CN108094132A - A kind of method of heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering - Google Patents
A kind of method of heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108094132A CN108094132A CN201711261454.4A CN201711261454A CN108094132A CN 108094132 A CN108094132 A CN 108094132A CN 201711261454 A CN201711261454 A CN 201711261454A CN 108094132 A CN108094132 A CN 108094132A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- moisture sensor
- soil moisture
- kidney bean
- drip irrigation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/16—Control of watering
- A01G25/167—Control by humidity of the soil itself or of devices simulating soil or of the atmosphere; Soil humidity sensors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods of heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering, make " recessed " shape cultivation ridge, are made of 2 protrusion bands and 1 hollow zone, protrusion bandwidth 20cm, high 20cm；The bandwidth that is recessed 30cm, depth 10cm, adjacent 2 cultivations ridge spacing 110cm；Protrusion of the kidney bean field planting in " recessed " shape cultivation ridge both sides takes；Sunlight indoor location drip irrigation equipment is irrigated for kidney bean, and drip irrigation zone is installed on the centre of hollow zone；1 group of soil moisture sensor is set on cultivation ridge, and realization automatically controls watering.The present invention makes plough horizon remain the required appropriate aqueous amount of kidney bean growth and development, and after watering, fertilizing, rich water is distributed in arable layer, and is evenly distributed, and rich water utilization rate is high, can reduce fertilizer amount.The present invention more water-saving than existing the Integration of Water into Fertilizer more than 15%, and utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 8.3%, and fertilizer, which subtracts, applies more than 14.6%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vegetables in day-light greenhouse sprinkling method, more particularly to a kind of heliogreenhouse for reducing rich water and being lost in
The method that kidney bean automatically controls watering.
Background technology
General liquid manure all-in-one machine, irrigation moment and irrigates continuous time by experience accumulation and experimental data to determine, this method
It can not make the water content and concentration of fertilizer that soil conservation is optimal.Existing rich water integrated technique, improves to a certain extent
The utilization rate of moisture and fertilizer, but still there are irrigation water leakage and nutrient leaching loss the phenomenon that.Meanwhile prior art trickle irrigation
Opening of device and closing are controlled by one of same place or a collection of soil moisture sensor, when causing to water around crop root
Moisture distribution is uneven.
How to realize the intelligent control of heliogreenhouse kidney bean moisture, will be not only that irrigation management person eliminates manual operations
Labor, and field irrigation can be made more accurate, reliable, rich water utilization rate is high, few with fertilizer, really realize " irrigation is crop,
Rather than irrigate land ".
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of method of heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering, this method can make
Plough horizon remains the required optimum moisture content of kidney bean growth and development, reduces rich water and is lost in, improves rich water utilization rate.
For solution more than technical problem, a kind of method of heliogreenhouse kidney bean of the invention watering, technical solution is as follows：Day
" recessed " shape cultivation ridge is made in light greenhouse, is made of 2 protrusion bands and 1 hollow zone, protrusion bandwidth 20cm, high 20cm；Recess
Bandwidth 30cm, depth 10cm, adjacent 2 cultivations ridge spacing 110cm.
Protrusion of the kidney bean field planting in " recessed " shape cultivation ridge both sides takes, per 2 plants of cave, hill spacing 30cm.
Sunlight indoor location itself attaches the drip irrigation equipment of controller and waters for kidney bean, and drip irrigation zone is installed on hollow zone
It is intermediate.
Optional " recessed " shape cultivation ridge in heliogreenhouse, installs 1 group of soil moisture sensing on " recessed " shape cultivation ridge
Device, every group of soil moisture sensor is made of 1 soil moisture sensor A and 1 soil moisture sensor B, i.e., using single-point
Pattern of double controlling installs soil moisture sensor.Specific method：Selected " recessed " shape cultivation ridge hollow zone away from drip irrigation zone 10cm at,
1 soil moisture sensor A is inserted into, soil moisture sensor A pops one's head in away from hollow zone concave surface soil surface 5cm；At selected " recessed "
The middle of any bar protrusion band on shape cultivation ridge, then it is embedded to another 1 soil moisture sensor B, soil moisture sensor B probes
Away from protrusion band convex surface soil surface 5cm.
Drip irrigation equipment is turned on and off being controlled by controller, soil moisture sensor A and soil moisture sensor B with control
Device connection processed, the controller are used to judge the soil water that the soil moisture sensor A or soil moisture sensor B are sent
Whether point content reaches default threshold value, when soil moisture sensor A detects that soil water content is not more than 55%, trickle irrigation
Equipment starts to water, when soil moisture sensor B detects that soil water content is not less than 80%, drip irrigation equipment
Stopping watering being automatically closed.
A kind of prioritization scheme, the soil water content are soil relative amount.
A kind of prioritization scheme, the cultivated area of the heliogreenhouse are not more than 2 × 667m2。
The present invention after the above technical solution is adopted, compared with prior art, has the following advantages：
（1）By changing cultivation ridge structure and cropping pattern, innovation soil moisture sensor is set this method, distribution pattern, real
Now according to soil moisture, automatic control control irrigation intensity can make plough horizon remain that kidney bean growth and development is required
Appropriate aqueous amount, after watering, fertilizing, rich water is distributed in arable layer, and is evenly distributed, and rich water leakage is few, stray arrow is few, rich water
Utilization rate is high.According to statistics, more water-saving than existing the Integration of Water into Fertilizer more than 15%, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer improves 8.3%, and fertilizer, which subtracts, to be applied
More than 14.6%.
（2）The double soil moisture sensor distribution patterns of this method innovation single-point, soil moisture sensor dosage is few, 1 cultivation
It trains area and is not more than 2 × 667m2Heliogreenhouse 1 group of soil moisture sensor is only installed（Totally 2）, change in the prior art
Multiple single soil moisture sensors are set in different position for the accuracy of gathered data（Multiple spot list soil moisture senses
Device）Pattern, drip irrigation equipment cost can be substantially reduced, it is highly practical, be suitble to be widely popularized.
（3）This method can effectively control kidney bean " dead（Anthracnose, phytophthora root rot）" generation.
（4）This method is unmanned, full-automatic trickle irrigation, and the labor intensity for the person that can be greatly reduced agricultural planting saves labor
The dynamic time, labour cost is reduced, is liberated the productive forces.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Specific embodiment
The present embodiment is for the ease of understanding the present invention, without the claim and core limiting the invention in any way
Content.
Embodiment 1 is in cultivated area 1050m2Planting in solar-greenhouse kidney bean, kind be green dragon.It makes convex by 2
Go out " recessed " shape cultivation ridge of band and 1 hollow zone composition, protrusion bandwidth 20cm, high 20cm；The bandwidth that is recessed 30cm, depth 10cm, phase
Adjacent 2 cultivations ridge spacing 110cm.
Protrusion of the kidney bean field planting in " recessed " shape cultivation ridge both sides takes, and per 2 plants, hill spacing 30cm of cave, hangs within 30 days after field planting climing.
Sunlight indoor location 1 itself attaches the drip irrigation equipment of controller and waters for kidney bean, and drip irrigation zone is installed on recessed
It is intermediate to fall into band.
Soil moisture sensor, specific method are installed using single-point pattern of double controlling：One among the close heliogreenhouse of selection
Item " recessed " shape cultivates ridge, at its hollow zone is away from drip irrigation zone 10cm, is inserted into 1 soil moisture sensor A, soil moisture sensor
A pops one's head in away from hollow zone concave surface soil surface 5cm；In the middle of its any bar protrusion band, then it is embedded to another 1 soil moisture sensing
Device B, soil moisture sensor B probe are away from protrusion band convex surface soil surface 5cm.
Soil moisture sensor A and soil moisture sensor B are connected with controller, and controller is by judging soil moisture
Whether the soil water content that sensors A or soil moisture sensor B are sent reaches default threshold value control drip irrigation equipment certainly
Dynamic to be turned on and off, when soil moisture sensor A detects that soil water content is not more than 55%, drip irrigation equipment starts
Watering, when soil moisture sensor B detects that soil water content is not less than 85%, drip irrigation equipment, which is closed, stops watering.Soil
Moisture is soil relative amount.
The Soil available nitrogen content of different depth is detected before plantation and after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested respectively, passes through the content of different soils depth
Variation judges rich water wastage.
Result of the test：The Soil available nitrogen content of soil 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and 50cm depth is respectively before plantation
85.9mg/kg, 77.6mg/kg, 61.4mg/kg and 42.7mg/kg；Soil 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and 50cm depth after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested
Soil available nitrogen content is respectively 124.7mg/kg, 87.8/kg, 61.7mg/kg and 43.1mg/kg.Wherein, it is native at soil 20cm
Before the quick-acting nitrogen contents of earth are more than plantation after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, and difference is extremely notable；Soil available nitrogen content is more than after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested at soil 30cm
Before plantation, and significant difference；Do not change after soil 40cm and 50cm Soil available nitrogen content is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested and before plantation.
The above results show：After applying fertilizer by this method, rich water is mainly distributed in arable layer, and is evenly distributed,
Rich water leakage is few, is conducive to kidney bean root system and absorbs and reduce stray arrow, rich water utilization rate is high.
For embodiment 2 in same plot, it is 850m to select cultivated area2Before in after 3 heliogreenhouses plantation kidney beans,
The structure and edaphic condition of 3 heliogreenhouses（Including soil types and soil fertility etc.）It is identical.Every heliogreenhouse is as 1
Processing, varieties of plant is an old person having a young heart' a person old in age but young in spirit.
Processing 1：Cultivate the distribution mode method using the present invention of the setting and soil moisture sensor on ridge, particular technique
Scheme is the same as embodiment 1.
Processing 2：It cultivates ridge to set using size row, wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, row spacing 20cm；Day
Light temperature indoor location 1 itself attaches the drip irrigation equipment of controller, and drip irrigation zone is installed among small line-spacing.Selection is close to sunlight
A small line-spacing among room at away from drip irrigation zone 10cm, is inserted into a soil moisture sensor A, and soil moisture sensor A is visited
Head is away from soil surface 5cm；Among the cultivation ridge of small row one side, then another 1 soil moisture sensor B is embedded to, soil moisture passes
Sensor B probes are away from cultivation ridge soil surface 5cm.Soil moisture sensor A and soil moisture sensor B are connected with controller,
Controller is by judging whether the soil moisture that soil moisture sensor A or soil moisture sensor B are sent reaches default
Humidity threshold control drip irrigation equipment is automatically turned on or closed, when soil moisture sensor A detects that soil moisture is not more than 55%
When, drip irrigation equipment starts to water, and when soil moisture sensor B detects that soil moisture is not less than 80%, drip irrigation equipment closes
Close stopping watering.
Processing 3：The setting on ridge is cultivated with embodiment 1.The distribution mode and quantity of soil moisture sensor select compared with
Technology.Concrete scheme：Sunlight indoor location 1 itself attaches the drip irrigation equipment of controller, and drip irrigation zone is installed in hollow zone
Between.8-10 soil moisture sensor is chosen, is evenly distributed in heliogreenhouse, soil moisture sensor is inserted into away from drip irrigation zone
At 15cm.Soil moisture sensor is connected with controller, the soil that controller is sent by judging soil moisture sensor
Whether humidity, which reaches default humidity threshold control drip irrigation equipment, automatically turns on or closes, when soil moisture sensor detects soil
When earth moisture average value is not more than 55%, drip irrigation equipment starts to water, when soil moisture sensor detects that soil moisture is put down
When average is not less than 80%, drip irrigation equipment, which is closed, stops watering.
In order to verify the utilization rate situation of fertilizer, in addition to watering is automatically controlled from artificial limitation, 3 processing applications are complete
Identical fertilizer amount, finally counts 667m2Yield.
667m2Yield result：Processing 1, processing 2, processing 3 are respectively 5574.8kg, 4891.3kg and 4815.9kg, are handled
1 increases production 14.0%, 15.8% respectively than processing 2, processing 3.Using 1 mode that handles, utilization rate of fertilizer highest.
The Soil available nitrogen content of different depth is detected before plantation and after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested respectively, passes through the content of different soils depth
Variation judges rich water wastage.Testing result is shown in Table 1.
Table 1
Processing 1：Before being more than plantation after Soil available nitrogen content is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested at soil 20cm, and difference is extremely notable；It is native at soil 30cm
Before the quick-acting nitrogen contents of earth are more than plantation after uprooting plants after their edible portions have been harvested, and significant difference；Soil 40cm and 50cm Soil available nitrogen content uproot plants after their edible portions have been harvested after and
Do not change before plantation.
Processing 2：Before being more than plantation after Soil available nitrogen content is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested at soil 20cm, 30cm, 40cm and 50cm, and difference
Extremely significantly.
Processing 3：There is identical variation tendency with processing 2.
Processing 1 has no " dead（Mainly caused by anthracnose, phytophthora root rot）" occur, processing 2 and processing 3 have sporadicly
Occur.
After 1 application fertilizer of only processing described above, rich water is mainly distributed in arable layer, and rich water is leaked to deep subsoil
Amount is few, and utilization rate of fertilizer is high.The setting on ridge and the distribution mode of soil moisture sensor is cultivated to be lost in reducing rich water, improve fertilizer
Expect that utilization rate is closely related." recessed " shape cultivates ridge and soil moisture sensor single-point dual control distribution pattern organic assembling, Cai Nengshi
The technology effect of existing " being distributed in using rich water after rich water in arable layer, rich water is few to deep subsoil leakage, and utilization rate of fertilizer is high "
Fruit, Neither of the two can be dispensed.
Embodiment 3 is in cultivated area 980m2Planting in solar-greenhouse kidney bean, kind is an old person having a young heart' a person old in age but young in spirit.Heliogreenhouse one divides
For two, half implements the present invention, another to implement existing rich water integrated technique.Verify the fertile situation of water-saving and section.
Processing 1：Cultivate the distribution mode method using the present invention of the setting and soil moisture sensor on ridge, particular technique
Scheme is the same as embodiment 1.
Processing 2：It cultivates the setting on ridge and the distribution mode of soil moisture sensor uses existing rich water integrated technique,
Specific technical solution：It cultivates ridge to set using prior art size row, wide row space 60cm, small line-spacing 50cm, the high 20cm in ridge, row spacing
20cm；Sunlight indoor location 1 itself attaches the drip irrigation equipment of controller, and drip irrigation zone is installed among small row.Choose 10
Soil moisture sensor is evenly distributed in heliogreenhouse, and soil moisture sensor is inserted at away from drip irrigation zone 15cm.Soil moisture
Sensor is connected with controller, and controller is by judging whether the soil moisture that soil moisture sensor is sent reaches default
Humidity threshold control drip irrigation equipment automatically turn on or close, when soil moisture sensor detects that soil moisture average value is little
When 55%, drip irrigation equipment starts to water, when soil moisture sensor detects that soil moisture average value is not less than 80%,
Drip irrigation equipment, which is closed, stops watering.
Result of the test：On the premise of yield does not reduce, processing 1 is improved than processing 2 water-saving more than 15%, utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer
8.3%, fertilizer, which subtracts, applies more than 14.6%.
More than soil moisture sensor is with the known products that controller is at present on the market, innovative point of the invention
The sprinkling method does not lie in device in itself, as long as can realize that the soil moisture sensor of function above is equal with controller
It can.
The above is the citing of best mode for carrying out the invention, wherein the part do not addressed in detail is that this field is common
The common knowledge of technical staff.Protection scope of the present invention is subject to the content of claim, any technology based on the present invention
The equivalent transformation for enlightening and carrying out, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. method of heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering, it is characterised in that：" recessed " shape cultivation ridge is made, by 2 protrusion bands and 1 Hollow zone forms, protrusion bandwidth 20cm, high 20cm；The bandwidth that is recessed 30cm, depth 10cm, adjacent 2 cultivations ridge spacing 110cm；Protrusion of the kidney bean field planting in " recessed " shape cultivation ridge both sides takes, per 2 plants of cave, hill spacing 30cm；Sunlight indoor location drip irrigation equipment waters for kidney bean, and drip irrigation zone is installed among hollow zone；Optional " recessed " shape cultivates ridge, at hollow zone is away from drip irrigation zone 10cm, is inserted into 1 soil moisture sensor A, the soil water Sub-sensor A pops one's head in away from hollow zone concave surface soil surface 5cm；In the middle of any bar protrusion band, then it is embedded to another 1 soil water Sub-sensor B, soil moisture sensor B probe are away from protrusion band convex surface soil surface 5cm；Drip irrigation equipment is automatically turned on or closed and controlled by controller, soil moisture sensor A and soil moisture sensor B with control Device connection processed, the controller are used to judge the soil water that the soil moisture sensor A or soil moisture sensor B are sent Whether point content reaches default threshold value, when soil moisture sensor A detects that soil water content is not more than 55%, trickle irrigation Opening of device starts to water, and when soil moisture sensor B detects that soil water content is not less than 80%, drip irrigation equipment is closed Stop watering.
- 2. the method for heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cultivation face of the heliogreenhouse Product is no more than 2 × 667m2。
- 3. the method for heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The soil water content is soil Earth relative amount.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711261454.4A CN108094132A (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | A kind of method of heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711261454.4A CN108094132A (en) | 2017-12-04 | 2017-12-04 | A kind of method of heliogreenhouse kidney bean watering |
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| CN108094132A true CN108094132A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
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ID=62208981
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102726273A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-17 | 中农先飞（北京）农业工程技术有限公司 | Decision-making method for soil moisture monitoring and intelligent irrigation of root zone of crop |
| CN103355024A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 胡永军 | Method for cultivating over summering tomato plants in sunlight greenhouse |
| CN106376342A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-08 | 淮南市农康农业科技有限公司 | Method for planting pure natural tomatoes |
| KR101702599B1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-02-21 | 주식회사 헥코리아 | Supply system of sprinkle water and operating method thereof |
| CN107041260A (en) * | 2017-03-12 | 2017-08-15 | 秦春明 | Greenhouse system and greenhouse gardening method |
-
2017
- 2017-12-04 CN CN201711261454.4A patent/CN108094132A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102726273A (en) * | 2012-06-15 | 2012-10-17 | 中农先飞（北京）农业工程技术有限公司 | Decision-making method for soil moisture monitoring and intelligent irrigation of root zone of crop |
| CN103355024A (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2013-10-23 | 胡永军 | Method for cultivating over summering tomato plants in sunlight greenhouse |
| KR101702599B1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-02-21 | 주식회사 헥코리아 | Supply system of sprinkle water and operating method thereof |
| CN106376342A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-08 | 淮南市农康农业科技有限公司 | Method for planting pure natural tomatoes |
| CN107041260A (en) * | 2017-03-12 | 2017-08-15 | 秦春明 | Greenhouse system and greenhouse gardening method |
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Application publication date: 20180601 |