CN108243830B - Kiwi fruit planting method - Google Patents
Kiwi fruit planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108243830B CN108243830B CN201810242344.1A CN201810242344A CN108243830B CN 108243830 B CN108243830 B CN 108243830B CN 201810242344 A CN201810242344 A CN 201810242344A CN 108243830 B CN108243830 B CN 108243830B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of vegetables, flowers, rice, fruit trees, grapes, hops or sea vegetables, and discloses a kiwi fruit planting method which comprises the steps of land preparation, interplanting, seedling growing, frame building, shaping, fertilization, pest damage, pollination and the like. The invention solves the problem that in the prior art, after the kiwi fruits bear fruits, the fruits are easy to fall off in strong wind.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cultivation of vegetables, flowers, rice, fruit trees, grapes, hops or sea vegetables, and particularly relates to a kiwi fruit planting method.
Background
Kiwi fruit (famous name: Actinidia chinensis Planch), also called exotic fruit, is a fruit which is oval, green-brown in early appearance, red-brown after ripening, and covered with dense villi on the surface. The product is soft, and has sour and sweet taste, and is rich in organic substances such as actinidine, proteolytic enzyme, tannin pectin, saccharide, trace elements such as calcium, potassium, selenium, zinc, germanium, vitamin C, glucose, citric acid, and malic acid. The kiwi fruit juice has the effects of stabilizing emotion, reducing cholesterol, helping digestion, preventing constipation, quenching thirst, promoting urination and protecting heart, so that the market demand of kiwi fruit is high, and the kiwi fruit juice is a preferred item for most of growers.
The kiwi fruits are generally planted in sandy soil which is rich in organic matters, good in water permeability and strong in water retention capacity, and places which are good in ventilation, convenient to traffic, sufficient in illumination, close to water sources, moderate in rainfall and slightly high in humidity are needed to serve as garden building fields. The above-described garden environment, however, causes the following problems: when the kiwi fruits bear fruit, the fruits are easy to fall off due to the fact that no shelter is arranged in the strong wind; and the stability of sandy soil is not strong, which is easy to cause collapse of the kiwi fruit trees.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a kiwi fruit planting method, and aims to solve the problem that fruits are easy to drop in strong wind days after kiwi fruits bear fruits in the prior art.
In order to realize the aim, the invention provides the following technical scheme that the kiwi fruit planting method comprises the steps of land preparation, seedling, shaping and fertilization,
A. interplanting:
1-2 years before the kiwi fruit is planted, planting the bare roller trees in a planting field, wherein the row spacing of the bare roller trees is 8-10m, and the plant spacing of each row of the bare roller trees is 4-5 m;
B. seedling:
selecting kiwi fruit seedlings with the height of 30-40cm and the root diameter of 0.9-1cm for planting, planting two rows of kiwi fruit seedlings between two adjacent rows of bare stick trees, wherein the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 3-5m, and the distance between the kiwi fruit seedlings and the bare stick trees is 1.5-3.5 m; the plant spacing of each row of kiwi seedlings is 3-4 m;
C. building a frame:
fixing mounting columns at a position 2-2.5m away from the ground of the smooth rod tree, arranging the mounting columns in a criss-cross mode, and fixing by using iron wires; the distance between the transverse mounting columns and the distance between the longitudinal mounting columns are both 40-55 cm;
D. fertilizing:
watering the planting field once every 25-30 days 3 months before planting the kiwi fruit seedlings, wherein the water amount per time is 2-3L per square meter; spraying a phoxim solution with the concentration of 10-15% to a planting field once 2 months before planting, wherein the spraying amount is 1-1.5L per square meter; 1 month before planting, mixing plant ash into the soil of the planting field, wherein the mixing amount of the plant ash is 200 plus 300g per square meter;
after the kiwi seedlings are planted, watering the kiwi seedlings with the watering amount of 300-; fertilizing once every 25-30 days 1-5 months after planting, wherein the fertilizing amount is 150 g/plant; fertilizing once every 50-60 days after planting for 5 months, wherein the fertilizing amount is 200-280 g/plant; meanwhile, the juice of the Guangli stick tree is scattered at a position 1-2m away from the kiwi fruit tree every 100-120 days;
E. disease and pest harm:
spraying a mixed solution of Bordeaux and Baume lime sulfur with the concentration of 12-15% every 3 months after the kiwi seedlings are planted for 2-3 months, wherein the volume ratio of the Bordeaux and the Baume lime sulfur in the mixed solution is 1:1.5, and the spraying amount is 400-500 ml/plant;
F. pollination:
and (3) pollinating female kiwi flowers by an artificial pollination method.
The technical principle of the scheme is as follows:
loosening soil of a planting field before planting, and planting bare-stick trees in the planting field before planting kiwi fruits. After the smooth rod trees grow for a period of time, watering the planting field, mixing plant ash in the soil, and then selecting healthy kiwi fruit seedlings for planting. The kiwi fruit seedlings need to be watered and fertilized regularly after being planted to promote the growth of the kiwi fruit seedlings, and the boldo and baume lime sulfur mixture mixed solution is sprayed regularly to kill insects, so that insect pests are avoided. After the kiwi fruit seedlings grow for a period of time, the rack is built on the smooth stick tree, and the kiwi fruit seedlings can climb conveniently. When the kiwi fruit tree blooms, the kiwi fruit tree is shaped and is subjected to artificial pollination.
The technical effect that this scheme can produce is:
1. according to the technical scheme, the bare roller trees are interplanted in the planting field, leaves of the bare roller trees are few, and sufficient illumination can be obtained when the kiwi fruit trees grow; meanwhile, when the supporting rods of the smooth stick tree are contacted, the supporting rods can be rapidly wound together to form a better supporting effect, the frame building can be facilitated, the mounting columns can be kept stable, and fruits can be prevented from falling off after fruiting;
2. the bare stick trees are planted two years in advance, so that the bare stick trees grow high when the kiwi fruits are planted, a good windproof space is created for the kiwi fruits, and meanwhile, the juice of the bare stick trees has certain toxicity, can prevent insect pests, and enables the pests in a planting field to be fewer;
3. moreover, by interplanting the bare-stick trees and setting the distance between the bare-stick trees and the kiwi fruit trees, the kiwi fruit trees can be positioned in insect-proof areas created by the bare-stick trees, and the kiwi fruit trees can be prevented from being damaged by juice to the maximum extent;
4. the bare stick tree needs less nutrition, so that the growth of the kiwi fruit tree can be prevented from being influenced; moreover, the root system of the smooth rod tree is developed, the effect of grabbing the ground is achieved, the ground of the planting field can be compact, and collapse of the kiwi fruit tree can be avoided.
The following are preferred schemes based on the above scheme:
the first preferred scheme is as follows: based on the basic scheme, in the step B, before planting, the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in warm water at the temperature of 40-47 ℃ for 20-30 min.
Has the advantages that: the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked, so that the effect of killing insects can be achieved, and the root knot nematode disease can be inhibited.
The preferred scheme II is as follows: based on the first preferred scheme, in the step B, before planting, the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in warm water, and then are soaked for 10-20min by using a nutrient solution.
Has the advantages that: the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked by the nutrient solution, so that the growth can be promoted, and insect damage can be prevented.
The preferable scheme is three: based on a second preferred scheme, the nutrient solution used in the step B is a mixed solution of ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate and ferrous sulfate; wherein the volume ratio of the ammonium sulfate, the potassium nitrate and the ferrous sulfate is 1:1:1, and the concentration of the prepared mixed solution is 5-8%.
Has the advantages that: through the nutrient solution of above-mentioned ratio, can provide multiple element for the kiwi fruit seedling growth to promote the growth of kiwi fruit seedling, can make the result rate higher simultaneously.
The preferable scheme is four: based on any one of the basic scheme to the preferred scheme III, in the step B, when the kiwi fruit seedlings are planted, the number of female plants is 3-4 times that of male plants.
Has the advantages that: by matching the male plant and the female plant, the flowering rate of the kiwi fruits is higher, and the fruiting rate is also higher.
The preferable scheme is five: based on the fourth preferred scheme, the fertilizer used in the step D is a mixture of urea, a phosphate fertilizer, a potash fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, and the mass part ratio of the urea, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the organic fertilizer is 1:1:1.5: 2.
Has the advantages that: through the mixing of various fertilizers, required nutrient elements can be provided for the growth of the kiwi fruit seedlings.
The preferable scheme is six: based on the fifth preferred scheme, when fertilizing in the step D, digging a hole with the depth of 8-12cm at a position 30-50cm away from the kiwi fruit tree, and placing the fertilizer in the hole.
Has the advantages that: the fertilizer can act on the root system and is transmitted upwards through the transmission pipe in the kiwi fruit tree, so that the influence is provided for the whole kiwi fruit tree; meanwhile, the situation that the nutrition is lost due to the movement of the fertilizer can be avoided.
The preferable scheme is seven: based on the sixth preferred scheme, in the step B, before the kiwi fruit saplings are planted, a water collecting pipe is pre-buried in a planting field, a plurality of through holes are formed in the upper surface of the water collecting pipe, and then a screen is arranged in the through holes; the screen is provided with water-absorbing cotton threads, one end of each water-absorbing cotton thread is positioned in the water collecting pipe, and the other end of each water-absorbing cotton thread is positioned in the planting field.
Has the advantages that: the collector pipe can be when rivers are abundant, collect moisture through the through-hole to screen cloth on the through-hole can avoid earth to block up the through-hole, makes the smooth entering collector of water store in. When the kiwi fruit tree is dry, water in the water collecting pipe is guided to the soil through the water absorbing cotton threads, and water is provided for the growth of the kiwi fruit tree.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below by way of specific embodiments:
the parameters of the kiwi fruit planting method are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1
Now, the method for planting kiwi fruits according to the present invention will be described by taking example 1 as an example.
The kiwi fruit planting method comprises the following steps:
A. land preparation:
selecting a place with convenient traffic, flat terrain, good ventilation and sufficient illumination as a planting field, loosening the soil and digging a drainage channel.
B. Interplanting:
before 1.5 years of planting kiwi fruits, planting smooth rod trees with the height of 30cm at 9m row spacing and 4.5m plant spacing. Two water collecting pipes are pre-buried between two adjacent rows of smooth rod trees, a plurality of through holes are formed in the upper surfaces of the water collecting pipes, a screen is arranged in each through hole, and water absorbing cotton threads are fixed on the screen, so that the bottom ends of the water absorbing cotton threads are located in the water collecting pipes, and the other ends of the water absorbing cotton threads are located in the planting field.
C. Fertilizing:
watering the planting field once every 28 days 3 months before planting the kiwi fruit seedlings to ensure that the planting field has sufficient water, wherein the watering amount is 2.5L/square meter every time. And 2 months before planting, spraying 13% octyl sulfuric acid solution to the planting field once, wherein the spraying amount is 1.3L per square meter, and the method is used for killing insects on the planting field and reducing the insect pests of the kiwi fruit seedlings after planting. And 1 month before planting, spreading the plant ash into the planting field, and uniformly mixing the plant ash and the soil, wherein the spread amount of the plant ash is 260 g/square meter.
D. Seedling:
selecting kiwi fruit seedlings with the height of 38cm and the diameter of rootstocks of 1cm as seedlings, wherein the number of female plants is 3 times of that of male plants, soaking roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings in warm water at 44 ℃ for 25min before planting, taking out the roots, draining water, and soaking the roots in a container filled with nutrient solution for 15 min. The nutrient solution is a mixed solution with the concentration of 7 percent prepared by ammonium sulfate, potassium nitrate and ferrous sulfate according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1. And then the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings are dried and planted.
During planting, two rows of kiwi fruit seedlings are planted between two adjacent rows of bare stick trees, the row spacing between the kiwi fruit seedlings is 4m, the plant spacing is 3.5m, and the row spacing between the kiwi fruit seedlings and the bare stick trees is 2.5 m. After the kiwi fruits are planted, each kiwi fruit seedling is watered, and the watering amount is 350ml per kiwi fruit seedling.
E. Building a frame:
fixing mounting columns at a position 2.3m away from the ground of the smooth rod tree, arranging the mounting columns in a criss-cross mode, and fixing the mounting columns by using iron wires; the distance between the transverse mounting column and the longitudinal mounting column is 50 cm; and a climbing rod is inserted beside the kiwi fruit seedlings, so that the kiwi fruit seedlings grow upwards along the climbing rod.
F. Fertilizing:
fertilizing once every 28 days 1-5 months after planting, wherein the fertilizing amount is 130 g/plant, digging a hole with the depth of 10cm at the position 40cm away from the kiwi fruit tree during fertilizing, and then throwing the fertilizer into the hole. The fertilizer used in the fertilization is a mixture prepared by mixing urea, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and organic fertilizer according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1.5: 2. After 5 months of planting, fertilizing once every 58 days, wherein the fertilizing amount is 240g per plant.
G. Disease and pest harm:
after 3 months of planting of the kiwi fruit seedlings, spraying 13% Bordeaux mixture and Baume lime sulphur mixture mixed solution every 3 months, wherein the volume ratio of the Bordeaux mixture to the Baume lime sulphur mixture is 1:1.5, and the spraying amount is 450ml per plant. Meanwhile, the juice of the Guangtong stick tree is scattered at a position 1.7m away from the kiwi fruit tree every 118 days.
H. Shaping:
removing the luxuriant part of the support rods on the kiwi fruit tree, and removing the withered flowers.
I. Pollination:
and (5) performing pollination by adopting an artificial pollination mode.
Examples 2 to 6 differ from example 1 only in the parameters.
Example 2: the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 8m, the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 4m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 3m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings and the smooth rod trees is 1.5m, the watering interval time of 3 months before the kiwi fruit is planted is 25 days, the watering amount of each time is 2L/square meter, the concentration of the phoxim solution sprayed in 2 months before the kiwi fruit is planted is 10%, the spraying amount is 1L/square meter, the amount of the plant ash mixed in 1 month before the kiwi fruit is planted is 200 g/square meter, the watering amount after the kiwi fruit is planted is 200 ml/plant, the fertilizing period of 1-5 months after the planting is 25 days, the fertilizing amount of each time is 100 g/plant, the fertilizing period after 5 months is 50 days, the fertilizing amount of each time is 200 g/plant, the period of the juice of the smooth rod trees is 100 days, the distance between the juice of the smooth rod trees and the kiwi fruit trees is 1m, and the concentration of the bauhinia mixture solution is 12%, the amount of the mixed solution of Bordeaux and Baumeite sulfur is 400 ml/plant, the water temperature for soaking the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 40 ℃, the warm water soaking time is 20min, the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in the nutrient solution for 10min, and the concentration of the nutrient solution is 5%.
Example 3: the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 8.6m, the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 4.3m, the row spacing of kiwi fruit seedlings is 3.3m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 3.1m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings and the smooth rod trees is 1.8m, the watering interval time of 3 months before planting the kiwi fruit is 26 days, the watering amount of each time is 2.2L per square meter, the concentration of the phoxim solution sprayed 2 months before planting the kiwi fruit is 11%, the spraying amount is 1.1L per square meter, the amount of plant ash mixed into 1 month before planting the kiwi fruit is 230g per square meter, the watering amount after planting the kiwi fruit is 320ml per plant, the fertilizing period of 1-5 months after planting is 26 days, the fertilizing amount of each time is 110g per plant, the fertilizing period of 52 days after planting 5 months is 220g per plant, the period of the juice of the smooth rod trees is 113 days, and the distance between the smooth rod trees and the kiwi fruit trees is 1.4m, the concentration of the boldo and baume lime sulfur mixture mixed solution is 14%, the amount of sprayed boldo and baume lime sulfur mixture mixed solution is 430ml per plant, the water temperature for soaking the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 42 ℃, the warm water soaking time is 22min, the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in the nutrient solution for 13min, and the concentration of the nutrient solution is 5.5%.
Example 4: the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 9.4m, the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 4.6m, the row spacing of kiwi fruit seedlings is 3.7m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 3.6m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings and the smooth rod trees is 2m, the watering interval time of 3 months before planting the kiwi fruit is 27 days, the watering amount of each time is 2.6L/square meter, the concentration of the phoxim solution sprayed 2 months before planting the kiwi fruit is 12%, the spraying amount is 1.2L/square meter, the mixing amount of plant ash into 1 month before planting the kiwi fruit is 250 g/square meter, the watering amount after planting the kiwi fruit is 360 ml/plant, the fertilizing period of 1-5 months after planting is 27 days, the fertilizing amount of each time is 120 g/plant, the fertilizing period of 54 days after planting is 5 months, the fertilizing amount of each time is 250 g/plant, the period of the juice of the smooth rod trees is 115 days, and the distance between the smooth rod trees and the kiwi fruit trees is 1.6m, the concentration of the boldo and baume lime sulphur mixture mixed solution is 12.5%, the amount of sprayed boldo and baume lime sulphur mixture mixed solution is 460ml per plant, the water temperature for soaking the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 45 ℃, the warm water soaking time is 26min, the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in the nutrient solution for 16min, and the concentration of the nutrient solution is 6%.
Example 5: the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 9.8m, the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 4.8m, the row spacing of kiwi fruit seedlings is 4.6m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 3.9m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings and the smooth rod trees is 2.7m, the watering interval time of 3 months before planting the kiwi fruit is 29 days, the watering amount of each time is 2.9L/square meter, the concentration of the phoxim solution sprayed 2 months before planting the kiwi fruit is 14%, the spraying amount is 1.4L/square meter, the amount of plant ash mixed in 1 month before planting the kiwi fruit is 270 g/square meter, the watering amount after planting the kiwi fruit is 380 ml/plant, the fertilizing period of 1-5 months after planting is 29 days, the fertilizing amount of each time is 140 g/plant, the fertilizing period of 56 days after planting 5 months is 260 g/plant, the period of using the juice of the smooth rod trees is 119 days, and the distance between the smooth rod trees and the kiwi fruit trees is 1.9m, the concentration of the boldo and baume lime sulfur mixture mixed solution is 14.6%, the amount of sprayed boldo and baume lime sulfur mixture mixed solution is 490ml per plant, the water temperature for soaking the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 46 ℃, the warm water soaking time is 29min, the kiwi fruit seedlings are 18min, and the nutrient solution concentration is 7.5%.
Example 6, the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 10m, the row spacing of the smooth rod trees is 5m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 4m, the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings and the smooth rod trees is 3.5m, the watering interval time of 3 months before the kiwi fruit planting is 30 days, the watering amount of each time is 3L per square meter, the concentration of the phoxim solution sprayed 2 months before the kiwi fruit planting is 15%, the spraying amount is 1.5L per square meter, the mixing amount of the plant ash into 1 month before the kiwi fruit planting is 300g per square meter, the watering amount after the kiwi fruit planting is 400ml per plant, the fertilizing period of 1-5 months after the planting is 30 days, the fertilizing amount of each time is 150g per plant, the fertilizing period of 60 days after the planting is 5 months, the fertilizing amount of each time is 280g per plant, the period of the application of the smooth rod tree juice is 120 days, the distance between the smooth rod tree juice and the kiwi fruit trees is 2m, the concentration of the boldo and baume lime sulfur mixture mixed solution is 15%, the amount of the sprayed boldo and baume lime sulfur mixture mixed solution is 500ml per plant, the water temperature for soaking the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 47 ℃, the warm water soaking time is 30min, the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in the nutrient solution for 20min, and the concentration of the nutrient solution is 8%.
Experiment:
the parameters of comparative examples 1 to 6 are shown in table 2,
TABLE 2
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that no scotch interplanting is used, comparative examples 2-6 differ from example 1 only in parameters, and comparative example 7 is an existing kiwi planting method.
Selecting 13-mu land as the planting land for the experiment in the same area, dividing the 13-mu land into 13 groups, wherein each group of land is 1 mu, planting the kiwi fruits on the 13-mu land by the kiwi fruit planting methods provided by the examples 1-6 and the comparative examples 1-7 respectively, and recording the following data.
a. Recording the survival rate (%) of the kiwi fruit seedlings after 5 months;
b. recording the proportion (%) of insect pest plants and trees to the total number of plants within 1 year after the kiwi fruits are planted;
c. recording the average flowering rate (%) of the kiwifruits 1 year after planting;
d. recording the average fruit drop (%) of kiwifruit;
e. recording the yield (kg/mu) of the kiwi fruits in the second year;
f. recording the yield (kg/mu) of the kiwi fruits in the fifth year;
the results of the experiments are shown in table 3,
TABLE 3
Experiments prove that when the kiwi fruits are planted by the kiwi fruit planting methods provided by the embodiments 1-6, the survival rate of seedlings is high, the kiwi fruit trees are less in insect damage, the flowering rate of the kiwi fruit trees is high, the fruit dropping rate is low, and the yield is high. The kiwi fruit planting method provided by the embodiment 1 is used for planting kiwi fruits, and various effects are optimal.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which should not be construed as affecting the effect of the invention and its practical application.
Claims (7)
1. The kiwi fruit planting method comprises the steps of land preparation, seedling, shaping and fertilization, and is characterized in that:
A. interplanting:
1-2 years before the kiwi fruit is planted, planting the bare roller trees in a planting field, wherein the row spacing of the bare roller trees is 8-10m, and the plant spacing of each row of the bare roller trees is 4-5 m;
B. seedling:
pre-burying a water collecting pipe in a planting field, forming a plurality of through holes in the upper surface of the water collecting pipe, and arranging a screen in the through holes; arranging water-absorbing cotton threads on the screen, and enabling one end of the water-absorbing cotton threads to be positioned in the water collecting pipe and the other end of the water-absorbing cotton threads to be positioned in the planting field; selecting kiwi fruit seedlings with the height of 30-40cm and the root diameter of 0.9-1cm for planting, planting two rows of kiwi fruit seedlings between two adjacent rows of bare stick trees, wherein the row spacing of the kiwi fruit seedlings is 3-5m, and the distance between the kiwi fruit seedlings and the bare stick trees is 1.5-3.5 m; the plant spacing of each row of kiwi seedlings is 3-4 m;
C. building a frame:
fixing mounting columns at a position 2-2.5m away from the ground of the smooth rod tree, arranging the mounting columns in a criss-cross mode, and fixing by using iron wires; the distance between the transverse mounting columns and the distance between the longitudinal mounting columns are both 40-55 cm;
D. fertilizing:
watering the planting field once every 25-30 days 3 months before planting the kiwi fruit seedlings, wherein the water amount per time is 2-3L per square meter; spraying a phoxim solution with the concentration of 10-15% to a planting field once 2 months before planting, wherein the spraying amount is 1-1.5L per square meter; 1 month before planting, mixing plant ash into the soil of the planting field, wherein the mixing amount of the plant ash is 200 plus 300g per square meter;
after the kiwi seedlings are planted, watering the kiwi seedlings with the watering amount of 300-; fertilizing once every 25-30 days 1-5 months after planting, wherein the fertilizing amount is 150 g/plant; fertilizing once every 50-60 days after planting for 5 months, wherein the fertilizing amount is 200-280 g/plant; meanwhile, the juice of the Guangli stick tree is scattered at a position 1-2m away from the kiwi fruit tree every 100-120 days;
E. disease and pest harm:
spraying a mixed solution of Bordeaux and Baume lime sulfur with the concentration of 12-15% every 3 months after the kiwi seedlings are planted for 2-3 months, wherein the volume ratio of the Bordeaux and the Baume lime sulfur in the mixed solution is 1:1.5, and the spraying amount is 400-500 ml/plant;
F. pollination:
and (3) pollinating female kiwi flowers by an artificial pollination method.
2. The kiwi planting method of claim 1, wherein: in the step B, before planting, the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in warm water at the temperature of 40-47 ℃ for 20-30 min.
3. The kiwi planting method of claim 2, wherein: in the step B, before planting, the roots of the kiwi fruit seedlings are soaked in warm water, and then are soaked for 10-20min by using a nutrient solution.
4. The kiwi planting method of claim 3, wherein: the nutrient solution used in the step B is a mixed solution of ammonium phosphate, potassium nitrate and ferrous sulfate; wherein the volume ratio of the ammonium sulfate, the potassium nitrate and the ferrous sulfate is 1:1:1, and the concentration of the prepared mixed solution is 5-8%.
5. The kiwi planting method of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: in the step B, when the kiwi fruit seedlings are planted, the number of female plants is 3-4 times of that of male plants.
6. The kiwi planting method of claim 5, wherein: the fertilizer used in the step D is a mixture of urea, a phosphate fertilizer, a potash fertilizer and an organic fertilizer, and the mass part ratio of the urea, the phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer and the organic fertilizer is 1:1:1.5: 2.
7. The kiwi planting method of claim 6, wherein: and D, digging a hole with the depth of 8-12cm at a position 30-50cm away from the kiwi fruit tree during fertilization in the step D, and placing the fertilizer in the hole.
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| CN110199715B (en) * | 2019-07-18 | 2021-01-15 | 乐山食源生态农业科技有限公司 | Planting method for interplanting kiwi fruits and citrus |
| CN111512875A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-11 | 桐梓县易富猕猴桃种植有限公司 | Kiwi fruit planting method |
| CN112997826B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2023-07-14 | 黄昌学 | Rice kiwi fruit interplanting method |
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