CN107820974A - A kind of implantation methods of apple tree - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of apple tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN107820974A CN107820974A CN201711105353.8A CN201711105353A CN107820974A CN 107820974 A CN107820974 A CN 107820974A CN 201711105353 A CN201711105353 A CN 201711105353A CN 107820974 A CN107820974 A CN 107820974A
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- apple
- apple tree
- fertilizer
- implantation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of apple tree, belong to proportion of crop planting method field, and its object is to provide a kind of to improve fruit quality and the apple tree implantation methods of yield.This method comprises the following steps:Building well, seedling is selected, is transplanted, buries fertilizer, beta pruning, insect prevention, flower thinning, fruit thinning.The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:By opening up dressing furrow, the fertilizer needed for different times Apple Growth can be embedded in underground, only the growth of apple tree does not provide adequate nutrients, and some element-specifics can also be added according to Apple Growth situation.Meanwhile according to beta pruning, insect prevention, flower thinning, fruit thinning is carried out the characteristics of the Apple Growth cycle, the quality and quantity of apple tree result is ensure that significantly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of proportion of crop planting method, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of apple tree.
Background technology
Apple belongs to the rose family, and the rose family, apple Pterostyrax arbor, up to 15 meters, trunk taupe, Lao Pi has irregular
Lobe scales off, dense fine hair during sprig children, after polish, puce.Phyllotaxy is single leaf alternate, ellipse to avette,
Long 4.9-10 centimetres, tip point, edge has round crenation, and two sides hairiness when young, rear surface is smooth, dirty-green.Floral white band is red
Dizzy, a diameter of 3-5 centimetres, bennet is respectively provided with canescence fine hair with calyx, and self-sterility for most of kinds, need to plant pollinizers.
Fruit is slightly flat spherical, and more than 5 centimetres, both ends are recessed diameter, and often there is rib ridge end.The month at florescence 4-6;The fruiting period 7-11 months.
Apple is rich in abundant nutrition, is the hat of four big fruit of the world (apple, apple tree, citrus and banana).Apple contains
The material such as abundant carbohydrate, mainly sucrose, reduced sugar and protein, fat, phosphorus, iron, potassium;Also containing malic acid, quinine
Acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, tannic acid, pectin, cellulose, B family vitamin, vitamin C and micro- edible portion
76%.
Fruit tree is perennial woody plant, has healthy and strong branch skeleton, the characteristic for having stored nutrient.Fruit tree root system is sent out
Reach, distribution is deep and wide, and motionless for many years once being colonized, the selective absorbing nutrient from same soil, easily causes soil very much for a long time
The insufficient supply of earth nutrient, easily there is the obstacle physiologically such as trophic disturbance and nutritional deficiency disease.Therefore, fruit tree is applied
Fertilizer management is one of important step in cultivation of fruit tree.As the improvement of people's living standards, its social demand increasingly expands
Greatly, because past apple cultivation is mostly Seedling propagation, the later ability partial results of the upper several years of cultivations, and yield poorly, be of poor quality,
It has impact on the enthusiasm that people develop apple, the growing way quality of apple tree is crucial in seedling period, if seedling period apple tree
Seedling stalwartness is fertile, then it is also fast to grow up to the speed of apple tree, grows up to after apple tree and with luxuriant foliage and spreading branches in leafy profusion, as a result more, fruit matter
Measure, on the contrary then can extend the result cycle, the fruit tied is also smaller, poor quality, influences the income of orchard worker, though
Say there is great protrusion in apple propagation by grafiting, but breed a grafting and still need to the 2-3 years, cause production cost too high,
Delay the paces of apple improved variety, be unfavorable for the development of apple cultivation industrialization.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to:There is provided and a kind of improve fruit quality and the apple tree implantation methods of yield.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of implantation methods of apple tree, this method include step:
(1) building well:Suitable soil is selected, quick lime is sprinkled into soil, 30~35cm of soil is ploughed deeply, adds thereto
Base manure;
(2) seedling is selected:High quality apple sapling is selected, coring 8~12 is with the thick 60~100mm of root, 1.5~2m of height of seedling degree;
(3) transplant:Plant spacing laterally, vertically in the range of 250~350cm, 5~8 days before plant, filled into plantation hole
Sufficient water, keep soil moisture content to be not less than 60%, planted after making the heavy reality of soil living into sapling;
(4) fertilizer is buried:The dressing furrow of 50cm or so depth is opened up around the apple sapling of plantation, it is trapezoidal in dressing furrow
Some bags with fertilizer are set;
(5) beta pruning:The mixed and disorderly branch without bud is cut, retains 7~9 major branches, in addition to the winter cuts, growth period will also be done
Good bud picking, sparse branching and the pinching work to prosperous long bud head, 3~5 Secondary Branchs are stayed in bottom during pinching;
(6) insect prevention:To apple tree spraying insecticides, sootiness is carried out to apple tree after 3~4 days;
(7) flower thinning:Apple tree Post flowering, flower thinning processing is carried out, and cultivate honey and carry out honey pollination;
(8) fruit thinning:After apple tree result, fruit thinning processing is carried out.
Wherein, added base manure is 725~1025kg in 1 mu of soil in the step (1), wherein, Chicken dung 34~38
Part, 38~44 parts of pig manure, 10~12 parts of urea, 1 part of Nanoscale Iron slag powders, 4~6 parts of granatum powder, attapulgite 16~18
Part, 20~60 parts of corn flour, 6~8 parts of bamboo charcoal powder and 16~18 parts of agricultural crop straw.
Wherein, fertilizer is filled in fertilizer band in the step (4) to be made up of the component of following parts by weight:Zeolite powder 8~10
Part, 2~5 parts of white vitriol, 10~15 parts of calcium nitrate, 20~30 parts of urea, 4~8 parts of alginic acid, 5~15 parts of chitosan,
20~30 parts of manganese sulfate, 10~35 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, 1~4 part of butyric acid potassium.
Wherein, bag with fertilizer contacts with the root of apple sapling in the step (4) and fertilizer band is the modeling being easily punctured
Pocket.
Wherein, insecticide described in the step (6) is 2~5kg of copper sulphate, quick lime 1.5kg, root of kudzu vine 8kg, cloves
2kg, zinc sulfate 3kg, water 120kg.
Wherein, the sootiness in the step (6) is 1 high-power blower of setting at the spaciousness of orchard, is lighted before blower fan
Wormwood or rhizoma atractylodis, sootiness, pest control are carried out to apple tree.
Wherein, in the step (7), 6-8 apple flower is had at every cluster bud, flower thinning process is by every cluster bud
Place retains 3 apple flowers.
Wherein, in the step (8), fruit thinning processing is carried out after apple tree result, retains 2 apples after the result of everywhere.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1st, the fertilizer of different growing stages is just embedded in underground in the present invention, during plantation, provides and fills for the growth of apple tree
Sufficient nutrient, at the same trim, flower thinning and fruit thinning processing all according to the Apple Growth cycle the characteristics of, ensure that bearing fruit for apple tree
Rate, it is not necessary to the apple tree of other kinds is deliberately planted on apple tree periphery as pollinizers, ensure that the mouthfeel of apple is purer
Just, more crisp sweet tea is tasty.
2nd, in the present invention, bag with fertilizer contacts with the root of apple sapling, with Apple Growth, root elongation, punctures fertilizer
Pocket, the fertilizer outflow in bag with fertilizer, is directly contacted rapidly with the root of apple tree, and the root of apple tree directly absorbs nutrition,
Nutrient absorption is more abundant, Apple Growth it is more preferable.
3rd, the present invention in, take the mode of sootiness to carry out insect-prevention treatment, so not only can effective pest control, safe nothing
Toxic side effect is accumulated, and can also produce the apple of high-quality.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, the present invention is carried out below further
Describe in detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is not intended to limit the present invention only to explain the present invention.
A kind of implantation methods of apple tree, the method includes the steps of:(1) building well:Suitable soil is selected, in soil
In be sprinkled into quick lime, plough deeply 30~35cm of soil, apply base manure into soil, in every 1 mu of soil added base manure be 725~
1025kg, wherein, 34~38 parts of Chicken dung, 38~44 parts of pig manure, 10~12 parts of urea, 1 part of Nanoscale Iron slag powders, pomegranate
16~18 parts of 4~6 parts of skin powder, 16~18 parts of attapulgite, 20~60 parts of corn flour, 6~8 parts of bamboo charcoal powder and agricultural crop straw;
(2) seedling is selected:High quality apple sapling is selected, coring 8~12 is with the thick 60~100mm of root, 1.5~2m of height of seedling degree;(3) transplant:Plant
Kind of spacing laterally, vertically in the range of 250~350cm, 5~8 days before plant, water is filled with enough into plantation hole, keeps soil water-containing
Amount is not less than 60%, is planted after making the heavy reality of soil living into sapling;(4) fertilizer is buried:It is deep that 50cm or so is opened up around the apple sapling of plantation
The dressing furrow of degree, trapezoidal in dressing furrow to set some bags with fertilizer, set fertilizer band needs the root with apple sapling to connect
Touch, wherein, fertilizer is filled in fertilizer band and is made up of the component of following parts by weight:8~10 parts of zeolite powder, white vitriol 2~5
Part, 10~15 parts of calcium nitrate, 20~30 parts of urea, 4~8 parts of alginic acid, 5~15 parts of chitosan, 20~30 parts of manganese sulfate, answer
10~35 parts of nitre phenol sodium, 1~4 part of butyric acid potassium;(5) beta pruning:The mixed and disorderly branch without bud is cut, it should finally retain 7~
9 major branches, in addition to the winter cuts, growth period will also carry out bud picking, sparse branching and the pinching work to prosperous long bud head, bottom during pinching
Stay 3~5 Secondary Branchs;(6) insect prevention:To apple tree spraying insecticide, wherein, the insecticide is 2~5kg of copper sulphate, raw stone
Grey 1.5kg, root of kudzu vine 8kg, cloves 2kg, zinc sulfate 3kg, water 120kg, placement 1 is high-power at the spaciousness of orchard after 3~4 days
Blower fan, wormwood or rhizoma atractylodis are lighted before blower fan, sootiness, pest control are carried out to apple tree;(7) flower thinning:Apple tree Post flowering,
Flower thinning processing is carried out, will be per 3 apple flowers of reservation at cluster bud, and cultivate honey and carry out honey pollination;(8) fruit thinning:Apple
After fruit tree result, fruit thinning processing is carried out, everywhere retains 2 apples.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of apple tree, the method includes the steps of:(1) building well:Suitable soil is selected, in soil
In be sprinkled into quick lime, plough deeply 30~35cm of soil, apply base manure into soil;(2) seedling is selected:Select high quality apple sapling, coring
8~12 with the thick 60~100mm of root, 1.5~2m of height of seedling degree;(3) transplant:Plant spacing transverse direction, vertically in 250~350cm models
In enclosing, 5~8 days before plant, water is filled with enough into plantation hole, keeps soil moisture content to be not less than 60%, make to plant after the heavy reality of soil living into
Sapling;(4) fertilizer is buried:The dressing furrow of 50cm or so depth is opened up around the apple sapling of plantation, it is trapezoidal in dressing furrow to set
Put some bags with fertilizer;(5) beta pruning:The mixed and disorderly branch without bud is cut, should finally retain 7~9 major branches, it is raw in addition to the winter cuts
Bud picking, sparse branching and the pinching work to prosperous long bud head are also carried out during length, 3~5 Secondary Branchs are stayed in bottom during pinching;(6) prevent
Worm:To apple tree spraying insecticide, sootiness is carried out to apple tree after 3~4 days;(7) flower thinning:Apple tree Post flowering, carry out flower thinning
Processing, and cultivate honey and carry out honey pollination;(8) fruit thinning:After apple tree result, fruit thinning processing is carried out.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment one, apply base manure into soil described in step (1), added base in every 1 mu of soil
Fertilizer is 725~1025kg, wherein, 34~38 parts of Chicken dung, 38~44 parts of pig manure, 10~12 parts of urea, Nanoscale Iron slag powders
1 part, 4~6 parts of granatum powder, 16~18 parts of attapulgite, 20~60 parts of corn flour, 6~8 parts of bamboo charcoal powder and agricultural crop straw
16~18 parts.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment two, some bags with fertilizer are set described in step (4), wherein, fertilizer is filled in fertilizer band
Material is made up of the component of following parts by weight:8~10 parts of zeolite powder, 2~5 parts of white vitriol, 10~15 parts of calcium nitrate, urea
20~30 parts, 4~8 parts of alginic acid, 5~15 parts of chitosan, 20~30 parts of manganese sulfate, 10~35 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, indoles fourth
Sour 1~4 part of potassium.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment three, some bags with fertilizer are set described in step (4), the bag with fertilizer is easily to be pierced
Broken polybag, and needing to contact with the root of apple sapling.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of example IV, to apple tree spraying insecticide described in step (6), insecticide is copper sulphate 2
~5kg, quick lime 1.5kg, root of kudzu vine 8kg, cloves 2kg, zinc sulfate 3kg, water 120kg.
Embodiment 6
On the basis of embodiment five, the carry out sootiness described in step (6), smoking process is put at the spaciousness of orchard
1 high-power blower is put, wormwood or rhizoma atractylodis are lighted before blower fan, sootiness, pest control are carried out to apple tree.
Embodiment 7
The flower thinning processing described in step (7), it is that will retain 3 at every cluster bud on the basis of embodiment six
Apple flower, and cultivate honey and carry out honey pollination.
Embodiment 8
On the basis of embodiment seven, the fruit thinning processing described in step (8), is the everywhere after apple tree result
Retain 2 apples.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of implantation methods of apple tree, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) building well:Suitable soil is selected, quick lime is sprinkled into soil, 30~35cm of soil is ploughed deeply, adds base thereto
Fertilizer;
(2) seedling is selected:High quality apple sapling is selected, coring 8~12 is with the thick 60~100mm of root, 1.5~2m of height of seedling degree;
(3) transplant:Plant spacing laterally, vertically in the range of 250~350cm, 5~8 days before plant, be filled with enough into plantation hole
Water, keep soil moisture content to be not less than 60%, planted after making the heavy reality of soil living into sapling;
(4) fertilizer is buried:The dressing furrow of 50cm or so depth is opened up around the apple sapling of plantation, the trapezoidal setting in dressing furrow
Some bags with fertilizer;
(5) beta pruning:The mixed and disorderly branch without bud is cut, retains 7~9 major branches, in addition to the winter cuts, growth period will also be carried out and smeared
Bud, sparse branching and the pinching work to prosperous long bud head, 3~5 Secondary Branchs are stayed in bottom during pinching;
(6) insect prevention:To apple tree spraying insecticides, sootiness is carried out to apple tree after 3~4 days;
(7) flower thinning:Apple tree Post flowering, flower thinning processing is carried out, and cultivate honey and carry out honey pollination;
(8) fruit thinning:After apple tree result, fruit thinning processing is carried out.
2. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute in 1 mu of soil in the step (1)
It is 725~1025kg to add base manure, wherein, 34~38 parts of Chicken dung, 38~44 parts of pig manure, urea 10~12 part, nanometer iron ore
1 part of ground-slag, 4~6 parts of granatum powder, 16~18 parts of attapulgite, 20~60 parts of corn flour, 6~8 parts of bamboo charcoal powder and crops straw
16~18 parts of stalk.
3. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Institute in fertilizer band in the step (4)
Dress fertilizer is made up of the component of following parts by weight:8~10 parts of zeolite powder, 2~5 parts of white vitriol, 10~15 parts of calcium nitrate, urine
20~30 parts of element, 4~8 parts of alginic acid, 5~15 parts of chitosan, 20~30 parts of manganese sulfate, 10~35 parts of compound sodium nitrophenolate, indoles fourth
Sour 1~4 part of potassium.
4. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:Bag with fertilizer and apple in the step (4)
The root contact of fruit tree seedlings.
5. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:Bag with fertilizer is easy in the step (4)
The polybag punctured.
6. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Insecticide described in the step (6)
For 2~5kg of copper sulphate, quick lime 1.5kg, root of kudzu vine 8kg, cloves 2kg, zinc sulfate 3kg, water 120kg.
7. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Sootiness is in fruit in the step (6)
1 high-power blower is set at the spaciousness of garden, wormwood or rhizoma atractylodis are lighted before blower fan, sootiness, pest control are carried out to apple tree.
8. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In step (7) the flower thinning processing, often
Have 6-8 apple flower at cluster bud, during flower thinning, per cluster bud at retain 3 apple flowers.
9. the implantation methods of apple tree according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:In step (8) the vegetables and fruits processing, often
Retain 2 apples at one after result.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108925354A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县阿宝农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of passion fruit tree |
CN110972663A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 信阳农林学院 | Positioning and fertilizing device for rape seeding |
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CN103931456A (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2014-07-23 | 陈学好 | Method for planting apple trees |
CN105613179A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-01 | 吕文玲 | Planting method of apple trees |
CN106258703A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2017-01-04 | 正安县顶箐方竹笋有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of apple tree |
CN106613636A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 贵州长林山生态农业科技开发有限公司 | Planting method of apple trees |
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- 2017-11-10 CN CN201711105353.8A patent/CN107820974A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN103931456A (en) * | 2014-03-22 | 2014-07-23 | 陈学好 | Method for planting apple trees |
CN106258703A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2017-01-04 | 正安县顶箐方竹笋有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of apple tree |
CN105613179A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-06-01 | 吕文玲 | Planting method of apple trees |
CN106613636A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 贵州长林山生态农业科技开发有限公司 | Planting method of apple trees |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108925354A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-04 | 普定县阿宝农业发展有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of passion fruit tree |
CN110972663A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-10 | 信阳农林学院 | Positioning and fertilizing device for rape seeding |
CN110972663B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-04-30 | 信阳农林学院 | Positioning and fertilizing device for rape seeding |
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