CN108139607B - Uv和高能可见吸收验眼透镜 - Google Patents
Uv和高能可见吸收验眼透镜 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108139607B CN108139607B CN201680056413.9A CN201680056413A CN108139607B CN 108139607 B CN108139607 B CN 108139607B CN 201680056413 A CN201680056413 A CN 201680056413A CN 108139607 B CN108139607 B CN 108139607B
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- Prior art keywords
- light absorbing
- light
- ophthalmic lens
- certain embodiments
- laminate
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Abstract
一种验眼透镜,功能性保护眼睛免受有害紫外和高能可见波长的光,以及用于产生该验眼透镜的方法。
Description
相关申请
本申请要求2015年9月29日递交的、美国临时申请序列号62/234,543、发明名称为“UV and High Energy Visible Absorbing Ophthalmic Lenses”的优先权,其全部内容通过引用由此并入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及光吸收过滤器,例如光学薄膜、层压制品和透镜,并且尤其涉及吸收有害紫外和/或高能可见光的滤光器。
背景技术
本领域已知的是使用添加剂来吸收光的有害波长,包括根据ANSI标准下波长在280nm至380nm之间以及根据其他(AUS/NZ)标准下波长为400nm的UV光。新近,已经变得显而易见的是,特征为波长从400nm高达500nm的HEV(高能可见)光还对活体组织或眼睛造成可能的损伤威胁。这种光范围还已经归因于其他生物因素,诸如生理节律的影响。
由于光的吸收波长开始进入到可见光波长,因此在大部分情况下可见的着色是不合意的,并且由于主要对蓝波长的阻断,得到的是黄色或者传播穿过吸收物。
一般而言,光波长越短,光子能量越高,由此可能的细胞损伤更大。这些波长的光携带足够的能量来打破化学键,引致吸收这种光的基底损伤。这些基底可以是生物起源或其他所谓的有机材料,后者定义为主要由碳基材料(诸如广泛用于制造有商业价值的物品的合成聚合物)构成的化合物。
当无生命基底内的键打破时,主要效果的特点在于化学特性的丧失或颜色的变化。当活体生物组织内的键打破时,组织损伤显示为功能退化或丧失,这可能包括机能障碍和烧伤、对遗传物质的损伤、视力退化等、一般导致生物体健康的衰退以及可能缩短其寿命的效果。
发现同类型的添加剂用于保护非活体材料,能够有效保护活体组织。例如,已知为防晒品的材料作为化妆水和面霜广泛销售,以局部施加到暴露的皮肤组织,吸收来自太阳的有害射线并保护暴露的皮肤组织免受损伤。
在防护有害UV和HEV辐射方面最有用的化合物强力地吸收这些损伤性波长的光,并且通常包含一个或多个具有扩展π电子云的结构特征,更准确地描述为正式非饱和的化合物或各个相邻原子之间的多个键,这些原子交替地由相邻原子之间的单个键分隔开。符合这种宽泛描述的通用结构一般包含所谓的芳基,母结构(parent structure)由苯来表示。其他原子排列能够充当它们的结构基础,包括扩展的碳-碳双键和单键交替的线性或环形排列,特别是其中一个或多个碳原子由杂原子(诸如氮、氧或硫)来替换。这些结构所吸收的波长能够通过组分原子的数量、类型和布置来调整,包括毗邻(熔融)的环以及多个键的扩展系统中不包括的组分杂原子的存在,该原子具备非共享(单独或非键合)电子对。这种杂原子包括但不限于氮、氧和硫、以及卤素,尤其是氯。
用于吸收UV和HEV的最有用的结构具有一机构,通过电子激发态的可逆转换、通过(更准确地,通过将中性氢原子(H)或质子(H+)从一个键合偶转移到另一个,例如在空间中适当排列的氧和氮之间通过已知为互变异构化、原子的正式重排和通过电子的单双键变化的工序)原子运动形成(经由光吸收)热,借此它们能够无害地“卸下”它们从入射光吸收的能量。这种互变异构化的实例在图1中示出。
在上述实例中,氢原子从接地态的氧原子转移到激发态的相邻氮原子,随附有π电子变化,并且随着放热再次返回,并导致对原始结构没有净变。这种氢原子转移或迁移被认定为由于包含激发态氢原子的基团的酸度增加而发生,使得相邻杂原子的碱度足够强来提取氢原子或质子,以形成新的中性结构,这还可以表示为在结构中存在相邻的异性电荷,也称为甜菜碱。已知其他结构,其中氢原子从接地态的氮原子反向转移到激发态的氧原子,并且在两个恰当定位的氧或氮原子之间。
已知其他结构,其中可能的能量转换由打破双键以形成两个相邻的稳态自由基来实现,允许在这两个相邻的自由基中心之间新近生成的单键“自由”旋转,随之最终重新形成双键并且再次对分子结构没有净变。这种反应的实例在图2中示出。
这种材料能够与结构周围的不同组分排列分开或组合使用,根据该组分修改被吸收的光波长、激发态媒介的稳定性、以及它们对所得接地态结构溶于溶解它们的媒介中或用媒介溶解它们的可溶性或兼容性的影响等能力来选择它们。存在大范围的商业可购得的化合物,具备这些关键可逆结构特征,作为稳定添加剂来销售。
然而,在眼科领域,需要在眼睛防护中对保护眼睛免受有害UV和HEV光的优化,其中眼睛防护在美观方面是可接受的或者期望的,并由此在商业上是成功的。
发明内容
本发明提供了在眼睛防护中对保护眼睛免受有害UV和HEV光的优化,其中眼睛防护在美观方面是可接受的或者期望的。这些目的某程度上通过提供包括光吸收层的眼科物品来实现,光吸收层具有在光吸收化合物中范围在0.1至10的重量百分比以及对于光波长高达443nm具有不大于50%的透光率。
在本发明的某些实施例中,光吸收层具有在光吸收化合物中范围高达3或高达1的重量百分比。在本发明的某些实施例中,光吸收层具有大于1mm或0.01至1mm的厚度。在本发明的某些实施例中,光吸收层对于光波长高达410nm具有不大于50%的透光率。在本发明的某些实施例中,光吸收层是单片膜、层压制品的粘合层、复合验眼透镜的部件、热塑性树脂或可固化成分。
这些目的某程度上还通过提供一种用于形成眼科物品的方法来实现,包括:针对眼科物品确定低于450nm的波长的光目标透光率;确定眼科物品的目标厚度范围;针对眼科物品根据目标透光率、目标厚度范围和目标CIE颜色坐标,向媒介添加某一重量百分比的光吸收化合物;以及利用包含光吸收化合物的媒介形成眼科物品。
在本发明的某些实施例中,确定目标透光率包括对于光波长高达410nm,确定目标透光率低于50%,或者确定透光率不大于50%。在本发明的某些实施例中,确定目标厚度范围包括确定厚度大于1mm或厚度范围在0.01至1mm。在本发明的某些实施例中,向媒介添加某一重量百分比的光吸收化合物包括添加的光吸收化合物的重量百分比范围在1至10。在本发明的某些实施例中,形成眼科物品包括通过熔化的热塑性塑料的注塑成型来形成眼科物品,通过可固化成分的固化来形成眼科物品,或者形成复合眼科物品,其具有包含光吸收化合物的媒介层。
附图说明
根据本发明实施例的以下描述,参照所附附图,本发明的实施例能够具有的这些以及其他方面、特征和优势将会变得显而易见并得到阐明,其中:
图1是示出了光吸收化合物的化学转变的图。
图2是示出了光吸收化合物的化学转变的图。
图3是示出了本发明某些实施例的、包含各种浓度的光吸收化学物的不同媒介的透光百分率的图表。
图4是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
图5是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
图6是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
图7是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
图8是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
图9是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
图10是示出了本发明某些实施例的、包含各种浓度的光吸收化学物的层压制品的透光百分率的图表。
图11是示出了本发明某些实施例的、包含各种浓度的光吸收化学物的层压制品的透光百分率的图表。
图12是示出了本发明某些实施例的、包含各种浓度的光吸收化学物的层压制品的透光百分率的图表。
图13是示出了本发明某些实施例的、对于包含光吸收化合物以及对于采用同一物质的透镜的透光百分率的图表。
图14是示出了本发明某些实施例的、对于包含光吸收化合物以及对于采用同一物质的透镜的某些光学特性的表格。
图15是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
图16是本发明某些实施例的光学制品的局部横截面图。
具体实施方式
现在参照所附附图描述本发明的具体实施例。然而,本发明以许多不同的形式实施,并且不应该理解为受限于本文所提出的实施例;确切地说,提供这些实施例使得本公开将会是贯彻性和完整的,并且向本领域技术人员完全地传达本发明的精神。所附附图所示的实施例的详细描述中所用的术语不旨在限制本发明。在附图中,相同的序号指示相同的元件。
一般而言,本发明涉及人眼的眼睛健康和保护,通过借助存在于透镜结构材料中的添加剂吸收有害紫外(UV)和/或高能可见(HEV,即蓝)光,包括包含在复合透镜中的层压制品内的粘合层的成分、由自身使用的单片薄片内的成分、或者复合透镜中的层压制品或非层压结构的一部分,该部分添加到模制成透镜的热塑性芯块中,或者添加到可固化成分(例如热固性液体或UV固化单体成分或可固化聚氨酯基合成物,透镜由它们铸造而成)中。本发明还涉及光吸收过滤器以阻断损伤性光子,同时保持良好的外观和低水平着色(或泛黄)。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的光吸收过滤器包括吸收化合物,或者组合了上述第一类材料(即接受互变异构化的材料,其中氢原子从接地态的氧原子转移到相邻激发态的氮原子)而采用的化合物。例如,通过氢原子转移机制来起作用的化合物包括羟苯基苯并三唑,范例为2-(3’-叔丁基-2’-羟基-5’-甲基苯基)-5-氯苯并三唑(CAS号:3896-11-5),作为Tinuvin326或Omnistab 326可从商业上购得;或者吡咯并[3,4-F]苯并三唑-5,7-(2H,6H)-二酮、6-丁基-2-[2-羟基-3-(1-甲基-1-苯基乙基)-5-(1,1,3,3-四甲基丁基)苯基]-(CAS号945857-19-2),作为Tinuvin CarboProtect可从商业上购得;羟苯基三嗪范例为2-(4,6-二苯基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-5-[(己基)氧基]-苯酚,(CAS号147315-50-2),作为Tinuvin 1577可从商业上购得;或者2-[4-[2-羟基-3-十三烷基(和十二烷基)氧丙基]氧]-2-羟基苯基]-4,6-双(2,4-二甲基苯基)-1,3,5-三嗪(CAS号153519-44-9)的混合物,作为Tinuvin 400可从商业上购得;以及羟基二苯甲酮,范例为2-羟基-4-辛氧基二苯甲(CAS号1843-05-6),作为Uvinul 3008可从商业上购得;或者2,2’-二羟基-4,4’-二甲氧基二苯甲酮(CAS号131-54-4),作为Uvinul D49和Cyasorb UV可从商业上购得。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的光吸收过滤器包括吸收化合物,或者组合了上述第二类材料(即接受打破双键的材料,已形成两个稳态自由基)而采用的化合物。这种第二类材料的两个原理性实例通过由碳-碳双键形成两个相邻稳态自由基中心来起作用,允许所得单键通过旋转来消散能量,已知氰基丙烯酸二芳基酯包括乙基-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸(CAS号5232-99-5),作为Uvinul 3035可从商业上购得;以及1,3-双-[(2’-氰基-3’,3’-二苯基丙烯酰基)氧基]-2,2-双-{[(2’-氰基-3’,3’-二苯基丙烯酰基)氧基]甲基}丙烷(CAS号178671-58-4),作为Uvinul 3030可从商业上购得。这种第二类材料倾向于比第一类的氢原子转移光吸收体吸收更短波长(更高能量)的光。
在溶解于溶剂中的吸收体的固定路径长度(1或10mm)以及低摩尔浓度(范围为10-4至10-6摩尔/升,这取决于摩尔消光系数)下获得用于表征分子吸收特性的UV/可见光谱,该溶剂在感兴趣的波长范围是透明的。对于本发明的有机吸收体,采用的溶剂例如是,但不限于酒精(例如乙醇)、乙醚(例如四氢呋喃)、乙二醇醚(例如丙二醇单甲醚)或碳氢化合物(例如环己烷)溶剂。
已经确定的是,当光吸收功效取决于吸收体的分子结构时,光吸收功效也与(1)溶解或散布吸收体的媒介中的吸收体浓度以及(2)期望运行通过的光路长度强烈相关。例如,对于给定的结构,更长的光路长度(在固定浓度下)得到更低的传输入射光百分比。类似地,更高浓度的吸收体(在固定光路下)也得到更低的传输入射光百分比。这种表现落入两种物理条件中,在低浓度和/或短路径长度下的线性关系,以及在高浓度和/或长路径长度下的非线性关系(Beer-Lambert定律;更多的吸收体或更长的路径得到更低的透光率,但是额外量或增加的路径长度比起根据在低浓度和短路径长度下产生的线索预测的物理条件吸收得更少)。
因此在本发明的某些实施例中,取决于技术或商业应用以及期望除去(过滤掉)的入射光量以及波长范围,优化所采用吸收体的浓度。例如,在(透明)涂层(一般限于小于或等于10微米厚),其中路径长度非常短,吸收体的更高浓度比起对透明体宏观厚度(毫米)的要求,更需要移除相同量的入射光。已经发现,这一浓度由于吸收性能的非线性而难以预测。
这在图3中示出,其提供了在GEPM溶液、丙二醇单甲醚中具有1mm光路的不同浓度的吸收体的性能与在聚氨酯层压粘合剂中具有41μm路径的不同浓度的吸收体的性能的比较。在GEPM溶液中吸收体结果调整为模仿层压结构中的聚碳酸酯薄膜。换言之,在GEPM溶液中的吸收体浓度按不同吸收体的摩尔消光系数要求需上下调整,以在1mm路径长度下吸收目标量的低于目标截止波长的光,以观察它们的光谱并允许估计应用中所需的吸收体的量。
图3所示的层压制品样品由标准商购溶剂型双组分聚氨酯配方构成,在铸造和层压之前,吸收体在长得多的路径长度下以根据它们的溶液性能进行估计得到的水平添加到配方中。粘合剂层厚度大约为41微米,并且由聚碳酸酯薄膜支撑。
如图3所示,吸收率强到使得随着吸收体的浓度增大,透光率向更低、左肩处移位得更远,到达HEV波长,即随着吸收体浓度增大,HEV波长的吸收率同样如此。因此,在某些实施例中,采用的光吸收体的有效量取决于吸收体在透镜中的应用方式,例如应用为微米厚的层压粘合剂或涂层、形成层压结构一部分的微米分数厚的单片薄膜、或者多毫米厚的大透镜模制材料。
向HEV波长移位的透光率是显著的,因为在本发明的某些应用中,目的在于获得具有最大传输并且在传输中具有最少残余颜色的透镜,同时还实现UV和HEV光阻断的程度。在某些实施例中,透光率在没有引入吸收体的情况下应该尽可能接近树脂,例如大约小于80%。然而,准确值取决于材料厚度,并且对于验眼透镜经常大约小于90%。眼科物品的残余颜色能够由色坐标表达(x,y,Y或L*a*b*),然而鉴于上述目的,更有意义的是在透镜的传输泛黄度指数(YI[1925C/2])方面评估本发明的光学制品。
吸收体的效果在于选择性除去UV和蓝光谱的部分。这样做的结果是增加透镜颜色中的黄色表象。黄色经常与老化或对象退化相关联,并因此发现是美学上令人不快的。因此在某些实施例中,根据本发明的光学制品具有优选小于3但不大于16的泛黄度指数。在3以下的值,泛黄度不会被大多数观察者注意到。相反,16以上的值将会被大多数观察者厌恶。3至16之间的接受度将会取决于应用和观察条件。
在本发明中有用的光吸收体结构的宽泛范围具有不同特征的摩尔消光系数(它们的光吸收系数测量)。因此,一般有用的吸收体的量以成分重量百分比来说明,可以在某些情况下似乎大幅度高。在某些实施例中,优化吸收体的选择和吸收体在给定位置的适当性(涉及路径长度和吸收所需光亮的所需量)。因此,关系短语“足以提供所需效果的量”在某些情况下更合适。例如,术语λ50,、λ10、λ5和λ1定义为透光率分别为50%、10%、5%和1%下的入射光在所规定波长下的波长,这些术语能够更有用。下面的表格1用数字表示某些采用的数据来生成图3根据这一方案的图表(精确到最接近的nm整数)。
表格1
在某些实施例中,如图4所示,根据本发明的光吸收层压制品或单片薄膜10置于模腔中,而复合透镜12通过熔化的热塑性树脂14注塑成型到包含光吸收层压制品或单片薄片的模腔中来形成。示范性注塑成型工艺的详细描述在美国专利号5,757,459、5,856,860、5,827,614、6,328,446、6,814,896、7,048,997以及8,029,705中有所提供,它们的全部内容由此通过引用并入本文。
在另一实施例中,如图5所示,根据本发明的光吸收层压制品或单片薄膜10置于模腔中,而复合透镜18通过铸造形成,其中模腔包含层压制品或单片薄膜,填充有可固化成分16,例如采用液态单体混合物的成分或者尿烷基预聚物成分(例如Trivex,PPG;CAS号97-23-4),随后通过固化该成分来产生复合透镜12。示范性铸造工艺的详细描述在美国专利号7,858,001和8,367,211中有所提供,它们的全部内容由此通过引用并入本文。
在本发明的另一实施例中,光吸收化合物添加到、混合有、或者以其他方式结合热塑性芯块,热塑性芯块用于注塑成型透镜20(图6)或可固化成分22的一部分,例如采用液态单体混合物的成分或者尿烷基预聚物成分(例如Trivex,PPG),用于铸造透镜(图7)。
在本发明的某些实施例中,如图8所示,光吸收(多种)材料或化合物添加到、混合有、或者以其他方式结合液态施加硬涂层26,其施加到模制或铸造透镜24。
在本发明的某些实施例中,如图9所示,光吸收化合物添加到、混合有、或者以其他方式结合载体成分,例如聚氨酯粘合剂载体,采用它来形成光吸收层30,而光吸收层30层压到透明单片薄膜32之间,例如两片聚碳酸酯薄膜之间,以形成光吸收层压制品34。
对能够一起使用的吸收体数量不存在限制,当与复合透镜结合使用时它们的位置也不存在限制。因此,不同的吸收材料可以添加到层压制品的粘合剂中,而透镜主体材料类似于图4,用于注塑模制的复合透镜(并且相应地用于如图5所示的铸造复合透镜)。同样地,层压制品可以在粘合剂中以及在层压在一起的薄膜中、以及在由注塑成型或铸造的复合透镜主体中包含不同的吸收材料。
在本发明的某些实施例中,UV/HEV激活(光致变色)(多种)染料在层压制品42的光致变色粘合剂层40中有所采用,而一个或多个UV/HEV光吸收体在层压结构的单片薄膜44中的与入射光相反的一侧46上有所采用,这一侧46邻近透镜主体,最接近透镜或眼科物品之后的观察者眼睛。图15示出了由这种光致变色、光吸收层压制品42通过熔化的热塑性树脂14注塑成型到模腔中形成的复合透镜12,其中模腔含有光吸收层压制品42。图16示出了由光致变色、光吸收层压制品42通过铸造形成的复合透镜18,其中模腔含有层压制品42,填充有可固化成分16,例如采用液态单体混合物的成分或者尿烷基预聚物成分(例如Trivex,PPG;CAS号97-23-4),随后通过固化该成分来产生复合透镜18。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的验眼透镜吸收高达99.9%的波长小于440nm的全部光。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的验眼透镜吸收高达99.9%的波长小于420nm的全部光。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的验眼透镜吸收高达99.9%的波长小于400nm的全部光。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的验眼透镜吸收高达99.9%的波长小于440nm、420nm或400nm的全部光。光由存在于透镜结构成分中的添加剂来吸收,包括(1)包含在复合透镜中的层压制品内的粘合剂层中的成分;(2)包含在复合透镜中由自身使用或单独的单片薄片或薄膜内的成分;(3)包含在复合透镜中用作层压结构的一部分的单片薄片或薄膜内的成分;(4)添加到模制成透镜的热塑性芯块中的成分;和/或(5)添加到热固性或可固化成分中的成分,例如采用液态单体混合物的成分或者尿烷基预聚物成分(例如Trivex,PPG),用于铸造透镜。示范性层压制品的粘合层的详细描述在美国专利号8,906,183、8,298,671、9,163,108、9,081,130和9,440,019中有所提供,它们的全部内容由此通过引用并入本文。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的层压制品或单片薄膜吸收高达99.9%的波长小于440nm、420nm或400nm的全部光,而本发明的光吸收层压制品或单片薄膜置于模腔中,而复合透镜通过熔化的热塑性树脂注塑成型到模腔中来形成,模腔包含光吸收层压制品或单片薄膜。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的层压制品或单片薄膜吸收高达99.9%的波长小于440nm、420nm或400nm的全部光,而本发明的光吸收层压制品或单片薄膜置于模腔中,而复合透镜通过铸造来形成,其中模腔包含光吸收层压制品或单片薄膜,填充有可固化成分,例如采用液态单体混合物的成分或者尿烷基预聚物成分(例如Trivex,PPG),随后通过固化该成分来产生复合透镜。
在某些实施例中,根据本发明的验眼透镜吸收高达99.9%的波长小于440nm、420nm或400nm的全部光,其中用于注塑成型的热塑性芯块或液态热固性或可固化成分(例如采用液态单体混合物的成分或者尿烷基预聚物成分(例如Trivex,PPG))用于铸造透镜,包含光吸收成分。
在本发明的某些实施例中,用于形成任意上述光吸收层压制品、单片薄膜和/或验眼透镜的(多种)光吸收材料是激发态氢原子或质子可逆转移到相邻的杂原子的吸收体。
在本发明的某些实施例中,用于形成任意上述光吸收层压制品、单片薄膜和/或验眼透镜的(多种)光吸收材料是激发态氢原子或质子可逆转移到相邻的杂原子的吸收体,其中氢原子或质子转移到氧或氮。
在本发明的某些实施例中,用于形成任意上述光吸收层压制品、单片薄膜和/或验眼透镜的(多种)光吸收材料是在具有光学路径长度大于1mm的透明材料中所用的重量百分比高达1的吸收体。
在本发明的某些实施例中,用于形成任意上述光吸收层压制品、单片薄膜和/或验眼透镜的(多种)光吸收材料是在具有光学路径长度范围在0.1mm与1mm之间的透明材料中所用的重量百分比高达3的吸收体。
在本发明的某些实施例中,用于形成任意上述光吸收层压制品、单片薄膜和/或验眼透镜的(多种)光吸收材料是在具有光学路径长度范围在0.01mm与0.1mm之间的透明材料中所用的重量百分比高达10的吸收体。
在某些实施例中,本发明的光吸收层压制品、单片薄膜和/或验眼透镜采用附加地功能特性,包括但不限于着色、涂锡、硬涂层、偏振、光致变色、电致变色、UV吸收、窄带过滤、易清洁、疏水性和抗静电。这些功能特性通过单独采用本发明的光吸收层压制品或单片薄膜或者作为包含在复合透镜和/或验眼透镜中的结构的涂层或表面处理来赋予。或者,这种功能特性作为层压制品粘合层或保护层内的成分、单片薄片或薄膜中的成分、添加到模制成透镜的热塑性芯块的成分和/或添加到可固化成分中的成分来赋予,例如采用液态单体混合物的成分或者尿烷基预聚物成分(例如Trivex,PPG),用于铸造透镜。
如本文所用,术语“(多个)可固化成分”包括但不限于通过施加热能、UV辐射、电子束、X射线、伽玛射线、微波和/或射频可固化的成分。
在本发明的某些实施例中,一个或多个上述实施例的组合用于吸收在一光谱范围内期望的光量,要求其满足透镜性能规格。
实例
通用程序:双组分溶剂型聚氨酯层压粘合剂从包括异氰酸盐预聚物、多元醇、交联剂和一个或多个各种浓度的吸收体的溶液中制备得到。吸收性粘合溶液浇注到防粘衬里上,形成某一湿膜厚度,足以产生41微米、正负2微米的干粘合层,用某一时间和温度干燥到足以除去挥发性溶剂(四氢呋喃,THF)至小于或等于100mg/m2。干粘合层转移到第一聚碳酸酯光学薄膜上,然后层压在第二聚碳酸酯光学薄膜上,以制成三层层压结构。层压制品的吸收特性利用UV可见分光光度计(Hunter,Agilent或Perkin-Elmer)来观察。一些层压制品用于通过使用热塑性聚碳酸酯树脂芯块来组塑成型从而制造复合透镜。
实例1:
Tinuvin 326(BASF)溶于THF并添加到双组分溶剂型聚氨酯粘合溶液中,根据最终风干的粘合固体,其量足以产生包含6、7和8的重量百分比的粘合溶液,浇注到防粘衬里上,风干,并且层压,以产生实验的层压制品。这些层压制品部分置于UV可见分光光度计中,用作光谱表征,如图10所示并概括在下表2中。
表格2
实例2:
类似于实例1,THF溶液包含Tinuvin 326和Tinuvin CarboProtect(BASF),添加到双组分粘合剂中,以根据风干的粘合固体提供所指示的吸收体的量,该粘合溶液浇注到防粘衬里上,风干,并且层压,以产生具有41微米的风干的粘合层的实验层压制品。这些层压制品部分置于UV可见分光光度计中,用作光谱表征,如图11所示并概括在下表3中。
表格3
实例3:
类似于实例1,THF溶液包含Tinuvin CarboProtect(“TCBP”;BASF)、Eusorb 390(“UV390”;专有杂环苯乙烯衍生物,Eutec)或Eusorb 1990(“UV1990”;专有丙烯酸酯衍生物,Eutec)添加到双组分粘合剂中,以根据风干的粘合固体提供重量百分比为2的所有吸收体。这些粘合溶液浇注到防粘衬里上,风干,并且层压,以产生具有41微米的风干粘合层的实验层压制品。这些层压制品部分置于UV可见分光光度计中,用作光谱表征,如图12所示并概括在下表4中。
表格4
实例4:
类似于实例1,THF溶液包含Tinuvin 326(BASF),添加到双组分粘合剂中,以根据风干的粘合固体提供重量百分比为6的吸收体。该粘合溶液浇注到防粘衬里上,风干,并且层压,以产生具有41微米的风干粘合层的实验层压制品。从一些层压制品上戳出圆片,其放置在模具中并且知造成复合透镜。层压制品和透镜由UV可见分光光谱来表征,而结果示出在图13和14以及下表5中。
表格5
尽管本发明已经就特定的实施例和应用有所描述,本领域普通技术人员在本教导的启示下能够产生附加实施例和修改,而不偏离本发明的精神或超过本发明的范围。因此,需要理解的是,本文的附图和说明书以示例形式提供,以促进理解本发明并且不应该理解为限制其范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种验眼透镜,包括:
光吸收层,在所述光吸收层中,光学路径长度与光吸收化合物的重量百分比之间具有非线性关系,其中在所述光吸收层中,当光学路径长度大于1mm,所述光吸收化合物的重量百分比高达1,当光学路径长度范围在0.1至1mm,所述光吸收化合物的重量百分比高达3,以及当光学路径长度范围在0.01至0.1mm,所述光吸收化合物的重量百分比高达10,并且对于280至443nm的范围内的波长具有不大于50%的透光率;
其中验眼透镜的泛黄度指数小于或等于16。
2.根据权利要求1所述的验眼透镜,其特征在于,所述光吸收层具有重量百分比在2%至6%的范围内的光吸收化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的验眼透镜,其特征在于,所述光吸收层对于280至410nm的范围内的波长具有不大于50%的透光率。
4.根据权利要求1所述的验眼透镜,其特征在于,所述光吸收层是单片薄膜。
5.根据权利要求1所述的验眼透镜,其特征在于,所述光吸收层是层压制品的粘合层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的验眼透镜,其特征在于,所述光吸收层是复合验眼透镜的部件。
7.根据权利要求1所述的验眼透镜,其特征在于,所述光吸收层是热塑性树脂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的验眼透镜,其特征在于,所述光吸收层是可固化成分。
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BR112019010318A2 (pt) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-08-27 | Ppg Ind Ohio Inc | transparência, veículo e blindagem balística |
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BR112018006054B1 (pt) | 2022-08-23 |
WO2017059142A1 (en) | 2017-04-06 |
PE20181104A1 (es) | 2018-07-12 |
US12007629B2 (en) | 2024-06-11 |
EP3356881A1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
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US10866434B2 (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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