CN108370830A - A kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain - Google Patents

A kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108370830A
CN108370830A CN201611068010.4A CN201611068010A CN108370830A CN 108370830 A CN108370830 A CN 108370830A CN 201611068010 A CN201611068010 A CN 201611068010A CN 108370830 A CN108370830 A CN 108370830A
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culture
parts
black pine
cucumber
culture base
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卢仁华
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05DINORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00Other inorganic fertilisers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05GMIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain, agricultural technology fields, it is characterized in that being carried out by following step:One, it is sporinite that extraction black pine thalline entity, which grinds powdering,;Two, culture medium prepares:40~50 parts of dry cornstalk slag, 20~30 parts of wood dust, grass cuttings are 30~40 parts broken, 20~30 parts of dry clay, 15~20 parts of fine sand, 8~10 parts of cow dung, and be uniformly mixed and become culture base-material;Three, culture greenhouse prepares;Four, culture medium goes out miscellaneous bacteria;Five, culture base-material fills out pond and plantation;Six, the management during growth:The mainly growth of management culture medium top cucumber, builds cucumber holder, keeps the darkness of culture base-material moist;Seven, fruiting time:Black pine growth time was best with 35~40 days, and cucumber also just ties okra fruit at this time, and the black pine thalline of underground is dug out after picking cucumber.

Description

A kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of black pine strain, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
Black pine (the entitled Tuber melanosporum of Latin, English are known as perigord truffle), also referred to as ferfas, It is a kind of wild edible fungi being grown on underground, outer surface is uneven, and color and luster is between dark-brown and black, in small convex Shape is played, throughout grey or the texture of light/dark balance and white.Because distributing special smell, just there are many artificial fascinated from ancient times. Usually side by side, it is known as cuisines " three big kings " with top food materials caviar, Foie Gras etc. in Europe.The growth conditions of black pine Harshness, yield is rare, and the minority for being as far as is known distributed mainly on Alps and the Himalaya is regional, therefore price It is extremely expensive.Black pine, commonly used in top food materials its personal value be in Europe it is arranged side by side with the advanced cuisines such as caviar, Foie Gras, It is known as cuisines " three big kings ".Since growth condition is harsh, annual worldwide production is very rare, therefore prices are rather stiff, Comparable to gold, " Black Diamond " that is referred to as on dining table.This color is pitch-dark, is abound with the sphere of hard scale and shell, like diamond Shape protrusion has mysterious life experience, more produces many mysteries and explanation.Not Stas is for the disciple Theo of Aristotle Greece's period unique botanist, he thinks that truffle is along with autumn rain and thunder and lightning and the plant of life;B.C. 1st century wishes Cured this section of doctor's Christian Dior Leech then thinks that truffle is a kind of taproot without stem and leaf;And Rome author Puli knob this more his 《Natural history》In think that heat, rainwater and thunder and lightning cause the sick elongated cocoon in soil so having grown extraordinary-looking truffle;The Renaissance After Roman Empire's decline that epoch, the sperm of stag allow natural biology to be become pregnant and grown truffle under the action of heat ..., people People shies away to it, it is all regarded as ominous incantation and accorded with by entire Europe, it is believed that it is the incarnation of demon.
The maturity period of black pine, usually best season was in December to secondary usually in the March in annual November to next year Between the March in year.The people of acquisition truffle is called " truffle hunter ", and each truffle hunter has a handed down from the older generations of the family treasure map with it, Record place, time and size that former generation once found truffle.The process for finding truffle is very interesting, and various countries hunter uses Method be also not quite similar.In France, people's custom is sow as the competent assistant of harvest black pine.The smell of sow is extremely It is sensitive, the truffle for being embedded in 25 centimetres of undergrounds to 30 centimetres of depths can be smelt in 6 meters of remote places.It is said that this is because truffle The taste of the male hormone sent out with smell and boar is quite similar, so sow shows special preference to it.But sow has The defect of gluttonous truffle insanely can ride out it to eat up if hunter does not stop in time when sow finds truffle.
Diamond modern scientific research data on dining table show that black pine contains abundant protein, 18 kinds of amino acid (packets Include 8 kinds of essential amino acids that human body cannot synthesize), unsaturated fatty acid, multivitamin, zinc, manganese, iron, calcium, phosphorus, selenium etc. must Need trace element and sphingolipid, cerebroside, ceramide, triterpene, androsterone, adenosine, truffle acid, sterol, truffle polysaccharide, The a large amount of metabolite such as truffle polypeptide has high healthy nutritive value.Wherein androsterone have it is supporing yang, conditioning it is endocrine Remarkable efficacy;Sphingolipid compound has obviously in terms of preventing senile dementia, atherosclerosis and antitumor cell toxicity Activity;Polysaccharide, polypeptide, triterpene have strengthen immunity, anti-aging, fatigue-resisting function, can be used for health-care body-nourishing.
The taste of mushroom, garlic, wet mud, honey, corn, bedbug, rotten leaf etc. is all once used to describe truffle fragrance, Also someone often says that they distribute Moschus, sperm and the sheet taste that do not wash year in year out.Even profession is heard fragrant teacher and is described in this way:Gasoline It is mingled with some garlicky and rotten egg tastes among taste, the breath for heap fermentation of falling leaves in some certain woods wetlands, mixing One yeast and honey flavour.What taste actually, everyone conclusion are different.
The mankind eat the history that black pine has more than 2000 years, wherein the most prevailing with France, Italy, Spain. Europe fresh food black pine when, fresh black pine is first cut into very thin thin slice with special food slicer, then with butter, Italy Cheese is sprinkling upon together in lasagne or Italian hollow powder, it is stated that taste is very good.The traditional eating method of France is with black Truffle fried egg, is cut into small fourth block by fresh black pine and is put into egg and stir evenly, stand overnight make the taste of black pine fully into Enter in egg liquid, then conventional decoct is fried.As famous dish, juice is done with beefsteak in France and Italian exclusive restaurant with black pine In it is very famous.
The earliest record in relation to black pine comes from B.C. 350 years.Ancient Greece man Theophrastus was claimed at that time It is the Jupiter god thunder and lightning impact soil creation on Mt. Olympus.Ancient Roman scholar Pliny thinks its unrooted, nothing Stem, without leaf but can growth and development, be a mystery of nature.Until Christian era 19th-century, scientist just determines that black pine is one Kind is grown on the rare fungi of underground.Black pine be grown in remote, thickly forested mountains in the trees such as pine, rubber under primary soil in, with tree The wooden root symbiosis forms mycorhiza, February of the maturity period in November to the next year in annual winter.The price is very expensive for truffle, Likened to eatable black diamond in Europe.
Modern scientific research finds, (including human body cannot close for the protein containing wide variety in truffle, 18 kinds of amino acid At 8 kinds of essential amino acids), unsaturated fatty acid, multivitamin, zinc, manganese, iron, calcium, phosphorus, the essential trace elements such as selenium, with And sphingolipid, cerebroside, ceramide, triterpene, androsterone, adenosine, truffle acid, sterol, truffle polysaccharide, truffle polypeptide etc. are a large amount of Metabolite.Report is recorded according to the study, and mushroom polysaccharide, polypeptide, triterpene have strengthen immunity, anti-aging, antifatigue effect Deng;Androsterone has the conditioning endocrine remarkable efficacy of men and women;Sphingolipid compound prevent senile dementia, atherosclerosis with And having apparent activity etc. in terms of antitumor, anti-cell toxicity, the presence of these rare native compounds may constitute truffle The material base of mystery effect.
China black pine place of production is concentrated mainly on Yunnan Province and Sichuan Province and its surrounding area, the wherein larger main product of yield Area, which includes the Huidong County in Yunnan Province, to be managed, Gaoligong Shan Mountain, and (Panzhihua City is known as the " block of China at present on the ground such as Sichuan Province's Panzhihua The township of bacterium ").Chinese black pine kind is complicated, according to《Literature Review of Tuber Species in China》It indicates, China's truffle kind up to tens Kind, but practical only 5 kinds or so with higher edible value.For general black pine before no full maturity, epidermis is soft And it is fine and smooth, cross section is creamy white or grey;After maturation, epidermis is hard and has intensive verruca, and cross section white is big Reason stone lines is more apparent.The higher black pine bacterium fragrance of quality is full, a kind of more unique nasal receptor of people is given, according to state The detection and analysis of inside and outside biologist, ripe black pine is containing up to ten several above aromatic series native compounds.At present With the fast development of Chinese truffle industry, the truffle resource in Yunnan and Sichuan increasingly depleted, market business price also with When the river rises the boat goes up.
Black pine is very fastidious to growing environment, can not as long as the pH-value of sunlight, moisture or soil varies slightly Growth, is the delicious food that cannot uniquely carry out plantation in good order in the world.Truffle can be grown under one tree, and side has been seen Come the same another one tree but cannot, so far people be also confused about why.It is different from the general mushroom such as mushroom, pine The spore of dew is not propagated by wind, gnaws the animal of truffle by those to propagate.Truffle is mainly grown in rubber , can not free living existence this is because truffle cannot carry out photosynthesis under tree, hazel, beech and lime, it is necessary to by with Symbiosis between certain tree roots obtains nutrient.
Invention content
In order to be the edible strain that can manually cultivate by the culture of black pine bacterium, a kind of training of black pine bacterium of my invention The black pine bacterium purity of the method for supporting, this cultural method culture is high, normal growth, and safety is good.
A kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain solve the problems, such as to adopt the technical scheme that by following step into Row:One, strain prepares:Ripe black pine thalline is removed the peel, it is sporinite or sporinite that extraction thalline entity, which grinds powdering, The conidia powder of aggregate;Two, culture medium prepares:40~50 parts of dry cornstalk slag, 20~30 parts of wood dust, grass cuttings broken 30~40 Part, 20~30 parts of dry clay, 15~20 parts of fine sand, 8~10 parts of cow dung, and be uniformly mixed as culture base-material;Three, culture is big Canopy prepares:Greenhouse is cultivated, light transmittance should be shaded with the enhancing with sunlight, keep shade luminous intensity, culture is set in greenhouse Pond, 0.5~0.6 meter of culture base-material depth in pond;Four, culture medium goes out miscellaneous bacteria:Culture base-material is heated to 70 DEG C~80 DEG C one point Naturally temperature is reduced after clock to 20 DEG C~30 DEG C;Five, culture base-material fills out pond and plantation:Culture base-material after high-temperature sterilization is loaded Enter culture pond, when loading depth 20cm~30cm is sprinkled into black pine conidia powder, and surface sprinkles Lasiosphaera fenzlii strain conidia powder, and spreading is close Degree:1g~1.5g/m2, it is further continued for loading culture base-material 30cm~20cm, is slightly flattened with tablet, after top dibbling cucumber seeds Clear water is sprayed to humidity;Six, the management during growth:The mainly growth of management culture medium top cucumber, builds cucumber Holder keeps the darkness of culture base-material moist, keeps soil moisture content to be not less than 16%, suitably sprays water when dry;Keep greenhouse 25 DEG C~30 DEG C of interior temperature is as the temperature for urging the mushroom phase;Seven, fruiting time:Black pine growth time with 35~40 days be it is best, Cucumber also just ties okra fruit at this time, and the black pine thalline of underground is dug out after picking cucumber.
A kind of advantageous effect of the artificial culture method of black pine strain is:A kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain It is mixed with clay, fine sand using several plant clast, black pine growing environment in natural imitation, and is planted on culture base-material Cucumber is planted, it can be that black pine thalline makees parasitism in the way of the intake of nutrition that cucumber, which enriches flourishing root system, be black pine Symbiotic characteristic and dependency characteristic create conditions, successfully turn out the black pine edible thalline of precious deliciousness.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain is mainly pressed following step and is carried out:One, strain prepares:By maturation Black pine thalline is removed the peel, and extraction thalline entity grinds the conidia powder that powdering is sporinite or sporinite aggregate;Two, culture medium Prepare:40~50 parts of dry cornstalk slag, 20~30 parts of wood dust, grass cuttings are 30~40 parts broken, 20~30 parts of dry clay, fine sand 15 ~20 parts, 8~10 parts of cow dung, and be uniformly mixed as culture base-material;Three, culture greenhouse prepares:Greenhouse is cultivated, light transmittance should be with Shade with the enhancing of sunlight, keep shade luminous intensity, sets culture pond in greenhouse, culture base-material depth 0.5~0.6 in pond Rice;Four, culture medium goes out miscellaneous bacteria:Culture base-material was heated to 70 DEG C~80 DEG C after one minute reduces temperature to 20 DEG C~30 naturally ℃;Five, culture base-material fills out pond and plantation:Culture base-material after high-temperature sterilization is filled into culture pond, loading depth 20cm~ Black pine conidia powder is sprinkled into when 30cm, surface sprinkles Lasiosphaera fenzlii strain conidia powder, spreading density:1g~1.5g/m2, it is further continued for loading Culture base-material 30cm~20cm is slightly flattened with tablet, and clear water is sprayed after top dibbling cucumber seeds to humidity;Six, strain is given birth to Long-standing management:The mainly growth of management culture medium top cucumber, builds cucumber holder, keeps the darkness tide of culture base-material It is wet, it keeps soil moisture content to be not less than 16%, suitably sprays water when dry;25 DEG C~30 DEG C conducts of canopy temperature are kept to urge the mushroom phase Temperature;Seven, fruiting time:Black pine growth time was best with 35~40 days, and cucumber also just ties okra fruit at this time, picks cucumber The black pine thalline of underground is dug out afterwards.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain, it is characterized in that being carried out by following step:One, strain prepares:It will be at Ripe black pine thalline peeling, extraction thalline entity grind the conidia powder that powdering is sporinite or sporinite aggregate;Two, it trains It is standby to support benchmark:40~50 parts of dry cornstalk slag, 20~30 parts of wood dust, grass cuttings are 30~40 parts broken, 20~30 parts of dry clay, thin 15~20 parts of sand, 8~10 parts of cow dung, and be uniformly mixed as culture base-material;Three, culture greenhouse prepares:Cultivate greenhouse, light transmittance It should be shaded with the enhancing with sunlight, keep shade luminous intensity, set culture pond in greenhouse, culture base-material depth 0.5 in pond ~0.6 meter;Four, culture medium goes out miscellaneous bacteria:Culture base-material was heated to 70 DEG C~80 DEG C after one minute reduces temperature to 20 DEG C naturally ~30 DEG C;Five, culture base-material fills out pond and plantation:Culture base-material after high-temperature sterilization is filled into culture pond, loading depth 20cm Black pine conidia powder is sprinkled into when~30cm, surface sprinkles Lasiosphaera fenzlii strain conidia powder, spreading density:1g~1.5g/m2, it is further continued for filling out Culture base-material 30cm~20cm is filled, is slightly flattened with tablet, clear water is sprayed after top dibbling cucumber seeds to humidity;Six, strain The management of growth period:The mainly growth of management culture medium top cucumber, builds cucumber holder, keeps the darkness of culture base-material Humidity keeps soil moisture content to be not less than 16%, suitably sprays water when dry;25 DEG C~30 DEG C conducts of canopy temperature are kept to urge mushroom The temperature of phase;Seven, fruiting time:Black pine growth time was best with 35~40 days, and cucumber also just ties okra fruit at this time, and picking is yellow The black pine thalline of underground is dug out after melon.
CN201611068010.4A 2016-11-28 2016-11-28 A kind of artificial culture method of black pine strain Withdrawn CN108370830A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110583359A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-12-20 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Truffle in-situ tending microbial inoculum and preparation and use method thereof
TWI714499B (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-12-21 耕詮股份有限公司 Method for inoculating economically valuable truffles to Castanea plants to form mycorrhizal seedlings

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110583359A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-12-20 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 Truffle in-situ tending microbial inoculum and preparation and use method thereof
TWI714499B (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-12-21 耕詮股份有限公司 Method for inoculating economically valuable truffles to Castanea plants to form mycorrhizal seedlings

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Application publication date: 20180807

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