of land; a plurality of nutrition bowls are placed in each planting groove;
2) variety selection: selecting a red strawberry variety and an 8424 watermelon variety;
3) three-dimensional rotation: the strawberry cultivation is field planting in ten days of 9 months, and the end of 4 months in the next year; the watermelon cultivation is divided into two stages, wherein the first stage watermelon is planted for the first time in 4 months, the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 7 months, and the last stage watermelon is planted for the second time in 10 months.
2. The stereoscopic rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stereoscopic rotation of step 3) is specifically: in the last 9 th month, the watermelons in the second period on the upper layer of the planting groove come into the market, the nutrition bowls for planting the watermelons in the second period are placed in the middle of the lower layer of the planting groove for planting, and the nutrition bowls for planting the strawberries are placed on the two sides of the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for field planting; in the last 11 th month, the nutrition bowls for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer and the lower layer of the planting groove for planting; in the last 4 months of the next year, the nutrition pots for planting strawberries are placed in the upper layer of the planting frame for planting, and the nutrition pots for planting watermelons in the first period are placed in the lower layer of the planting grooves for planting; in the last ten days of 5 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period on the upper layer of the planting frame come into the market, and nutrition pots for planting the watermelons in the first period are placed in planting grooves in the lower layer for planting; in the last 7 months of the next year, watermelons in the first period of the upper planting groove come into the market, watermelons in the first period of the lower planting groove are planted, and nutrition bowls of watermelons in the second period of the lower planting groove are placed on two sides of the planting grooves for permanent planting; in the last ten days of 9 months in the next year, watermelons on the upper layer of the planting frame are on the market in the second period; and placing the nutrition pot for planting the second-stage watermelons in the planting groove for planting.
3. A strawberry and melon three-dimensional rotation cultivation mode according to claim 1, wherein the strawberry plants are spaced 0.2m apart, and two rows of strawberry plants are planted in each planting groove.
4. A strawberry and melon cultivation mode in three-dimensional rotation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the watermelon plants are spaced 0.4m apart, leaving one main branch and one lateral branch for each plant.
5. A strawberry and melon stereoscopic rotation cultivation mode according to claim 1, wherein a substrate is arranged in the nutrition pot, and comprises 50-60 parts of turf, 30-40 parts of coconut coir and 10-20 parts of perlite.
6. A stereoscopic rotation cultivation mode for strawberries and melons as claimed in claim 5, wherein the substrate further comprises 3-5 parts of inorganic fertilizer.
7. A strawberry and melon cultivation mode according to claim 6, wherein the inorganic fertilizer comprises 6-8 parts by weight of urea, 2-4 parts by weight of magnesium nitrate, 10-12 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-0.3 part by weight of manganese ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 0.04-0.06 part by weight of boric acid, and 0.1-0.6 part by weight of calcium nitrate.
8. A strawberry and melon cultivation mode according to claim 5, wherein the substrate further comprises 2-4 parts of vinasse.
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